Anadoluhisarı

Fortress in Istanbul, Turkey

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Anadoluhisarı

Anadoluhisarı, Istanbul, Turkey

Anadoluhisarı as seen from the water

Anadoluhisarı

Coordinates| 41°04′55″N 29°04′01″E﻿ / ﻿41.081944°N 29.066944°E﻿ / 41.081944; 29.066944
Type| Fortress
Site history
Built| 1394
Built by| Bayezid I

Anadoluhisarı (English: Anatolian Fortress), known historically as Güzelce Hisar ("the Beauteous Fortress"[1]) is a medieval Ottoman fortress located in Istanbul, Turkey on the Anatolian (Asian) side of the Bosporus. The complex is the oldest surviving Turkish architectural structure built in Istanbul, and further gives its name to the neighborhood around it in the city's Beykoz district.

## History[edit]

Anadoluhisarı was built between 1393 and 1394 on the commission of the Ottoman Sultan Bayezid I, as part of his preparations for a siege on the then-Byzantine city of Constantinople.

Constructed on an area of 7,000 square metres (1.7 acres), the fortress is situated at the narrowmost point of the Bosporus, where the strait is a mere 660 meters (2,170 ft) wide. The site is bound by Göksu (Ancient Greek: Aretòs) creek to the south, and was previously home to the ruins of a Roman temple dedicated to Uranus.[2] Erected primarily as a watch fort, the citadel has a 25 meters (82 ft) tall, quadratic main tower within the walls of an irregular pentagon, with five watchtowers at the corners.

Constantinople was blockaded from 1394 on, but Bayezid's campaign was first interrupted by the Crusade of Nicopolis, and then ended with his defeat at the Battle of Ankara. An 11-year civil war followed, which ended with the ascent of Mehmed I to the throne. His grandson, Sultan Mehmed II reinforced the fortress with a two-meter-thick wall and three additional watchtowers, and added further extensions, including a warehouse and living quarters. As part of his plans to launch a renewed military campaign to conquer Constantinople, Mehmed II further built a sister structure to Anadoluhisarı across the Bosphorus called Rumelihisarı. The two fortresses worked in tandem in 1453 to throttle all maritime traffic along the Bosphorus, thus helping the Ottomans achieve their goal of making the city of Constantinople (later renamed Istanbul) their new imperial capital.

After the Ottoman conquest of the city, Anadoluhisarı served as a customs house and military prison, and after several centuries, fell into disrepair.

After the fall of the Ottomans and the 1923 establishment of the Republic of Turkey, the newly created Turkish Ministry of Culture tended to and ultimately restored the site in 1991–1993. Today, Anadoluhisarı lends a picturesque appearance to its corner of the Bosphorus alongside the timber yalı homes that define the neighborhood, and functions as a historical site, although it is not open to the public. The latest restoration was conducted by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality which started in 2021.[3][4][5]

## Gallery[edit]

* Anadoluhisarı from a postcard dated 1901

* Local street view of the neighborhood of the same name

* The castle as seen from the coast

* The castle amidst the traditional Istanbul waterside mansions known as yalı

* Anadoluhisarı as seen from Bosphorus strait

## See also[edit]

* Rumelihisarı
* Yedikule Fortress
* Conquest of Constantinople
* Ottoman architecture

## Notes[edit]

* Architectural Museum (in Turkish)
* Principals of Ottoman fort architecture (in Turkish)

## References[edit]

1. ^ Finkel, Caroline (2006). Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire 1300-1923. New York: Basic Books. p. 24\. ISBN 978-0-465-02397-4.
2. ^ Ahmet Muhtar Paşa (1902). Feth-i Celil-i Konstantiniye. Bedir Press. p. 21.
3. ^ "Anadolu Hisarı, restorasyonu tamamlanınca kültür merkezine dönüşecek". www.aa.com.tr. Retrieved 2022-03-16.
4. ^ UYSAL/İSTANBUL, (DHA), Oğuzhan. "38 kişiyi 100 bin TL dolandırdı... ATM'deki akılalmaz olay: Suçüstü yakalandı". www.hurriyet.com.tr (in Turkish). Retrieved 2022-03-16.
5. ^ "Kurumsal". www.ibb.istanbul. Retrieved 2022-03-16.

## External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anadolu Hisarı.

* Pictures of the fortress

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Neighbourhoods of Beykoz District

* Acarlar
* Akbaba
* Alibahadır
* Anadoluhisarı
* Anadolukavağı
* Anadolufeneri
* Baklacı
* Beykoz Merkez
* Bozhane
* Çamlıbahçe
* Çengeldere
* Çiftlik
* Çiğdem
* Çubuklu
* Cumhuriyet
* Dereseki
* Elmalı
* Fatih
* Göksu
* Göllü
* Görele
* Göztepe
* Gümüşsuyu
* İncirköy
* İshaklı
* Kanlıca
* Kavacık
* Kaynarca
* Kılıçlı
* Mahmutşevketpaşa
* Öğümce
* Örnekköy
* Ortaçeşme
* Paşabahçe
* Paşamandıra
* Polonezköy
* Poyrazköy
* Riva
* Rüzgarlıbahçe
* Soğuksu
* Tokatköy
* Yalıköy
* Yavuz Selim
* Yeni Mahalle
* Zerzavatçı

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Castles in Turkey

* Afyonkarahisar Castle
* Akçakoca Castle
* Alanya Castle
* Alara Castle
* Amasra Fortress
* Amasya Castle
* Anadoluhisarı
* Anavarza Castle
* Ankara Castle
* Babakale Castle
* Bagras Castle
* Belenkeşlik Castle
* Bodrum Castle
* Bodrumkale Castle
* Bolaman Castle
* Boyabat Castle
* Bozcaada Castle
* Cemilli Castle
* Çandarlı Castle
* Çandır Castle
* Çeşme Castle
* Dağlı Castle
* Diyarbakır Fortress
* Eğirdir Castle
* Foça Castle
* Gaziantep Castle
* Gömeç Kulesi
* Gözne Castle
* Güvercinada Castle
* Harput Castle
* Harran Castle
* Hebilli Castle
* Hemite Castle
* Hisarın Castle
* Hoşap Castle
* İbrahim Pasha Casemates
* Kadifekale
* Kahramanmaraş Castle
* Kalepark
* Karacahisar Castle
* Karaman Castle
* Kara Castle
* Kars Castle
* Kastamonu Castle
* Kayseri Castle
* Kaysun
* Kevgürk Castle
* Kızıl Tower
* Kiz Kulesi
* Kızkalesi
* Kızlar Kalesi
* Kol Kalesi
* Koz Castle
* Kozan Castle
* Kuzucubelen Castle
* Loulon
* Mamure Castle
* Mancınık Castle
* Mardin Castle
* Marmaris Castle
* Meydan Castle
* Meydancık Castle
* Mut Castle
* Namrun Castle
* Pertek Castle
* Ravendel
* Riva Castle
* Rize Castle
* Roche de Roissel
* Roche-Guillaume
* Rumelihisari
* Rumkale
* Samsun Castle
* Sarvandikar
* Silifke Castle
* Sinap Castle
* Sinop Fortress
* Softa Castle
* Şanlıurfa Castle
* Şavşat Castle
* Şeytan Castle
* Şile Castle
* Tece Castle
* Tekkadın Castle
* Tokat Castle
* Tokmar Castle
* Toprakkale
* Trabzon Castle
* Trapessac
* Turbessel
* Yaka Castle
* Van Castle
* Yelbiz Castle
* Yeniyurt Castle
* Yılankale
* Yoros Castle
* Zerzevan Castle
* Zilkale

* v
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Museums in Istanbul

Archaeology and history museums|

* Istanbul Archaeology Museums
* Museum of the Ancient Orient
* Great Palace Mosaic Museum

Castles|

* Anadoluhisarı
* Rumelihisarı
* Yedikule Fortress

Culture and art museums|

* Ara Güler Museum
* Doğançay Museum
* Istanbul Contemporary Art Museum
* İstanbul Modern
* İstanbul State Art and Sculpture Museum
* Pera Museum
* Rezan Has Museum
* SantralIstanbul
* Sakıp Sabancı Museum
* Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum
* Sadberk Hanım Museum
* Elgiz Museum
* Museum of Turkish Calligraphy Art
* Museum of World Costumes
* Madame Tussauds Istanbul

Historic house museums|

* Adam Mickiewicz Museum, Istanbul
* Aşiyan Museum
* Atatürk Museum
* Florya Atatürk Marine Mansion
* İsmet İnönü House Museum

Literary museums|

* Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar Literature Museum Library
* Hüseyin Rahmi Gürpınar Museum
* Orhan Kemal Literature Museum
* Piyer Loti Museum
* Sait Faik Abasıyanık Museum

Military museums|

* Aviation Museum
* Military Museum
* Naval Museum

Palaces and pavilions|

* Aynalıkavak Pavilion
* Beylerbeyi Palace
* Dolmabahçe Palace
* Ihlamur Pavilion
* Küçüksu Pavilion
* Maslak Pavilion
* Tiled Kiosk
* Topkapı Palace
* Yıldız Palace

Religious museums|

* Chora Church
* Galata Mevlevi House Museum [tr]
* Hagia Sophia
* Jewish Museum of Turkey
* Pammakaristos Church

Science and technology museums|

* Camera Museum
* Hasanpaşa Gasworks
* Museum of the History of Science and Technology in Islam
* Kandilli Earthquake Museum
* Kandilli Earthquake Museum
* Rahmi M. Koç Museum
* SantralIstanbul Energy Museum
* Postal Museum
* Railway Museum
* Istanbul Zoology Museum
* ITU Science Center
* Natural History Museum of İhsan Ketin

Miscellaneous|

* The Museum of Innocence
* Bakırköy Psychiatric Hospital Museum
* Fenerbahçe Museum
* Galatasaray Museum
* İstanbul Toy Museum
* Istanbul UFO Museum
* İşbank Museum
* MSA Gastronomy Museum
* Museum of Illumination and Heating Appliances
* Museum of the Princes' Islands
* TGC Press Media Museum
* Women's Museum İstanbul

Authority control databases |

* İslâm Ansiklopedisi

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