Anza-Borrego Desert State Park

State park in California, United States

Anza-Borrego Desert State Park

IUCN category III (natural monument or feature)

Desert view from Font's Point

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Location| San Diego, Imperial, and Riverside counties, California, US
Nearest city| Borrego Springs and Julian, California
Coordinates| 33°15′33″N 116°23′57″W﻿ / ﻿33.25917°N 116.39917°W﻿ / 33.25917; -116.39917
Area| 585,930 acres (2,371.2 km2)
Established| 1932[1]
Governing body| California Department of Parks and Recreation

U.S. National Natural Landmark

Designated| 1974

Anza-Borrego Desert State Park (/ˈænzə bəˈreɪɡoʊ/, AN-zə bə-RAY-goh) is a California State Park located within the Colorado Desert of Southern California, United States. Created in 1932, the park takes its name from 18th century Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza and borrego, a Spanish word for sheep.[2] With 585,930 acres (237,120 ha) that includes one-fifth of San Diego County, it is the largest state park in California and the third largest state park nationally.[3]

The park occupies eastern San Diego County and reaches into Imperial and Riverside counties, enveloping two communities: Borrego Springs, which is home to the park's headquarters, and Shelter Valley.

## Geography

[edit]

Juan Bautista de Anza, Spanish expeditionary and namesake of the park

The park is an anchor in the Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve, and adjacent to the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument.

The great bowl of the surrounding desert is surrounded by mountains, with the Vallecito Mountains to the south and the highest Santa Rosa Mountains to the north which are in the wilderness area, without paved roads and with the only year-round creeks.

Blair Valley

Blair Valley is a valley in the State Park.[4] It consists of the main Blair Valley and Little Blair Valley separated by a small mountain range over which Foot and Walker Pass leads. To the west of the valley lies Granite Mountain, to the east the range of Vallecito Mountains.

The valley can be crossed by dirt roads, e.g., to reach a look-out point over Smuggler Canyon or sites of Indian pre-Hispanic art.[citation needed]

Borrego Palm Canyon is the site of park headquarters and has "the most famous view point in the park, overlooking barren, spectacularly eroded Borrego Badlands." Tamarisk Grove hosts a campground and is close to Yaqui Well, a "historic watering spot...with magnificent desert ironwood trees and a busy wildlife population."[5]

## Visiting

[edit]

Vista of the Anza-Borrego desert landscape

> Anza-Borrego is often pictured as a wrinkled wasteland of harshly eroded, nearly barren clay and gravel, possibly because its gullied badlands are its most eroded phenomenon. There is more to it than that: cool piney heights, springs and oozing ciénegas, spectacular although brief waves of wild flowers in spring, and native fragrances of pervasive sage, subtle cottonwood, and even more subtle earth.

> — Sunset Travel Guide to Southern California (1974)

The park has 500 mi (800 km) of dirt roads, 12 designated wilderness areas, and 110 mi (180 km) of hiking trails. Park information and maps are available in the visitor center.[6] The park has Wi-Fi access.[citation needed]

The park is approximately a two-hour drive northeast from San Diego, southeast from Riverside or Irvine, and south from Palm Springs. Access on the east-Coachella Valley side is via County Route S22 and State Route 78. Access on the west-Pacific Ocean side is via California County Route S2 and State Route 78. SR-79 provides access through the high and forested Laguna Mountains, such as in Cuyamaca Rancho State Park.[7] These highways climb from the coast to 2,400 ft (730 m) above sea level, then descend 2,000 ft (610 m) down into the Borrego Valley in the center of the park. Access from the south is via the southern portion of S2.

A popular site to hike to near the visitor center is Hellhole Palms, a grove of California fan palms in Hellhole Canyon near Maidenhair Falls. The park also provides access points to the Pacific Crest Trail and the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail.[6][8]

Stargazing is another activity at Anza-Borrego. The park was designated an International Dark Sky Park by the International Dark-Sky Association in 2018.[9]

Ecotourism is big for Anza-Borrego. On average, the population of Borrego Springs increases by about 580% in peak wildflower superbloom season. This is a shift from around 3400 long term residents to around 200,000 tourists.[10]

## Flora and fauna

[edit]

See also: Category:Flora of the California desert regions and Category:Fauna of the Colorado Desert

Cactus in bloom Desert bighorn sheep at Palm Canyon Oasis.

The habitats are primarily within the Colorado Desert ecosystem of the Sonoran Desert ecoregion. The higher extreme northern and eastern sections in the Peninsular Ranges are in the California montane chaparral and woodlands ecoregion. The park has about 600 species of native plants.[5]

The park contains bajadas and desert washes; rock formations and colorful badlands, large arid landscapes, and mountains.

The bajadas are predominantly creosote bush-bur sage with creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) and the palo verde-cactus shrub ecosystems with the palo verde tree (Parkinsonia microphylla), cacti, and ocotillo. In the washes, Colorado/Sonoran microphylla woodlands can be found. These woodlands include such plants as smoke tree (Psorothamnus spinosus), velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina), and catclaw (Acacia greggii).[11] The park is home to elephant trees (Bursera microphylla), which are "fairly common in parts of Baja California but north of the border practically confined to the Anza-Borrego region."[5]

The park has natural springs and oases, with the state's only native palm, the California fan palm. Seasonal wildflower displays can be seen in many plant community association throughout the park.[12] Superblooms, one of the biggest Anza-Borrego State Park attractions, are indispensable indicators of the increasingly severe implications of climate change, precipitation levels, and shifting seasonal starting and ending periods.[13] Superblooms are fundamental healthy and natural aspects to this desert, as it boosts the local economy with the influx of tourism and is vital player in the desert biome.[2]

The high-country to the north and east has closed-cone pine forests, manzanitas and oak woodlands.[citation needed]

The oases are prolific with many types of fauna, especially for bird-watching. Throughout the park, visitors may see bighorn sheep, mountain lions, badgers, kit foxes, mule deer, coyotes, greater roadrunners, golden eagles, black-tailed jackrabbits, ground squirrels, kangaroo rats, deer mouse, quail, and prairie falcons. In the reptile class, desert iguanas, chuckwallas, and the red diamond rattlesnakes can be seen.[14][3]

Anza-Borrego Desert State Park is home to multiple endangered species. Unfortunately, the building of roads and highways have a severe effect upon these species and roadkills are cause for serious concern. Roads not only contribute to habitat fragmentation which starkly divides ecosystems, but led to 18 roadkillings within just 5 days in a recent study done in 2018.[3]

### Bighorn sheep

[edit]

Some areas are habitats for the desert bighorn sheep. The peninsula bighorn sheep reside in Anza-Borrego. They have been federally endangered since 1998 and are one of the most iconic species of this state park.[3] Observers count this endangered species to study the population, and monitor its current decline from human encroachment.[15] The two biggest threats to bighorn sheep populations are anthropogenic influences and climate change. As humans continue to develop in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park and the surrounding area, bighorn sheep continue to lose their habitat. Coupled with the increasing extreme temperatures and decrease in precipitation, bighorn shape face a decreasing free-standing water availability crisis. Bighorn sheep face considerable habitat loss at the hands of humans ranging from water diversion to noise pollution and habitat fragmentation. As critical members of this desert biome, it is important to recognize the necessity to protect them and mitigate our impact on their limited and unique environment.[16]

## Climate and its impact on the landscape

[edit]

Anza-Borrego State Park is located in the Colorado Desert Region of Southern California which is an extension of the Mexican Sonoran Desert. The Koppen Climate classification for Anza Borrego Desert State Park is BWh. The characteristics of this climate are typically hot and arid along with a deficiency in precipitation due to the continental tropical air mass which has very dry warm air.[17] As climate change increases there is potential for wetter years which bring about "super blooms," that boost tourism during the winter and early spring. Locals began to rely on seasonal tourism to boost their economies, and, along with wet years climate change has threatened the economy as it has the ability to produce longer droughts which threaten the tourist dependent towns nearby.[18] As the environment changes with climate desertification, locals and developers search for ways to maintain tourism, some attempt to maintain steady tourism with mega development of resorts or artificial oases. However, a study conducted on North-West China deserts in 2020 showed that artificial oases vegetation is not acclimated to drought conditions, and they consume large amounts of groundwater which deplete the water table level and outcompete native vegetation that store water in their roots.[19] Since deserts have such extreme weather, the species that inhabit them are highly dependent on each other, and developing on deserts or creating artificial oases will not only impact vegetation but also animals.

Climate data for Borrego Desert Park, CA

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °F (°C)  | 90
(32)  | 95
(35)  | 101
(38)  | 111
(44)  | 114
(46)  | 122
(50)  | 121
(49)  | 120
(49)  | 117
(47)  | 113
(45)  | 98
(37)  | 87
(31)  | 122
(50)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)  | 69.3
(20.7)  | 72.3
(22.4)  | 77.9
(25.5)  | 84.5
(29.2)  | 93.2
(34.0)  | 102.7
(39.3)  | 107.4
(41.9)  | 106.1
(41.2)  | 101.0
(38.3)  | 89.7
(32.1)  | 77.9
(25.5)  | 68.9
(20.5)  | 87.6
(30.9)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)  | 44.0
(6.7)  | 46.5
(8.1)  | 50.0
(10.0)  | 53.8
(12.1)  | 60.7
(15.9)  | 68.4
(20.2)  | 75.8
(24.3)  | 75.5
(24.2)  | 70.3
(21.3)  | 60.6
(15.9)  | 50.4
(10.2)  | 43.4
(6.3)  | 58.3
(14.6)
Record low °F (°C)  | 20
(−7)  | 24
(−4)  | 28
(−2)  | 28
(−2)  | 34
(1)  | 45
(7)  | 56
(13)  | 55
(13)  | 49
(9)  | 33
(1)  | 31
(−1)  | 23
(−5)  | 20
(−7)
Average precipitation inches (mm)  | 1.11
(28)  | 1.08
(27)  | 0.70
(18)  | 0.23
(5.8)  | 0.06
(1.5)  | 0.02
(0.51)  | 0.28
(7.1)  | 0.51
(13)  | 0.30
(7.6)  | 0.30
(7.6)  | 0.45
(11)  | 0.80
(20)  | 5.84
(147.11)
Average snowfall inches (cm)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0
(0)  | 0.1
(0.25)  | 0.1
(0.25)
Source: http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca0983

## Geology and paleontology

[edit]

Panoramic view from Font's Point westward over Borrego Valley to the Laguna Mountains

The expanses of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park's eroded badlands also provide a different view into the region's long-vanished tropical past. The inland of southeastern California was not always a desert. Paleontology, the study of the fossilized remains of ancient life, is the key to understanding this prehistoric world. The park has an exceptional fossil record which includes preserved plants, a variety of invertebrate shells, animal tracks, and an array of bones and teeth. Most fossils found in the park date from six million to under a half million years in age (the Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs), or about 60 million years after the last dinosaur age ended.[20]

### Geology

[edit]

Anza-Borrego rock outcrop and flora Agua Caliente Springs and valley towards south

Anza-Borrego Desert State Park lies in a unique geologic setting along the western margin of the Salton Trough. This major topographic depression with the Salton Sink having elevations of 200 ft (61 m) below sea level, forms the northernmost end of an active rift valley and a geological continental plate boundary. The trough extends north from the Gulf of California to San Gorgonio Pass, and from the eastern rim of the Peninsular Ranges eastward to the San Andreas Fault zone along the far side of the Coachella Valley.

Over the past seven million years, a relatively complete geologic record of over 20,000 ft (6,100 m) of fossil-bearing sediment has been deposited within the park along the rift valley's western margin. Paleontological remains are widespread and diverse, and are found scattered over hundreds of square miles of eroded badlands terrain extending south from the Santa Rosa Mountains into northern Baja California in Mexico.

Both marine and terrestrial environments are represented by this long and rich fossil record. Six million years ago, the ancestral Gulf of California filled the Salton Trough, extending northward past what would become the city of Palm Springs. These tropical waters supported a profusion of both large and small marine organisms. Through time, the sea gave way as an immense volume of sediment eroded during the formation of the Grand Canyon spilled into the Salton Trough. Little by little, the ancestral Colorado River built a massive river delta across the seaway. Fossil hardwoods from the deltaic sands and associated coastal plain deposits suggest the region received three times as much rainfall as now.

The Anza-Borrego region gradually changed from a predominantly marine environment into a system of interrelated terrestrial habitats. North of the Colorado River Delta and intermittently fed by the river, a sequence of lakes and dry lakes has persisted for over three million years. At the same time, sediments eroded from the growing Santa Rosa Mountains and the other Peninsular Ranges to spread east into the trough. These sediments provide an almost unbroken terrestrial fossil record, ending only a half million years ago. Here, the deposits of ancient streams and rivers trapped the remains of wildlife that inhabited a vast brushland savannah laced with riparian woodlands.

### Fossils

[edit]

This record of changing environments and habitats includes over 550 types of fossil plants and animals, ranging from the preserved microscopic plant pollen and algal spores to baleen whale bones and mammoth skeletons. Many of the species are extinct and some are known only from fossil remains recovered from this park. Combined with a long and complete sedimentary depositional sequence, these diverse fossil assemblages are an unparalleled paleontologic resource of international importance.

Both the Pliocene-Pleistocene epoch boundary and the Blancan-Irvingtonian North American land mammal ages boundary fall within the long geological record from the Anza-Borrego region. Environmental changes associated with these geological time divisions are probably better tracked by fossils from the Anza-Borrego region than in any other North American continental platform stratum. These changes herald the beginning of the Ice Ages, and the strata contain fossil clues to the origin and development of modern southwestern desert landscapes.

The first fossils, marine shells from the ancient Gulf of California and freshwater shells from a prehistoric era Lake Cahuilla, the precursor of present-day Salton Sea, were collected and described by William Blake in 1853. Blake was the geologist and mineralogist for the Pacific Railroad Surveys commissioned by Congress and President Franklin Pierce to find a railway route to the Pacific. Blake first named this region the Colorado Desert.

### Marine period

[edit]

Pre-Columbian era rock art in the Indian Hill archeological area

Since the late 19th century, numerous scientific studies and published papers have centered on the marine organisms that inhabited the ancient Gulf of California. Fossil assemblages from the classic Imperial Formation include calcareous nanoplankton and dinoflagellates, foraminifera, corals, polychaetes, clams, gastropods, sea urchins, sand dollars, and crabs and shrimp. The deposits also yield the remains of marine vertebrates, such as sharks and rays, bony fish, baleen whales, walruses and dugongs.

Marine environments such as an outer and inner shelf, platform reef, nearshore beach, and lagoon, are all represented within the Imperial Formation. As the sea became more shallow, estuarine and brackish marine conditions prevailed, typified by thick channel deposits of oyster and pecten shell coquina that now form the "Elephant Knees" along Fish Creek. Many of the marine fossils are closely related to forms from the Caribbean Sea. They document a time before the Isthmus of Panama formed when the warm Gulf Stream of the western Atlantic Ocean invaded eastern Pacific Ocean waters.

### Terrestrial period

[edit]

As North and South America connected about three million years ago, terrestrial faunal north-south migrations began on a continental scale called the Great American Interchange, and are present in Anza-Borrego's fossils. Animals such as giant ground sloths and porcupines made their first appearance in North America at this time.

The oldest terrestrial vertebrate fossils from the Colorado Desert predate the late Miocene invasion of the Gulf of California. These very rare fossils include a gomphothere (elephant-like mammal), rodent, felid and small camelid, and were collected from 10– to 12-million-year-old riverine and near-shore lake deposits. However, the most significant and abundant vertebrate fossils have been recovered from the latest Miocene through late-Pleistocene riverine and flood plain deposits of the Palm Spring Formation in the Vallecito and Fish Creek Badlands and Ocotillo Conglomerate exposed in the Borrego Badlands. These fossil assemblages occur in a 3.5-million-year-long, uninterrupted stratigraphic sequence that has been dated using horizons of volcanic ash and paleomagnetic methods.

The bestiary for this savannah landscape includes some of the most unusual creatures to inhabit North America – animals such as:
Geochelone, a giant bathtub-sized tortoise; Aiolornis incredibilis, the largest flying bird of the Northern Hemisphere, with 17-ft (5.2-m) wing span; Paramylodon, Megalonyx and Nothrotheriops, giant ground sloths, some with bony armor within their skin; Pewelagus, a very small rabbit; Borophagus, a hyena-like dog; Arctodus, a giant short-faced bear; Smilodon, a saber-toothed cat; Miracinonyx, the North American cheetah; Mammuthus imperator, the largest known mammoth; Tapirus, an extinct tapir; Equus enormis and Equus scotti, two species of extinct Pleistocene horses; Gigantocamelus a giant camel; and Capromeryx minor, the dwarf pronghorn. Within the state park, Mammuthus remains, including two complete skulls and a partial skeleton, have been uncovered at 46 different archeological sites. Most of these sites are located in the Borrego Badlands. Gompotherium, Stegomastodon, Mammuthus meridionalis, and Mammuthus columbi are among the various mammoth fossils to be found in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park. A Gompotherium jaw is on display at the University of California Museum of Paleontology, Berkeley.[21]

Morteros, bedrock mortar grinding holes, in the Indian Hill area

## Native Americans

[edit]

The Native Americans of the surrounding mountains and deserts include the Cahuilla, Cupeño, and Kumeyaay (Diegueño) Native American tribes. It was the homeland of these peoples for thousands of years, and their artists created petroglyph and pictogram rock art expressing their cultures.[22] Common foods of their diets included the Agave deserti, jumping cholla cactus, jackrabbit, bighorn sheep, and Indian rice grasses. Food-processing and harvesting was labor and time intensive. Roasting pits, bedrock milling and grinding features, cupule petroglyphs, and bedrock mortars all lead to this conclusion. Many artifacts have been found, such as obsidian, pumice, and fish bones, which tell us that these communities had extensive regionally internal trade networks. These were all observed at the CA-SDI-813, also known as the Mine Wash Site in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.[23]

## Park interpretive associations

[edit]

The Anza-Borrego Foundation, founded in 1967, is a non-profit educational organization and is the sole cooperating association of the park. It manages all sales at the State Park Visitor Center and State Park Store.

The Anza-Borrego Institute, the education arm of the foundation, provides in-depth educational courses to more than 100,000 visitors each year. The institute offers in-depth field programs, a fifth-grade environmental camp, citizen science research, and Parks Online Resources for Teachers and Students. The foundation's mission is to protect and preserve the natural landscapes, wildlife habitat, and cultural heritage of the park for the benefit and enjoyment of present and future generations.[24]

## Gallery

[edit]

* Flora and fauna of Anza-Borrego Desert Park
* Peninsular bighorn sheep in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park

* A desert marigold in bloom

* Common chuckwalla, Sauromalus ater in Palm Canyon, near Palm Springs

* An ocotillo plant common in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park

* Washingtonia filifera in Borrego Palm Canyon. Video clip

* Cylindropuntia bigelovii. Video clip

* Ferocactus cylindraceus. Video clip

## See also

[edit]

* Last Days in the Desert, a 2015 movie filmed in the park
* Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve
* Man and the Biosphere Programme
* World Network of Biosphere Reserves in the United States
* Mud Caves
* Ocotillo Wells, California
* Shelter Valley, California

## References

[edit]

Specific

1. ^ History in the California Desert The Journal of San Diego History, San Diego Historical Society Quarterly, Fall 1973, Volume 19, Number 4, San Diego History Center, sandiegohistory.org
2. ^ a b William Bright; Erwin Gustav Gudde (1998). 1500 California place names: their origin and meaning. University of California Press. p. 16\. ISBN 978-0-520-21271-8. Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved 20 January 2012.
3. ^ a b c d Negrete, Ninfa; Ramirez, Sara; Wong, Robert (Fall 2018). "Human-wildlife interactions in Anza-Borrego Desert State Park". California Ecology and Conservation Research: 9 – via Google Scholar
4. ^ "Peakbagger.com Large Map Page". Archived from the original on 14 October 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
5. ^ a b c Sunset Travel Guide to Southern California. Menlo Park, Calif.: Lane Publishing Co. 1974. pp. 110–111\. SBN 376-06754-3.110-111&rft.pub=Lane+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=1974&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
6. ^ a b "Visiting the Park". www.parks.ca.gov. Archived from the original on 22 June 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
7. ^ "Park Location and Directions". parks.ca.gov. California State Parks. Archived from the original on 26 June 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
8. ^ https://www.parks.ca.gov/pages/638/files/abdsp_Park_Map201704.pdf
9. ^ "Anza-Borrego Desert State Park Recognized as an International Dark Sky Park". International Dark-Sky Association. 19 January 2018. Archived from the original on 12 November 2021. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
10. ^ Winkler, Daniel E.; Brooks, Emily (1 April 2020). "Tracing Extremes across Iconic Desert Landscapes: Socio-Ecological and Cultural Responses to Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and Wildflower Superblooms". Human Ecology. 48 (2): 211–223\. doi:10.1007/s10745-020-00145-5. ISSN 1572-9915.211-223&rft.date=2020-04-01&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10745-020-00145-5&rft.issn=1572-9915&rft.aulast=Winkler&rft.aufirst=Daniel+E.&rft.au=Brooks,+Emily&rft_id=https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-020-00145-5&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
11. ^ "Gallery | State Park: Anza-Borrego Desert". parks.ca.gov. California State Parks. Archived from the original on 26 June 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
12. ^ Monet, Ebone; Colbert, Anica (6 March 2019). "How To Enjoy The Anza-Borrego Desert Super Bloom". KPBS Public Media. Archived from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 7 March 2019.
13. ^ Barbour, Michael; Keeler-Wolf, Todd; Schoenherr, Allan A., eds. (31 December 2019), "23. Colorado Desert Vegetation", Terrestrial Vegetation of California, 3rd Edition, University of California Press, pp. 657–682, doi:10.1525/9780520933361-025, ISBN 978-0-520-93336-1, retrieved 6 May 2024657-682&rft.date=2019-12-31&rft_id=info:doi/10.1525/9780520933361-025&rft.isbn=978-0-520-93336-1&rft_id=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1525/9780520933361-025/html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
14. ^ DesertUSA.com
15. ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2009. California Fan Palm: Washingtonia filifera, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg
16. ^ Dolan, Brian F. (2006). "Water Developments and Desert Bighorn Sheep: Implications for Conservation". Wildlife Society Bulletin. 34 (3): 642–646\. doi:10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[642:WDADBS]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0091-7648. JSTOR 3784691.642-646&rft.date=2006&rft.issn=0091-7648&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784691#id-name=JSTOR&rft_id=info:doi/10.2193/0091-7648(2006)34[642:WDADBS]2.0.CO;2&rft.aulast=Dolan&rft.aufirst=Brian+F.&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3784691&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
17. ^ Barbour, M (31 December 2019). "Colorado Desert Vegetation". Terrestrial Vegetation of California: 657–682\. doi:10.1525/9780520933361-025. ISBN 978-0-520-93336-1.657-682&rft.date=2019-12-31&rft_id=info:doi/10.1525/9780520933361-025&rft.isbn=978-0-520-93336-1&rft.aulast=Barbour&rft.aufirst=M&rft_id=https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1525/9780520933361-025/html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
18. ^ Winkler, Daniel (April 2020). "Tracing extremes across iconic desert landscapes: Socio-ecological and cultural responses to climate change, water scarcity, and wildflower Superblooms". Human Ecology. 48 (2): 215–219\. doi:10.1007/s10745-020-00145-5. JSTOR 45295518.215-219&rft.date=2020-04&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007/s10745-020-00145-5&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45295518#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Winkler&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/45295518&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
19. ^ Luo, Lihui (August 2020). "The Hidden Costs of Desert Development". The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. 49 (8): 1413, 1415, 1419. Bibcode:2020Ambio..49.1412L. doi:10.1007/s13280-019-01287-7. PMC 7239957. PMID 31749101. ProQuest 2405360412 - via ProQuest.
20. ^ George T. Jefferson and Lowell Lindsay, 2006, Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert, (Sunbelt Publications, San Diego) ISBN 0-932653-50-2
21. ^ McDaniel, George E.; Jefferson, George T. (1 January 2006). "Mammoths in our midst: The proboscideans of Anza-Borrego Desert State Park®, Southern California, USA". Quaternary International. Third International Mammoth Conference, Dawson, Yukon. 142–143: 124–129\. Bibcode:2006QuInt.142..124M. doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2005.03.011. ISSN 1040-6182.124-129&rft.date=2006-01-01&rft.issn=1040-6182&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.quaint.2005.03.011&rft_id=info:bibcode/2006QuInt.142..124M&rft.aulast=McDaniel&rft.aufirst=George+E.&rft.au=Jefferson,+George+T.&rft_id=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618205000601&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Anza-Borrego+Desert+State+Park" class="Z3988">
22. ^ "Anza-Borrego Native American Rock Art". www.abdnha.org. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
23. ^ "Aboriginal Settlement in Mine Wash, Anza-Borrego Desert State Park". CA State Parks. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
24. ^ "Anza-Borrego Foundation". Archived from the original on 20 June 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2010.

General

* Hogan, C. Michael (2009). California Fan Palm: Washingtonia filifera, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. Nicklas Stromberg
* Jefferson, George T. and Lowell Lindsay (2006). Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert (Sunbelt Publications, San Diego). ISBN 0-932653-50-2

## Further reading

[edit]

* Halford, Robin (2005). Hiking in Anza-Borrego Desert: Over 100 Half-Day Hikes (Anza Borrego Desert Natural History Association, Borrego Springs). ISBN 0-910805-13-X
* Hogue, Lawrence (2000). All the Wild and Lonely Places: Journeys in a Desert Landscape. Washington, DC: Shearwater Books (Inland Press). p. 256\. ISBN 978-1559636513. OCLC 43397048.
* Lindsay, Diana (2001). Anza-Borrego A to Z: People, Places, and Things (Sunbelt Publications, San Diego). ISBN 0-932653-42-1
* Lindsay, Lowell, and Diana (2006). The Anza-Borrego Desert Region: A Guide to the State Park and Adjacent Areas of the Western Colorado Desert. Fifth Edition (Wilderness Press, Berkeley). ISBN 0-89997-400-7
* Serenity (film) – location shooting in the park for the 2005 feature film shows the environs.
* Wild, Peter (2005). Marshal South, of Yaquitepec. Johannesburg, California: The Shady Myrick Research Project. p. 157\. OCLC 58796769. – Marshal South and his wife, Tanya, wrote a series of highly popular "Desert Refuge" articles (1940–1946) for the Desert Magazine about their primitive life in the desert. They lived in a home they called Yaquitepec on a mountaintop named Ghost Mountain near Blair Dry Lake

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Anza-Borrego Desert State Park.

* official Anza-Borrego Desert State Park website
* Anza-Borrego Foundation
* Anza-Borrego Desert Natural History Association
* Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail
* Anza Borrego Tribute
* Anza Borrego Hiking
* Fish Creek Wash & Carrizo Badlands
* Borrego Springs Chamber & Visitors' Bureau

* v
* t
* e

Protected areas of California

National Park System

| Parks|

* Channel Islands
* Death Valley
* Joshua Tree
* Kings Canyon
* Lassen Volcanic
* Pinnacles
* Redwood
* Sequoia
* Yosemite

|

Preserves|

Mojave

Monuments|

* Cabrillo
* Castle Mountains
* César E. Chávez
* Devils Postpile
* Lava Beds
* Muir Woods
* Tule Lake

Seashores|

* Point Reyes

Historical Parks|

* Rosie the Riveter World War II Home Front
* San Francisco Maritime

Historic Sites|

* Eugene O'Neill
* Fort Point
* John Muir
* Manzanar

Memorials|

* Port Chicago Naval Magazine

Recreation Areas|

* Golden Gate
* Santa Monica Mountains
* Whiskeytown–Shasta–Trinity

California State Parks

| Parks|

* Ahjumawi Lava Springs
* Andrew Molera
* Angel Island
* Año Nuevo
* Anza-Borrego Desert
* Arthur B. Ripley Desert Woodland
* Bidwell–Sacramento River
* Big Basin Redwoods
* Border Field
* Bothe-Napa Valley
* Burton Creek
* Butano
* Calaveras Big Trees
* Castle Crags
* Castle Rock
* Caswell Memorial
* China Camp
* Chino Hills
* Clear Lake
* Coast Dairies
* Crystal Cove
* Cuyamaca Rancho
* D. L. Bliss
* Del Norte Coast Redwoods
* Donner Memorial
* Dos Rios
* Ed Z'berg Sugar Pine Point
* Emerald Bay
* The Forest of Nisene Marks
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* Fremont Peak
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* Grizzly Creek Redwoods
* Grover Hot Springs
* Hearst San Simeon
* Hendy Woods
* Henry Cowell Redwoods
* Henry W. Coe
* Humboldt Lagoons
* Humboldt Redwoods
* Jedediah Smith Redwoods
* Julia Pfeiffer Burns
* Leo Carrillo
* Limekiln
* MacKerricher
* Malibu Creek
* Manchester
* McArthur–Burney Falls Memorial
* McLaughlin Eastshore
* Mendocino Headlands
* Mendocino Woodlands
* Montaña de Oro
* Morro Bay
* Mount Diablo
* Mount San Jacinto
* Mount Tamalpais
* Navarro River Redwoods
* Pacheco
* Palomar Mountain
* Pfeiffer Big Sur
* Placerita Canyon
* Plumas-Eureka
* Point Mugu
* Portola Redwoods
* Prairie Creek Redwoods
* Red Rock Canyon
* Richardson Grove
* Rio de Los Angeles
* Robert Louis Stevenson
* Russian Gulch
* Saddleback Butte
* Salt Point
* Samuel P. Taylor
* San Bruno Mountain
* Sinkyone Wilderness
* South Yuba River
* Sue-meg
* Sugarloaf Ridge
* Sutter Buttes
* Tolowa Dunes
* Tomales Bay
* Topanga
* Trione-Annadel
* Van Damme
* Washoe Meadows
* Wilder Ranch

|

Natural Reserves|

* Antelope Valley California Poppy
* Armstrong Redwoods
* Azalea
* Caspar Headlands
* John B. Dewitt Redwoods
* John Little
* Jug Handle
* Kruse Rhododendron
* Los Osos Oaks
* Mailliard Redwoods
* Mono Lake Tufa
* Montgomery Woods
* Point Lobos
* Smithe Redwoods
* Torrey Pines
* Tule Elk

Marine Reserves|

* Albany
* Anacapa Island SMR
* Asilomar
* Begg Rock
* Big Creek
* Bodega Head
* Cabrillo
* Carmel Pinnacles
* Carrington Point
* Del Mar Landing
* Elkhorn Slough
* Emeryville Crescent
* Estero de Limantour and Drakes Estero
* Fitzgerald
* Gerstle Cove
* Gull Island
* Harris Point
* Judith Rock
* Laguna Beach
* Long Point
* Lovers Point
* Montara and Pillar Point
* Moro Cojo Slough
* Morro Bay
* Natural Bridges
* Piedras Blancas
* Point Arena
* Point Buchon
* Point Cabrillo
* Point Dume
* Point Lobos
* Point Reyes
* Point Sur
* Richardson Rock
* Russian River
* Santa Barbara Island
* Scorpion
* Sea Lion Gulch
* Skunk Point
* South Cape Mendocino
* Stewarts Point
* Vandenberg

Historic Parks|

* Anderson Marsh
* Antelope Valley Indian Museum
* Bale Grist Mill
* Benicia Capitol
* Bidwell Mansion
* Bodie
* California Citrus
* California State Indian Museum
* Chumash Painted Cave
* Colonel Allensworth
* Columbia
* El Presidio de Santa Barbara
* Empire Mine
* Folsom Powerhouse
* Fort Humboldt
* Fort Ross
* Fort Tejon
* Governor's Mansion
* Hearst Castle
* Indian Grinding Rock
* Jack London
* La Purísima Mission
* Leland Stanford Mansion
* Los Angeles
* Los Encinos
* Malakoff Diggins
* Marconi Conference Center
* Marsh Creek
* Marshall Gold Discovery
* Monterey
* Old Sacramento
* Old Town San Diego
* Olompali
* Pigeon Point Light Station
* Pío Pico
* Point Sur
* Railtown 1897
* Rancho Petaluma Adobe
* San Juan Bautista
* San Pasqual Battlefield
* Santa Cruz Mission
* Santa Susana Pass
* Shasta
* Sonoma
* Sutter's Fort
* Tomo-Kahni
* Wassama Round House
* Watts Towers
* Weaverville Joss House
* Will Rogers
* William B. Ide Adobe
* Woodland Opera House

Beaches|

* Asilomar
* Bean Hollow
* Bolsa Chica
* Cardiff
* Carlsbad
* Carmel River
* Carpinteria
* Caspar Headlands
* Cayucos
* Corona del Mar
* Crown Memorial
* Dockweiler
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* El Capitán
* Emma Wood
* Gray Whale Cove
* Greenwood
* Half Moon Bay
* Huntington
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* Lighthouse Field
* Little River
* Malibu Lagoon
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* Marina
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* Moonlight
* Morro Strand
* Moss Landing
* Natural Bridges
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* Pacifica
* Pelican
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* Refugio
* Robert H. Meyer Memorial
* Salinas River
* San Buenaventura
* San Clemente
* San Elijo
* San Gregorio
* San Onofre
* Santa Monica
* Schooner Gulch
* Seacliff
* Silver Strand
* Sonoma Coast
* South Carlsbad
* Sunset
* Thornton
* Torrey Pines
* Trinidad
* Twin Lakes
* Westport-Union Landing
* Will Rogers
* William Randolph Hearst Memorial
* Zmudowski

Recreation Areas|

* Admiral William Standley
* Auburn
* Austin Creek
* Benbow
* Benicia
* Bethany Reservoir
* Brannan Island
* Candlestick Point
* Castaic Lake
* Colusa-Sacramento River
* Folsom Lake
* Franks Tract
* George J. Hatfield
* Harry A. Merlo
* Kenneth Hahn
* Kings Beach
* Lake Del Valle
* Lake Oroville
* Lake Perris
* Lake Valley
* Martial Cottle
* McConnell
* Millerton Lake
* Picacho
* Providence Mountains
* Salton Sea
* San Luis Reservoir
* Silverwood Lake
* Standish-Hickey
* Tahoe
* Turlock Lake
* Woodson Bridge

Vehicular
Recreation Areas|

* Carnegie
* Clay Pit
* Heber Dunes
* Hollister Hills
* Hungry Valley
* Oceano Dunes
* Ocotillo Wells
* Prairie City

Other|

* Burleigh H. Murray Ranch
* California State Capitol Museum
* California State Mining and Mineral Museum
* California State Railroad Museum
* Castro Adobe
* Delta Meadows
* Estero Bay
* Hatton Canyon
* Indio Hills Palms
* Point Cabrillo Light
* Ishxenta State Park
* Point Montara Light
* Reynolds Wayside Campground
* San Timoteo Canyon
* Stone Lake
* Verdugo Mountains
* Ward Creek
* Wildwood Canyon

National Forests and Grasslands

| National Forests
and Grasslands|

* Angeles
* Butte Valley NG
* Cleveland
* Eldorado
* Humboldt–Toiyabe
* Inyo
* Klamath
* Lake Tahoe Basin
* Lassen
* Los Padres
* Mendocino
* Modoc
* Plumas
* Rogue River–Siskiyou
* San Bernardino
* Sequoia
* Shasta–Trinity
* Sierra
* Six Rivers
* Stanislaus
* Tahoe

|

National Wilderness
Preservation System|

* Agua Tibia
* Ansel Adams
* Bucks Lake
* Caribou
* Carson–Iceberg
* Castle Crags
* Cucamonga
* Desolation
* Dick Smith
* Dinkey Lakes
* Emigrant
* Golden Trout
* Hoover
* Inyo Mountains
* Ishi
* Jennie Lakes
* John Muir
* Kaiser
* Marble Mountain
* Mokelumne
* Mount Lassic
* Mount Shasta
* North Fork
* Pine Creek
* San Gabriel
* San Jacinto
* San Rafael
* Sanhedrin
* Sespe
* Siskiyou
* Snow Mountain
* South Fork Eel River
* South Sierra
* South Warner
* Thousand Lakes
* Trinity Alps
* Ventana
* Yolla Bolly–Middle Eel
* Yuki

National Monuments
and Recreation Areas|

* Giant Sequoia National Monument
* San Gabriel Mountains National Monument
* Sand to Snow National Monument
* Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains National Monument
* Smith River National Recreation Area
* Whiskeytown–Shasta–Trinity National Recreation Area

State Forests

* Boggs Mountain Demonstration
* Ellen Pickett
* Jackson Demonstration
* Las Posadas
* LaTour Demonstration
* Mount Zion Demonstration
* Mountain Home Demonstration
* Soquel Demonstration

National Wildlife Refuges

* Antioch Dunes
* Bitter Creek
* Blue Ridge
* Butte Sink
* Castle Rock
* Clear Lake
* Coachella Valley
* Colusa
* Delevan
* Don Edwards San Francisco Bay
* Ellicott Slough
* Farallon
* Guadalupe-Nipomo Dunes
* Hopper Mountain
* Humboldt Bay
* Imperial
* Kern
* Lower Klamath
* Marin Islands
* Merced
* Modoc
* Pixley
* Sacramento
* Sacramento River
* Salinas River
* San Diego Bay
* San Diego
* San Joaquin River
* San Luis
* San Pablo Bay
* Seal Beach
* Sonny Bono Salton Sea
* Stone Lakes
* Sutter
* Tijuana Slough
* Tule Lake

State Wildlife Areas

| Wildlife
Areas|

* Antelope Valley
* Ash Creek
* Bass Hill
* Battle Creek
* Big Lagoon
* Big Sandy
* Biscar
* Butte Valley
* Buttermilk Country
* Cache Creek
* Camp Cady
* Cantara/Ney Springs
* Cedar Roughs
* Cinder Flats
* Collins Eddy
* Colusa Bypass
* Coon Hollow
* Cottonwood Creek
* Crescent City Marsh
* Crocker Meadows
* Daugherty Hill
* Decker Island
* Doyle
* Dutch Flat
* Eastlker River
* Eel River
* Elk Creek Wetlands
* Elk River
* Fay Slough
* Feather River
* Fitzhugh Creek
* Fremont Weir
* Grass Lake
* Gray Lodge
* Green Creek
* Grizzly Island
* Hallelujah Junction
* Heenan Lake
* Hill Slough
* Hollenbeck Canyon
* Honey Lake
* Hope Valley
* Horseshoe Ranch
* Imperial
* Indian Valley
* Kelso Peak and Old Dad Mountains
* Kinsman Flat
* Knoxville
* Laguna
* Lake Berryessa
* Lake Earl
* Lake Sonoma
* Little Panoche Reservoir
* Los Banos
* Lower Sherman Island
* Mad River Slough
* Marble Mountains
* Mendota
* Merrill's Landing
* Miner Slough
* Monache Meadows
* Morro Bay
* Moss Landing
* Mouth of Cottonwood Creek
* Napa-Sonoma Marshes
* North Grasslands
* O'Neill Forebay
* Oroville
* Petaluma Marsh
* Pickel Meadow
* Pine Creek
* Point Edith
* Putah Creek
* Rector Reservoir
* Red Lake
* Rhode Island
* Sacramento River
* San Felipe Valley
* San Jacinto
* San Luis Obispo
* San Luis Reservoir
* San Pablo Bay
* Santa Rosa
* Shasta Valley
* Silver Creek
* Slinkard/Little Antelope
* Smithneck Creek
* South Fork
* Spenceville
* Surprise Valley
* Sutter Bypass
* Tehama
* Truckee River
* Upper Butte Basin
* Volta
* Warner Valley
* Waukell Creek
* West Hilmar
* Westlker River
* White Slough
* Willow Creek
* Yolo Bypass

|

Ecological
Reserves|

* Albany Mudflats
* Alkali Sink
* Allensworth
* Atascadero Creek Marsh
* Bair Island
* Baldwin Lake
* Batiquitos Lagoon
* Blue Sky
* Boden Canyon
* Boggs Lake
* Bolsa Chica
* Bonny Doon
* Buena Vista Lagoon
* Butler Slough
* Butte Creek Canyon
* Butte Creek House
* Buttonwillow
* By Day Creek
* Calhoun Cut
* Canebrake
* Carlsbad Highlands
* Carmel Bay
* Carrizo Canyon
* Carrizo Plains
* China Point
* Clover Creek
* Coachella Valley
* Coal Canyon
* Corte Madera Marsh
* Crestridge
* Dairy Mart Ponds
* Dales Lake
* Del Mar Landing
* Eden Landing
* Elkhorn Slough
* Estelle Mountain
* Fall River Mills
* Fish Slough
* Fremont Valley
* Goleta Slough
* Indian Joe Spring
* Kaweah
* Kerman
* King Clone
* Laguna Laurel
* Loch Lomond Vernal Pool
* Lokern
* Magnesia Spring
* Marin Islands
* Mattole River
* McGinty Mountain
* Morro Dunes
* Morro Rock
* Napa River
* North Table Mountain
* Oasis Spring
* Panoche Hills
* Peytonia Slough
* Phoenix Vernal Pools
* Pine Hill
* Piute Creek
* Pleasant Valley
* Rancho Jamul
* Redwood Shores
* River Springs Lakes
* Saline Valley
* San Dieguito Lagoon
* San Elijo Lagoon
* San Felipe Creek
* San Joaquin River
* Santa Rosa Plateau
* Springville
* Stone Corral
* Sycamore Canyon
* Sycuan Peak
* Thomes Creek
* Tomales Bay
* Upper Newport Bay
* Watsonville Slough
* West Mojave Desert
* Woodbridge
* Yaudanchi

Marine
Protected
Areas|

* Abalone Cove and Point Vicente
* Anacapa Island SMCA
* Año Nuevo
* Arrow Point to Lion Head Point
* Batiquitos Lagoon
* Big Creek
* Bodega Head
* Bolsa Chica
* Cambria
* Campus Point
* Carmel Bay
* Cat Harbor
* Crystal Cove
* Dana Point
* Duxbury Reef
* Edward F. Ricketts
* Elkhorn Slough
* Estero Americano
* Estero de Limantour and Drakes Estero
* Estero de San Antonio
* Fagan Marsh
* Famosa Slough
* Farnsworth Onshore and Offshore
* Goleta Slough
* Greyhound Rock
* Lovers Cove and Casino Point
* MacKerricher
* Marin Islands
* Morro Bay
* Naples
* Pacific Grove Marine Gardens
* Painted Cave
* Piedras Blancas
* Point Arena
* Point Buchon
* Point Dume
* Point Reyes
* Point Sur
* Portuguese Ledge
* Pyramid Point
* Robert E. Badham
* Robert W. Crown
* Russian Gulch
* Russian River
* Salt Point
* San Diego-Scripps
* San Dieguito Lagoon
* San Elijo Lagoon
* Saunders Reef
* Sea Lion Cove
* Sonoma Coast
* Soquel Canyon
* South La Jolla
* South Point
* Southeast Farallon Island
* Stewarts Point
* Swami's
* Tijuana River Mouth
* Upper Newport Bay
* Van Damme
* Vandenberg
* White Rock (Cambria)

Bureau of Land Management National Conservation Lands

| National Monuments|

* Berryessa Snow Mountain
* California Coastal
* Carrizo Plain
* Cascade–Siskiyou
* Fort Ord
* Mojave Trails
* Sand to Snow
* Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains

|

National
Conservation Areas|

* California Desert
* King Range

Wilderness Areas|

* Argus Range
* Big Maria Mountains
* Bigelow Cholla Garden
* Bighorn Mountain
* Black Mountain
* Bright Star
* Bristol Mountains
* Cadiz Dunes
* Carrizo Gorge
* Chanchelulla
* Chemehuevi Mountains
* Chimney Peak
* Chuckwalla Mountains
* Chumash
* Cleghorn Lakes
* Clipper Mountain
* Coso Range
* Coyote Mountains
* Darwin Falls
* Dead Mountains
* Dick Smith
* El Paso Mountains
* Fish Creek Mountains
* Funeral Mountains
* Garcia
* Golden Valley
* Grass Valley
* Headwaters Forest Reserve
* Hollow Hills
* Ibex
* Indian Pass
* Inyo Mountains
* Jacumba
* Kelso Dunes
* Kiavah
* Kingston Range
* Little Chuckwalla Mountains
* Little Picacho
* Machesna Mountain
* Malpais Mesa
* Manly Peak
* Matilija
* Mecca Hills
* Mesquite
* Newberry Mountains
* Nopah Range
* North Algodones Dunes
* North Mesquite Mountains
* Old Woman Mountains
* Orocopia Mountains
* Otay Mountain
* Owens Peak
* Pahrump Valley
* Palen/McCoy
* Palo Verde Mountains
* Picacho Peak
* Piper Mountain
* Piute Mountains
* Red Buttes
* Resting Spring Range
* Rice Valley
* Riverside Mountains
* Rodman Mountains
* Sacatar Trail
* Saddle Peak Hills
* San Gorgonio
* Santa Lucia
* Santa Rosa
* Sawtooth Mountains
* Sespe
* Sheephole Valley
* South Nopah Range
* Stateline
* Stepladder Mountains
* Surprise Canyon
* Sylvania Mountains
* Trilobite
* Turtle Mountains
* Whipple Mountains

National Marine Sanctuaries

* Channel Islands
* Chumash Heritage
* Cordell Bank
* Greater Farallones
* Monterey Bay

National Estuarine Research Reserves

* Elkhorn Slough
* San Francisco Bay
* Tijuana River

University of California Natural Reserve System

* Angelo Coast Range
* Año Nuevo Island
* Blue Oak Ranch
* Bodega Marine
* Box Springs
* Burns Piñon Ridge
* Carpinteria Salt Marsh
* Chickering American River
* Coal Oil Point
* Dawson Los Monos Canyon
* Eagle Lake Field Station
* Elliott Chaparral
* Emerson Oaks
* Fort Ord
* Hans Jenny Pygmy Forest
* Hastings
* James San Jacinto Mountains
* Jepson Prairie
* Kendall-Frost Mission Bay Marsh
* Landels-Hill Big Creek
* Lassen Field Station
* McLaughlin
* Merced Vernal Pools and Grassland
* Motte Rimrock
* Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert
* Point Reyes Field Station
* Quail Ridge
* Rancho Marino
* Sagehen Creek Field Station
* San Joaquin Marsh
* Santa Cruz Island
* Scripps Coastal
* Sedgwick
* Stebbins Cold Canyon
* Stunt Ranch Santa Monica Mountains
* Sweeney Granite Mountains Desert
* Valentine Eastern Sierra
* White Mountain
* Younger Lagoon

Private Conservation Land Trusts

* Agua Hedionda Lagoon
* Arastradero Preserve
* Arroyo Conejo Open Space
* Audubon Canyon Ranch
* Bear Creek Redwoods Open Space Preserve
* Blue Ridge Berryessa Natural Area
* Bluff Lake
* Big Sur Land Trust
* California Rangeland Trust
* Catalina Island Conservancy
* Claremont Canyon Conservancy
* Cosumnes River Preserve
* Fairfield Osborn Preserve
* Land Conservancy of San Luis Obispo County
* Pacific Forest Trust
* Palos Verdes Peninsula Land Conservancy
* Peninsula Open Space Trust
* Pepperwood Preserve
* Sanctuary Forest
* Santa Cruz Island
* Santa Lucia Preserve
* Sempervirens Fund
* Sierra Nevada Alliance
* Sogorea Te Land Trust
* The Nature Conservancy
* Trust for Public Land
* The Wildlands Conservancy

Heritage registers
National Natural Landmarks

* v
* t
* e

Municipalities and communities of San Diego County, California, United States

County seat: San Diego

Cities|

* Carlsbad
* Chula Vista
* Coronado
* Del Mar
* El Cajon
* Encinitas
* Escondido
* Imperial Beach
* La Mesa
* Lemon Grove
* National City
* Oceanside
* Poway
* San Diego
* San Marcos
* Santee
* Solana Beach
* Vista

San Diego County map

CDPs|

* Alpine
* Bonita
* Bonsall
* Borrego Springs
* Bostonia
* Boulevard
* Campo
* Camp Pendleton Mainside
* Camp Pendleton South
* Casa de Oro-Mount Helix
* Crest
* Del Dios
* Descanso
* Elfin Forest
* Eucalyptus Hills
* Fairbanks Ranch
* Fallbrook
* Granite Hills
* Harbison Canyon
* Harmony Grove
* Hidden Meadows
* Jacumba
* Jamul
* Julian
* Lake San Marcos
* Lakeside
* La Presa
* Mount Laguna
* Pala
* Pine Valley
* Potrero
* Rainbow
* Ramona
* Rancho San Diego
* Rancho Santa Fe
* San Diego Country Estates
* Spring Valley
* Valley Center
* Winter Gardens

Unincorporated
communities|

* 4S Ranch
* Ballena
* Banner
* Casa de Oro
* Cuyamaca
* Deerhorn Valley
* De Luz
* De Luz Heights
* Dehesa
* Dulzura
* East Otay Mesa
* Flinn Springs
* Foster
* Guatay
* Jesmond Dene
* Kentwood-In-The-Pines
* Lincoln Acres
* Manzanita
* Oak Grove
* Ocotillo Wells
* Pala Mesa
* Palomar Mountain
* Pauma Valley
* Pine Hills
* Ranchita
* Rincon
* San Luis Rey
* Santa Ysabel
* Shelter Valley
* Tecate
* Warner Springs
* Wynola

Indian
reservations|

* Barona Reservation
* Campo Indian Reservation
* Capitan Grande Reservation
* Ewiiaapaayp Indian Reservation
* Inaja and Cosmit Reservation
* Jamul Indian Village
* La Jolla Indian Reservation
* La Posta Reservation
* Los Coyotes Indian Reservation
* Manzanita Reservation
* Mesa Grande Reservation
* Pala Indian Reservation
* Pauma and Yuima Indian Reservation
* Rincon Indian Reservation
* San Pasqual Reservation
* Santa Ysabel Reservation
* Sycuan Band Reservation
* Viejas Reservation

Ghost towns|

* Banner City
* Branson City
* Coleman City
* Cuyamaca City
* Eastwood
* Jofegan
* Palm Spring Station
* Panhe
* San Felipe Station
* San Pasqual
* Stonewall
* Stratton
* Vallecito

* California portal
* United States portal

* v
* t
* e

San Diego metropolitan area

County|

* San Diego

Cities|

| Major city|

* San Diego

|

100k–300k|

* Carlsbad
* Chula Vista
* El Cajon
* Escondido
* Oceanside

25k–100k|

* Encinitas
* Imperial Beach
* La Mesa
* Lemon Grove
* National City
* San Marcos
* Santee
* Poway
* Vista

Under 25k|

* Del Mar
* Coronado
* Solana Beach

CDPs 20k+|

* Fallbrook
* La Presa
* Lakeside
* Ramona
* Rancho San Diego
* Spring Valley
* Winter Gardens

Reservations|

* Barona Reservation
* Campo Indian Reservation
* Capitan Grande Reservation
* Ewiiaapaayp Reservation
* Inaja and Cosmit Reservation
* Jamul Indian Village
* La Jolla Reservation
* La Posta Indian Reservation
* Los Coyotes Reservation
* Manzanita Reservation
* Mesa Grande Reservation
* Pala Indian Reservation
* Pauma and Yuima Reservation
* Rincon Reservation
* San Pasqual Reservation
* Santa Ysabel Reservation
* Sycuan Reservation
* Viejas Reservation

Bodies of water|

* Chollas Creek
* Mission Bay
* Otay River
* San Diego Bay
* San Diego River
* San Luis Rey River
* Santa Margarita River
* San Mateo Creek (Southern California)
* Sweetwater River
* Tijuana River

Sub-regions|

* East County
* North County
* City of San Diego
* South Bay

Parks and
monuments|

* Agua Caliente
* Anza-Borrego
* Balboa Park
* Border Field
* Cabrillo Monument
* Cleveland Forest
* Cuyamaca
* Old Town
* Palomar Mountain
* Torrey Pines

History Culture Transportation (MTS NCTD Roads) Economy Education Government

* v
* t
* e

State of California

Sacramento (capital)

Topics|

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Regions|

* Antelope Valley
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* Transverse Ranges
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Metro regions|

* Fresno–Madera
* Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim
* Sacramento–Roseville
* Riverside–San Bernardino–Ontario
* San Diego–Tijuana
* San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland

Counties|

* Alameda
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* Stanislaus
* Sutter
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* Trinity
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* Tuolumne
* Ventura
* Yolo
* Yuba

Most populous
cities|

* Los Angeles
* San Diego
* San Jose
* San Francisco
* Fresno
* Sacramento
* Long Beach
* Oakland
* Bakersfield
* Anaheim

California portal

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* United States
* Israel

Other|

* IdRef

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