Anna of Trebizond, Queen of Georgia

Queen consort of Georgia

Anna Megale Komnene

Queen consort of Georgia
Tenure| June 1367- 1393

Born| 6 April 1357
Trebizond
(modern-day Trabzon, Turkey)
Died| After 1406
Spouse| King Bagrat V of Georgia
Issue| King Constantine I of Georgia
House| Komnenos
Father| Emperor Alexios III of Trebizond
Mother| Theodora Kantakouzene
Religion| Greek Orthodox

Anna Megale Komnene (Greek: Άννα Μεγάλη Κομνηνή, romanized: Anna Megalē Komnēnē; Georgian: ანა კომნენა; 6 April 1357 - after 30 November 1406) was a Trapezuntine Queen consort of Georgia as the second wife of King Bagrat V. She was the mother of his youngest son, Constantine I of Georgia, who would in 1407 succeed his half-brother, King George VII, and reign as king.

She was a member of the powerful Byzantine Greek Komnenos dynasty which was founded by Isaac I Komnenos in 1057.

## Family and betrothal[edit]

Emperor Alexios III of Trebizond and Theodora Kantakouzene, the parents of Anna of Trebizond

Anna was born in Trebizond on 6 April 1357, the day before Good Friday,[1] the eldest daughter and child of Emperor Alexios III of Trebizond and Theodora Kantakouzene.[2] She had two younger brothers, Basil and Manuel; and three younger sisters: Eudokia, Maria, and another whose name is not known; all three were later married to Muslim Turkmen rulers. Anna had also at least one illegitimate half-brother, Andronikos, by her father's liaison with an unnamed mistress.

In April 1362, a delegation that included megas logothetes George, the Scholaris, the Sebastos and the historian Michael Panaretos went to Constantinople, to negotiate her betrothal to Andronikos Palaiologos who would later rule as Byzantine Emperor Andronikos IV.[3] For unknown reasons, the betrothal was annulled, and another husband was later chosen for her.

## Queen of Georgia[edit]

In June 1367, at the age of 10 years and two months,[4] she became the second wife of King Bagrat V of Georgia, also known as Bagrat the Great. His first wife Helena had died the previous year of bubonic plague, leaving behind two sons.[5] Anna was accompanied to Georgia by her father and formidable paternal grandmother, Irene of Trebizond.

At an unknown date, sometime after 1369, Anna gave birth to a son, Constantine (died 1411/1412). He would later reign as King Constantine I of Georgia, succeeding his childless half-brother, King George VII in 1407. According to Cyril Toumanoff, Anna had two other children by Bagrat: Olympias and David.[6]

In November 1386, Tbilisi was besieged and captured by the invading forces of Mongol warlord Tamerlane; and she, along with her husband and son were taken prisoner.[7] As a means of securing their release, King Bagrat agreed to become a Muslim, and Tamerlane sent them back to Georgia with 20,000 Mongol troops. However, Prince George, her husband's son from his first marriage, was able to completely destroy the Mongol army and released the king and queen from captivity. In the end they didn't convert to Islam, although further battles were fought with Tamerlane before he allowed the kingdom of Georgia to remain Christian.

Anna's husband died in 1393; she died sometime after 1406.

## References[edit]

1. ^ In 1357, Easter fell on 9 April in both the Catholic and Orthodox Churches, giving a 7 April date for Good Friday
2. ^ Michael Panaretos, Chronicle, ch. 63. Greek text and English translation in Scott Kennedy, Two Works on Trebizond, Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library 52 (Cambridge: Harvard University, 2019), p. 31
3. ^ Panaretos, Chronicle, ch. 81. English translation in Kennedy, Two Works on Trebizond, p. 39
4. ^ Anthony Bryer, "Greeks and Turkmens: The Pontic Exception Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 29 (1975), p.148, nn.80, 141
5. ^ Cyril Toumanoff, "The Fifteenth-Century Bagratids and the Institution of Collegial Sovereignty in Georgia" Traditio, 7 (1949-1951), p. 171
6. ^ Toumanoff, "Fifteenth-Century Bagratids", p. 172
7. ^ Panaretos, Chronicle, ch. 105. English translation in Kennedy, Two Works on Trebizond, p. 55

## External links[edit]

Anna of Trebizond, Queen of Georgia

Komnenos dynasty

Born: 6 April 1357 Died: after 1406

Royal titles
Preceded by

Helena

|  Queen consort of Georgia
1367–1393  | Succeeded by

Nestan-Daredjan

* v
* t
* e

The Komnenoi of the Byzantine Empire and the Empire of Trebizond

1st generation|

* Nikephoros Komnenos
* Manuel Erotikos Komnenos

2nd generation|

* Isaac I Komnenos
* John Komnenos

3rd generation|

* Manuel Komnenos
* Isaac Komnenos
* Alexios I Komnenos
* Adrianos Komnenos
* Nikephoros Komnenos

4th generation|

* John Komnenos
* Alexios Komnenos
* Constantine Komnenos
* Adrianos/John IV, Archbishop of Ohrid
* Anna Komnene
* Maria Komnene
* John II Komnenos
* Andronikos Komnenos
* Isaac Komnenos
* Eudokia Komnene
* Theodora Komnene

5th generation|

* Alexios Komnenos
* Andronikos Komnenos
* Isaac Komnenos
* Manuel I Komnenos
* John Tzelepes Komnenos
* Andronikos I Komnenos

6th generation|

* John Doukas Komnenos
* Theodora Komnene, Duchess of Austria
* Alexios Komnenos
* Maria Komnene, Queen of Hungary
* Theodora Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem
* Maria Komnene
* Alexios II Komnenos
* Alexios Komnenos
* Manuel Komnenos
* John Komnenos
* Alexios Komnenos

7th generation|

* Maria Komnene, Queen of Jerusalem
* Theodora Komnene, Princess of Antioch
* David Komnenos
* Alexios I Megas Komnenos

8th generation|

* John I Axouchos
* Manuel I Megas Komnenos

9th generation|

* Andronikos II Megas Komnenos
* Theodora Megale Komnene
* George Megas Komnenos
* John II Megas Komnenos

10th generation|

* Alexios II Megas Komnenos
* Michael Megas Komnenos

11th generation|

* Andronikos III Megas Komnenos
* Basil Megas Komnenos
* Anna Anachoutlou
* John III Megas Komnenos

12th generation|

* Manuel II Megas Komnenos
* Alexios III Megas Komnenos

13th generation|

* Anna Megale Komnene, Queen of Georgia
* Manuel III Megas Komnenos
* Eudokia Megale Komnene, Lady of Sinop

14th generation|

* Alexios IV Megas Komnenos

15th generation|

* John IV Megas Komnenos
* Maria Megale Komnene, Byzantine Empress
* Alexander Megas Komnenos
* David Megas Komnenos

16th generation|

* Theodora Megale Komnene ("Despina Khatun")
* Alexios V Megas Komnenos

Uncertain generation|

* Eudokia Komnene, Lady of Montpellier

Related subjects|

* AIMA prophecy

Only male-line descendants who are independently notable are shown. Rulers and co-rulers are denoted in bold
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