Andean rat

Species of rodent

Andean rat

Conservation status

Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)[1]

Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Mammalia
Order:  | Rodentia
Family:  | Cricetidae
Subfamily:  | Sigmodontinae
Genus:  | Lenoxus
Thomas, 1909
Species:  |

L. apicalis

Binomial name
Lenoxus apicalis

(J.A. Allen, 1900)[1][2]

Synonyms

* Oxymycterus apicalis J.A. Allen, 1900[2]

The Andean rat (Lenoxus apicalis), or white-tailed akodont,[2] is the only species in the genus Lenoxus. It is a rodent in the tribe Akodontini found on the eastern slopes of the Andes of eastern Peru and western Bolivia. Examination of its genome shows that this species is not closely related to Oxymycterus as had previously been thought, but is quite distinct, having diverged from the other Akodontini soon after the basal radiation of the entire group.[3]

## Description

[edit]

The Andean rat is a medium-sized species, with a tail as long as or rather longer than its head-and-body length. The head has a rather long but broadly-based snout and exposed, small, sparsely-haired ears. The dorsal surface of the body is blackish suffused with grey, and the flanks are paler grey. The underparts are greyish-brown, tinged with buff. The tail is greyish-brown both above and underneath, and is sparsely-haired, with numerous small scales. The terminal quarter of the tail is white and is very distinctive. The upper surfaces of the feet are grey, which contrasts with the white toes.[2]

## Distribution and habitat

[edit]

The Andean rat is endemic to the eastern slopes of the Andes, its range including southern Peru and northern Bolivia. It occurs in montane and cloud forest at altitudes between 1,500 and 2,500 m (4,900 and 8,200 ft).[2]

## Ecology

[edit]

The natural history of this species is poorly known. Specimens in Peru were trapped in runways among thick ferns and moss-covered tree roots, while in Bolivia they were trapped in somewhat drier, less dense forest.[2]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Dunnum, J.; Bernal, N.; Zeballos, H.; Vivar, E. (2016). "Lenoxus apicalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T11500A22359324. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T11500A22359324.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
2. ^ a b c d e f Alfred L., Gardner; James L., Patton; Ulyses F. J., Pardiñas; Guillermo, D'Ela (2015). Mammals of South America. Vol. 2: Rodents. University of Chicago Press. pp. 231–232. ISBN 978-0-226-16957-6.
3. ^ Patton, J.L.; Myers, P.; Smith, Margaret F. (1989). "Electromorphic variation in selected South American akodontine rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae), with comments on systematic implications" (PDF). Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde. 54: 347–359.

* Andrew Duff and Ann Lawson (2004). Mammals of the World: A checklist. A & C Black. ISBN 071366021X.

* v
* t
* e

Myomorpha

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Mammalia
* Order: Rodentia

Myomorpha

| †Anomalomyidae|

* Anomalomys
* Anomalospalax
* Prospalax

|

Dipodoidea|

* †Aksyiromys
* †Banyuesminthus
* †Elmymys
* †Primisminthus
* †Simiacritomys

Dipodidae|

| Allactaginae|

* Allactaga
* Allactodipus
* Pygeretmus
* Scarturus

|

Cardiocraniinae|

* Cardiocranius
* Salpingotulus
* Salpingotus

Dipodinae|

| Dipodini|

* Dipus
* Eremodipus
* Jaculus
* Stylodipus

|

Paradipodini|

* Paradipus

Euchoreutinae|

* Euchoreutes

†Simimyidae|

* Nonomys
* Simimys

Sminthidae|

* †Allosminthus
* †Gobiosminthus
* †Heosminthus
* †Heterosminthus
* †Lophocricetus
* †Macrognathomys
* †Megasminthus
* †Miosicista
* †Paraminthus
* †Schaubemys
* †Shamosminthus
* Sicista
* †Sinosminthus
* †Tyrannomys

Zapodidae|

* Eozapus
* †Javazapus
* Napaeozapus
* †Pliozapus
* †Sinozapus
* †Sminthozapus
* Zapus

Muroidea|

| †Armintomyidae|

* Armintomys

|

Platacanthomyidae|

* †Neocometes
* Platacanthomys
* Typhlomys

Spalacidae|

| Myospalacinae|

* Eospalax
* Myospalax
* †Pliosiphneus

|

Rhizomyinae|

* †Brachyrhizomys
* Cannomys
* Rhizomys
* Tachyoryctes

Spalacinae|

* Nannospalax
* Spalax

Eumuroida|

*     * See below↓

Eumuroida

| Calomyscidae|

* Calomyscus

|

Cricetidae|

* †Copemys
* †Eumys
* †Wilsoneumys

Arvicolinae|

| Arvicolini|

* Arvicola
* †Mimomys

|

Clethrionomyini|

* †Allophaiomys
* †Altaiomys
* Alticola
* †Borsodia
* Caryomys
* Clethrionomys
* Craseomys
* Eothenomys
* †Pitymimomys
* †Prolagurus

Dicrostonychini|

* Dicrostonyx
* †Predicrostonyx

Ellobiusini|

* Bramus
* Ellobius

Lagurini|

* Eolagurus
* Lagurus

Lemmini|

* Lemmus
* Myopus
* †Plioctomys
* Synaptomys
* †Tobienia

Microtini|

* Alexandromys
* Chionomys
* Hyperacrius
* Lasiopodomys
* Lemmiscus
* Microtus
* Mictomicrotus
* Neodon
* Proedromys
* Stenocranius
* Volemys

Ondatrini|

* †Cosomys
* Neofiber
* †Ogmodontomys
* Ondatra

Pliophenacomyini|

* Arborimus
* Phenacomys

Pliomyini|

* Dinaromys
* †Pliomys

Cricetinae|

* Allocricetulus
* †Apocricetus
* Cansumys
* †Collimys
* †Cricetinus
* †Cricetulodon
* Cricetulus
* Cricetus
* Mesocricetus
* †Neocricetodon
* Nothocricetulus
* Phodopus
* †Rotundomys
* †Symmetrodontomys
* Tscherskia

†Democricetodontinae|

* Democricetodon
* Karydomys
* Spanocricetodon

Neotominae|

* †Protorepomys
* †Tsaphanomys

Baiomyini|

* Baiomys
* Scotinomys

Neotomini|

* Hodomys
* Nelsonia
* Neotoma
* Xenomys

Ochrotomyini|

* Ochrotomys

Reithrodontomyini|

* Habromys
* Isthmomys
* Megadontomys
* Neotomodon
* Onychomys
* Osgoodomys
* Peromyscus
* Podomys
* Reithrodontomys

Sigmodontinae|

* †Cordimus
* Juliomys
* †Megaoryzomys

Oryzomyalia|

| Abrotrichini|

* Abrothrix
* Chlelemys
* Geoxus
* Notiomys

|

Akodontini|

* Akodon
* Bibimys
* Blarinomys
* Brucepattersonius
* Deltamys
* Juscelinomys
* Kunsia
* Lenoxus
* Necromys
* Neomicroxus
* Oxymycterus
* Podoxymys
* Scapteromys
* Thalpomys
* Thaptomys

Ozyzomyini|

* Aegialomys
* Amphinectomys
* Cerradomys
* Drymoreomys
* Eremoryzomys
* Euryoryzomys
* Handleyomys
* Holochilus
* Hylaeamys
* Lundomys
* †Megalomys
* Melanomys
* Microakodontomys
* Microryzomys
* Mindomys
* Neacomys
* Nectomys
* Nephelomys
* Nesoryzomys
* Noronhomys
* Oecomys
* Oligoryzomys
* Oreoryzomys
* Oryzomys
* Pseudoryzomys
* Scolomys
* Sigmodontomys
* Sooretamys
* Tanyuromys
* Transandinomys
* Zygodontomys

Phyllotini|

* Andalgalomys
* Andinomys
* Auliscomys
* Calassomys
* Calomys
* Chinchillula
* Eligmodontia
* Euneomys
* Galenomys
* Graomys
* †Ichthyurodon
* Irenomys
* Loxodontomys
* Neotomys
* †Olympicomys
* Phyllotis
* Punomys
* Reithrodon
* Salinomys
* †Tafimys
* Tapecomys

Thomasomyini|

* Abrawayaomys
* Aepeomys
* Chilomys
* Delomys
* Phaenomys
* Rhagomys
* Rhipidomys
* Thomasomys
* Wilfredomys

Wiedomyini|

* †Cholomys
* Wiedomys

Sigmodontalia|

| Ichthyomyini|

* Anotomys
* Chibchanomys
* Daptomys
* Ichthyomys
* Neusticomys
* Rheomys

|

Sigmodontini|

* †Prosigmodon
* Sigmodon

Tylomyinae|

| Nyctomyini|

* Nyctomys
* Ototylomys

|

Tylomyini|

* Otonyctomys
* Tylomys

Muridae|

| Deomyinae|

* Acomys
* Deomys
* Lophuromys
* Uranomys

|

Gerbillinae|

* Ammodillus

Desmodilliscini|

* Desmodilliscus
* Pachyuromys

Gerbillini|

* Brachiones
* Dipodillus
* Gerbillus
* Meriones
* Microdillus
* Psammomys
* Rhombomys
* Sekeetamys

Gerbillurini|

* Desmodillus
* Gerbilliscus
* Gerbillurus
* Tatera

Taterillini|

* Taterillus

Leimacomyinae|

* Leimacomys

Lophiomyinae|

* Lophiomys

Murinae|

* †Alormys
* †Coryphomys
* Hadromys
* †Hoojieromys
* †Milimonggamys
* †Rakasamys
* †Spelaeomys
* Vernaya

Apodemini|

* Apodemus
* †Rhagamys
* Tokudaia

Arvicanthini|

* Aethomys
* Arvicanthis
* †Canariomys
* Dasymys
* Dephomys
* Desmomys
* Golunda
* Grammomys
* Hybomys
* Lamottemys
* Lemniscomys
* †Malpaisomys
* Micaelamys
* Mylomys
* Oenomys
* †Parapelomys
* Pelomys
* Rhabdomys
* †Saharamys
* †Saidomys
* Stochomys
* Thallomys
* Thamnomys
* Typomys

Hapalomyini|

* Hapalomys

Hydromyini|

* Anisomys
* Apomys
* Archboldomys
* Baiyankamys
* Brassomys
* Chiropodomys
* Chiruromys
* Chrotomys
* Coccymys
* Conilurus
* Crossomys
* Haeromys
* Hydromys
* Hyomys
* Leggadina
* Leporillus
* Leptomys
* Lorentzimys
* Macruromys
* Mallomys
* Mastacomys
* Melomys
* Mesembriomys
* Microhydromys
* Mirzamys
* Notomys
* Parahydromys
* Paraleptomys
* Paramelomys
* Pogonomys
* Protochromys
* Pseudohydromys
* Pseudomys
* Rhynchomys
* Solomys
* Soricomys
* Uromys
* Xeromys
* Zyzomys

Malacomyini|

* Malacomys

Millardini|

* Cremnomys
* Diomys
* Madromys
* Millardia
* Pithecheir
* Pithecheirops

Murini|

* Mus

Otomyini|

* Myotomys
* Otomys
* Parotomys

Phloeomyini|

* Batomys
* Carpomys
* Crateromys
* Musseromys
* Phloeomys

Praomyini|

* Chingawaemys
* Colomys
* Congomys
* Heimyscus
* Hylomyscus
* Mastomys
* Montemys
* Myomyscus
* Nilopegamys
* Ochromyscus
* Praomys
* Serengetimys
* Stenocephalemys
* Zelotomys

Rattini|

* Abditomys
* Anonymomys
* Bandicota
* Berylmys
* Bullimus
* Bunomys
* Chiromyscus
* Crunomys
* Dacnomys
* Diplothrix
* Echiothrix
* Eropeplus
* Halmaheramys
* Hyorhinomys
* Kadarsanomys
* Komodomys
* Lenomys
* Lenothrix
* Leopoldamys
* Limnomys
* Margaretamys
* Maxomys
* Melasmothrix
* Micromys
* Nesokia
* Nesoromys
* Niviventer
* Papagomys
* Palawanomys
* Paruromys
* Paucidentomys
* Paulamys
* Rattus
* Saxatilomys
* Sommeromys
* Srilankamys
* Sundamys
* Taeromys
* Tarsomys
* Tateomys
* Tonkinomys
* Tryphomys
* Waiomys

Vandeleurini|

* Vandeleuria

†Pseudocricetodontinae|

* Adelomyarion
* Cincamyarion
* Heterocricetodon
* Latocricetodon
* Lignitella
* Kerosinia
* Oxynocricetodon
* Pseudocricetodon

Nesomyidae|

| Cricetomyinae|

* Beamys
* Cricetomys
* Saccostomus

|

Delanymyinae|

* Delanymys

Dendromurinae|

* Dendromus
* Dendroprionomys
* Malacothrix
* Megadendromus
* Prionomys
* Steatomys

Mystromyinae|

* Mystromys

Nesomyinae|

* Brachytarsomys
* Brachyuromys
* Eliurus
* Gymnuromys
* Hypogeomys
* Macrotarsomys
* Monticolomys
* Nesomys
* Voalavo

Petromyscinae|

* Petromyscus

Taxon identifiers

Lenoxus apicalis|

* Wikidata: Q309109
* Wikispecies: Lenoxus apicalis
* ADW: Lenoxus
* CoL: 6P949
* EoL: 1179920
* GBIF: 2438111
* iNaturalist: 45021
* IRMNG: 11209994
* ITIS: 633142
* IUCN: 11500
* MDD: 1002444
* MSW: 13000687
* NCBI: 29115
* Observation.org: 84342
* Open Tree of Life: 913878
* Paleobiology Database: 104893

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*[†]: Extinct