All Ceylon Tamil Congress

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Political party in Sri Lanka

All Ceylon Tamil Congress

Akila Ilankai Thamil Congress
அகில இலங்கைத் தமிழ்க் காங்கிரஸ்
අකිල ඉලංකෙයි තමිල් කොංග්‍රස්

Secretary| Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam
Founder| G. G. Ponnambalam
Founded| 29 August 1944 (80 years ago) (1944-08-29)
Headquarters| 15 Queen's Road, Colpetty, Colombo 3
Ideology| Tamil nationalism
National affiliation| Tamil National People's Front
Parliament|

1 / 225

Election symbol
Bicycle

Party flag

* Politics of Sri Lanka
* Political parties
* Elections

All Ceylon Tamil Congress (Tamil: அகில இலங்கைத் தமிழ்க் காங்கிரஸ்), is the oldest Tamil political party in Sri Lanka.

## History

[edit]

The ACTC was founded in 1944 by G.G. Ponnambalam. Ponnambalam asked for a 50-50 representation in parliament (50% for the majority Sinhalese, and 50% for all other ethnic groups).[1] This was immediately rejected by the British Governor General Lord Soulbury as a "mockery of democracy".[citation needed]

Due to the cooperation of the ACTC with the United National Party (UNP) a group led by S.J.V. Chelvanayakam broke away in 1949, forming the Ilankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi (ITAK), commonly known as Federal Party (FP). The ACTC was largely discredited when their ally the UNP moved away from bilingual and bicommunal policies towards a pro-Sinhalese stance. Thus the FP emerged as the major Tamil party in 1956.[citation needed]

In 1972 the ACTC and the FP formed the Tamil United Front, which later evolved into the Tamil United Liberation Front in 1976.[citation needed]

Ahead of the 2001 elections, ACTC joined the LTTE-backed Tamil National Alliance (TNA). In the 2004 elections the TNA won 6.9% of the popular vote and 22 out of the 225 seats in parliament.[citation needed]

The ACTC left the TNA in 2010 and subsequently joined a new political alliance, the Tamil National People's Front.[citation needed]

## Leaders

[edit]

Leaders of this party:

* G. G. Ponnambalam (Snr.)
* Kumar Ponnambalam
* Dr. Nalliah Kumaraguruparan
* A. Vinayagamoorthy
* Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam

## 1947 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 1947 election, the first for the independent Ceylon, the ACTC won 4.37% of the popular vote and 7 out of 95 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by ACTC by electoral district

Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | ACTC MP

|
|
|
|
|

Chavakachcheri | 11,813 | 85.51% | 1 | 49.34% | V. Kumarasamy
Jaffna | 14,324 | 73.28% | 1 | 46.26% | G. G. Ponnambalam
Kankesanthurai | 12,126 | 55.39% | 1 | 57.69% | S. J. V. Chelvanayakam
Kayts | 5,230 | 29.21% | 0 | 55.69% |
Kopay | 9,619 | 58.90% | 1 | 50.33% | C. Vanniasingam
Point Pedro | 10,396 | 43.51% | 1 | 58.39% | T. Ramalingam
Trincomalee | 5,252 | 56.15% | 1 | 56.10% | S. Sivapalan
Vaddukoddai | 11,721 | 61.24% | 1 | 52.00% | K. Kanagaratnam
Vavuniya | 2,018 | 33.39% | 0 | 55.64% |
Total | 82,499 | 4.37% | 7 |  |
Source:[2]

## 1952 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 1952 election the ACTC won 2.77% of the popular vote and 4 out of 95 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by ACTC by electoral district

Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | ACTC MP

|
|
|
|
|

Chavakachcheri | 14,801 | 72.33% | 1 | 67.22% | V. Kumarasamy
Jaffna | 12,726 | 60.48% | 1 | 71.66% | G. G. Ponnambalam
Kayts | 9,517 | 43.44% | 1 | 73.36% | Alfred Thambiayah
Kopay | 9,200 | 43.88% | 0 | 64.57% |
Point Pedro | 11,609 | 41.54% | 1 | 65.80% | T. Ramalingam
Vaddukoddai | 5,261 | 22.64% | 0 | 69.54% |
Vavuniya | 1,398 | 15.52% | 0 | 69.59% |
Total | 64,512 | 2.77% | 4 |  |
Source:[3]

## 1956 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 1956 election the ACTC fielded only one candidate, party leader G.G. Ponnambalam in Jaffna, who managed to win the seat with 8,914 votes.[4]

## 1960 (March) Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the March 1960 election the ACTC won 1.32% of the popular vote and 1 out of 151 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by ACTC by electoral district

Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | ACTC MP

|
|
|
|
|

Chavakachcheri | 6,930 | 32.52% | 0 | 83.20% |
Jaffna | 5,312 | 30.56% | 0 | 71.91% |
Kankesanthurai | 1,448 | 7.23% | 0 | 71.22% |
Kopay | 4,936 | 23.35% | 0 | 77.13% |
Nallur | 6,808 | 34.82% | 0 | 73.12% |
Point Pedro | 2,521 | 17.91% | 0 | 73.33% |
Udupiddy | 7,365 | 34.70% | 1 | 74.84% | M. Sivasithamparam
Vaddukoddai | 2,955 | 13.72% | 0 | 75.37% |
Total | 38,275 | 1.32% | 1 |  |
Source:[5]

## 1960 (July) Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the July 1960 election the ACTC won 1.66% of the popular vote and 1 out of 151 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.[6]

## 1965 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 1965 election the ACTC won 2.44% of the popular vote and 3 out of 151 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by ACTC by electoral district

Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | ACTC MP

|
|
|
|
|

Batticaloa | 8,107 | 12.14% | 0 | 150.59% |
Chavakachcheri | 7,191 | 30.59% | 0 | 77.92% |
Jaffna | 9,350 | 42.37% | 1 | 77.76% | G. G. Ponnambalam
Kalkudah | 3,354 | 19.38% | 0 | 72.70% |
Kankesanthurai | 6,611 | 26.13% | 0 | 72.42% |
Kayts | 5,816 | 30.02% | 0 | 61.49% |
Kilinochchi | 4,076 | 30.76% | 0 | 71.33% |
Kopay | 8,230 | 34.34% | 0 | 72.90% |
Mutur | 327 | 0.58% | 0 | 150.92% |
Nallur | 9,860 | 43.12% | 0 | 72.03% |
Point Pedro | 6,614 | 40.43% | 0 | 71.62% |
Udupiddy | 12,009 | 46.67% | 1 | 75.47% | M. Sivasithamparam
Uduvil | 5,577 | 23.29% | 0 | 72.80% |
Vaddukoddai | 4,359 | 17.09% | 0 | 69.83% |
Vavuniya | 7,265 | 40.33% | 1 | 73.45% | T. Sivasithamparam
Total | 98,746 | 2.44% | 3 |  |
Source:[7]

## 1970 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 1970 election the ACTC won 2.32% of the popular vote and 3 out of 151 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by ACTC by electoral district

Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | ACTC MP

|
|
|
|
|

Chavakachcheri | 12,921 | 45.51% | 0 | 86.11% |
Jaffna | 7,222 | 29.05% | 0 | 79.89% |
Kankesanthurai | 3,051 | 10.00% | 0 | 81.03% |
Kayts | 1,667 | 6.80% | 0 | 76.88% |
Kilinochchi | 9,049 | 50.19% | 1 | 76.03% | V. Anandasangaree
Kopay | 11,288 | 38.38% | 0 | 79.01% |
Nallur | 13,116 | 46.78% | 1 | 78.69% | C. Arulampalam
Point Pedro | 8,902 | 46.85% | 0 | 79.52% |
Udupiddy | 11,662 | 42.02% | 0 | 80.41% |
Uduvil | 11,656 | 40.68% | 0 | 78.43% |
Vaddukoddai | 14,359 | 51.29% | 1 | 78.67% | Dr. A. Thiagarajah
Vavuniya | 10,674 | 41.92% | 0 | 80.82% |
Total | 115,567 | 2.32% | 3 |  |
Source:[8]

## 2000 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 2000 election the ACTC won 0.32% of the popular vote and 1 out of 225 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by ACTC by electoral district

Electoral District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | ACTC MP

|
|
|
|
|

Batticaloa | 6,968 | 3.74% | 0 | 71.74% |
Colombo | 5,238 | 0.52% | 0 | 76.05% |
Jaffna | 10,648 | 8.94% | 1 | 21.33% | A. Vinayagamoorthy
Trincomalee | 3,748 | 2.82% | 0 | 68.53% |
Vanni | 721 | 0.87% | 0 | 42.14% |
Total | 27,323 | 0.32% | 1 |  |
Source:[9]

## 2001 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the first parliamentary election contested by the Tamil National Alliance, the 5 December 2001 election, the TNA led by Rajavarothiam Sampanthan won 3.88% of the popular vote and 15 out of 225 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by TNA by electoral district

Electoral
District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TNA MPs

|
|
|
|
|

Ampara | 48,789 | 17.41% | 1 | 82.51% | A. Chandranehru (TULF)
Batticaloa | 86,284 | 48.17% | 3 | 68.20% | G. Krishnapillai (ACTC)
Joseph Pararajasingham (TULF)
Thambiraja Thangavadivel (TELO)
Colombo | 12,696 | 1.20% | 0 | 76.31% |
Jaffna | 102,324 | 54.84% | 6 | 31.14% | V. Anandasangaree (TULF)
Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam (ACTC)
Nadarajah Raviraj (TULF)
Mavai Senathirajah (TULF)
M. K. Shivajilingam (TELO)
A. Vinayagamoorthy (ACTC)
Trincomalee | 56,121 | 34.83% | 1 | 79.88% | R. Sampanthan (TULF)
Vanni | 41,950 | 44.39% | 3 | 46.77% | Selvam Adaikalanathan (TELO)
Sivasakthy Ananthan (EPRLF)
Irasa Kuhaneswaran (TELO)
National List |  |  | 1 |  | M. Sivasithamparam (TULF), died 5 June 2002
K. Thurairetnasingam (TULF) (replaces M. Sivasithamparam)
Total | 348,164 | 3.88% | 15 | 76.03% |
Source:"Parliamentary General Election 2001, Final District Results". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.

## 2004 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 2 April 2004 parliamentary election in which the United People's Freedom Alliance alliance led by President Kumaratunga came to power, the Tamil National Alliance led by Rajavarothiam Sampanthan won 6.84% of the popular vote and 22 out of 225 seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by TNA by electoral district

Electoral
District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TNA MPs

|
|
|
|
|

Ampara | 55,533 | 19.13% | 1 | 81.42% | K. Pathmanathan, died 21 May 2009
Thomas Thangathurai William, from 12 June 2009 (replaces K. Pathmanathan)
Batticaloa | 161,011 | 66.71% | 4 | 83.58% | Senathirajah Jeyanandamoorthy
Thanmanpillai Kanagasabai
Thangeswary Kathiraman
Kingsley Rasanayagam, resigned April 2004
P. Ariyanethiran, from 18 May 2004 (replaces Kingsley Rasanayagam)
Jaffna | 257,320 | 90.60% | 8 | 47.38% | Selvarajah Kajendren
Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam (ACTC)
Suresh Premachandran (EPRLF)
Nadarajah Raviraj (ITAK), murdered 10 November 2006
Mavai Senathirajah (ITAK)
M. K. Shivajilingam (TELO)
K. Sivanesan, murdered 6 March 2008
Pathmini Sithamparanathan
Nallathamby Srikantha (TELO), from 30 November 2006 (replaces Nadarajah Raviraj)
Solomon Cyril, from 9 April 2008 (replaces Kidnan Sivanesan)
Trincomalee | 68,955 | 37.72% | 2 | 85.44% | R. Sampanthan (ITAK)
K. Thurairetnasingam (ITAK)
Vanni | 90,835 | 64.71% | 5 | 66.64% | Selvam Adaikalanathan (TELO)
Sivasakthy Ananthan (EPRLF)
Sathasivam Kanagaratnam
Sivanathan Kisshor
Vino Noharathalingam (TELO)
National List |  |  | 2 |  | M. K. Eelaventhan, expelled from Parliament 14 December 2007 for non-attendance
Joseph Pararajasingham (ITAK), murdered 24 December 2005
Chandra Nehru Chandrakanthan, from 27 September 2006 (replaces Joseph Pararajasingham)
Raseen Mohammed Imam, from 5 February 2008 (replaces M. K. Eelaventhan)
Total | 633,654 | 6.84% | 22 | 75.96% |
Source:"Parliamentary General Election 2004, Final District Results". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.

## 2010 Parliamentary General Election

[edit]

In the 8 April 2010 parliamentary election in which the United People's Freedom Alliance alliance led by President Rajapaksa retained power, the Tamil National People's Front led by Gajendrakumar Ponnambalam won 0.09% of the popular vote and no seats in the Sri Lankan parliament.

Votes and seats won by TNPF by electoral district

Electoral
District | Votes | % | Seats | Turnout | TNPF MPs

|
|
|
|
|

Jaffna | 6,362 | 4.28% | 0 | 23.33% |
Trincomalee | 1,182 | 0.85% | 0 | 62.20% |
Total | 7,544 | 0.09% | 0 | 61.26% |
Source:"Parliamentary General Election – 2010". Department of Elections, Sri Lanka.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ November 1948 Archived January 19, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, Peace and Conflict Timeline
2. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1947, Department of Elections
3. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1952, Department of Elections
4. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1956, Department of Elections
5. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1960-03-19, Department of Elections
6. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1960-07-20, Department of Elections
7. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1965, Department of Elections
8. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 1970, Department of Elections
9. ^ Result of Parliamentary General Election 10.10.2000, Department of Elections

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