Armanaz

Town in Idlib Governorate, Syria

Armanaz

أَرْمَنَاز

Town

Armanaz

Coordinates: 36°05′N 36°30′E﻿ / ﻿36.083°N 36.500°E﻿ / 36.083; 36.500
Country|  Syria
Governorate| Idlib Governorate
District| Harem District
Nahiyah| Armanaz Nahiyah
Occupation| Hayat Tahrir al-Sham
Elevation

| 340 m (1,120 ft)
Population

(2004 census)[1]

• Total

| 10,296
Time zone| UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)| UTC+3 (EEST)

Armanaz (Arabic: أَرْمَنَاز, romanized: Armanāz) is a town in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Harem District, in the Idlib Governorate. It is located 20 kilometers northwest of Idlib near the Syrian-Turkish borders.[2] Nearby localities include Salqin, Harem and Kafr Takharim to the north and Idlib, Ma'arrat Misrin and Saraqib to the southeast.

According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, Armanaz had a population of 10,296 in the 2004 census.[1] Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[3] The town is the administrative center of the Armanaz Subdistrict (nahiyah), consisting of 12 villages with a combined population of 27,267.[1]

Armanaz is well known for its glass-manufacturing industry.[4] It is the only village in northern Syria that specializes in this artisan craft, which it has been specializing since ancient times.[3] It is also well known for its olive groves, olive oil and pottery.

## History

[edit]

### Ancient period

[edit]

The name "Armanaz" is of pre-Semitic origin.[4] It may be the sight of the ancient Assyrian city of Tarmanazi.[3] According to historian Carl Joham Lamm, ancient sources indicate that Armanaz was founded by glass workers from a town near Tyre (modern-day Lebanon) with the same name.[5]

### Medieval period

[edit]

In 1098 the Muslim Seljuk ruler of Antioch, Yaghi-Siyan, was killed in Armanaz,[6] then an estate of Maarrat Misrin,[7] while escaping the city upon the capture of nearby Antioch by the Crusaders.[6] Armanaz became a Crusader town known as "Emine" or "Eminas" during the 11th century.[3] During Ayyubid rule in the early 13th-century, Syrian geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi wrote that the village Armanaz was "an ancient and small town, distant from Halab (Aleppo) about 5 leagues. They make here pots and drinking-vessels, red in colour, and very sweet to smell."[8]

Medieval Muslim historian Izz al-Din ibn Shaddad al-Halabi mentioned Armanaz as one of 22 abandoned or ruined fortresses in the Aleppo region, likely destroyed during the Mongol invasions of Syria in the mid to late 13th century and was not rebuilt by the Mamluks who gained power in the region during that time.[9]

### Modern era

[edit]

Map of Armanaz Subdistrict,
in the Idlib Governorate.

During the anti-French revolt led by Ibrahim Hananu in 1919, Hananu's fighters administered Armanaz and by working with the former head of its municipality, levied taxes on landowners, livestock owners and farmers to support the rebel effort. From Armanaz, Hananu's authority extended to Harem, Jisr al-Shughur, Kafr Takharim and Idlib with the same process of taxation and administration being repeated in those municipalities.[10]

In the early 1960s, it was a large village of approximately 3,000 people.[3]

Following weeks of clashes in the summer of 2012, during the ongoing Syrian Civil War, opposition rebels captured Armanaz from the Syrian Army on 20 June.[2]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c General Census of Population and Housing 2004 Archived 2013-02-06 at the Wayback Machine. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Latakia Governorate. (in Arabic)
2. ^ a b Syria: Rebels appear to control large parts of northwest. Global Post. 2012-07-04.
3. ^ a b c d e Boulanger, 1966, p. 478.
4. ^ a b Litman, 1949, p. 77.
5. ^ Lamm, 1941, p. 62.
6. ^ a b Ginkel, p. 241.
7. ^ Gibb, p. 44.
8. ^ le Strange, 1890, p. 399.
9. ^ Raphael, 2010, pp. 89-90.
10. ^ Gelvin, 1998, p. 134.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Boulanger, Robert (1966). The Middle East, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Iraq, Iran. Hachette.
* Gelvin, James L. (1999). Divided Loyalties: Nationalism and Mass Politics in Syria at the Close of Empire. University of California Press. ISBN 0520210700.
* Litman, Enno (1949). Syria Publications of the Princeton University Archeological Expedions to Syria in 1904-5 and 1906 Division Iv Semitic Inscriptions. BRILL Archive.
* Carl Johan Lamm (1941). Oriental Glass of Mediaeval Date Found in Sweden and the Early History of Lustre-painting. Wahlström & Widstrand i.komm.
* le Strange, Guy (1890). Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
* Kate Raphael (2010). Muslim Fortresses in the Levant: Between Crusaders and Mongols. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780203845165.

* v
* t
* e

Idlib Governorate

Capital: Idlib

Idlib District

| Idlib Subdistrict|

* Idlib
* Al-Mastumah
* Faylun
* Qminas
* Aqrabat
* Arshani
* Ein Shib
* Kafruhin
* Kreiz
* Martein
* Nayrab
* Ora Shamaliyah
* Sijer
* Tab Issa Gharbi wa Sharki

|

Abu al-Duhur Subdistrict|

* Abu al-Duhur
* Tell Sultan
* Tell Touqan
* Ballisa
* Baragethi
* Barissa
* Busra - Zafar Saghir
* Harmala
* Hmeimat Eldayer
* Hseiniyeh - Tell Kalba
* Jallas
* Jdidhe Abu Elthohur
* Msheirfeh
* Mustariha
* Ras El Ein
* Rasm Abed
* Tell Elaghar
* Tell Fukhar
* Tell Silmo
* Taljineh
* Talkhatra
* Tawahineh
* Tawil Elsheikh
* Tweim
* Taweila
* Zafar al-Kabir

Saraqib Subdistrict|

* Saraqib
* Khan al-Sabil
* Mardikh
* Abul Khos
* Afs
* Ajez
* Anqrati
* Bijfas
* Bweiti
* Dadikh
* Jobas
* Kafr Battikh
* Kafr Amim
* Khuwara
* Lof
* Maar Dibsi
* Maharem
* Rasafa
* Rayan
* Salamin
* San
* Sheikh Idris
* Tell Karatine
* Tronba

Taftanaz Subdistrict|

* Taftanaz
* Ketyan
* Maaret Elnaasan
* Shallakh
* Talhiyeh

Maarrat Misrin Subdistrict|

* Maarrat Misrin
* Zardana
* Harbanoush
* Hizano
* Kafriya
* Kaftin
* Killi
* Maarrat al-Ikhwan
* Batenta
* Bhora
* Kafr Jales
* Kafr Nabi
* Kafr Yahmul
* Murin
* Ram Hamdan
* Taltuneh

Binnish Subdistrict|

* Binnish
* Al-Fu'ah
* Ta'um

Sarmin Subdistrict|

* Sarmin

Ma'arrat al-Nu'man District

| Maarrat al-Nu'man Subdistrict|

* Ma'arrat al-Nu'man
* Abu Makki
* Babilla
* Barsa
* Bsida
* Al-Dana
* Deir al-Gharbi
* Deir Sharqi
* Al-Ghadfa
* Halbeh
* Hantutin
* Harran
* Hatamiyeh
* Hazzan
* Hraki
* Jarada
* Jarjnaz
* Kafr Rumah
* Kanayes
* Kuweires
* Maar Shamshah
* Maar Shamarin
* Maar Shurin
* Maasaran
* Qaratli
* Samkeh
* Sarman
* Tell Dibis
* Tell Kersyan
* Tell Mannas
* Thahrat Talamnas
* Tqana

|

Khan Shaykhun Subdistrict|

* Khan Shaykhun
* Abdin
* Baarbu
* Hbit
* Kafr Ein
* Nqeir
* Qasabiyeh
* Umm Zaytuna

Sinjar Subdistrict|

* Sinjar
* Abu Sharji
* Abul Eleij
* Bashkun
* Borj
* Brennan
* Dreibiyeh
* Dwadiyeh
* Ejaz
* Fahil Jallas
* Ferwan
* Ghazileh
* Halban
* Hawa
* Heisa
* Jaberiyeh
* Jahman
* Jeb Elqasab
* Kafraya Elmaarra
* Karatin al-Kabir
* Karatin Saghir
* Karsanti
* Khayriyeh
* Khayriyeh Saghira
* Khwein Elshaer
* Khyara
* Lweibdeh Shamaliyah
* Lweibdeh Sharki
* Magharet Merza
* Maksar
* Mardagana Burtuqala
* Mreiheb
* Mreijeb Elmashad
* Mutawaseta
* Nibaz
* Ojeh
* Qasr Elabyad
* Qatra
* Rabeeah Brennan
* Rabeeah Musa
* Rasm Elabed
* Saree
* Sarja Gharbiya
* Sarja Sharkiya
* Sayadi
* Seraa
* Shara - Sharat Elajayez
* Sheikh Barakeh
* Sqiah
* Tell Dam
* Tell Elojeh
* Tell Halawa
* Tellemara
* Thleijeh
* Umm Sehrij
* Umm Tini
* Umm Mweilat Janubiyah

Kafr Nabl Subdistrict|

* Kafr Nabl
* Hazarin
* Hass
* Basqala
* Dara al-Kabira
* Faqie
* Fleifel
* Ftireh
* Jbala
* Kafr Musa
* Kafr Oweid
* Karsaa
* Kawkabeh
* Lweibdeh
* Maar Tahroma
* Maar Tamater
* Maar Tesin
* Maarzita
* Milaja
* Qoqfin
* Rasha Shamaliya
* Sfuhen
* Sheikh Mustafa
* Shorlin
* Tramla
* Umm Nir

Tamanah Subdistrict|

* Al-Tamanah
* Sukayk
* Abu Dali
* Abu Omar
* Breiseh
* Dajaj
* Farja
* Hamadaniyeh
* Khwein al-Kabir
* Mashraf Rajmel Mashraf
* Msheirfeh Qabliyeh
* Mushayrifa Shamaliya
* Niha
* Qleiat Eltubiyeh
* Raffa
* Rweideh
* Sahal
* Shatib
* Tell Khanzir
* Tell Maraq
* Tama
* Umm Elkhalayel
* Umm Jalal

Hish Subdistrict|

* Hish
* Abu Habbeh
* Ameriyeh
* Amudiyeh
* Armanaya
* Babuline
* Jabala Sharqiya
* Kafr Basin
* Kafrsajna
* Maar Hattat
* Maysruneh
* Moqa
* Rakaya Sijneh
* Sahyan
* Salhiyeh
* Sheikh Dames
* Al-Tah
* Tahtaya

Ariha District

| Ariha Subdistrict|

* Ariha
* Iblin
* Kafr Latah
* Kurin
* Nahlaya
* Shinan
* Urum al-Jawz
* Abkally
* Bab Ellah
* Banin
* Bazabur
* Berjhab
* Ebneh
* Kafr Shalaya
* Kafraziba
* Maarbalit
* Maarzaf
* Majdaliya
* Moataf
* Maataram
* Mseibin
* Nahleh
* Sarja
* Thaheriya
* Al-Badria

|

Ihsim Subdistrict|

* Ihsim
* Al-Rami
* Juzif
* Marayan
* Abdita
* Arnaba
* Balshun
* Balyun
* Bara
* Bsames
* Deir Sunbul
* Ein Laruz
* Farkya
* Iblin
* Kafr Haya
* Kansafra
* Maghara
* Marata
* Mozra

Muhambal Subdistrict|

* Muhambal
* Anb
* Bales
* Baqlid
* Baydar Shamsu
* Beftamun
* Bsanqul
* Hila
* Hlul
* Hmeimat
* Jadraya
* Kafrmid
* Kniseh
* Laj Shamali
* Matleh, Ariha
* Ora Qabli - Edwan
* Sahen
* Sararif
* Shagurit
* Al-Sad
* Al-Marj

Jisr al-Shughur District

| Jisr al-Shughur Subdistrict|

* Jisr ash-Shughur
* Al-Marj Al-Akhdar Al-Sharqi
* Alyeh
* Balmis
* Bkafla
* Bsheiriyeh - Bello
* Bteibat
* Bzeit
* Dgali
* Ein Elhamra
* Ein Elsoda
* Eshtabraq
* Frikeh
* Ghanya
* Al-Ghassaniyah
* Hallouz
* Hseiniyeh
* Jannet Elqora
* Kafir
* Kniset Nakhleh
* Maalaqa - Bishlamon
* Marj Akhdar Gharbi
* Marj Elzohur
* Matleh
* Mintar
* Msheirfeh
* Qaysiyeh
* Rawda
* Sabileh
* Salhiyeh
* Sali
* Sheikh Sindyan Fawqani
* Shghur Fawqani
* Sokkariyeh
* Tell Awar
* Tell Hamki
* Umm Elgar
* Umm Rish
* Watba
* Al-Arien
* Shughur Tahtani

|

Bidama Subdistrict|

* Bidama
* Armala
* Baksariya
* Ein El-Bayda
* Hanbushiyeh
* Kherbet Eljoz
* Kinda
* Maraand
* Najiyeh
* Ramliyeh
* Shaturiyeh
* Tuffahiyeh
* Yunesiyeh
* Sheikh Sndian Tahtani

Darkush Subdistrict|

* Darkush
* Zarzur
* Amud
* Andnaniyeh - Farjein
* Deir Othman
* Dorriyeh
* Ghazala - Mgheidleh
* Jamiliya
* Matleh - Batlaya
* Mazuleh
* Maryamin
* Ramadiyeh
* Sadiyeh - Bsentiya
* Sawadiya - Nabhan
* Sheikh Issa Elashury
* Thahr
* Turin
* Zahraa
* Zanbaqi

Janudiyah Subdistrict|

* Al-Janudiyah
* Al-Quniyah
* Al-Yacoubiyah
* Athar
* Foz - Zuf
* Hamama - Kafr Debbin
* Hassaniyeh - Hatya
* Judayda
* Maland
* Mudiah - Luxin
* Nasra
* Qaderiyeh - Qayqun
* Tiba - Katrin

Harem District

| Harem Subdistrict|

* Harem
* Ariba
* Besnaya - Bseineh
* Kafr Hum
* Kafr Mu
* Mira Shaq

|

Dana Subdistrict|

* Al-Dana
* Salwah
* Atme
* Qah
* Kafr Dariyan
* Sarmada
* Taladah
* Turmanin
* Aqrabat
* Burj Elnumra
* Deir Hassan - Darhashan
* Hezreh - Hezri
* Tell Elkarame

Salqin Subdistrict|

* Salqin
* Abu Talha
* Isqat
* Al-Alani
* Azmarin
* Talamar
* Betiya
* Bozanti
* Delbiya
* Ein Elbikara
* Foziyeh
* Hamziyeh
* Hir Jamus Kabir
* Hir Jamus Saghir
* Kafarna
* Kafr Hind
* Kafrahlat Jallad
* Saidiyeh
* Al-Shiokh
* Al-Tlul

Kafr Takharim Subdistrict|

* Kafr Takharim
* Kafr Kila
* Abarita
* Bshendlaya - Rashadiya
* Helleh
* Jadeen
* Kafr Maris
* Kuku - Ein Eljaj
* Taltita

Qurqania Subdistrict|

* Qurqania
* Banabil
* Barisha
* Qalb Loze
* Boz Ghaz
* Htan
* Kafr Aruq
* Merat Elshalaf
* Rabeeta
* Radwa
* Ras Elhisn
* Sardin
* Tur Laha

Armanaz Subdistrict|

* Armanaz
* Biret Armanaz
* Bsaliya
* Dweila
* Ghafar
* Hafasraja
* Haj Jomaa
* Kabta
* Kuwaro - Umm Elriyah
* Millis
* Quneitra
* Sheikh Yousef

* v
* t
* e

Cities and towns of Syria

Governorate centres|

* Aleppo
* Damascus
* Daraa
* Deir ez-Zor
* Hama
* al-Hasakah
* Homs
* Idlib
* Latakia
* Quneitra
* Raqqa
* Rif Dimashq
* Suwayda
* Tartus

District centres|

* Abu Kamal
* Afrin
* Ariha
* Atarib
* Ayn al-Arab
* Azaz
* al-Bab
* Baniyas
* Darayya
* Dayr Hafir
* Douma
* Duraykish
* Fiq
* al-Haffah
* Harem
* Izra'
* Jableh
* Jarabulus
* Jisr ash-Shughur
* Maarat al-Numaan
* al-Malikiyah
* Manbij
* Masyaf
* Mayadin
* Mhardeh
* al-Mukharram al-Foqani
* an-Nabk
* Palmyra
* Qamishli
* Qardaha
* Qatana
* Qudsaya
* al-Qusayr
* al-Qutayfah
* Ra's al-'Ayn
* al-Rastan
* as-Safira
* Safita
* Salamiyah
* Salkhad
* al-Sanamayn
* Shahba
* ash-Shaykh Badr
* al-Suqaylabiyah
* Talkalakh
* al-Tall
* Tell Abyad
* al-Thawrah
* Yabroud
* Zabadani

Sub-district centres|

* Abu Qilqil
* Abu al-Thuhur
* Akhtarin
* Amuda
* Arbeen
* Arima
* al-Ariqah
* al-Arishah
* Armanaz
* Arwad
* al-Asharah
* Assal al-Ward
* Awj
* Ayn al-Fijah
* Ayn Halaqim
* Ayn Issa
* Ayn al-Nasr
* Babbila
* Banan
* Barri Sharqi
* Beit Jinn
* Binnish
* Bir al-Helou
* Bosra
* Bulbul
* Busayrah
* Da'el
* al-Dana
* Darat Izza
* Darkush
* al-Darbasiyah
* Deir Atiyah
* al-Dimas
* al-Dumayr
* Furqlus
* Ghabaghib
* Ghandoura
* al-Ghariyah
* al-Ghizlaniyah
* al-Hader
* Hadidah
* al-Hajar al-Aswad
* al-Hajib
* Hajin
* al-Hamidiyah
* al-Hamraa
* Harasta
* Harbnafsah
* Harran al-Awamid
* al-Hirak
* Hish
* Hisyah
* al-Hawl
* Huraytan
* al-Huwash
* Ibbin Samaan
* Ihsim
* Jayrud
* al-Jalaa
* al-Janudiyah
* Jaramana
* al-Jarniyah
* Jasim
* al-Jawadiyah
* Jubb al-Jarrah
* Jubb Ramlah
* Jindires
* al-Jiza
* al-Qabu
* Kafr Batna
* Kafr Nabl
* Kafr Takharim
* Kafr Zita
* al-Karamah
* al-Kasrah
* Kessab
* al-Khafsah
* Khan Shaykhun
* Khasham
* Kirnaz
* Kuwayris Sharqi
* Khanaser
* Khirbet Ghazaleh
* Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud
* al-Kiswah
* Ma'arrat Misrin
* Maabatli
* Maadan
* Maaloula
* Madaya
* Mahin
* Malah
* al-Malihah
* al-Mansurah
* Mare'
* Markada
* Mashta al-Helu
* Maskanah
* al-Masmiyah
* al-Mazraa
* Muhambal
* Muhasan
* al-Musayfirah
* al-Mushannaf
* Muzayrib
* al-Nashabiyah
* al-Nasirah
* Nawa
* Nubl
* al-Qadmus
* al-Qahtaniyah
* Qalaat al-Madiq
* Qarah
* al-Qaryatayn
* al-Qurayya
* Qurqania
* Rajo
* Rankus
* Rasm Harmil al-Imam
* al-Rai
* al-Riqama
* al-Ruhaybah
* al-Saan
* Saasaa
* Sabburah
* al-Sabe' Biyar
* al-Sabkhah
* Sadad
* Sahnaya
* Saidnaya
* Salqin
* Saraqib
* Sarmin
* Sarrin
* Sawran
* Sebei
* al-Shaddadah
* al-Shajara
* Shaqqa
* Sharran
* Shathah
* Shaykh al-Hadid
* al-Shaykh Maskin
* Shayukh Tahtani
* Shin
* Sinjar
* Sirghaya
* Slinfah
* Suluk
* al-Surah al-Saghirah
* al-Suwar
* Suran
* al-Susah
* al-Sukhnah
* al-Tabni
* Talbiseh
* Taldou
* al-Tamanah
* Tasil
* Tell al-Daman
* Tell Hamis
* Tell Rifaat
* Tell Salhab
* Tell Tamer
* Tedef
* Thiban
* Uqayribat
* Urum al-Kubra
* Wadi al-Oyun
* al-Yaarubiyah
* al-Zirbah
* az-Ziyarah

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template