Anti-nuclear organizations

Organizations opposing uranium mining, nuclear power, and/or nuclear weapons

Main article: Anti-nuclear movement

Anti-nuclear movement

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Anti-nuclear organizations may oppose uranium mining, nuclear power, and/or nuclear weapons. Anti-nuclear groups have undertaken public protests and acts of civil disobedience which have included occupations of nuclear plant sites. Some of the most influential groups in the anti-nuclear movement have had members who were elite scientists, including several Nobel Laureates and many nuclear physicists.[citation needed]

## Types of organizations

[edit]

Various types of organizations have identified themselves with the anti-nuclear movement:[1]

* direct action groups, such as the Clamshell Alliance and Shad Alliance;
* environmental groups, such as Friends of the Earth and Greenpeace;
* consumer protection groups, such as Ralph Nader's Critical Mass;
* professional organizations,[2] such as International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War; and
* political parties such as European Free Alliance.

Some of the most influential groups in the anti-nuclear movement have had members who were elite scientists, including several Nobel Laureates and many nuclear physicists. In the United States, these scientists have belonged primarily to three groups: the Union of Concerned Scientists, the Federation of American Scientists, and the Committee for Nuclear Responsibility.[3]

## Activities

[edit]

Anti-nuclear groups have undertaken public protests and acts of civil disobedience which have included occupations of nuclear plant sites. Other salient strategies have included lobbying, petitioning government authorities, influencing public policy through referendum campaigns and involvement in elections. Anti-nuclear groups have also tried to influence policy implementation through litigation and by participating in licensing proceedings.[4]

## International organizations

[edit]

* The ATOM Project, international nonprofit organization seeking entry into force of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty and the limitation of all nuclear arsenals.[5]
* Beyond Nuclear, international advocacy organization working for the abolition of nuclear power and nuclear weapons.
* European Nuclear Disarmament, held annual conventions in the 1980s involving thousands of anti-nuclear weapons activists mostly from Western Europe but also from Eastern Europe, the United States, and Australia.[6]
* Friends of the Earth International, a network of environmental organizations in 77 countries.[7]
* Global Zero, international non-partisan group of 300 world leaders dedicated to achieving the elimination of nuclear weapons.[8]
* Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism, international partnership of 83 nations.
* Greenpeace International, non-governmental environmental organization[9] with offices in over 41 countries and headquarters in Amsterdam, Netherlands.[10]
* International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
* International Network of Engineers and Scientists for Global Responsibility
* International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, had affiliates in 41 nations in 1985, representing 135,000 physicians;[6] IPPNW was awarded the UNESCO Peace Education Prize in 1984 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1985.[11]
* Nihon Hidankyo, was awarded the Noble Peace Prize in 2024
* Nuclear Free World Policy
* Nuclear Information and Resource Service
* OPANAL
* Parliamentarians for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament, global network of over 700 parliamentarians from more than 75 countries working to prevent nuclear proliferation.[12]
* Pax Christi International, Catholic group which took a "sharply anti-nuclear stand".[6]
* Ploughshares Fund
* Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs
* Socialist International, world body of social democratic parties.[13]
* Sōka Gakkai, a peace-orientated Buddhist organisation, which held anti-nuclear exhibitions in Japanese cities during the late 1970s, and gathered 10 million signatures on petitions calling for the abolition of nuclear weapons.[13][14]
* The Ribbon International, United Nations Non-Governmental Organization promoting nuclear disarmament.
* United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs
* World Constitution and Parliament Association
* World Constitution Coordinating Committee
* World Disarmament Campaign[13]
* World Information Service on Energy, based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands
* World Union for Protection of Life
* World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), calls for a complete phase-out of nuclear energy.[15]

## List of other organizations

[edit]

Many of these groups are listed at "Protest movements against nuclear energy" in Wolfgang Rudig (1990). Anti-nuclear Movements: A World Survey of Opposition to Nuclear Energy, Longman, pp. 381–403.

* Alliance for Nuclear Accountability
* Alliance for Nuclear Responsibility
* Arms Control Association
* Australian Conservation Foundation
* Bellona Foundation
* Campaign Against Nuclear Energy
* Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
* Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (NZ)
* Canadian Coalition for Nuclear Responsibility
* Canadian Voice of Women for Peace
* Christian CND
* Citizens' Nuclear Information Center
* Clamshell Alliance
* Coalition for Nuclear Power Postponement
* Committee for Non-Violent Action
* Committee for a Nuclear Free Island
* Committee for Nuclear Responsibility
* Council for a Livable World
* Critical Mass
* Cumbrians Opposed to a Radioactive Environment
* Don't Make a Wave Committee
* Earthlife Africa
* East Coast Solidarity for Anti-Nuke Group
* Economists for Peace and Security
* Energy Fair
* Energy Probe
* European Nuclear Disarmament
* Friends of the Earth (EWNI)
* Friends of the Earth Scotland
* Global Security Institute
* Greenpeace Aotearoa New Zealand
* Greenpeace Australia Pacific
* Institute for Energy and Environmental Research
* International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
* International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
* Koeberg Alert
* Labour CND
* Legambiente
* MEDACT
* Middle East Treaty Organization
* Musicians United for Safe Energy
* Natural Resources Defense Council
* Nevada Desert Experience
* Nevada Semipalatinsk
* New England Coalition
* No Nukes group
* No to Nuclear Weapons
* One Less Nuclear Power Plant
* Nuclear Age Peace Foundation
* Nuclear Consulting Group
* Nuclear Control Institute
* Nuclear Disarmament Party
* Nuclear Free World Policy
* Nuclear Threat Initiative
* Nuclear Watch South
* NukeWatch
* Operation Gandhi
* Peace Action
* Peace Boat
* Peace Organisation of Australia
* Pembina Institute
* People's Movement Against Nuclear Energy
* Performers and Artists for Nuclear Disarmament
* Physicians for Social Responsibility
* Plowshares Movement
* Public Citizen Energy Program
* Rocky Flats Truth Force
* Sayonara Nuclear Power Plants
* Scientists against Nuclear Arms
* Scottish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
* Seeds of hope
* Shad Alliance
* Sierra Club
* Sortir du nucléaire (Canada)
* Sortir du nucléaire (France)
* Stop Rokkasho
* The Seneca Women's Encampment for a Future of Peace and Justice
* The Wilderness Society (Australia)
* Top Level Group
* Trident Ploughshares
* Two Futures Project
* White House Peace Vigil
* Women from Fukushima Against Nukes
* Women Strike for Peace
* Women's Action for New Directions (WAND) previously called Women's Action for Nuclear Disarmament, forerunner organization: Women's Party for Survival
* Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
* World Nuclear Industry Status Report

## See also

[edit]

* Society portal
* Renewable energy portal
* Environment portal

* Anti-nuclear groups in the United States
* International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons
* List of anti-nuclear power groups
* Anti-nuclear protests in the United States
* List of books about nuclear issues
* List of companies in the nuclear sector
* List of nuclear power groups
* List of Nuclear-Free Future Award recipients
* List of renewable energy organizations
* List of anti-war organizations
* List of peace activists
* Non-nuclear future
* Nuclear organizations (Wikipedia category)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ William A. Gamson and Andre Modigliani. Media Coverage and Public Opinion on Nuclear Power Archived March 24, 2012, at archive.today, American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 95, No. 1, July 1989, p. 7.
2. ^ Fox Butterfield. Professional Groups Flocking to Antinuclear Drive, The New York Times, March 27, 1982.
3. ^ Jerome Price (1982). The Anti-nuclear Movement, Twayne Publishers, p. 65.
4. ^ Herbert P. Kitschelt. Political Opportunity and Political Protest: Anti-Nuclear Movements in Four Democracies British Journal of Political Science, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1986, p. 67.
5. ^ "The ATOM Project". Friends of the Earth International. Retrieved 2015-06-09.
6. ^ a b c Lawrence S. Wittner (2009). Confronting the Bomb: A Short History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement, Stanford University Press, pp. 164-165.
7. ^ "About Friends of the Earth International". Friends of the Earth International. Archived from the original on 2009-05-04. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
8. ^ "Join the Movement | Global Zero". Archived from the original on 2018-02-08. Retrieved 2019-05-23.
9. ^ United Nations, Department of Public Information, Non-Governmental Organizations
10. ^ Greenpeace International: Greenpeace worldwide
11. ^ Profile from Helix Magazine Archived 2009-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
12. ^ Henry Mhara (Oct 17, 2011). "Coltart elected anti-nuclear organisation president". News Day.
13. ^ a b c Lawrence S. Wittner (2009). Confronting the Bomb: A Short History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement, Stanford University Press, p. 128.
14. ^ Lawrence S. Wittner (2009). Confronting the Bomb: A Short History of the World Nuclear Disarmament Movement, Stanford University Press, p. 125.
15. ^ "Position Paper - Nuclear Power". May 1, 2003.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Freeman, Stephanie L. Dreams for a Decade: International Nuclear Abolitionism and the End of the Cold War (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2023). ISBN 9781512824223

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Anti-nuclear movement

Protests
and groups|

* Anti-nuclear organizations
* Anti-nuclear power groups
* Anti-nuclear protests
* Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament
* Greenpeace
* International Association of Lawyers against Nuclear Arms
* International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons
* International Day against Nuclear Tests
* International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons
* International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War
* Mayors for Peace
* Nuclear Information and Resource Service
* Nevada Desert Experience
* Nuclear Weapons Freeze Campaign
* Peace Action and SANE
* Physicians for Social Responsibility
* Pembina Institute
* Sortir du nucléaire
* World Uranium Hearing

By country|

* Australia
* Austria
* Canada
* France
* Germany
* India
* Japan
* Kazakhstan
* New Zealand
* Philippines
* Poland
* Russia
* South Africa
* South Korea
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Taiwan
* Turkey
* United Kingdom
* United States

People|

* Tadatoshi Akiba
* Daniel Berrigan
* Albert Bigelow
* Helen Caldicott
* Norman Cousins
* Gordon Edwards
* Albert Einstein
* Randall Forsberg
* John Gofman
* Jim Green
* Paul Gunter
* Otto Hahn
* Nobuto Hosaka
* Jackie Hudson
* Kate Hudson
* Ole Kopreitan
* David Lange
* Amory Lovins
* Bernard Lown
* Caroline Lucas
* Freda Meissner-Blau
* Gregory Minor
* Hermann Joseph Muller
* Kenzaburō Ōe
* Linus Pauling
* Mike Pentz
* C. F. Powell
* Adi Roche
* Joseph Rotblat
* Bertrand Russell
* Jens Scheer
* Jonathan Schell
* Albert Schweitzer
* Christopher Weeramantry

Media|

* Books about nuclear issues
* Films about nuclear issues
* Nuclear holocaust fiction
* Nuclear weapons in popular culture
* Songs about nuclear war and weapons

Related
topics|

* Anti-war movement
* Bikini Atoll
* Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
* Defence Secretariat 19
* France and weapons of mass destruction
* Göttingen Manifesto
* History of the anti-nuclear movement
* Advisory opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons
* Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents
* Mainau Declaration
* Nuclear-Free Future Award
* Nuclear-free zone
* Nuclear power debate
* Nuclear power phase-out
* Nuclear weapons convention
* Nuclear weapons debate
* Peace activists
* Otto Hahn Peace Medal
* Peace movement
* Peace camp
* Russell–Einstein Manifesto
* Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
* Smiling Sun
* The Bomb

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Anti-war and peace movement

Peace advocates|

* Anti-nuclear organizations
* Anti-war movement
* Anti-war organizations
* Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions
* Coalition of Women for Peace
* Code Pink
* Conscientious objectors
* Counterculture
* Culture of Peace
* ECOPEACE Party
* Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp
* Iraq War resisters in Canada
* List of pacifist organisations
* List of peace activists
* New Socialist Party of Japan
* Pacifist Socialist Party
* Peace and conflict studies
* Peace camp
* Peace churches
* Peace commission
* Peace conference
* Peace congress
* Peace education
* Peace movement
* Peace psychology
* Peace treaty
* Peaceworker
* React, Include, Recycle
* Social Democratic Party (Japan)
* Unity
* The Women's Peace Crusade
* War resisters
* Women's International League for Peace and Freedom

Ideologies|

* Ahimsa
* Anarchism
* Anarcho-pacifism
* Anarcho-punks
* Christian anarchism
* Anti-imperialism
* Anti-nuclear movement
* Antimilitarism
* Appeasement
* Christian pacifism
* Deterrence theory
* Direct action
* Finvenkismo
* Green politics
* Hippie
* Isolationism
* Modern-war pacifism
* Non-interventionism
* Nonkilling
* Nonviolence
* Pacificism
* Pacifism
* Peace
* Satyagraha
* Soviet influence on the peace movement
* Testimony of peace
* World peace

Media and cultural|

* Art
* Books
* Concert Yutel for Peace
* Dances of Universal Peace
* Festival for Peace
* Films
* Imagine Piano Peace Project
* International Day of Non-Violence
* International Day of Peace
* Dialogue Among Civilizations
* List of peace prizes
* List of places named Peace
* Monuments and memorials
* Mother's Day Proclamation
* Nobel Peace Prize Concert
* Museums
* Peace & Love (festival)
* Peace journalism
* Peace News
* Promoting Enduring Peace
* Peace One Day
* Plays
* Promoting Enduring Peace
* Show of Peace Concert
* Songs
* Symbols
* The Non-Violence Project
* University for Peace
* World Peace Bell Association
* Japanese Peace Bell
* Women in Black
* World March for Peace and Nonviolence

Slogans and tactics|

* Bed-in
* Central Park be-ins
* Civil disobedience
* Conflict resolution
* Counter-recruitment
* De-escalation
* Demilitarisation
* Department of Peace
* Desertion
* Draft evasion
* Die-in
* Economic sanctions
* Flower power
* Global Day of Action on Military Spending
* Human Be-In
* Lesson of Munich
* "Make love, not war"
* Non-aggression principle
* Nonviolent resistance
* Non Violent Resistance (psychological intervention)
* Peace walk
* Peacebuilding
* Refusal to serve in the Israel Defense Forces
* "Soldiers are murderers"
* Swords to ploughshares
* Teach-in
* "The whole world is watching"
* Third Party Non-violent Intervention
* "Turn the other cheek"
* "Violence begets violence"
* War tax resisters

Opposition to specific
wars or their aspects|

* War of 1812 (UK; US)
* American Civil War
* Second Boer War
* World War I
* World War II
* Vietnam War
* list of protests
* War on Terror
* Iraq War
* Criticism
* Protests
* Afghanistan War
* Military action in Iran
* Sri Lankan Civil War
* 2011 intervention in Libya
* Anti-war protests in Russia (2014)
* 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
* in Russia
* in Russian Far East
* Gaza War in the U.S.
* Calls for a ceasefire
* Landmines
* Military taxation
* Nuclear disarmament
* International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons
* Nuclear weapons convention

Countries|

* Canada
* Costa Rica
* Germany
* Israel
* Japan
* Netherlands
* Spain
* Sudan
* Switzerland
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Peacebuilding in Jammu and Kashmir

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