Archduke Ernest of Austria

Austrian nobleman (1553–1595)

Not to be confused with Archduke Ernest of Austria (1824–1899).

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.
Find sources: "Archduke Ernest of Austria" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2012)

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Ernest of Austria

Archduke of Austria

Portrait by Martino Rota c. 1580

Born| 15 June 1553[1]
Vienna, Archduchy of Austria
Died| 20 February 1595(1595-02-20) (aged 41)[1]
Brussels, Duchy of Brabant
House| Habsburg
Father| Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
Mother| Maria of Spain
Tomb of Archduke Ernest of Austria

Archduke Ernest of Austria (German: Ernst von Österreich; 15 June 1553 – 20 February 1595)[1] was an Austrian prince, the son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria of Spain.

## Biography[edit]

Born in Vienna, he was educated with his brother Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor, in the court of Spain.[1] He was a candidate in the 1573 Polish–Lithuanian royal election for the throne of Poland. From 1576 onwards, he was governor in the Archduchy of Austria, where he promoted the Counter-Reformation. In 1590, he became governor of Inner Austria as regent for his young cousin Ferdinand, and from 1594 to 1595 he served as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands.

He died in Brussels on 20 February 1595 and was eventually succeeded in the Netherlands by his brother Albert. Ernest owned the Months of the Year cycle series of works painted by Pieter Bruegel the Elder; one painting, High Spring (showing April or May) is lost):

* The Gloomy Day (February/March)

* A 1565 Brugel sketch "Spring" although not part of the Months cycle series it could very well be similar to what Bruegel had in mind when he painted "High Spring" {April/May)

* The Hay Harvest (June/July)

* The Harvesters (August/September)

* The Return of the Herd (October/November)

* The Hunters in the Snow (December/January)

## Ancestry[edit]

Ancestors of Archduke Ernest of Austria

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16\. Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor[9] (= 24)

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| 8\. Philip I of Castile[4]|

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| 17\. Mary, Duchess of Burgundy[10] (= 25)

| 4\. Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor[2]|

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| 18\. Ferdinand II of Aragon[5] (= 26, 30)

| 9\. Joanna I of Castile[5]|

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| 19\. Isabella I of Castile[5] (= 27, 31)

| 2\. Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor|

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| 20\. Casimir IV Jagiellon[6]

| 10\. Vladislas II of Bohemia and Hungary[6]|

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| 21\. Elisabeth of Austria[6]

| 5\. Anne of Bohemia and Hungary[2]|

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| 22\. Gaston de Foix, Count of Candale[11]

| 11\. Anne of Foix-Candale[6]|

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| 23\. Catherine of Foix[12]

| 1\. Archduke Ernest of Austria |
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| 24\. Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor (= 16)

| 12\. Philip I of Castile[7] (= 8)|

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| 25\. Mary, Duchess of Burgundy (= 17)

| 6\. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor[3]|

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| 26\. Ferdinand II of Aragon (= 18, 30)

| 13\. Joanna I of Castile[7] (= 9)|

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| 27\. Isabella I of Castile (= 19, 31)

| 3\. Maria of Austria|

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| 28\. Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu[8]

| 14\. Manuel I of Portugal[8]|

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| 29\. Beatrice of Portugal[8]

| 7\. Isabella of Portugal[3]|

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| 30\. Ferdinand II of Aragon[13] (= 18, 26)

| 15\. Maria of Aragon[8]|

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| 31\. Isabella I of Castile[13] (= 19, 27)

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## Male-line family tree[edit]

Habsburg

[n 1]
Original line /  Albertinian line /  Leopoldian line

Max and Philip line /  Spanish / Iberian line /  Austrian / HRE line

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Albert
Count of Habsburg
(c. 1188–1239)

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Rudolf I
of Germany
(c. 1218–1291)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Albert I
of Germany
(1255–1308)| | | | | Hartmann
(1263–1281)| | | | Rudolf II
Duke of Austria
(1270–1290)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Rudolf I
of Bohemia
(1281–1307)| | Frederick
the Fair
(c. 1289–1330)| | Leopold I
Duke of Austria
(1290–1326)| | | Albert II
Duke of Austria
(1298–1358)| | | Henry
the Friendly
(1299–1327)| | Otto
Duke of Austria
(1301–1339)| | John
Parricida
(c. 1290–1312/13)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Rudolf IV
Duke of Austria
(1339–1365)| | Frederick III
Duke of Austria
(1347–1362)| | | Albert III
Duke of Austria
(1349–1395)| | | | | | | | | | | Leopold III
Duke of Austria
(1351–1386)| | | | | Frederick II
Duke of Austria
(1327–1344)| | Leopold II
Duke of Austria
(1328–1344)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Albert IV
Duke of Austria
(1377–1404)| | William
Duke of Austria
(c. 1370–1406)| | Leopold IV
Duke of Austria
(1371–1411)| | | Ernest
Duke of Austria
(1377–1424)| | | | | | | Frederick IV
Duke of Austria
(1382–1439)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Albert II
of Germany
(1397–1439)| | | | | | | | | | | Frederick III
HRE
(1415–1493)| | | Albert VI
Archduke of Austria
(1418–1463)| | Sigismund
Archduke of Austria
(1427–1496)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ladislaus
the Posthumous
(1440–1457)| | | | | | | | | | | Maximilian I
HRE
(1459–1519)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Philip I
of Castile
(1478–1506)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Charles V
HRE
(1500–1558)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ferdinand I
HRE
(1503–1564)| | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Philip II
of Spain
(1527–1598)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Maximilian II
HRE
(1527–1576)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ferdinand II
Archduke of Austria
(1529–1595)| | | | Charles II
Archduke of Austria
(1540–1590)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Carlos
Prince of Asturias
(1545–1568)| | Philip III
of Spain
(1578–1621)| | | | Rudolf II
HRE
(1552–1612)| | Ernest
of Austria
(1553–1595)| | Matthias
HRE
(1557–1619)| | Maximilian III
Archduke of Austria
(1558–1618)| | Albert VII
Archduke of Austria
(1559–1621)| | Wenceslaus
Archduke of Austria
(1561–1578)| | Andrew
Margrave of Burgau
(1558–1600)| | Charles
Margrave of Burgau
(1560–1618)| | Ferdinand II
HRE
(1578–1637)| | Maximilian Ernest
of Austria
(1583–1616)| | | | Leopold V
Archduke of Austria
(1586–1632)| | Charles
of Austria
(1590–1624)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Philip IV
of Spain
(1605–1665)| | Charles
of Austria
(1607–1632)| | Ferdinand
of Austria
(1609–1641)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | John-Charles
of Austria
(1605–1619)| | Ferdinand III
HRE
(1608–1657)| | Leopold Wilhelm
of Austria
(1614–1662)| | Ferdinand Charles
Archduke of Austria
(1628–1662)| | Sigismund Francis
Archduke of Austria
(1630–1665)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Balthasar Charles
Prince of Asturias
(1629–1646)| | Charles II
of Spain
(1661–1700)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ferdinand IV
King of the Romans
(1633–1654)| | Leopold I
HRE
(1640–1705)| | Charles Joseph
of Austria
(1649–1664)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Joseph I
HRE
(1678–1711)| | Charles VI
HRE
(1685–1740)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Notes:

1. ^ "Habsburg family tree". Habsburg family website. 28 October 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2023.

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c d Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1860). "Habsburg, Ernst" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 6\. p. 180 - via Wikisource.
2. ^ a b Press, Volker (1990), "Maximilian II.", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 16, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 471–475; (full text online)
3. ^ a b Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Maria von Spanien" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7\. p. 19 - via Wikisource.
4. ^ Wurzbach, Constantin von, ed. (1861). "Habsburg, Philipp I. der Schöne von Oesterreich" . Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich [Biographical Encyclopedia of the Austrian Empire] (in German). Vol. 7\. p. 112 - via Wikisource.
5. ^ a b c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Joanna" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
6. ^ a b c d Priebatsch, Felix (1908), "Wladislaw II.", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 54, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 688–696
7. ^ a b Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor at the Encyclopædia Britannica
8. ^ a b c d Stephens, Henry Morse (1903). The story of Portugal. G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. 125, 139, 279. ISBN 9780722224731. Retrieved 11 July 2018.
9. ^ Holland, Arthur William (1911). "Maximilian I. (emperor)" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
10. ^ Poupardin, René (1911). "Charles, called The Bold, duke of Burgundy" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 5 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
11. ^ Boureau, Alain (1995). The Lord's First Night: The Myth of the Droit de Cuissage. Translated by Cochrane, Lydia G. The University of Chicago Press. p. 96.
12. ^ Noubel, P., ed. (1877). Revue de l'Agenais [Review of the Agenais]. Vol. 4\. Société académique d'Agen. p. 497.
13. ^ a b Harris, Carolyn (2017). Raising Royalty: 1000 Years of Royal Parenting. Dundurn Press. p. 78.

Government offices

Preceded by

Peter Ernst I von Mansfeld-Vorderort

|  Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands
1594–1595  | Succeeded by

Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo

* v
* t
* e

Austrian archdukes

Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished in 1919.

1st generation|

* Frederick V
* Albert VI
* Sigismund

2nd generation|

* Maximilian I

3rd generation|

* Philip I of Castile

4th generation|

* Charles I
* Ferdinand I

5th generation|

* Philip II of SpainS
* Maximilian II
* Ferdinand II
* Charles II

6th generation|

* Charles, Prince of AsturiasS
* Ferdinand, Prince of AsturiasS
* Diego, Prince of AsturiasSP
* Philip III of SpainSP
* Rudolf V
* Ernest
* Matthias
* Maximilian III
* Albert VII
* Wenceslaus
* Ferdinand III
* Maximilian Ernest
* Leopold V
* Charles, Bishop of Wroclaw

7th generation|

* Philip IV of SpainSP
* CharlesSP
* FerdinandSP
* AlonsoSP
* Ferdinand IV
* Leopold Wilhelm
* Ferdinand Charles
* Sigismund Francis

8th generation|

* Balthasar Charles, Prince of AsturiasSP
* Philip Prospero, Prince of AsturiasS
* Charles II of SpainS
* Ferdinand IV of Hungary
* Leopold VI
* Charles Joseph

9th generation|

* Joseph I
* Leopold Joseph
* Charles III

11th generation|

* Joseph IIT
* Charles JosephT
* Leopold VIIT
* FerdinandT
* Maximilian Franz, Archbishop-Elector of CologneT

12th generation|

* Emperor Francis IT
* Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of TuscanyT
* CharlesT
* Alexander LeopoldT
* JosephT
* Anton VictorT
* JohnT
* Rainer JosephT
* LouisT
* Cardinal RudolfT
* Francis IV, Duke of ModenaM
* Ferdinand Karl JosephM
* MaximilianM
* Karl Ambrosius, Primate of HungaryM

13th generation|

* Emperor Ferdinand I
* Joseph Franz
* Franz Karl
* Leopold II, Grand Duke of TuscanyT
* Albrecht
* Karl Ferdinand
* Frederick Ferdinand
* Wilhelm Franz
* Stephen
* Joseph Karl
* Leopold Ludwig
* Ernest
* Sigismund
* Rainer Ferdinand
* Heinrich Anton
* Francis V, Duke of ModenaM
* Ferdinand Karl ViktorM

14th generation|

* Emperor Franz Joseph I
* Maximilian I of Mexico
* Karl Ludwig
* Ludwig Viktor
* Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of TuscanyT
* Karl SalvatorT
* Ludwig SalvatorT
* John SalvatorT
* Friedrich
* Charles Stephen
* Eugen
* Joseph August
* Archduke Ladislaus Philipp

15th generation|

* Crown Prince Rudolf
* Franz Ferdinand
* Otto
* Ferdinand Karl
* Leopold FerdinandT
* Josef FerdinandT
* Peter FerdinandT
* Leopold SalvatorT
* Franz SalvatorT
* Albrecht Franz
* Karl Albrecht
* Leo Karl
* Wilhelm
* Joseph Francis

16th generation|

* Emperor Charles I
* Maximilian

Habsburg
Tuscany|

* GottfriedT
* RainerT
* Leopold MariaT
* AntonT
* Franz JosephT
* Karl PiusT
* Franz Karl SalvatorT
* Hubert SalvatorT

Palatines
of Hungary|

* Joseph Árpád
* Géza

17th generation|

| Descent of
Charles I|

* Crown Prince Otto
* Robert
* Felix
* Carl Ludwig
* Rudolf

|

Tuscany|

* DominicT

Palatines|

* Eduard

18th generation|

| Charles|

* Karl
* Georg
* LorenzB
* Karl Philipp
* Simeon

|

19th generation|

| Charles|

* Ferdinand Zvonimir
* Károly
* AmedeoB

|

* S: also an infante of Spain
* P: also an infante of Portugal
* T: also a prince of Tuscany
* M: also a prince of Modena
* B: also a prince of Belgium

Authority control databases

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* FAST
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National|

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Artists|

* RKD Artists

People|

* Netherlands
* Deutsche Biographie

Other|

* RISM

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