Anarchism in Algeria

Part of a series on

Anarchism

* Glossary
* History
* Outline

Schools of thought

* Black
* Feminist
* Green
* Primitivist
* Social ecology
* Total liberation
* Individualist
* Egoist
* Market
* Philosophical
* Mutualist
* Queer
* Religious
* Christian
* Jewish
* Social
* Collectivist
* Parecon
* Communist
* Magonism
* Without adjectives

Methodology

* Counter-economics
* Illegalism
* Insurrectionary
* Pacifist
* Platformism
* Relationship
* Syndicalist
* Synthesis

* Theory and practice

* Anarchy
* Anarchist Black Cross
* Anarchist criminology
* Anationalism
* Anti-authoritarianism
* Anti-capitalism
* Anti-militarism
* Affinity group
* Autonomous social center
* Black bloc
* Classless society
* Class struggle
* Consensus decision-making
* Conscientious objector
* Critique of work
* Decentralization
* Deep ecology
* Direct action
* Free love
* Freethought
* Horizontalidad
* Individualism
* Law
* Mutual aid
* Participatory politics
* Permanent autonomous zone
* Prefigurative politics
* Proletarian internationalism
* Propaganda of the deed
* Refusal of work
* Revolution
* Rewilding
* Sabotage
* Security culture
* Self-ownership
* Social ecology
* Sociocracy
* Somatherapy
* Spontaneous order
* Squatting
* Temporary autonomous zone
* Union of egoists
* Voluntary association
* Workers' council

People

* Alston
* Armand
* Ba
* Bakunin
* Berkman
* Bonanno
* Bookchin
* Bourdin
* Chomsky
* Cleyre
* Day
* Durruti
* Ellul
* Ervin
* Faure
* Ferrer
* Feyerabend
* Giovanni
* Godwin
* Goldman
* González Prada
* Graeber
* Guillaume
* He-Yin
* Kanno
* Kōtoku
* Kropotkin
* Landauer
* Liu
* Magón
* Makhno
* Maksimov
* Malatesta
* Mett
* Michel
* Most
* Parsons
* Pi i Margall
* Pouget
* Proudhon
* Raichō
* Reclus
* Rocker
* Santillán
* Spooner
* Stirner
* Thoreau
* Tolstoy
* Tucker
* Volin
* Ward
* Warren
* Yarchuk
* Zerzan

Issues

* Animal rights
* Capitalism
* Education
* Love and sex
* Nationalism
* Religion
* Violence

History

* French Revolution
* Revolutions of 1848
* Spanish Regional Federation of the IWA
* Paris Commune
* Hague Congress
* Cantonal rebellion
* Haymarket affair
* Trial of the Thirty
* International Conference of Rome
* Ferrer movement
* Strandzha Commune
* Congress of Amsterdam
* Tragic Week
* High Treason Incident
* Manifesto of the Sixteen
* German Revolution of 1918–1919
* Bavarian Soviet Republic
* 1919 United States bombings
* Biennio Rosso
* Kronstadt rebellion
* Makhnovshchina
* Amakasu Incident
* Alt Llobregat insurrection
* Anarchist insurrection of January 1933
* Anarchist insurrection of December 1933
* Spanish Revolution of 1936
* Barcelona May Days
* Red inverted triangle
* Labadie Collection
* Provo
* May 1968
* Kate Sharpley Library
* Carnival Against Capital
* 1999 Seattle WTO protests
* Really Really Free Market
* Occupy movement

Culture

* A las Barricadas
* Anarchist bookfair
* Anarcho-punk
* Anarchy in the U.K.
* Architecture
* Arts
* DIY ethic
* Escuela Moderna
* Films
* Freeganism
* Infoshop
* Independent Media Center
* The Internationale
* Lifestylism
* May Day
* "No gods, no masters"
* Popular education
* "Property is theft!"
* Radical cheerleading
* Radical environmentalism
* Self-managed social center
* Symbolism

Economics

* Communization
* Cooperative
* Cost the limit of price
* Decentralized planned economy
* Free association
* General strike
* Gift economy
* Give-away shop
* Labor voucher
* Market socialism
* Mutual bank
* Mutual credit
* Social ownership
* Wage slavery
* Workers' self-management

By region

* Africa
* Albania
* Algeria
* Andorra
* Argentina
* Armenia
* Australia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Bangladesh
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bolivia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Brazil
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* Chile
* China
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Croatia
* Cuba
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* Egypt
* El Salvador
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* French Guiana
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Guatemala
* Hong Kong
* Hungary
* Iceland
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Ireland
* Israel
* Italy
* Japan
* Korea
* Latvia
* Malaysia
* Mexico
* Monaco
* Mongolia
* Morocco
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Nicaragua
* Nigeria
* Norway
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Singapore
* South Africa
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Syria (DAANES)
* Taiwan
* Timor-Leste
* Tunisia
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* United States (Puerto Rico)
* Uruguay
* Venezuela
* Vietnam

Lists

* Anarcho-punk bands
* Books
* Fictional characters
* Films
* Jewish anarchists
* Musicians
* Periodicals

Related topics

* Anarcho-capitalism
* Anti-corporatism
* Anti-consumerism
* Anti-fascism
* Anti-globalization
* Anti-statism
* Anti-war movement
* Autarchism
* Autonomism
* Communism
* Definition of anarchism and libertarianism
* Dual power
* IWA
* Labour movement
* Left communism
* Left-libertarianism
* Libertarianism
* Libertarian socialism
* Marxism
* National-anarchism
* Relationship between Friedrich Nietzsche and Max Stirner
* Situationist International
* Socialism
* Spontaneous order

* Anarchism portal
* Libertarianism portal
* Philosophy portal
* Politics portal
* Socialism portal

* v
* t
* e

Anarchism in Algeria refers to the situation of the anarchist movement and anarchist-related subjects in Algeria.

It mainly concerns the history of the anarchism movement during and after French colonization in Algeria.

## The colonial period

[edit]

According to the French historian Gilbert Meynier: "The anticolonialist antecedents of French anarchism do not really make it possible to distinguish it, from the rest of the workers' movement in the colonies. It would be wrong to think that the anarchist tradition was quite anticolonialist. If activists claiming in any way the libertarian / anarchist current could have anti-colonialist positions, it was mainly through antimilitarism or defense, general and global, the oppressed."[1]

As early as the end of the 19th century, numerous groups of political activists (emigrants or exiles of European origin) claimed to be anarchist. Despite their desire to promote anarchism to the entire population of Algeria, the anarchist movement was predominantly European. Article writers, as well as subscribers of the libertarian press, were in their vast majority Europeans from Algeria. It was not until the 1920s that activists of Algerian Arab and Berber origin joined the movement.[2]

### The libertarian press

[edit]

The first anarchist newspaper, Revolutionary Action, was published in Algiers in 1887.[3] Élisée Reclus participated in anarchist attempts in Algeria to try to found a local labor movement. At that time, some libertarians sympathized with emigrating to Africa for the purpose of "revolutionary propaganda".[4] Over the decades numerous publications emerged printing a variety of anarchist viewpoints, including translations of Peter Kropotkin's works. By 1890, anarchist groups were publishing newspapers and holding public meetings in Algiers, Bab El Oued, Boufarik and Mustapha. These groups refused to send delegates to the Algerian Socialist Congress of 1901, instead standing for the creation of a revolutionary Committee with a single objective: "the Social Revolution".[2]

In 1894, during the repression of January and February 1894, the crackdown extended to anarchists in Algeria, Paul Régnier, Jules Xixonnet, and other companions were arrested after protesting the police raid on the anarchist colony of Tarzout.[5]

Sail Mohamed, an Algerian anarcho-syndicalist and foreign volunteer in the Durruti Column during the Spanish Civil War.

In 1923, the "Libertarian Federation of North Africa" and its newspaper, Le Flambeau, was established by Algerian anarchists to coordinate Maghrebi libertarians in one and the same political organisation: "Le Flambeau has the ambition to unite all the anarchist comrades, scattered on all sides of our region, in the young and lively anarchist federation of northern French Africa and intensify anarchist propaganda more than ever".[2]

### Anti-colonialism among French anarchists

[edit]

The French anarcho-syndicalist Émilie Busquant is commonly credited with creating the first copy of the Flag of Algeria.[6] The anarchist Pierre Morain was also the first person from France to be arrested for publicly supporting the cause of Algerian independence.[7]

## See also

[edit]

* Category:Algerian anarchists
* List of anarchist movements by region
* Anarchism in Africa
* Anarchism in France
* Anarchism in Morocco
* Anarchism in Tunisia

## References

[edit]

1. ^ French Anarchists and the Algerian War
2. ^ a b c Philippe Bouba, Le mouvement anarchiste en Algérie de 1887 à 1926 : presse de propagande et de combat, activités militantes et positions politiques face au fait colonial], Université d'Oran Es-Sénia, CRASC, Université de Perpignan, CRHiSM, 2011
3. ^ René Bianco, ed. (1897). "L'Action révolutionnaire". 100 ans de presse anarchiste (in French). ISSN 2120-1994. OCLC 473029141.
4. ^ Ferretti, Federico (2012). "Esclaves libérés et vols d'histoire: la géographie d'Élisée Reclus et l'Afrique subsaharienne". Elisée - Revista de Geografia da Ueg. Elisée - Revista de Geografia, Université de Genève (in French). 1 (2): 8. OCLC 835144391.
5. ^ Bouba, Philippe (2014-12-17). L'Anarchisme en situation coloniale : le cas de l'Algérie. Organisations, militants et presse (1887-1962) (phdthesis thesis) (in French). Université de Perpignan ; Université Oran 1 (Algérie). p. 45.
6. ^ "Emilie Busquant, la plus algérienne des Françaises". Le Monde.fr (in French). 2015-01-26. Retrieved 2023-04-28.
7. ^ "MORAIN, Pierre - [Dictionnaire international des militants anarchistes]". militants-anarchistes.info. Retrieved 2023-04-28.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Desnivic, Michael; Dhirem-Kasper., Habiba (2 November 2017). "Echoes of the Free Commune of Barbacha [Original title is "Échos de la commune libre de Barbacha" in Article 11, 2014.]". The Anarchist Library. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
* Wolfi Landstreicher (1 December 2002). "Insurrection in Algeria, Willful Disobedience , Vol. 4, No. 1 December 2002". The Anarchist Library. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
* Porter, David (2011). Eyes to the South : French Anarchists and Algeria. Oakland, CA: AK Press. ISBN 978-1-84935-076-1. LCCN 2011936327. OCLC 886581899.

* v
* t
* e

Anarchism by region

Africa|

* Algeria
* Egypt
* Morocco
* Nigeria
* South Africa
* Tunisia

Asia|

* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bangladesh
* China
* Hong Kong
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Korea
* Malaysia
* Mongolia
* Philippines
* Singapore
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Timor-Leste
* Turkey
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Austria
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Latvia
* Monaco
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

North America|

* Canada
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominican Republic
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* United States
* Puerto Rico

Oceania|

* Australia
* New Zealand

South America|

* Argentina
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Chile
* Colombia
* Ecuador
* French Guiana
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Individualist anarchism|

* Europe
* United States

* v
* t
* e

Anarchism in Africa

Sovereign states|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Cape Verde
* Central African Republic
* Chad
* Comoros
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eritrea
* Eswatini
* Ethiopia
* Gabon
* The Gambia
* Ghana
* Guinea
* Guinea-Bissau
* Ivory Coast
* Kenya
* Lesotho
* Liberia
* Libya
* Madagascar
* Malawi
* Mali
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Morocco
* Mozambique
* Namibia
* Niger
* Nigeria
* Rwanda
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Senegal
* Seychelles
* Sierra Leone
* Somalia
* South Africa
* South Sudan
* Sudan
* Tanzania
* Togo
* Tunisia
* Uganda
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe

States with limited
recognition

* Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
* Somaliland

Dependencies and
other territories

* Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla (Spain)
* Madeira (Portugal)
* Mayotte / Réunion (France)
* Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom)

Portal:

* Anarchism

* v
* t
* e

Algeria articles

History|

* Prehistory
* Classical period (Antiquity)
* Algeria in the Middle Ages
* Ottoman regency
* French rule
* Nationalism and popular resistance
* World War II
* War of Independence
* 1965 coup d'état
* 1967 coup attempt
* 1962–1999
* 1992 coup d'état
* Civil War
* 2000s
* Arab Spring
* Hirak Movement

Geography|

* Borders
* Cities
* Districts
* Earthquakes
* Ecoregions
* Municipalities (communes)
* National parks
* Provinces
* Rivers
* Volcanoes
* Wildlife

Politics|

* Cabinet
* Constitution
* Council of the Nation
* Elections
* Foreign relations
* Human rights
* LGBTQ
* Law enforcement
* Military
* Chief of Staff
* People's National Assembly
* Parliament
* Political parties
* President
* Prime Minister

Economy|

* Bank of Algeria
* Companies
* Dinar (currency)
* Energy
* Health
* Mining
* Taxation
* Telecommunications
* Tourism
* Trade unions
* Transport

Society|

* Demographics
* Education
* Ethnic groups
* Languages
* List of Algerians
* Public holidays
* Squatting
* Women

Culture|

* Cuisine
* Cinema
* Flag
* Football
* Literature
* Mass media
* films
* Music
* Religion
* Sport
* Symbols

* Outline
* Index

* Category
* Portal

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template