Appaloosa Management

American hedge fund

Appaloosa Management L.P.

Company type| Private
Industry| Investment Management
Founded| 1993; 32 years ago (1993)[1]
Founder| David Tepper
Headquarters|

Miami Beach, Florida[2]

U.S.

Area served

| Worldwide

Key people

| David Tepper (president)
Michael Palmer (CFO)
Jeffrey Kaplan (COO)[1]
AUM| US$16.6 billion (Jan 2025)[3]
Website| amlp.com

Appaloosa Management L.P. is an American hedge fund founded in 1993 by David Tepper and Jack Walton specializing in distressed debt.[4] Appaloosa Management invests in public equity and fixed income markets around the world.[1]

## History

[edit]

In 1993, David Tepper and Jack Walton, founded Appaloosa Management, an employee-owned hedge fund, in Chatham, New Jersey.[4][5] Throughout the 1990s, the firm was known as a junk bond investment boutique,[6] and through the 2000s it was known as a hedge fund.[7] In March 2021, David Tepper said it's increasingly difficult to be bearish on stock rights now, feeling that rising rates are set to stabilize, and that the sell off in treasuries that has driven rates up is probably over.[8]

### 2002 Conseco & Marconi Corp.

[edit]

In the fourth quarter of 2002, Appaloosa Management returns were heavily a result of junk-bond and distressed debt bets in Conseco and Marconi Corp. that the market was bottoming out.[9]

### 2007 Delphi

[edit]

Assets under management in 2007 were $5.3 billion.[5] The Financial Times reports the company has "attracted interest for its large ownership position in Delphi, the bankrupt car parts supplier, and its clashes on whether management has the shareholders best interests in mind or those of GM and the UAW."[4]

### 2008 financial crisis through 2011

[edit]

Appaloosa survived the 2008 financial crisis with relatively few investor redemption orders.[10]

From 2009 to 2010, Appaloosa Management's assets under management grew from $5 billion to $12 billion.[11]

In November 2010, the New York Times reported total assets under management of $14 billion.[12] In 2010, it was reported that since 1993 Appaloosa Management had returned $12.4 billion to clients—ranking it sixth on a ranking of total returns to clients by managers since inception.[13]

In September 2011, a Delaware bankruptcy court found that Appaloosa Management is one of four hedge funds that had played a role in Washington Mutual's restructuring which might have received confidential information that could have been used to trade improperly in the bank's debt.[14] In 2011, the company was awarded the Institutional Hedge Fund Firm of the Year award.[15]

In January 2016, Appaloosa's headquarters were relocated to Miami Beach, Florida.[2]

## Investment strategy

[edit]

Appaloosa Management's investments focus on undiversified concentrated investment positions.[10] Appaloosa invests in the global public equity and fixed income markets with a focus on "equities and debt of distressed companies, bonds, exchange warrants, options, futures, notes, and junk bonds."[1] According to BusinessWeek, the firm's client base consists of high-net-worth individuals, pension and profit sharing plans, corporations, foreign governments, foundations, universities, and other organizations."[1][4] Investors commit to a locked period of three years during which their withdrawals are limited to 25 percent of their total investment.[10]

## Products and performance

[edit]

Appaloosa Management manages four investment vehicles: the offshore Palomino Fund LTD, an offshore and onshore version of its Thoroughbred fund, and its flagship fund Appaloosa Investment.[12][16] A complete list of current holdings can be found here.

### Palomino Fund

[edit]

The Palomino Fund from its inception in 1995 to 1998 had a 25 percent return. After Russia defaulted, the fund lost 49 percent of its value between February and September 1998.[17] The fund returned –26.7% percent in 2008 and 117.3 percent in 2009. The company was ranked by Bloomberg Markets as the top performing fund of any hedge fund manager managing over one billion dollars.[10]

### Appaloosa Investment I

[edit]

In 2001, the fund was up 67 percent followed the next year losing 25 percent. In 2003 the fund saw 149 percent returns for investors.[9]

## Administration

[edit]

The company leaders include:

* David Tepper, Founder and President,[1]
* Michael L. Palmer, Chief Financial Officer,[1]
* Jeffrey L. Kaplan, Chief Operating Officer.[1]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Appaloosa Management L.P.: Private Company Information - BusinessWeek". Archived from the original on April 12, 2008. Retrieved 2013-04-17.
2. ^ a b Frank, Robert (April 6, 2016). "Billionaire to save hundreds of millions from Florida move". CNBC. Retrieved 29 November 2017.
3. ^ Taub, Stephen (27 March 2024). "The 23nd Annual Ranking of the Highest-Earning Hedge Fund Managers". Institutional Investor.
4. ^ a b c d Robinson, Gwen (27 April 2007). "100 Hedge funds to watch - FT Special on Hedge Funds" (PDF). Financial Times. Nikkei. Retrieved 22 April 2010.
5. ^ a b "The Rankings The hedge-fund elite". New York Magazine. Apr 9, 2007. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
6. ^ Middleton, Timothy (January 5, 1997). "In Junk Bond Funds, Risk Often Paid Off". New York Times. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
7. ^ Stephen Taub (April 13, 2010). "David Tepper's Appaloosa Management Among First Quarter Hedge Fund Leaders". Institutional Investor.
8. ^ "David Tepper is getting bullish on stocks, believes rising rates are set to stabilize". CNBC. 8 March 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-03-08.
9. ^ a b Taub, Stephen (July 2004). "The Bucks Stop Here Alpha". Alpha.
10. ^ a b c d Teitelbaum, Richard. "Bullish at the Brink" (PDF). February 2010. Bloomberg Markets. Retrieved 11 July 2011.
11. ^ Allen, Katrina Dean (March 1, 2010). "Absolute Return Billion Dollar Club". AR Absolute Return - Alpha. Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
12. ^ a b Raghavan, Anita (November 9, 2010). "For Tepper, Washington Is an Investment Guide". New York Times. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
13. ^ "Soros, Paulson Post Biggest Returns Since Inception". FIN Alternatives. September 13, 2010. Archived from the original on 2 October 2011. Retrieved 14 August 2011.
14. ^ Duhigg, Charles; Lattman, Peter (14 September 2011). "Judge Says Hedge Funds May Have Used Inside Information". The New York Times.
15. ^ Gravrand, B. (23 June 2011). "Institutional Investor's 9th Annual Hedge Fund Industry Awards – Winners". Opalesque. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
16. ^ Richard, Teitelbaum (January 4, 2010). "Tepper Turns Panic to Profits With $6.5 Billion Hedge Fund Gain". Bloomberg. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
17. ^ Burton, Katherine (April 8, 2008). "Simons, Mandel Post Biggest Drop in Hedge Fund Slump". Bloomberg. Retrieved 26 July 2011.

* v
* t
* e

Hedge funds

Investment
strategy|

| Arbitrage /
relative value|

* Capital structure arbitrage
* Convertible arbitrage
* Equity market neutral
* Fixed income arbitrage / fixed-income relative-value investing
* Statistical arbitrage
* Volatility arbitrage

|

Event-driven|

* Shareholder activism
* Distressed securities
* Risk arbitrage
* Special situation

Directional|

* Convergence trade
* Commodity trading advisors / managed futures account
* Dedicated short
* Global macro
* Long/short equity
* Trend following

Other|

* Fund of hedge funds / Multi-manager

Trading|

* Algorithmic trading
* Day trading
* High-frequency trading
* Prime brokerage
* Program trading
* Proprietary trading

Related
terms|

| Markets|

* Commodities
* Derivatives
* Equity
* Fixed income
* Foreign exchange
* Money markets
* Structured securities

|

Misc|

* Absolute return
* Arbitrage pricing theory
* Assets under management
* Black–Scholes model (Greeks: delta neutral)
* Capital asset pricing model (alpha / beta / security characteristic line)
* Fundamental analysis
* Hedge
* Securitization
* Short
* Taxation of private equity and hedge funds
* Technical analysis

Investors|

* Vulture funds
* Family offices
* Financial endowments
* Fund of hedge funds
* High-net-worth individual
* Institutional investors
* Insurance companies
* Investment banks
* Merchant banks
* Pension funds
* Sovereign wealth funds

Governance|

* Fund governance
* Standards Board for Alternative Investments
* Managed Funds Association

* Alternative investment management companies
* Hedge funds
* Hedge fund managers
* List of hedge funds

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template