Algeria–Mali relations

Bilateral relations

Algerian–Malian relations

Algeria |
Mali

Algeria–Mali relations refers to bilateral relations between Algeria and Mali. Algeria maintains an embassy in Bamako and a consulate in Gao, while Mali has an embassy in Algiers.

The relationship between Algeria and Mali, both former French colonies, has become a major obstacle for these neighboring states, as they share a long border that includes the Sahel desert. As predominantly Sunni Muslim countries, recent instability in Mali - notably in the Azawad region, home to the Tuareg people - has resulted in a significant al-Qaeda presence in the Islamic Maghreb,[1] posing a challenge for Algeria. In response, Algeria has fortified its border and deployed more troops to secure the border with Mali.[2] The growing threat of militants from Mali has led Algeria and the United States to discuss how to counter their extremist actions.[3][4]

Despite these challenges, Algeria and Mali have been working to diversify their economic cooperation.[5] Algeria has emerged as a major investor in Mali, due in part to its relatively lower poverty rate and greater economic progress.

In December 2023, Mali recalled its ambassador to Algeria after accusing him of interfering in its internal affairs by meeting with rebel leaders, thus intensifying diplomatic tensions over efforts to end separatist and Islamist insurgencies in northern Mali.[6]

On March 31, 2025, around midnight, a Malian reconnaissance drone of the Akinci type that had penetrated 2 kilometers into Algerian airspace near the border town of Tin Zaouatine was detected and shot down, the Algerian Ministry of National Defense (MDN) said without giving further details. These[7] incidents have heightened tensions between the two countries, which were already in a diplomatic conflict.[8][9][10] On April 7, 2025, Algeria banned flights to and from Mali in response to "recurring violations" of Algerian airspace by Malian military drones.[11]

## Migration

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Malian immigrants form at least 1% of the Algerian population, with most of them living in coastal cities such as Oran, Constantine, Algiers, Tamanrasset and Adrar Provinces.[12][13][14]

## 2012 seizure of Algerian consulate

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During the Tuareg rebellion of 2012, the Algerian consulate was seized by at least two people wearing explosives belts. Seven hostages were taken, including the consul. In regards to Azawad's UDI, Algeria's Prime Minister has declared it would never "accept questioning Mali's territorial integrity" Algeria has planned to co-ordinate with MNLA to work towards freeing the hostages.

## References

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1. ^ Richter, Line (2016-04-27). "On the Edge of Existence: Malian Migrants in the Maghreb". Culture Unbound. 8 (1): 74–87\. doi:10.3384/cu.2000.1525.168174. ISSN 2000-1525.
2. ^ "Algeria beefs up army presence on Mali border". Al Jazeera. 5 February 2013.
3. ^ "In Algeria And Mali, Al Qaeda-Tied Terrorists Pose Challenge For U.S. Forces". Huffington Post. 17 January 2013.
4. ^ Gordon, Michael R. (29 October 2012). "U.S. and Algeria discuss ousting Mali militants". The New York Times.
5. ^ "Algeria, Mali Willing to Diversify Bilateral Relations". All Africa. 1 September 2015.
6. ^ "Mali recalls its envoy in Algeria after alleging interference, deepening tensions over peace efforts". AP News. 23 December 2023.
7. ^ Rédaction, La (2024-09-02). "L'aviation algérienne dissuade des drones de l'armée malienne". Le Matin d'Algérie (in French). Retrieved 2025-04-01.
8. ^ "L'Algérie abat un drone qui avait pénétré son espace aérien". Tunisie (in French). 2025-04-01. Retrieved 2025-04-01.
9. ^ Akramov (2025-04-01). "L'ANP siffle la fin de partie pour les drones maliens". MENADEFENSE (in French). Retrieved 2025-04-01.
10. ^ "Mali'de Akıncı SİHA düştü". Mepa News (in Turkish). 2025-04-01. Retrieved 2025-04-01.
11. ^ "Algeria and Mali ban flights amid diplomatic crisis". Reuters. 2025-04-08. Retrieved 2025-04-08.
12. ^ Zardo, Federica; Loschi, Chiara (2022-03-15). "EU-Algeria (non)cooperation on migration: A tale of two fortresses". Mediterranean Politics. 27 (2): 148–169\. doi:10.1080/13629395.2020.1758453. hdl:11585/797235. ISSN 1362-9395.
13. ^ Raouf, Kaouache; Reda, Bougherza (2022-07-30). "Economic Adaptation of Refugees in Algeria: A Comparative Study of Syrian and Malian Emigrants'". Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences. 49 (4): 354–361\. doi:10.35516/hum.v49i4.2086. ISSN 2663-6190.
14. ^ Farrah, Raouf (2023-01-13). The Governance of Irregular Migration in Southern Algeria: Politics, Smuggling and Migrant Pathways. University of Ottawa (Thesis). doi:10.20381/RUOR-28706.

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