Alfred Baldwin Sloane

American composer and songwriter

Alfred Baldwin Sloane, published in 1906.

Alfred Baldwin Sloane, often given as A. Baldwin Sloane, (28 August 1872, Baltimore – 21 February 1925, Red Bank, New Jersey) was the most prolific songwriter for Broadway musical comedies in the United States at the beginning of the 20th century.[1][2] Despite his output and success during his lifetime, none of his music has had enduring popularity.[1] Two of his most popular songs were "When You Ain't Got No Money You Needn't Come Around" and "Coming Through the Rye".[3] His most successful hit tune was “Heaven Will Protect the Working Girl" which was first performed by Marie Dressler in the 1910 show Tillie's Nightmare.[1]

## Early Life in Baltimore

[edit]

Alfred Baldwin Sloane was born in Baltimore, Maryland on August 28, 1872.[4] He was the son of Francis James Sloane and Emma Sloane (née Baldwin);[5] both of whom came from families with musical heritage.[6] His first music lessons were from his mother,[7] and he also studied privately with music teachers in his native city.[8] Despite the strong music background of his parents, they strongly objected to him pursuing a career in music.[6]

Sloane was educated in the Baltimore City Public School System.[9] His parents wished him to pursue a career in business,[10] and in his youth he worked in his native city as an apprentice at a wholesale dry goods dealer. He lost his job there after spending most of his time at work surreptitiously composing music on boxes and other miscellaneous items.[6] He also worked nights as an usher at the Academy of Music,[7] and spent some time as the secretary for a company managing a Baltimore cemetery.[6][10]

Sloane's interest in lyric theatre led him to take a leading role in the founding of an amateur dramatic group in Baltimore, the Paint and Powder Club (PPC).[11][12] The club originally began in 1892 at the Maryland Banjo and Mandolin Club with Sloane, Harry Price, Rowland West, and Reece Cassard as its founding members. The club expanded its scope and was transformed into the PPC not long after.[7] Sloane's first songs were written for amateur productions in Baltimore with this group.[8] His first score was written the PPC's production Mustapha;[12] an opera for which Sloane wrote both the music and libretto.[7] It was given its premiere in February 1894 at Ford's Grand Opera House.[13]

One of Sloane's first songs, "While Strolling Through the Forrest", was published in 1894.[9] In 1895 he ended his connection with the PPC, and founded another amateur Baltimore performing group, the Rouge et Blanc Club.[7] He wrote his second comic opera for this group, Midas, which was given its premiere at Albaugh's Lyceum Theatre on 21 February 1895.[12]

## New York composer

[edit]

Sloane moved to New York City not long after the premiere of Midas in Baltimore in 1895.[7] The theatre impresario Edward E. Rice caught a performance of the work while in Baltimore with a touring show he was producing, Robert Barnet's 1492. Impressed by what he heard, he met with Sloane who successfully sold Rice a number of his songs which were interpolated into Rice's next musical Excelsior, Jr..[12] These included the songs "The Alpine Horn", "Grandpa's Hat", "Hush, Silence", "I Love You Evaline; I'm a Very Fly Conductor", and "My Little Sunday Girl" among others.[14]

The success of Excelsior, Jr., first in Boston and later on Broadway, launched Sloane's career in the New York theatre scene.[12] His first original score for the Broadway stage was in 1896 with the musical Jack and the Beanstalk;[8] a work which featured several well known fairy tale and nursery rhyme characters.[15] It too used lyrics by Barnet and was mounted at the Casino Theatre by producers Klaw and Erlanger.,[12]

In New York, Sloane quickly adapted his compositional style to what was then the current trend of the Tin Pan Alley publishing houses; a shift which enabled him to be gainfully employed by having his songs interpolated into shows both on the musical stage and in vaudeville.[11] These included several songs by Sloane incorporated into the musical Papa's Wife (1899) which starred Anna Held.[12] His first big hit was the 1898 song "When You Ain't Got No Money, (Well You Needn't Come Round)" which was popularized on the stage by May Irwin.[9] His biggest success as a songwriter was the tune "Heaven Will Protect the Working Girl," which Marie Dressler introduced in Tillie's Nightmare (1910), but none of his songs found enduring popularity.[8]

In 1900 he married Mae Auwerda.[16] His most successful work as a composer in terms of quality was The Mocking Bird (1902).[8]

After 1912, Sloane's composition output declined as he embarked on a second successful career as an exhibition dancer.[12] He did provide much of the music for the 1919 and 1920 Greenwich Village Follies. He wrote one of his musicals, Lady Teazle, for Lillian Russell when she was at the height of her national popularity. His last score, for the 1925 Broadway production China Rose, was in production at the time of his death. China Rose had been produced in Boston, by Christmas Eve, 1924.[17]

While in the home of his daughter, Mrs. June H. Brackett, Alfred Baldwin Sloane died of heart disease at the age of 52 in Red Bank, New Jersey on 21 February 1925.[18][19]

At the time of his death, Sloane was the president of Composers' Publishing Company and vice president of Authors and Composers Publishing Company.[7]

He was a member of The Lambs, the Green Room Club, and Old Strollers.

## Musicals and operettas with scores by Sloane

[edit]

Still from "The Gingerbread Man" 1909 production, Seattle, WA

New York productions

* The Strange Adventures of Jack and the Beanstalk[12] (also known as Jack and the Beanstalk),[20] music by Sloane, opened at the Casino Theatre on November 2, 1896[12]
* The Marquis of Michigan, music by Sloane; premiered at the Collingwood Opera House in Poughkeepsie, New York on August 26, 1897; opened at Broadway's Bijou Theatre on September 21, 1898[12]
* The Queen's Fan, music by Sloane, lyrics by George Totten Smith, opened March 6, 1899, Proctor's Music Hall[12]
* Broadway to Tokio, music by Sloane, January 23, 1900 – April 7, 1900[21]
* Aunt Hannah, music by Sloane, February 22, 1900 – Mar 10, 1900[22]
* A Million Dollars, musical in three acts; music by Sloane, lyrics by George V. Hobart; Book by Louis Harrison and Hobart;[23] September 27, 1900 – October 20, 1900[24]
* Nell-Go-In, a bill of a burlesque, ballet, and vaudeville in three acts; music by Sloane; lyrics and book by George V. Hobart;[25] October 31, 1900 – November 17, 1900[26]
* Madge Smith, Attorney, a musical play in three acts; music and lyrics by many authors, including Sloane; book by Ramsay Morris;[27] December 10, 1900 – March 1901[28]
* After Office Hours / The Giddy Throng (staged together),[29] music by Sloane,[30] December 24, 1900 – May 11, 1901[31]
* In A Japanese Garden, musical in one act; music by Sloane; lyrics and book by William Gill; premiered at Casino Theatre on May 3, 1901[29]
* The King's Carnival, music by Sloane, lyrics and book by Sydney Rosenfeld;[32] May 13, 1901 – June 6, 1901; returned September 9, 1901 – October 12, 1901[33]
* Fun on the Beach, musical in one act; music by Sloane; lyrics and book by George V. Hobart; premiered August 4, 1901, Cherry Blossom Grove[29]
* The Supper Club, music by Sloane, lyrics by Sloane, December 23, 1901 – January 25, 1902[34]
* The Hall of Fame, musical in three acts; music by Sloane; lyrics by George V. Hobart; book by Sydney Rosenfeld;[35] February 5, 1902 – June 4, 1902[36]
* The Belle of Broadway, music by Sloane, March 15, 1902 – March 29, 1902[37]
* The Mocking Bird, opera in three acts; music by Sloane; libretto by Sydney Rosenfeld;[38] November 10, 1902 – Jun 8, 1903[39]
* The Wizard of Oz, music by Sloane, January 20, 1903 – Oct 3, 1903;[40] revived March 21, 1904 – Nov 25, 1905
* Sergeant Kitty, music Sloane, January 18, 1904 – March 12, 1904[41]
* Glittering Gloria, featuring songs by Sloane, February 15, 1904 – April 1904[42]
* Lady Teazle, musical in two acts; music by Sloane; lyrics and book by John Kendrick Bangs and Roderic C. Penfield; based on Richard Brinsley Sheridan's The School for Scandal;[43] December 24, 1904 – February 11, 1905[44]
* The Gingerbread Man, music by Sloane, December 25, 1905 – May 26, 1906[45]
* Coming Thro' The Rye, music by Sloane, January 9, 1906 – February 10, 1906[46]
* Seeing New York, book by Sloane, June 5, 1906 – August 18, 1906[47]
* The Great Decide, music by Sloane, November 15, 1906 – Dec 29, 1906
* The Mimic and the Maid, a musical in three acts; music by Sloane; lyrics and book by Allen Lowe;[48] January 11, 1907 – Jan 12, 1907[49]
* The Prince of Bohemia,, musical in two acts; music by Sloane; lyrics by E. Ray Goetz; book by J. Hartley Manners;[50] January 14, 1910 – Feb 1910[51]
* Tillie's Nightmare, music by Sloane, May 5, 1910 – Dec 1911[52]
* The Summer Widowers, music by Sloane, June 4, 1910 – October 1, 1910[53]
* The Hen-Pecks, musical in two acts; music by Sloane; lyrics by E. Ray Goetz and Vincent Bryan; book by Glen MacDonough;[54] February 4, 1911 – September 23, 1911[55]
* The Never Homes, musical in two acts; music by Sloane; lyrics by E. Ray Goetz; book by Glen MacDonough; October 5, 1911 – Dec 23, 1911[56]
* Hokey-Pokey, music by John Stromberg, Sloane, and William T. Francis; lyrics by Edgar Smith and E. Ray Goetz; book by Edgar Smith;[57] February 8, 1912 – May 11, 1912[58]
* Bunty Pulls the Strings (staged with Hokey-Pokey), music by Sloane; book by Edgar Smith; lyrics by E. Ray Goetz; February 8, 1912 – May 11, 1912
* Alexander's Bag-Pipe Band, lyrics & music by E. Ray Goetz, Irving Berlin, and A. Baldwin (1912)
* Hanky Panky, musical in two acts and 3 scenes; music by Sloane; lyrics by E. Ray Goetz; book by Edgar Smith;[59] August 5, 1912 – November 2, 1912[60]
* Roly Poly / Without the Law (burlesque), music & lyrics by Sloane, November 21, 1912 – Jan 11, 1913[61]
* The Sun Dodgers, music by Sloane, November 30, 1912 – December 14, 1912[62]
* Ladies First, musical in three acts; music by Sloane; lyrics and book by Harry B. Smith;[63] story adapted from Charles H. Hoyt's A Contented Woman October 24, 1918 – March 15, 1919[64]
* The Greenwich Village Follies (1919), musical revue; music by Sloane; lyrics by John Murray Anderson and Arthur Swanstrom; book by Philip Bartholomae[65] July 15, 1919 – January 31, 1920
* The Greenwich Village Follies of 1920, musical revue; music by Sloane; lyrics by John Murray Anderson and Arthur Swanstrom; book by Thomas J. Gray[66] August 30, 1920 – March 5, 1921
* China Rose, music by Sloane, January 19, 1925 – May 9, 1925[67]
* Peggy-Ann December 27, 1926 – October 29, 1927, Vanderbilt Theatre (333 performances)[68]

Baltimore

* Mustapha, music & lyrics by Sloane, Pain and Powder Club, performed at Albaugh's theater, 1894
* Midas (operetta), Albaugh's Lyceum Theatre (show was purchased by Edward E. Rice), February 9, 1895 OCLC 26835642, 773494615

Chicago

* All Around Chicago, music by Sloane, McVicker's Theater, 1905[69]

Boston

* Simple Simon, music by Sloane, Tremont Theatre, opened February 8, 1897[12]

Atlantic City

* Li'l Mose, music by Sloane; lyrics and book by Owen Davis and George Totten Smith; April 20, 1908[70]

Milwaukee

* Lo (musical comedy), musical; music by Sloane; book & lyrics by O. Henry (pseudonym of William Sydney Porter) & Franklin Pierce Adams; August 29, 1909[71]

## Musicals and operettas with interpolated music by Sloane

[edit]

* Excelsior, Jr., musical; music by George Lowell Tracy; libretto by Robert Barnet;[14] opened at Hammerstein's Olympia on November 29, 1895.[12] Multiple songs and instrumental numbers interpolated into the show by Sloane.[14]
* Papa's Wife (1899)[12]
* A Chinese Honeymoon (1901), musical in two acts; libretto by George Dance; music by Howard Talbot. Sloane's song "Little Street in Heaven They Call Broadway" was interpolated into the 1902 Broadway production.[72]
* The Liberty Belles (1901), musical; music by John W. Bratton; lyrics and book by Harry B. Smith.[73] Sloane contributed the songs "A Little Child Like Me", "My Filipino Pet", "Spring Hat" and "Shopping Chorus".[74]
* The Little Duchess, additional music by Sloane, October 14, 1901 – April 1902[75]
* George W. Lederer's Mid-Summer Night Fancies, additional music Sloane, June 22, 1903 – July 18, 1903[76]
* Red Feather (1903), comic opera in two acts; music by Reginald De Koven, libretto by Charles Klein; lyrics by Charles Emerson Cook.[77] Sloane contributed the song "There's A Little Street in Heaven They Call Broadway"[78]
* The Girl from Dixie (1903), musical in two acts; libretto by Harry B. Smith;[79] music by various composer. Sloane composed the music for the song "The Dissipated Kitten".[80]
* Girls Will Be Girls (1904), musical in three acts; music and lyrics by Joseph Hart; book by R. Melville Baker. Sloane contributed the song "Swinging" to the national touring production in 1906.[81]
* The Rollicking Girl (1905), musical in three acts; music by William T. Francis; lyrics and book by Sydney Rosenfeld. Sloane contributed the song "Bored" with lyrics by Frederick Ranken.[82]
* About Town (1906), musical in two acts; music by Melville Ellis and Raymond Hubbell; book and lyrics by Joseph Herbert.[83] The opening chorus added to the production in Boston in 1907 after its Broadway run ended is attributed to Sloane.[84]
* Fascinating Flora (1907), musical in two acts; music by Gustav Kerker; lyrics by: R. H. Burnside; book by R. H. Burnside and Joseph W. Herbert.[85] Sloane's song "Romance and Reality" with lyrics by Louis Harrison was interpolated into the musical.[86]
* The Beauty Spot (1909), musical in two acts; music by Reginald De Koven; book and lyrics by Joseph W. Herbert. Sloane wrote the music for the "Entrance of the Flower Girls", and his song "Foolish Questions" with lyrics by William Lee was interpolated into the show.[87]
* Hello, Paris (1911), musical revue in one act; music by J. Rosamond Johnson; lyrics by J. Leubrie Hill; book by William Le Baron.[88] Sloane contributed the song "Sentimental Tommy" with lyrics by E. Ray Goetz.[89]
* All Star Gambol (1913), revue starring Marie Dressler with Dressler serving as playwright and lyricist and Frederick Schwartz as her musical director. Dressler used pre-existing songs for this show by a variety of composers. Sloane's song "Great Big Girl Like Me" with lyrics by Edgar Smith was interpolated into the show.[69]
* A Fantastic Fricassee (1922), musical revue in fifteen scenes; Prologue attributed to Sloane.[90]

## Filmography

[edit]

Soundtrack

* 1952: Somebody Loves Me, Toddling the Todalo lyrics by Sloane
* 1940: Strike Up the Band, Heaven Will Protect the Working Girl, music & lyrics by Sloane (uncredited)
* 1939: Frontier Marshal Heaven Will Protect the Working Girl, music & lyrics by Sloan (uncredited)

Writer

* 1914: Tillie's Punctured Romance, Tillie's Nightmare (uncredited)

Self

* 1914: Our Mutual Girl, Sloane plays himself (episode 10)

## Selected sheet music

[edit]

William Pilling, New York (publisher)

* He Cert'ny Was Good To Me, lyrics by Jean C. Havez, music by Sloane (1898)

M. Witmark & Sons

* Susie, Mah Sue, music & lyrics by Sloane (lyricist) (1900) – from the musical Broadway to Tokio
* Lazy Bill, A Volunteer Of Rest, music by Sloane, lyrics by Glen MacDonough (1897) - from the musical The Marquis of Michigan

Joseph W. Stern & Co., New York

* There's a Little Street in Heaven That They Call Broadway, lyrics by James T. Waldron & Sloane, music by Sloane (1903) OCLC 26005231

Charles K. Harris, Chicago

The Gingerbread Man (musical)
Book & lyrics by Frederic Ranken, music by Sloane (1905)

* The Evil Eye
* The Beautiful Land of Bon Bon
* John Dough
* Moon Song

## Family

[edit]

He married Lucille Mae Auwerda in Manhattan on February 15, 1900. They had one daughter – June Augusta Sloane (1901–1984) – who married Isaac Hosford Brackett (1901–1976).

## References

[edit]

### Citations

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Bordman & Hischak 2004, p. 577.
2. ^ Hischak 2015, p. 570.
3. ^ "A. Baldwin Sloane, Musical Comedy Composer, Dies". The Atlanta Constitution. February 22, 1925. p. 16A.
4. ^ "Sloane, Alfred Baldwin". Who Was Who in the Theatre: 1912–1976 – A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Directors, Playwrights, and Producers of the English-Speaking Theatre. Vol. IV. Detroit: Gale Research. 1978. pp. 2206–2207.
5. ^ Knox 1918, p. 986.
6. ^ a b c d Austin & Browne 1906, p. 204.
7. ^ a b c d e f g "A. Baldwin Sloane". Musical America. 41 (19): 47. February 28, 1925.
8. ^ a b c d e Gerald Bordman (2002). "Sloane, A(lfred) Baldwin". Grove Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.47018.
9. ^ a b c Ewen 1962, p. 156.
10. ^ a b Briscoe 1907, p. 192.
11. ^ a b Bordman & Norton 2010, p. 172.
12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Gänzl 2001, p. 1878.
13. ^ "The History of the Paint and Powder Company". The Paint and Powder Club of Baltimore City: 11. April 20, 1908.
14. ^ a b c Bloom 1996, p. 299.
15. ^ Bordman & Hischak 2004, p. 571.
16. ^ "A. Baldwin Sloane". Variety. LXXVIII (2): 35. February 25, 1925.
17. ^ "Christmas Eve". Boston Herald. December 23, 1924. p. 6.
18. ^ Spillane, J.B., ed. (March 15, 1925). "Alfred Baldwin Sloane, Noted Composer, Dies". The Talking Machine World. XXI (3): 181.
19. ^ "Rusty Lyre Muted, Alfred Sloane Dies". Dallas Morning News. February 23, 1925. p. 1A.
20. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 554.
21. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 5.
22. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 9.
23. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 731.
24. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 30.
25. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 789.
26. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 39.
27. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 682.
28. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 47.
29. ^ a b c Gänzl 2001, p. 1879.
30. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 7.
31. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 48.
32. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 593.
33. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 64-66.
34. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 86.
35. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 439.
36. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 93.
37. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 99.
38. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 743.
39. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 129.
40. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 143.
41. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 205.
42. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 208.
43. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 614.
44. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 266.
45. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 331-332.
46. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 338.
47. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 361.
48. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 732.
49. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 404.
50. ^ Bloom 1996, pp. 911–912.
51. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 6.
52. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 20.
53. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 24.
54. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 469.
55. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 62.
56. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 104.
57. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 491.
58. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 138.
59. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 442.
60. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 162.
61. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 188.
62. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 191.
63. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 607.
64. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 451.
65. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 425.
66. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 426.
67. ^ Dietz 2019, p. 244.
68. ^ Dietz 2019, p. 346.
69. ^ a b Bloom 1996, p. 19.
70. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 635.
71. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 654.
72. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 186.
73. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 78.
74. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 630.
75. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 82.
76. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 166-167.
77. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 190-191.
78. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 936.
79. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 198.
80. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 385.
81. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 396.
82. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 959.
83. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 371.
84. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 3.
85. ^ Dietz 2022, p. 420.
86. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 308.
87. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 84.
88. ^ Dietz 2021, p. 92.
89. ^ Bloom 1996, p. 466.
90. ^ Bloom 1996, pp. 307–308.

### Bibliography

[edit]

* Austin, Frederick Arnold; Browne, Walter, eds. (1906). "Sloane, Alfred Baldwin". Who's Who On The Stage: The Dramatic Reference Book and Biographical Dictionary of the Theatre, Volume I. New York: Walter Browne & F.A. Austin.
* Bargeron, Eric; Beach, Hollis; Petrides, Christina, eds. (2017). "O. Henry 1862-1910". Twentieth Century Literary Criticism : Excerts from Criticism of the Works of Novelists, Poets, Playwrights, Short Story Writers, and Other Creative Writers Who Lived Between 1900 And 1960. Gale Research.
* Barnet, Anne Alison (2004). Extravaganza king : Robert Barnet and Boston Musical Theatre. Northeastern University Press.
* Bloom, Ken (1996). American Song: The Complete Musical Theatre Companion, 1900-1984. Schirmer Books. ISBN 9780871969613.
* Bordman, Gerald; Hischak, Thomas S. (2004). "Sloane, A[lfred] Baldwin (1872–1925), composer". The Oxford Companion to American Theatre, Third Edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195169867.
* Bordman, Gerald Martin; Norton, Richard (2010). American Musical Theatre: A Chronicle. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199729708.
* Briscoe, Johnson (1907). "August 28: A. Baldwin Sloane". The Actors' Birthday Book, Volume 1. Moffat, Yard and Company.
* Dietz, Dan (2022). The Complete Book of 1900s Broadway Musicals. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9781538168943.
* Dietz, Dan (2021). The Complete Book of 1910s Broadway Musicals. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9781538150283.
* Dietz, Dan (2019). The Complete Book of 1920s Broadway Musicals. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 9781442245280.
* Ewen, David (1962). "A. Baldwin Sloane 1872-1926". Popular American Composers from Revolutionary Times to the Present: A Biographical and Critical Guide. H. W. Wilson Co.
* Green, Stanley; Ginell, Cary (2019). Broadway Musicals: Show by Show. Applause. ISBN 9781493050710.
* Gänzl, Kurt (2001). The Encyclopedia of the Musical Theatre, Second Edition. Vol. III. Schirmer Books. ISBN 978-0028655741.
* Hischak, Thomas S. (2015). "Sloane, A(lfred) Baldwin (1872-1925)". In Zipes, Jack (ed.). The Oxford Companion to Fairy Tales, Second Edition. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199689828.
* Knox, Herman W., ed. (1918). "SLOANE, A. Baldwin". Who's who in New York (city and State), Seventh Edition: 1917–1918. Who's Who Incorporated.
* Rehrig, William H. "Sloane, A. Baldwin". In Bierley, Paul (ed.). The Heritage Encyclopedia of Band Music: Composers and Their Music. Integrity Press. ISBN 0918048087.
* Suskin, Steven (2010). Show Tunes: The Songs, Shows, and Careers of Broadway's Major Composers. Oxford University Press.
* Witmark, Isidore; Goldberg, Isaac (1976). The Story of the House of Witmark : From Ragtime to Swingtime. Da Capo Press.

## External links

[edit]

* Alfred Baldwin Sloane at the Internet Broadway Database

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