Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge

Protected areas off the Alaskan coast

Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge

IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)

Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, Aleutian Island Unit

Map of Alaska, United States

Location| Alaska, United States
Coordinates| 52°N 174°W﻿ / ﻿52°N 174°W﻿ / 52; -174
Area| 4,900,000 acres (20,000 km2)
Established| 1980
Governing body| U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Website| Alaska Maritime NWR

The Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge (often shortened to Alaska Maritime or AMNWR) is a United States National Wildlife Refuge comprising 2,400 islands, headlands, rocks, islets, spires and reefs in Alaska, with a total area of 4.9 million acres (20,000 km2), of which 2.64 million acres (10,700 km2) is wilderness. The refuge stretches from Cape Lisburne on the Chukchi Sea to the tip of the Aleutian Islands in the west and Forrester Island in the southern Alaska Panhandle region in the east. The refuge has diverse landforms and terrains, including tundra, rainforest, cliffs, volcanoes, beaches, lakes, and streams.

Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge is well known for its abundance of seabirds. About 75 percent of Alaskan native marine birds, 15 to 30 million among 55 species, use the refuge. AMNWR also provides a nesting habitat for an estimated 40 million seabirds, representing 80 percent of all seabirds in North America. The birds congregate in "bird cities" (colonies) along the coast. Each species has a specialized nesting site (rock ledge, crevice, boulder rubble, pinnacle, or burrow). Other animals present in this refuge include caribou, sea lions, bears, coyotes, seals, Canada lynx, beavers, foxes, muskrats, wolf packs, moose, walrus, river otters, marten, whales, Dall sheep and sea otters.[1]

The administrative headquarters and visitor center are located in Homer, Alaska. In 1968, Simeonof National Wildlife Refuge, part of the Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge, was designated as a National Natural Landmark by the National Park Service.[2]

## Administration

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The refuge is divided into five units. Clockwise around Alaska, starting in the southeast, their component territories include:

### Gulf of Alaska unit

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* Saint Lazaria Wilderness (formerly Saint Lazaria National Wildlife Refuge) (Saint Lazaria Island)
* Hazy Islands Wilderness (Hazy Islands)
* Forrester Island Wilderness (Forrester Island, Lowrie Island, Wolf Rock)
* Barren Islands (East Amatuli Island, West Amatuli Island, Ushagat Island, et al.)
* Tuxedni Wilderness (Chisik Island, Duck Island, and Egg Island)
* Middleton Island
* Chiswell Islands
* Trinity Island (Sitkinak Island)

### Alaska Peninsula unit

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* Sutwik Island
* Semidi Wilderness (Semidi Islands: Aghik Island and Chowiet Island, et al.)
* Simeonof Wilderness (Simeonof Island, part of the Shumagin Islands)

### Aleutian Islands unit

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Kagamil Island

Includes most of the land area of the Aleutian Islands, from Unimak in the east to Attu in the west

* Unimak Wilderness (Unimak Island)
* Aleutian Islands Wilderness
* Bogoslof Wilderness (Bogoslof Island)

### Bering Sea unit

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Refuge staffer holding a least auklet on St. George Island

* Hagemeister Island
* Pribilof Islands (St. George Island, St. Paul Island, Otter Island, Walrus Island)
* Bering Sea Wilderness (St. Matthew Island, Hall Island, Pinnacle Island)
* Besboro Island
* Sledge Island
* King Island

### Chukchi Sea unit

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* Chamisso Wilderness (Chamisso Island, Puffin Island)
* Cape Thompson
* Cape Lisburne

## Gallery

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* Big Hazy Islet - Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge

* Gull Island, a small rocky outcropping on Kachemak Bay is the summer home to an estimated 10,000 seabirds

* Thick-billed murres in the refuge

* East Amatuli Island, Barren Islands, Gulf of Alaska Unit

* Castle Cape, Alaska Peninsula Unit

* Cape Thompson

* Three walrus near Cape Lisburne

## See also

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* United States Fish and Wildlife Service
* Saint Lazaria National Wildlife Refuge

## References

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1. ^ McCluskey, Ian (November 2, 2020). "Will Oregon see sea otters again?". OPB. Retrieved 2020-11-04.
2. ^ "National Natural Landmarks - National Natural Landmarks (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved 2019-03-20.

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge.

* Official website
* Islands and Oceans Visitor Center, the official visitor center for the Refuge
* AMNWR field camp photos Unofficial site
* The short film The Tiglax - Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge (2009) is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive.

* v
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Protected areas of Alaska

Federal|

| National Parks|

* Denali
* Gates of the Arctic
* Glacier Bay
* Katmai
* Kenai Fjords
* Kobuk Valley
* Lake Clark
* Wrangell–St. Elias

|

National Historical Parks|

* Klondike Gold Rush (Chilkoot Trail)
* Sitka

National Monuments|

* Admiralty Island (USFS)
* Aleutian Islands World War II (FWS)
* Aniakchak
* Cape Krusenstern
* Misty Fjords (USFS)

National Preserves|

* Bering Land Bridge
* Noatak
* Yukon–Charley Rivers

National Wildlife Refuges|

* Alaska Maritime
* Alaska Peninsula
* Arctic
* Becharof
* Innoko
* Izembek
* Kanuti
* Kenai
* Kodiak
* Koyukuk
* Nowitna
* Selawik
* Tetlin
* Togiak
* Yukon Delta
* Yukon Flats

National Forests|

* Chugach
* Tongass

Forest Service units|

* Mendenhall Glacier

U.S. Wilderness Areas|

* Aleutian Islands
* Andreafsky
* Becharof
* Bering Sea
* Bogoslof
* Chamisso
* Chuck River
* Coronation Island
* Denali
* Endicott River
* Forrester Island
* Gates of the Arctic
* Glacier Bay
* Hazy Islands
* Innoko
* Izembek
* Karta River
* Katmai
* Kenai
* Kobuk Valley
* Kootznoowoo
* Koyukuk
* Kuiu
* Lake Clark
* Maurille Islands
* Misty Fjords
* Mollie Beattie
* Noatak
* Nunivak
* Petersburg Creek–Duncan Salt Chuck
* Pleasant/Lemesurier/Inian Islands
* Russell Fiord
* Saint Lazaria
* Selawik
* Semidi
* Simeonof
* South Baranof
* South Etolin
* South Prince of Wales
* Stikine-LeConte
* Tebenkof Bay
* Togiak
* Tracy Arm-Fords Terror
* Tuxedni
* Unimak
* Warren Island
* West Chichagof-Yakobi
* Wrangell–Saint Elias

Wild and Scenic Rivers|

* Alagnak
* Alatna
* Andreafsky
* Aniakchak
* Beaver Creek
* Birch Creek
* Charley
* Chilikadrotna
* Delta
* Fortymile
* Gulkana
* Ivishak
* John
* Kobuk
* North Fork Koyukuk
* Mulchatna
* Noatak
* Nowitna
* Salmon
* Selawik
* Sheenjek
* Tinayguk
* Tlikakila
* Unalakleet
* Wind

National Conservation Area|

* Steese

State|

| State Parks|

* Afognak Island
* Chilkat
* Chugach
* Denali
* Kachemak Bay
* Point Bridget
* Shuyak Island
* Wood-Tikchik

|

State Forests|

* Haines
* Southeast
* Tanana Valley

* Alaska Department of Natural Resources

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National Wildlife Refuges of the United States

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
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* Kentucky
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* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

* American Samoa
* Guam
* Puerto Rico
* U.S. Minor Outlying Islands
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* Israel
* United States
* 2

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