Aquarela do Brasil

Original samba written and composed by Ary Barroso

For the Dionne Warwick album, see Aquarela do Brasil (album).

"Aquarela do Brasil"

Song
Language| Portuguese
English title| Brazil
Composer(s)| Ary Barroso
Lyricist(s)| Ary Barroso, Bob Russell (English version)

"Aquarela do Brasil" (Brazilian Portuguese: [akwaˈɾɛlɐ du bɾaˈziw]; 'Watercolor of Brazil'), written by Ary Barroso in 1939 and known in the English-speaking world simply as "Brazil", is one of the most famous Brazilian songs.

## Background and composition

[edit]

Ary Barroso wrote "Aquarela do Brasil" in early 1939, when he was prevented from leaving his home one rainy night due to a heavy storm. Its title, a reference to watercolor painting, is a clear reference to the rain. He also wrote "Três lágrimas" (Three Teardrops) on that same night, before the rain ended.[1]

Describing the song in an interview to Marisa Lira, of the newspaper Diário de Notícias, Barroso said that he wanted to "free the samba away from the tragedies of life, of the sensual scenario already so explored". According to the composer, he "felt all the greatness, the value and the wealth of our land", reliving "the tradition of the national panels".[1]

Initially, he wrote the first chords, which he defined as "vibrant", and a "plangent of emotions". The original beat "sang on [his] imagination, highlighting the sound of the rain, on syncope beats of fantastic tambourins". According to him, "the rest came naturally, music and lyrics at once". He declared to have felt like another person after writing the song.[1]

## Release and reception

[edit]

Before being recorded, "Aquarela do Brasil", initially named "Aquarela brasileira", was performed by the baritone Cândido Botelho [pt] on Joujoux e Balangandans, a benefit concert sponsored by Darci Vargas, then the First Lady of Brazil. It was then recorded by Francisco de Morais Alves, arranged by Radamés Gnattali and his orchestra, and released by Odeon Records in August 1939.[1][2] It was also recorded by Araci Cortes, but despite the singer's huge popularity at the time, the song was not a success.

"Aquarela do Brasil" took a while to succeed. In 1940, it was not among the top three songs of that year's Carnival in Rio. The president of the jury was Heitor Villa-Lobos, and Barroso, offended that his masterpiece was not on the list, ended his relationship with him. The two men would only speak to each other again fifteen years later, when both received the National Order of Merit.[1][2]

The song only became famous after it was included in Walt Disney's 1942 animated film Saludos Amigos, sung by Aloísio de Oliveira. After that, the song became known not only in Brazil, but worldwide, becoming the first Brazilian song to be played over a million times on American radio.[1][2] Due to the huge popularity achieved in the United States, it received an English version by songwriter Bob Russell.[1][2]

It was voted by the Brazilian edition of Rolling Stone as the 12th greatest Brazilian song.[3]

## Controversy

[edit]

This song, because of its exaltation of Brazil's great qualities, marked the creation of a new genre within samba, known as samba-exaltação (exaltation samba). This musical movement, with its extremely patriotic nature, was seen by many as being favorable to the dictatorship of Getúlio Vargas, generating criticism towards Barroso and his work, which was perceived as Barroso's prostration to the regime. The Barroso family, however, strongly denies these claims, pointing out that he also wrote an anti-Nazi song named "Salada Mista" (Mixed salad), recorded by Carmen Miranda in October 1938. Vargas, although not a fascist himself, was as sympathetic to such regimes in the early years of his presidency as the European governments of the time.[4]

The Department of Press and Propaganda, the official censorship body of the regime, wanted to censor the verse "terra do samba e do pandeiro" ("land of samba and the pandeiro"), which was seen as being "derogatory" for Brazil's image. Barroso persuaded the censors to keep the line.[5]

Some criticism to the song, at the time, was that it used expressions little known by the general public, such as "inzoneiro",[6] "merencória", and "trigueiro" (intriguing, melancholic, and swarthy), and that he was too redundant in the verses "meu Brasil brasileiro" ("my Brazilian Brazil") and "esse coqueiro que dá coco" ("this coconut palm that produces coconut"). The composer defended his work, saying that these expressions were poetic effects inseparable from the original composition. On the original recording, Alves sang "mulato risoneiro" (laughing mulatto) instead of "inzoneiro" because he was unable to understand Barroso's illegible handwriting.[7]

## Lyrics

[edit]

Portuguese lyrics | English translation from the Portuguese | S. K. (Bob) Russell English Lyrics

|
|

Brasil, meu Brasil Brasileiro,
Meu mulato inzoneiro,
Vou cantar-te nos meus versos:
O Brasil, samba que dá,
Bamboleio, que faz gingar;
O Brasil do meu amor,
Terra de Nosso Senhor.
Brasil!... (Brasil!) Prá mim!... (Prá mim!...)
Ô, abre a cortina do passado;
Tira a mãe preta do cerrado;
Bota o rei congo no congado.
Brasil!... (Brasil!)
Deixa cantar de novo o trovador,
À merencória à luz da lua,
Toda canção do meu amor.
Quero ver essa Dona caminhando,
Pelos salões, arrastando,
O seu vestido rendado.
Brasil!... (Brasil!) Prá mim ... (Prá mim!...)
Brasil, terra boa e gostosa,
Da moreninha sestrosa,
De olhar indiferente.
O Brasil, verde que dá,
Para o mundo admirar.
O Brasil do meu amor,
Terra de Nosso Senhor.
Brasil!... (Brasil!) Prá mim ... (Prá mim!...)
Esse coqueiro que dá coco,
Onde eu amarro a minha rede,
Nas noites claras de luar.
Brasil!... (Brasil!...)
Ô! Estas fontes murmurantes,
Onde eu mato a minha sede,
E onde a lua vem brincar.
Ô! Esse Brasil lindo e trigueiro,
É o meu Brasil Brasileiro,
Terra de samba e pandeiro.
Brasil!... (Brasil!...) Prá mim!... (Prá mim!...)

Brazil, my Brazilian Brazil,
My intriguing mulatto,
I will sing you in my verses:
Brazil, samba that gives,
A swaying that makes you waddle;
Brazil of my love,
Land of our Lord.
Brazil! Brazil! For me! For me!
Oh, open the curtains of the past;
Take the black Mother from the cerrado;*
Put the Congo king in the congado.
Brazil! Brazil!
Let the minstrel sing again,
Under the melancholic moonlight,
All the songs of my love.
I want to see this lady walking,
Through the halls, dragging
Her garments made of lace.
Brazil! Brazil! For me! For me!
Brazil, beautiful and pleasant land,
Of the mischievous brunette little girl,
With her air of indifference.
Brazil, a greenness that is offered
For the admiration of the world.
Brazil of my love,
Land of our Lord.
Brazil! Brazil! For me! For me!
This coconut tree that gives coconuts,
Where I tie my hammock
In the bright moonlit nights.
Brazil! Brazil!
Oh! These murmuring fountains,
Where I quench my thirst,
And where the moon comes to play.
Oh! This Brazil, beautiful and swarthy,
Is my Brazilian Brazil,
Land of samba and tambourine,
Brazil! Brazil! For me! For me!

(introduction)

Brazil ...
The Brazil that I knew
Where I wandered with you
Lives in my imagination

Where the songs are passionate
And a smile has flash in it
And a kiss has art in it
For you put your heart in it

And so I dream of old ...

(Most recordings start here)

Brazil ...

Where hearts were entertaining June
We stood beneath an amber moon
And softly murmurr'd "some day soon"
We kissed and clung together

Then
Tomorrow was another day
The morning found me miles away
With still a million things to say

Now
When twilight dims the sky above
Recalling thrills of our love
There's one thing I'm certain of

Return I will
To old Brazil

The Portuguese lyrics are as sung by Francisco Alves (chorus in brackets). The S. K. Russell English version is from the sheet music by Southern Music Publishing Company. The tune of the first four lines of the introduction is the same as the first instrumental break in the Alves version.

## Notable recordings

[edit]

1942 Jimmy Dorsey recording on Decca, 18460B. 2008 Grammy Hall of Fame inductee.

The song has received many successful recordings through the years, being played in many different genres, ranging from its original samba genre to disco. It is one of the 20 most recorded songs of all time.[8]

In 1943, Spanish-born bandleader Xavier Cugat reached number two on the Best Sellers List and number nine on the Harlem Hit Parade with his version of "Brazil".[9] Django Reinhardt recorded "Brazil" three times between 1947 and 1953. In 1957, Frank Sinatra recorded the song in Come Fly With Me. He was followed by other successful artists of the time such as Bing Crosby, Ray Conniff, and Paul Anka.

During the Brazilian military dictatorship, MPB singer Elis Regina performed what is perhaps the darkest version ever of "Aquarela do Brasil", accompanied by a chorus of men reproducing chants of the Native Brazilians. In 1975, American band The Ritchie Family reached number-one on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart for seven weeks and number eleven Pop with their disco version of the song.[10]

"Brazil"

Single by The Ritchie Family
from the album  Brazil
B-side| "Hot Trip"
Released| 1975
Studio| Sigma Sound, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Genre| Disco[11]
Length| 3:14 (7" version)
4:58 (Album version)
Label| 20th Century
Songwriter(s)| Ary Barroso
Producer(s)| Jacques Morali
The Ritchie Family singles chronology
|  | "Brazil"
(1975)  | "I Want to Dance with You (Dance with Me)"
(1975)

|
|

Other successful Brazilian singers such as Antônio Carlos Jobim, Erasmo Carlos, João Gilberto (with Caetano Veloso, Gilberto Gil, and Maria Bethânia), Gal Costa, and Simone also recorded versions of the song at the same period.

The song was featured prominently in Terry Gilliam's 1985 film Brazil, which was named after it. It was recorded by Geoff Muldaur for the soundtrack, but parts of the song were also incorporated throughout the orchestral score by Michael Kamen, including a Kate Bush version. Afterwards, in the 1990s, it was recorded by both Harry Belafonte and Dionne Warwick.

In 2007, singer-songwriter Daniela Mercury, which recorded the most recent cover of the song by a Brazilian artist, was invited to perform the song at the end of the opening ceremony of the XV Pan American Games, held in Rio de Janeiro.

In 2009, the Recording Academy added the 1942 recording of "Brazil (Aquarela do Brasil)" by Jimmy Dorsey & His Orchestra, released as Decca 18460B, to the Grammy Hall of Fame.[12][13] Jimmy Dorsey was the first to record the song on July 14, 1942, and release it with the English lyrics by Bob Russell sung by Bob Eberly and Helen O'Connell.[14]

Also in 2009, American band Beirut performed "Brazil" for their live DVD Beirut: Live At The Music Hall Of Williamsburg.

ITV used a cover of this song by Thiago Thomé as the theme song for their coverage of the 2014 FIFA World Cup which took place in Brazil in June and July 2014. During the tournament's opening ceremony, its first verses were performed live by Brazilian singer Claudia Leitte before being joined onstage by Pitbull and Jennifer Lopez to sing "We Are One (Ole Ola)".

In 2021, the Michael Kamen (Brazil movie) arrangement was used by agency VCCP as the soundtrack for the Transport for London post-COVID advertising campaign, #LetsDoLondon.[15]

Year  | Artist  | Album  | Source

|
|
|

1939  | Francisco Alves  | Odeon 11768 (78 rpm record)  | [16][17][18]
1942  | Sylvio Caldas | 78 rpm record  |
1942  | Xavier Cugat | 78 rpm record  | [19]
1947  | Django Reinhardt | Quintette du Hot Club de France |
1957  | Frank Sinatra | Come Fly With Me |
1958  | The Coasters | The Coasters | [20]
1958  | Bing Crosby and Rosemary Clooney | Fancy Meeting You Here |
1958  | The Four Freshmen | Voices In Latin |
1960  | Ray Conniff | Say It with Music (A Touch of Latin) | [1]
1963  | Paul Anka | Our Man Around the World | [2]
1965  | The Shadows | The Sound of The Shadows |
1968  | Geoff & Maria Muldaur | Pottery Pie | [3]
1969  | Elis Regina | Honeysuckle Rose Aquarela Do Brasil | [4]
1970  | Antônio Carlos Jobim | Stone Flower | [5]
1970  | Erasmo Carlos | Erasmo Carlos & Os Tremendões | [6]
1974  | Santana | Lotus (quoted in "Samba Pa Ti")  |
1975  | Elis Regina | A Arte de Elis Regina | [7]
1975  | Crispy & Co. | Tonight at the Discotheque |
1975  | The Ritchie Family | Brazil | [21]
1976  | Chet Atkins and Les Paul | Guitar Monsters | [8]
1980  | Gal Costa | Aquarela do Brasil | [9]
1980  | Simone | Ao Vivo | [10]
1981  | João Gilberto, Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil | Brasil |
1981  | Tav Falco's Panther Burns | Behind The Magnolia Curtain | [11]
1984  | Egberto Gismonti and Naná Vasconcelos | Duas Vozes
1987  | Ney Matogrosso | Pescador de Pérolas | [12]
1990  | Harry Belafonte | Around the World with the Entertainers | [13]
1991  | Deborah Blando | A Different Story | [14]
1995  | Dionne Warwick | Aquarela do Brazil | [15]
1995  | 8½ Souvenirs | Happy Feet |
1997  | Gal Costa | Acústico (Mtv) | [16]
1997  | Pink Martini | Sympathique | [17]
1998  | Vengaboys | The Party Album |
1999  | Jun Miyake | Glam Exotica! |
2000  | Rosemary Clooney | Brazil | [18]
2002  | Cornelius | Point |
2002  | Metrô | Déjà-Vu |
2004  | Martinho da Vila | Apresenta Mané do Cavaco | [19]
2005  | Arcade Fire | "Cold Wind" (B-side)
"Rebellion (Lies)" (B-side) |
2005  | Daniela Mercury | Balé Mulato | [20]
2005  | Plácido Domingo | Lo Essencial de | [21]
2007  | Chick Corea & Béla Fleck | The Enchantment | [22]
2009  | Beirut | Beirut: Live At The Music Hall Of Williamsburg (DVD)  | [23]
2009  | The Spinto Band | Slim and Slender | [24] Archived 2009-10-13 at the Wayback Machine
2012  | Tokyo Ska Paradise Orchestra | Walkin' |
2014  | Claudia Leitte | We Are One (World Cup Opening Ceremony Version) |
Loona | Brazil |
Bellini  | Festival |
2016  | Leslie Odom, Jr.  | Leslie Odom, Jr.  |

## Usage in popular culture

[edit]

Films

Year  | Film  | Director

|
|

1942  | Saludos Amigos | Walt Disney
1943  | Gals, Incorporated (1943 film, Russel English lyrics) [22] | Leslie Goodwins
1943  | The Gang's All Here | Busby Berkeley
1944  | The Three Caballeros | Walt Disney
1946  | Notorious | Alfred Hitchcock
1947  | Road to Rio | Norman Z. McLeod
1948  | Sitting Pretty | Walter Lang
1954  | A Star Is Born | George Cukor
1956  | The Eddy Duchin Story | George Sidney
1961  | A Difficult Life | Dino Risi
1963  | Charley's Aunt | Géza von Cziffra
1976  | Silent Movie | Mel Brooks
1980  | Stardust Memories | Woody Allen
1985  | Brazil | Terry Gilliam
1995  | Carmen Miranda: Bananas is My Business | Helena Solberg
1998  | There's Something About Mary | Farrelly brothers
1999  | Three to Tango | Damon Santostefano
1999  | Being John Malkovich (Trailer)  | Spike Jonze
2003  | Carandiru | Héctor Babenco
2003  | Something's Gotta Give | Nancy Meyers
2004  | The Aviator | Martin Scorsese
2007  | Bee Movie (Trailer)  | Simon J. Smith & Steve Hickner
2008  | Australia | Baz Luhrmann
2008  | WALL-E (Trailer)  | Andrew Stanton
2014  | Mr. Peabody & Sherman | Rob Minkoff
2017  | My Scientology Movie (Trailer)  | John Dower
2017  | Star Wars: The Last Jedi | Rian Johnson
2018  | The Grinch | Scott Mosier & Yarrow Cheney

Television programs

Year  | TV Series  | Episode

|
|

1962  | The Jetsons | Las Venus - Solar Sambaramba
1966  | The Andy Griffith Show | Season 7 - Episode 20:Andy's Old Girlfriend
1966-1967  | Dark Shadows | Played at The Blue Whale bar
1982  | SCTV | Series 5, Cycle 4 - Towering Inferno with Banda Brava (Words To Live By segment)
1995  | Duckman | Season 2 - Episode 8: "Research and Destroy"
2002  | The Simpsons | "Blame It on Lisa"
2004  | Miss Marple | "The Body in the Library"
2007  | Vidas Opostas | Theme song
2008  | Eli Stone | Theme song and during episode previews
2011  | Let's Dance | Episode 5 - Bernd Herzsprung's Samba
2012  | My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic | Episode 39 - Intro plays briefly when Pinkie Pie is trying to persuade the Cakes to hire her as babysitter.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Berndt Morris, Elizabeth; Morris, Charles Walt Disney and Diplomacy: The Musical Impact of Aquarela do Brasil Latin American Music Center
* Kaleb E. Goldschmitt From Disney to Dystopia: Transforming “Brazil” For A U.S. Audience Modern Language Association
* Brazil (Aquarela Do Brasil) · Carmen Cavallaro for The Eddy Duchin Story 1959
* DaniellaThompson Aquarela do Brasil Musica Brasiliensis

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g (in Portuguese) About "Aquarela do Brasil" at blog Cifra Antiga. Accessed on March 30, 2009.
2. ^ a b c d (in Portuguese) Dicionário Cravo Albin de Música Popular Brasileira. Ary Barroso - Artistic database Archived 2015-06-08 at the Wayback Machine. Accessed on March 30, 2009.
3. ^ Spessoto, Toninho (2009). "As 100 Maiores Músicas Brasileiras - "Aquarela do Brasil"". Rolling Stone Brasil (in Portuguese). Spring. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
4. ^ THOMPSON, Daniella. "The political side of Ary Barroso". Published on August 6, 2002. Accessed on March 30, 2009.
5. ^ (in Portuguese) Information about "Aquarela do Brasil" - quotes CABRAL, Sérgio. No tempo de Ary Barroso. Rio de Janeiro, Lumiar, s/d, p.179 at archive.today (archived 2007-07-25). Accessed on March 30, 2009. Archived 2009-10-25.
6. ^ "Inzoneiro". 8 September 2009.
7. ^ (in Portuguese) Information about "Aquarela do Brasil" at archive.today (archived 2007-07-25). Accessed on March 30, 2009. Archived 2009-10-25.
8. ^ Craig Harris. "Ary Barroso Biography". allmusic.com. Archived from the original on 2014-07-15. Retrieved 2013-01-09.
9. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004. Record Research. p. 141.
10. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003. Record Research. p. 218.
11. ^ Echols, Alice (March 29, 2010). "The Homo Superiors: Disco and the Rise of Gay Macho". Hot Stuff: Disco and the Remaking of American Culture. W. W. Norton & Company. p. 136\. ISBN 978-0-393-06675-3.
12. ^ 28 Titles Being Added to Grammy Hall of Fame[permanent dead link‍]
13. ^ Grammy Hall of Fame award Archived June 26, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
14. ^ Brazil. Second Hand Songs.
15. ^ "Welcome back London!". VCCP. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
16. ^ discogs.com: Francisco Alves Com Radamés E Sua Orquestra – Aquarela Do Brasil. Retrieved December 3, 2020
17. ^ (YouTube) Francisco Alves  Retrieved July 12, 2019.
18. ^ Odeon Records Retrieved July 12, 2019.
19. ^ "Pop Chronicles 1940s Program #9". 1972.
20. ^ The Coasters, The Coasters Retrieved February 8, 2012.
21. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Hot Dance/Disco: 1974-2003. Record Research. p. 218.
22. ^ https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0035915/?ref_=ttsnd_snd_tt IMDB Gals, Incorporated (1943 film, Russel English lyrics) [user-generated source]

## External links

[edit]

* Ary Barroso, Giant of Brazilian Song by Daniella Thompson

* v
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Carmen Miranda

Films|

* Carmen Miranda: Bananas Is My Business
* The Carmen Miranda Collection

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* "A Preta do Acarajé"
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* "Annie's Cousin Fannie"
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* "Has Anybody Seen My Gal?"

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Studio albums|

* Brazil
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* "Brazil"
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* Jacques Morali

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* Carl Gardner
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Singles|

* "Down in Mexico"
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* "Besame Mucho (Part I)"
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* "T'ain't Nothin' to Me"
* "Let's Go Get Stoned"
* "D. W. Washburn"
* "Love Potion Number Nine"
* "Cool Jerk"

B-sides|

* "Brazil"
* "Searchin'"
* "Zing! Went the Strings of My Heart"
* "Three Cool Cats"
* "Besame Mucho (Part II)"
* "Lovey Dovey"
* "Money Honey"
* "Saturday Night Fish Fry"

Other songs|

* "Autumn Leaves"
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* "Don't Get Around Much Anymore"
* "Easy Living"
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* "Gee, Baby, Ain't I Good to You"
* "I Love Paris"
* "If I Had a Hammer"
* "The 'In' Crowd"
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* "Moonlight in Vermont"
* "Mustang Sally"
* "My Babe"
* "On Broadway"
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* "Satin Doll"
* "The Way You Look Tonight"
* "Willow Weep for Me"
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* v
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Loona

* Discography

Studio albums|

* Lunita
* Entre dos aguas
* Colors
* Wind of Time
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* Rakatakata (Un Rayo de Sol (A Ray of Sun))
* Badam

EPs|

* Famous 5
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Compilation albums|

* Greatest Hits
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* Everybody on the Floor
* Stars

Singles|

* "Dancing (Bailando)"
* "Son of the Moon (Hijo de la luna)"
* "Where You Go (Dónde vas)"
* "Mamboleo (Wobbling)"
* "Salvador Dalí"
* "La Vida es una Flor (Life is a Flower)"
* "Latino Lover"
* "Baila mi Ritmo (Dance My Rhythm)"
* "Viva el Amor (Long Live Love)"
* "Rhythm of the Night"
* "Colors"
* "Tears in Heaven"
* "Oye el Boom (Hear the Boom)"
* "Por la Noche (At Night)"
* "Salam Aleikoum (Peace Be Upon you)"
* "Parapapapapa"
* "Let's Go to the Beach (Vamos a la playa)"
* "El Cucaracho, El Muchacho (The Cockroach, The Boy)"
* "El Tiburón (The Shark)"
* "Policia (Police)"
* "Rakatakata (Un Rayo de Sol (A Ray of Sun))"
* "Caliente (Hot)"
* "Brazil"
* "Badam (Almond)"
* "Summer of Love"
* "Alquien Canto (Someone Singing)"
* "Life is Just a Game 2021"

Promotional singles|

* "Can't Help Falling in Love"
* "Breathless Through the Night (Ademloos door de nacht)"

Featured singles|

* "Sunlight"
* "The Boys of Summer"
* "Rise Again"
* "Tell It to My Heart"

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