Arab Socialist Movement (Damascus branch)

Syrian political party

For the defunct party, see Arab Socialist Movement.

Arab Socialist Movement

حركة الاشتراكيين العرب

Leader| Omar Adnan al-Alawi
Founder| Akram al-Hawrani
Banned| 29 January 2025; 5 months ago (2025-01-29)[1]
Split from| Arab Socialist Movement
Headquarters| Damascus, Syria
Ideology| Arab socialism
Arab nationalism
Pan-Arabism
Neo-Ba'athism[2]
Anti-Islamism[2]
Political position| Left-wing
National affiliation| National Progressive Front (until 2025)
Website
Facebook page

* Politics of Syria
* Political parties
* Elections

The Arab Socialist Movement's Damascus branch was a Syrian political party that operated from Damascus.

## History

[edit]

The party originated as faction of the Arab Socialist Movement, a party which broke apart in the 1960s, and continues to claim the original party's name and legacy. The Damascus branch is headed by Abdul-Ghani Qannout, and joined the Ba'ath Party-led National Progressive Front (NPF) government in 1972[3][4] and continued to support the al-Assad family's rule in Syria until the fall of the Assad regime.[2]

After Abdul-Ghani Qannout died in 2001, Ahmad al-Ahmad became the new secretary general; under him, the party continued its pro-government course, even during the Syrian Civil War.[2] Amid the conflict's civil uprising phase, the Arab Socialist Movement's Damascus branch organised pro-government rallies.[5] When the uprising escalated into a full insurgency, members of the party organised pro-government militias. Assistant secretary general Omar Adnan al-Alawi headed the National Defence Forces' Deir ez-Zor branch during part of the siege of Deir ez-Zor (2014–2017), and was wounded in combat.[2] A member of the party's political office, Turki Albu Hamad, played a leading role in founding the "Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes" militia.[2]

Following the fall of the Assad regime the party, along with all other NPF members, was dissolved by the Syrian transitional government on 29 January 2025.[1]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Al-Ammar, Najjar (29 January 2025). "الإدارة السورية الجديدة تعلن وقف العمل بالدستور وتعيين الشرع رئيسا للبلاد في المرحلة الانتقالية" [The new Syrian administration announces the suspension of the constitution and the appointment of Sharia as president of the country in the transitional period] (in Arabic). France 24. Retrieved 31 January 2025.
2. ^ a b c d e f Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad (4 February 2019). "The Arab Socialist Movement: Interview". Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi.
3. ^ Seale 1990, pp. 175, 176.
4. ^ Akram al-Bunni (2013), pp. 5, 8.
5. ^ Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad. "Quwat Muqatili al-Asha'ir: Tribal Auxiliary Forces of the Military Intelligence". Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi.

### Works cited

[edit]

* Akram al-Bunni (2013). An Analysis of the Syrian Left Realities (PDF). Rosa Luxemburg Foundation.
* Seale, Patrick (1990). Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East. University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-06976-5.

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Political parties in Syria

Popular Front for Change and Liberation|

* People's Will Party

Unrepresented|

* Democratic People's Party
* Syrian Turkmen Assembly
* Syria Turkmen Bloc
* Syrian Democratic Turkmen Movement
* Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
* Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
* Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
* Syriac Union Party
* Democratic Arab Socialist Union
* Movement for Justice and Development in Syria
* Democratic Union Party
* National Youth Party
* Kurdish Future Movement
* Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
* Reform Party of Syria

Defunct parties|

* National Bloc
* National Party
* National Union
* People's Party
* League of Nationalist Action
* Arab National Party
* Arab Ba'ath Party
* Arab Ba'ath Movement
* Syrian–Lebanese Communist Party
* Syrian Communist Party
* Arab Liberation Movement
* Socialist Cooperation Party
* Arab Communist Party
* Communist Labour Party
* Ba'ath Party (Iraqi-dominated faction)
* National Salvation Front in Syria

Banned Parties|

| Islamist|

* Hizb ut-Tahrir
* Muslim Brotherhood in Syria

|

National Progressive Front|

* Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party
* pan-Arab organization
* Syrian Social Nationalist Party
* Arab Socialist Union Party
* Socialist Unionist Party
* Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)
* Syrian Communist Party (Unified)
* National Covenant Party
* Arab Democratic Union Party
* Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
* Social Democratic Unionists
* Arab Socialist Movement

Kurdish parties|

* Kurdistan Democratic Party of Syria
* Democratic Union Party
* Kurdish National Council
* Kurdish Supreme Committee
* Kurdish Future Movement
* Kurdish National Alliance in Syria
* Kurdish Democratic Progressive Party

Assyrian parties|

* Assyrian Democratic Organization
* Syriac Union Party
* Assyrian Democratic Party

* Portal:Politics
* List of political parties
* Politics of Syria

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Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party

* Iraqi-dominated faction
* Syrian-dominated faction

History

| Predecessors|

* Arab Ba'ath
* Arab Ba'ath Movement
* Arab Socialist Movement
* Syrian Committee to Help Iraq

|

Founders|

* Michel Aflaq
* Salah al-Din al-Bitar

Pre-split|

* 1954 Syrian coup d'état
* 14 July Revolution
* 1959 Mosul uprising
* Attempted assassination of Abdul-Karim Qasim
* Ramadan Revolution
* 1963 Syrian coup d'état
* Ba'athist Syria
* Politics
* National Council for the Revolutionary Command
* Ar-Rashid revolt
* November 1963 Iraqi coup d'état
* 1964 Hama riot
* 1966 Syrian coup d'état

Post-split|

* 17 July Revolution
* Ba'athist Iraq
* Revolutionary Command Council
* Members
* Arab Belt
* Corrective Movement
* Union of Arab Republics
* Ba'athist Arabization campaigns in northern Iraq
* 1979 Ba'ath Party Purge
* Assadist–Saddamist conflict
* Faith Campaign
* Iraqi conflict
* De-Ba'athification in Iraq
* Ba'ath Party archives
* Syrian civil war
* Fall of the Assad regime

Leadership

| General Secretaries|

| Pre-split|

* Michel Aflaq
* Munif Razzaz

|

Iraqi-dominated faction|

* Michel Aflaq
* Saddam Hussein
* Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
* Salah Al-Mukhtar*

Syrian-dominated faction|

* Nureddin al-Atassi
* Hafez al-Assad
* Abdullah al-Ahmar (de facto)
* Bashar al-Assad

Regional Secretaries|

| Iraq|

* Fuad al-Rikabi
* Talib El-Shibib
* Ali Salih al-Sa'di
* Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
* Saddam Hussein
* Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
* Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed*

|

Jordan|

* Abdullah Rimawi
* Munif Razzaz
* Akram al-Homsi*

Lebanon|

* Assem Qanso
* Abd al-Majid al-Rafei

Palestine|

* Isam al-Qadi
* Rakad Salem*

Syria|

* Hammud al-Shufi
* Shibli al-Aysami
* Amin al-Hafiz
* Nureddin al-Atassi
* Hafez al-Assad
* Bashar al-Assad

Members of the National Command|

* Hadiya Khalaf Abbas
* Michel Aflaq
* Abdullah al-Ahmar
* Zaki al-Arsuzi
* Bashar al-Assad
* Hafez al-Assad
* Nureddin al-Atassi
* Mansur al-Atrash
* Shibli al-Aysami
* Ali Abdullah Ayyoub
* Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
* Salah al-Din al-Bitar
* Elias Farah
* Hakem Al-Fayez
* Wahib al-Ghanim
* Amin al-Hafiz
* Akram al-Hourani
* Salah Jadid
* Zuheir Mohsen
* Munif Razzaz
* Fuad al-Rikabi
* Abdullah Rimawi
* Ali Salih al-Sa'di
* Talib El-Shibib
* Khaled Yashruti

Members of the Regional Commands|

| Iraq|

* Humam Abd al-Khaliq Abd al-Ghafur
* Ghanim Abdul-Jalil
* Saad Abdul-Majid
* Jamal Mustafa Abdullah
* Mohammed Younis al-Ahmed
* Salah Omar al-Ali
* Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
* Salih Mahdi Ammash
* Hussein Al-Awadi
* Tariq Aziz
* Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
* Adil Abdullah Mahdi Al-Douri
* Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri
* Saadoun Ghaidan
* Fadil Mahmud Gharib
* Mizban Khadr al-Hadi
* Sa'dun Hammadi
* Qusay Hussein
* Saddam Hussein
* Latif Nassif Jassim
* Rashid Taan Kazim
* Adnan Khayr Allah
* Ali Hassan al-Majid
* Muhyi Abdul-Hussein Mashhadi
* Samir Abdul Aziz al-Najim
* Aziz Saleh Al-Numan
* Ghazi Hamoud Al-Obaidi
* Taha Yassin Ramadan
* Fawzi Mutlaq al-Rawi
* Rashid al-Rifai
* Fuad al-Rikabi
* Ali Salih al-Sa'di
* Abd Al-Baqi Abd Karim Al-Sadun
* Muhammad Zimam al-Sadun
* Abdul Khaliq al-Samarra'i
* Abdullah Sallum al-Samarra'i
* Talib El-Shibib
* Nayef Shindakh Thamer
* Khamis Sirhan
* Hardan al-Tikriti
* Yahya Abdallah al-Ubaydi
* Tahir Yahya
* Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
* Ibrahim Hesqel

|

Lebanon|

* Musa Shuaib

Syria|

* Hadiya Khalaf Abbas
* Abdullah al-Ahmar
* Hussein Arnous
* Bashar al-Assad
* Hafez al-Assad
* Maher al-Assad
* Rifaat al-Assad
* Nureddin al-Atassi
* Shibli al-Aysami
* Ali Abdullah Ayyoub
* Mohammed Saeed Bekheitan
* Muhsen Bilal
* Mahdi Dakhlallah
* Ahmad Diyab
* Ali Duba
* Fahd Jassem al-Freij
* Marwan Habash
* Ibrahim al-Hadid
* Amin al-Hafiz
* Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
* Wael Nader al-Halqi
* Adnan Badr Hassan
* Salim Hatum
* Hilal Hilal
* Mohammad al-Hussein
* Hisham Ikhtiyar
* Salah Jadid
* Abdul-Karim al-Jundi
* Sami al-Jundi
* Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
* Abdul Halim Khaddam
* Imad Khamis
* Ahmad al-Khatib
* Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
* Mohammad Jihad al-Laham
* Ibrahim Makhous
* Zuhair Masharqa
* Muhammad Mustafa Mero
* Muhammad Naji al-Otari
* Abdul Qadir Qaddura
* Hammouda Sabbagh
* Farouk al-Sharaa
* Hikmat al-Shihabi
* Hammud al-Shufi
* Mustafa Tlass
* Hasan Turkmani
* Muhammad Umran
* Salim Yasin
* Yusuf Zuayyin

Yemen|

Ali Ahmad Nasser al-Dhahab

Heads of state|

| Iraq|

* Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
* Saddam Hussein

|

Syria|

* Amin al-Hafiz
* Nureddin al-Atassi
* Ahmad al-Khatib
* Hafez al-Assad
* Abdul Halim Khaddam (interim)
* Bashar al-Assad

Heads of government|

| Iraq|

* Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr
* Saddam Hussein
* Sa'dun Hammadi
* Mohammed Hamza Zubeidi
* Ahmad Husayn Khudayir as-Samarrai

|

Syria|

* Salah al-Din al-Bitar
* Amin al-Hafiz
* Yusuf Zuayyin
* Nureddin al-Atassi
* Hafez al-Assad
* Abdul Rahman Khleifawi
* Mahmoud al-Ayyubi
* Muhammad Ali al-Halabi
* Abdul Rauf al-Kasm
* Mahmoud Al-Zoubi
* Muhammad Mustafa Mero
* Muhammad Naji al-Otari
* Adel Safar
* Riyad Farid Hijab
* Omar Ibrahim Ghalawanji
* Wael Nader al-Halqi
* Imad Khamis
* Hussein Arnous
* Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali

* = incumbent

Organization

| Regional branches|

| Iraqi-dominated faction|

* Algeria
* Bahrain
* Egypt
* Iraq
* Regional Command
* Jordan
* Lebanon
* Libya
* Mauritania
* Palestine
* Sudan
* Tunisia
* Yemen

|

Syrian-dominated faction|

* Jordan
* Lebanon
* Mauritania
* Palestine
* South Yemen
* Sudan
* Syria
* Central Command
* History
* National Security Bureau
* Yemen

Newspapers|

* Al-Ba'ath
* Sawt al-Jamahir
* Al-Thawra

Popular fronts|

* National Progressive Front (Iraq)
* National Progressive Front (Syria)

Wings|

| Paramilitary|

* Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order
* Ba'ath Brigades
* Fedayeen Saddam
* General Military Council for Iraqi Revolutionaries
* Jeish Muhammad
* National Defense Battalions
* Popular Army
* Supreme Command for Jihad and Liberation

|

Others|

* General Federation of Trade Unions
* General Union of Peasants
* Revolutionary Youth Union

Associated organizations

| Armed groups|

* Al-Abud Network
* Free Iraqi Army
* Rejectionists
* Snake Party

|

Breakaway groups|

* Arab Revolutionary Workers Party
* Arab Socialist Movement
* Damascus branch
* Arab Socialist Revolutionary Ba'ath Party
* Arabic Toilers' Movement
* Al-Awda
* Democratic Socialist Arab Ba'ath Party
* Palestinian Arab Front
* Socialist Lebanon
* Sudanese Ba'ath Party

Political alliances|

| Current|

* Alliance of Palestinian Forces
* Forces of Freedom and Change
* March 8 Alliance
* National Consensus Forces
* National Democratic Alliance
* Palestine Liberation Organization
* Palestinian National and Islamic Forces

|

Former|

* Ahd Bloc
* Front of Patriotic and National Parties
* Lebanese National Movement
* Lebanese National Resistance Front
* National Alliance for the Liberation of Syria
* National Union Front
* Palestinian National Alliance
* Palestinian National Salvation Front
* Rejectionist Front

Political parties|

* Arab Socialist Union Party
* Arab Democratic Union Party
* Democratic Socialist Unionist Party
* Kurdistan Revolutionary Party
* Libyan National Movement
* National Covenant Party
* Popular Unity Party
* Sawab
* Social Democratic Unionists
* Socialist Unionist Party
* Syrian Communist Party
* Bakdash
* Unified
* Syrian Social Nationalist Party
* in Lebanon

Miscellaneous

| Ideology|

* Anti-imperialism
* Anti-Zionism
* Arab nationalism
* Arab socialism
* Assadism
* Ba'athism
* Neo-Ba'athism
* Pan-Arabism
* Progressivism
* Republicanism
* Revolutionary socialism
* Romantic nationalism
* Saddamism
* Secularism
* Socialism
* Vanguardism

|

Literature|

* The Battle for One Destiny
* On the Way of Resurrection

Symbolism|

* Ardulfurataini
* Pan-Arab colors
* Waḥda, Ḥurriyya, Ishtirākiyya

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