Armed Forces of Montenegro

Military forces of Montenegro

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Armed Forces of Montenegro

Војска Црне Горе (Montenegrin)

Flag of the Armed Forces of Montenegro

Motto| Čojstvo i Junaštvo (cnr)
Humanity and Bravery (en)
Founded| 1879
Current form| 2006
Service branches|

*  Ground Army
*  Navy
*  Air Force

Headquarters| Podgorica
Website| www.gov.me/mod/vojska-crne-gore
Leadership
Commander-in-chief|  Jakov Milatović
Minister of Defence| Dragan Krapović
Chief of the General Staff| Zoran Lazarević
Personnel
Military age| 18 years of age
Conscription| No
Fit for
military service| 184,159 males, age 15–49,
171,823 females, age 15–49
Active personnel| 2,350[1]
Expenditure
Budget| €134 million
Percent of GDP| 1.9% 2024
Industry
Domestic suppliers| TARA Aerospace and Defence Products AD
Foreign suppliers|  Israel
Italy
Czech Republic
Turkey
Serbia
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Romania
United States
Slovenia
Spain[2]
Related articles
History| Military history of Montenegro
Ranks| Military ranks of Montenegro

The Armed Forces of Montenegro (Montenegrin: Војска Црне Горе, romanized: Vojska Crne Gore) are the military forces of Montenegro. The Armed Forces consists of an army, navy and air force.

The military currently maintains a force of 2,350 active duty members.[1] The bulk of its equipment and forces were inherited from the Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro; as Montenegro contained the entire coastline of the former union, it retained the entire naval force.[citation needed]

On 5 June 2017, Montenegro joined NATO as the 29th member.

## Command

[edit]

### Leadership

[edit]

* Commander in Chief President Jakov Milatović

### Ministry of Defence

[edit]

* Minister of Defence, Dragan Krapović
* Chief of General Staff Brigadier General, Zoran Lazarević

## Bases

[edit]

### Air Bases

[edit]

* Golubovci Airbase (Podgorica)

### Naval Bases

[edit]

* Bar Naval Base
* Pero Ćetković Base
* Pristan Base

### Army Bases

[edit]

* Milovan Šaranović Army Base
* Nikšić Army Base
* V. K. Volođa Army Base
* Breza Army Base
* Masline Army Base
* Аndrijevica Army Base

## Units and structure

[edit]

Armed Forces of Montenegro organization 2021

* General Staff, in Podgorica[3]
* 1st Infantry Battalion, in Danilovgrad
* 1st Infantry Company, in Nikšić
* 2nd Infantry Company, in Pljevlja
* 3nd Infantry Company, in Andrijevica
* Mountain Infantry Company, in Kolašin
* Fire Support Company, in Podgorica
* Signal Platoon, in Danilovgrad
* NBC Defence Platoon, in Danilovgrad
* Service Section, in Danilovgrad
* Air Force, at Podgorica Airbase
* Flying Squadron
* Air Surveillance & Reporting Centre, in Golubovci, reports to NATO's Integrated Air Defense System CAOC Torrejón in Spain
* Support Company
* Signal Platoon
* 1st Air-Defence Platoon
* 2nd Air-Defence Platoon
* Service Section
* Navy, in Bar
* Patrol Boat P105
* Patrol Boat P106
* Coastal Surveillance Company
* Training Ship "Jadran"
* Auxiliary Boats Detachment
* Support Company, in Danilovgrad
* Combat Support Battalion, in Podgorica
* Special Forces Company
* Marine Detachment
* Military Police Company
* Honorary Guard Company
* Support Battalion, in Danilovgrad
* Engineer Company
* Maintenance Company
* Mixed Logistic Company
* Warehouse Platoon
* Logistic Platoon
* 2nd Infantry Battalion (Reserve), in Pljevlja
* 3rd Infantry Battalion (Reserve), in Andrijevica
* Mixed Artillery Battalion (Reserve), in Nikšić
* Training Center, in Danilovgrad
* Medical Center, in Podgorica
* Signal and Electronic Warfare Company, in Podgorica

## Ranks and insignia

[edit]

Main article: Military ranks of Montenegro

## The military before 1918

[edit]

The King's Militia salutes Nicholas I in Lyons, France after his exile

After military successes in the wars 1876–1878 during which the Principality of Montenegro was enlarged by a large territory, from the Tara River in the north to the Adriatic Sea in the south (liberated towns Podgorica, Nikšić, Kolašin, Andrijevica, Bar and Ulcinj), reorganization in Montenegrin army was conducted in 1880. Each kapetanija (municipality) formed its reserve battalion. There were 42 battalions in total. Since 1881, regular military exercises were conducted.

Supreme Commander of the Montenegrin army was the monarch, Prince / King Nikola I. Operational command, organization and financial support of the Montenegrin army was entrusted to the Ministry of Defence, the department of the Government of the Principality / Kingdom of Montenegro.

Montenegrin military Krstaš barjak riddled with bullets after victory in the Battle of Vučji Do

General Staff of the Montenegrin army was part of the Ministry of Defence.

In 1882 first 14 Montenegrins were sent to officer schools abroad, particularly in Italy and Russia. In 1886, 10 of them completed their education and they become first trained officers in Montenegrin warrior history. These Montenegrin officers held courses in Podgorica, Nikšić and Cetinje.

In September 1895, the first permanent Infantry NCO school in Podgorica was opened, and the first NCOs got desečar rank. At the end of 1896, artillery officer school in Cetinje was established – the first Montenegrin officer school.

### Formations

[edit]

Montenegrin Artillery

In 1906 Montenegrin army received the first systematized regulations, and the Law on Organization of the Army was adopted in 1910. Infantry and artillery, were established, followed by two specialized branches (reconnaissance and pioneering), and additional branches (medics, military workshop, the military court staff, gendarmerie and logistics).

In 1913 the Montenegrin gendarmerie became a special Military Police unit.

Since the establishment of the internal Montenegrin telecommunications system in 1869, vital for the flow of military-defence information, it was under the jurisdiction of Ministry of the military.

Until 1912, the territory of the Kingdom of Montenegro was divided into four divisional areas:

* 1.Cetinje divisional area
* 2.Podgorica divisional area
* 3.Nikšić divisional area
* 4.Kolašin divisional area

After wars 1912th–1913th established additional two divisions field:

* 5.Pljevlja divisional area
* 6.Peć divisional area

By 1912, the Montenegrin Army had 11 brigade areas, 52 districts and 322 battalion troop areas. Divisions were composed of 2–3 Infantry Brigade.

Each divisional command had three artillery batteries. On the eve of the First Balkan War Kingdom of Montenegro lined up 55,000 soldiers.

After the establishment of the Kingdom of Montenegro in 1910, Montenegro was involved in three wars with the first one being the First Balkan War, in alliance with Serbia, Greece, Romania, and Bulgaria against the Ottoman Empire. The Second Balkan War was fought between Montenegro, Serbia, Greece, Romania and the Ottoman Empire against Bulgaria, with Bulgaria consequently losing significant territory in the north, Thrace, and Macedonia.

The Military of Montenegro before 1918, was much larger than today's military. During World War I, Montenegro mobilised 50,000 troops. The Commander-in-Chief was King Nikola I of Montenegro, while the General of Staff was Božidar Janković. Units included:

* Pljevlja Division

The Pljevlja Division was commanded by Brigadier Luka Gojnić. The division was made up of 10 battalions. It had around 6,000 soldiers and patrolled the area east from Pljevlja.

* Herzegovina Detachment

The Herzegovina Detachment was commanded by Serdar (Count) Janko Vukotić. The detachment was made up of 15 battalions. It had around 15,000 soldiers, and patrolled the border with Herzegovina.

* Lovćen Detachment

The Lovćen Detachment was commanded by divizijar Mitar Martinović. The detachment was made up of 18 battalions. It had around 8,000 soldiers, and patrolled the areas of Lovćen and Sutorman.

* Old Serbia' Detachment

The 'Old Serbia' Detachment was commanded by Brigadier Radomir Vešović. The detachment was made up of 13 battalions. It had around 6,000 soldiers and secured the Albanian border.

### Uniforms

[edit]

Most soldiers of the Montenegrin army had no uniforms. At mobilization, the soldiers were issued with a rifle and a badge to put on the cap. Both soldiers and officers in the reserve wore national costume. The badges in the caps had different designs depending on the rank of the wearer.

Dress Uniforms. 1\. Komandir in national costume, 2/3. Divizijar, 4. Vojvod in national costume, 5/6. Officers, 7. Officer of the Royal Escort in national costume, 8. Private soldier, 9. Divizijar. Field Uniforms. 1\. Private soldier, 2. Bugler, 3. Corporal (all in field uniforms), 4.Captain in field uniform, 5. Lieutenant in cloak, 6. Komandir in field uniform, 7. Komandir, 8. Reserve soldier (both in national costumes), 9. Soldier of the Royal Escort in field uniform, 10. Brigadir in great coat.

### Ranks and Badges

[edit]

All Montenegrins between 18 and 62 years were conscripts. Recruitment was done three times a year, and the recruits are in peacetime had to have at least 25 years.

* Officer ranks were: potporučnik, poručnik, kapetan, komandir, brigadir, divizijar
* NCO ranks were: desečar, donarednik, narednik
* Ceremonial ranks were: serdar, vojvoda

Cap Badges. From left to right. First row: Vojvod, Brigadir, Komandir, Lieutenant: Second row: Barjakdar = ensign, Vodnik = sergeant, Desečar = corporal, gunner

## Peacekeeping operations

[edit]

Montenegro participates in peace operations under the NATO and UN auspices as military troops and observers. Minister of Defense said that 85 soldiers are trained for international missions.[4] Montenegrin soldiers are trained by the German Bundeswehr.[5]

Montenegro sent 45 troops and medical personnel to the ISAF mission in Afghanistan and later took part in the Resolute Support Mission.[6][7]

Montenegro also participates in UN peacekeeping missions in Liberia, UNMIL, Cyprus, UNFICYP as military observers and Somalia, EU-NAVFOR.[8]

Current Mission | Organization  | Country  | Nr. of personnel

|
|
|

NATO EFP | NATO | Latvia | Special forces team
KFOR | NATO | Kosovo | 2 Officers
UNMIL | UN | Liberia | Officers as military observers
UNFICYP | UN | Cyprus | Officers as military observers
MINURSO | UN | Western Sahara | Officers as military observers
EU-NAVFOR | EU | Somalia | 12 Members (APVD team)[9]
EUTM Mali | EU | Mali | Officers training

## Equipment

[edit]

### Ground Army

[edit]

Weapon  | Country manufactured  | Cartridge  | Quantity  | Pictures  | Notes

|
|
|
|
|

Pistols
Glock 17[10] |  Austria | 9×19mm Parabellum |  |  | Standard gun of Montenegrin Military.[11]
Zastava CZ99 |  Serbia | 9×19mm Parabellum |  |  | Standard gun of Montenegrin Military
Tara TM9  |  Montenegro | 9×19mm Parabellum |  |  | Currently in use.
Submachine guns
Heckler & Koch MP5 |  Germany | 9×19mm Parabellum |  |  | Used by Special Forces.[12][13]
Tara TM-9  |  Montenegro | 9×19mm Parabellum |  |  | Similar to the Colt 9mm SMG, but with forward assist and Glock magazine compatibility.[14]
Assault rifles
Zastava M59/66 |  Yugoslavia | 7.62×39mm |  |  | Ceremonial rifle
MPT-76
MPT-55 |  Turkey | 7.62×51mm NATO
5.56×45mm NATO | 30  |  | 15 × rifles in NATO calibre 7.62×51mm and 15 × rifles in 5.56×45mm NATO ammunition according to a protocol signed by representatives of the Turkish and Montenegrin defence ministries in Ankara on 1 October 2019.[15]
Heckler & Koch G36 |  Germany | 5.56×45mm NATO | 655
(as of 2015)[16] |  | Standard rifle of Montenegrin Military
Steyr AUG |  Austria | 5.56×45mm NATO |  |  | Used by Special Forces
Heckler & Koch HK416 |  Germany | 5.56×45mm NATO |  |  | Used by Special Forces.[12][17]
Tara TM4  |  Montenegro | 5.56×45mm NATO |  |  | Standard issue rifle in the Montenegrin ground army
Zastava M70/M70A |  Yugoslavia
Serbia | 7.62×39mm |  |  | In reserve
Sniper rifles
Heckler & Koch PSG1 |  Germany | 7.62×51mm NATO |  |  | PSG 1 and MSG 90 in service.[18][19]
Zastava M93 Black Arrow |  Yugoslavia
Serbia | 12.7×108mm |  |  | In service
Zastava M76 |  Yugoslavia
Serbia | 7.92×57mm Mauser |  |  | In reserve
Zastava M91 |  Yugoslavia
Serbia | 7.62×54mmR |  |  | In reserve
Machine guns
Zastava M84 |  Yugoslavia
Serbia | 7.62×54mmR |  |  | In service.[12]
Zastava M72 |  Yugoslavia
Serbia | 7.62×39mm |  |  | In reserve
Grenade launcher
BGA 30mm |  Serbia | 30×29mm  |  |  | In service
Heckler & Koch AG36 |  Germany | 40×46mm |  |  | In service
Anti-tank
M79 Osa |  Yugoslavia | 90 mm rocket  |  |  | In service, planned to buy new man-portable anti-tank systems.[citation needed]
M80 Zolja |  Yugoslavia | 64 mm rocket  |  |  | In service, planned to buy new man-portable anti-tank systems.[citation needed]
9M14 Malyutka |  Soviet Union
Yugoslavia | 64 mm rocket  |  |  | In service
Mortar
M57 |  Yugoslavia | 60 mm  | 43  |  | In service
M69 |  Yugoslavia | 82 mm  | 44  |  | 14 active, 30 in reserve
M74/M75 |  Yugoslavia | 120 mm  | 32  |  | In service.[20]
Howitzer
D-30J 122 mm |  Soviet Union | 122 mm  | 12  |  | In service.[20]
Multiple rocket launchers
M-94 Plamen-S |  Yugoslavia | 128 mm  | 18  |  | In service.[20]
Armoured personnel carriers
model | country of origin | year of production | quantity | picture | notes
Oshkosh L-ATV |  United States
Israel | 2020 to 2024  | 67+?  |  | The Gale Banks Engineering diesel engine develops 340 hp, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 10.2 t, of which the payload is 3.8 t.

\- 55 vehicles are equipped with Elbit Systems RCWS (Remote Controlled Weapon Station) with a 12.7 mm heavy machine gun

\- 4 vehicles are equipped with Rafael Samson RCWS armed with M230LF 30 mm lightweight automatic chain gun,

\- 4 vehicles are equipped with missile launchers for Spike LR HEAT and Spike SR missiles

\- 4 vehicles are command and reconnaissance vehicle

\- In May 2023 Montenegrin MoD signed a 22 million USD contract with Elbit Systems for a purchase of an unspecified number of 120 mm SPEAR Mk2 mortar systems to be mounted on JLTVs.[21]

ACS LAPV 5.4 Enok |  Germany | 2018  | 6  |
| The diesel engine develops 184 hp, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 5.4 t.
Otokar Cobra |  Turkey | 2016  | 1  |  | The diesel engine develops 190 hp, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 6.7 t. Light armoured combat vehicle for chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear reconnaissance.
Achleitner RCV Survivor |  Austria | 2010  | 4  |
| The diesel engine develops 286 hp and 650 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 8 t, of which the payload is 2.5 t. Reconnaissance and Command Vehicle (RCV) have modified chassis of the Toyota Land Cruiser 200.
TAM BOV VP М86 |  Yugoslavia |  | 3  |  | The diesel engine develops 150 hp and 490 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 9.1 t.
Military light utility vehicle
Toyota Hilux RC 19 2.4 D 4x4 |  Japan | 2020  | 20  |  | The diesel engine develops 150 hp and 400 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 3 t, of which the payload is circa 1 t.
Mercedes-Benz G-Class[22] |  Germany | 2016  | 6  |  | The 3.0 V6 diesel engine develops 240 hp and 600 Nm
Toyota Land Cruiser |  Japan | 2016  | 1  |  | Ambulance vehicle
Isuzu D-Max |  Japan | 2016  | 1  |  | The diesel engine develops 163 hp and 400 Nm, and is used for food transport.
Achleitner MMV Survivor |  Austria | 2010  | 16  |  | The diesel engine develops 173 hp and 410 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 4 t, of which the payload is circa 0.8 t. Militarized Mission Vehicle (MMV) is Toyota Land Cruiser but with reinforced suspension, additional engine and gearbox protection, modified brake system and the intake and exhaust system (so that the vehicle could go through water), can cary five soldiers and in the trunk there are five boxes for automatic rifles (one for each soldier) and painted in military color.
Pinzgauer 710 |  Austria |  |  |  | The petrol engine develops 90 hp and 185 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 2,9 t, of which the payload is circa 1 t.
Military utility trucks
BMC 245-16P |  Turkey | 2023  | 2  |  | The Cummins 615Be 245 diesel engine develops 245 hp and 925 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 16 t, of which the payload is 8.5 t (off-road 5 t).
BMC 380-26P |  Turkey | 2023  | 1  |  | The Cummins ISMe 385 30 diesel engine develops 380 hp and 1,834 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 26 t, of which the payload is 15.5 t (off-road 10 t).
Iveco MUV |  Italy | 2019  | 1  |  | Ambulance vehicle
Mercedes-Benz Unimog 405 |  Germany | 2010  |  |  |
TAM 110 T7 B/BV |  Yugoslavia |  |  |  | The F4 L 413 R diesel engine develops 115 hp and 350 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 7 t, of which the payload is 2.5 t (off-road 1.5 t).
TAM 150 T11 B/BV |  Yugoslavia |  |  |  | The F6 L 413 R diesel engine develops 150 hp and 490 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 11.4 t, of which the payload is 5 t (off-road 3 t).
FAP 2026 |  Yugoslavia |  |  |  | The OM 402 diesel engine develops 256 hp and 834 Nm, gross vehicle mass (GVM) are 21 t, of which the payload is 10 t (off-road 6 t).
Engineering vehicles
IMK TG-110
IMK TG-140
IMK TG-160
IMK TG-190
IMK TG-220 |  Yugoslavia |  |  |  | Tracked bulldozer
IMK ULT-160 |  Yugoslavia |  |  |  | Wheeled bulldozer
CAT 434F |  United States |  |  |  | Backhoe loader

### Navy

[edit]

Class  | Country manufactured  | Variants  | Quantity  | Pictures  | Notes

|
|
|
|
|

Frigate
Kotor class |  Yugoslavia | – P-33 Kotor
\- P-34 Novi Sad | 1
1  |  | 2 in reserve[23]
Fast attack craft
Končar class |  Yugoslavia | – RTOP-405 Jordan Nikolov Orce
– RTOP-406 Ante Banina | 1
1  |  | Under reconstruction. The ship RTOP-405 rentered service in 2019. under name P-105 "Durmitor".[citation needed]
Transport and support
PO class |  Yugoslavia | – PO91  | 1  |  | 1 in reserve
Tugboats
Salvage tug |  Yugoslavia | – PR-41 (Orada)
\- LR-77  | 1
1  |  | 2 in active service
Sailing ship
Jadran |  Weimar Republic | Used as a training ship  | 1  |  | 1 in active service
Motor sailboat  |  Yugoslavia | – Bojana
\- Milena | 1
1  |  | 2 in active service
Motorboat
Diving boat  |  Yugoslavia | -Ronilačka baraksa 81
-Ronilačka barkasa 85 | 1
1  |  | 2 in active service
Motor boat Polycat |  Netherlands |  | 1  |  | 1 in active service
Motor boat  |  Yugoslavia | – ČM 33 | 1  |  | 1 in active service
Inflatable boat
Valiant 620PT  |  United Kingdom | Used by Marine Platoon  | 2  |  | 2 in active service
Motor yacht
Jadranka  |  Yugoslavia | VIP Yacht  | 1  |  | Offered for sale
Crane vessel
Floating Crane  |  Yugoslavia | LDI 18  | 1  |  | 1 in active service

### Air Force

[edit]

Aircraft  | Country manufactured  | Variant  | Quantity  | Pictures  | Notes

|
|
|
|
|

Transport
Cessna 421 Golden Eagle |  United States | Cessna 421B Golden Eagle  | 1  |  | One for transport, medical evacuation and training.[citation needed]
Transport and utility helicopters
SOKO Gazelle |  France
Yugoslavia | SA-341H HO-42

* * *

SA-341H HI-42

* * *

SA-342L HO-45

* * *

SA-342L HN-45M  | 4

* * *

* * *

* * *

4  |  | not in use from 2020
Bell 412 |  United States
Canada | 412EP

* * *

412EPI  | 1

* * *

2  |  | One EP variant and two EPI variants. Medical evacuation, search and rescue, aerial firefighting, patrol.[24][25]
Training helicopters
Bell 505 Jet Ranger X |  United States
Canada | Bell 505 Jet Ranger X  | 2  |  | Two for pilot training.[26]
Air defence
9K32 Strela-2M |  Soviet Union
Yugoslavia | Portable low-altitude surface-to-air missile  |  |  | Planned to buy new man-portable air-defense systems.[citation needed]
Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70 |  Sweden | Autocannon 40mm L/70,
works with GIRAFFE Radar  |  |  | Planned for modernization.[citation needed]
Giraffe radar |  Sweden | Early warning radar, works
with Bofors 40mm L/70  |  |  | Planned for modernization.[citation needed]

## Gallery

[edit]

* Members of Special Forces Brigade

* Members of Marine Detachment

* Special forces

* Montenegrin troops in Afghanistan

* Montenegrin troops in Afghanistan

* Infantry Company

* Infantry Company

* Sniper

* Achleitner RCV Survivor

* BOV M86

* Combat drill

* Soldier

* NBC Defence

* Military Police

* Montenegrin navy boat

* Montenegrin soldier holding a HK MP5

* Kotor class Frigate

## See also

[edit]

* Law enforcement in Montenegro
* List of wars involving Montenegro

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b International Institute for Strategic Studies (25 February 2021). The Military Balance 2021. London: Routledge. p. 126\. ISBN 9781032012278.
2. ^ "Where does Montenegro import Arms and ammunition". 14 November 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
3. ^ "Predlog odluke o organizacijsko - formacijskoj strukturi i veličini Vojske Crne Gore".
4. ^ "Spremaju se za Avganistan". Archived from the original on 25 July 2011.
5. ^ David Noack: Subsidiary Troops (German: Hilfstruppen), german-foreign-policy.com, 17.03.2008.
6. ^ "Kasarna Danilovgrad: Svečanost za vojnike koji idu u Avganistan". Archived from the original on 8 March 2010.
7. ^ "Rujović: Vojnici će opravdati očekivanja u misiji "Odlučna podrška" - Cafe del Montenegro". Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 12 December 2015.
8. ^ "Vojska Crne Gore u međunarodnim misijama i operacijama". Archived from the original on 7 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
9. ^ "Crnogorci brane "Esbjerg" od pirata".
10. ^ http://www.gov.me/files/1256832119.pdf Page 15
11. ^ "PIŠTOLJ – GLOCK 17". www.vojska.me. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
12. ^ a b c "Specijalci bez greške i na 40 °C". www.rtcg.me (in Montenegrin). 23 July 2015.
13. ^ "AUTOMAT HECKLER AND KOCH – MP5". www.vojska.me. Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
14. ^ Popenker, Maxim (25 November 2017). "TARA TM-9 SMG submachine gun (Montenegro)". Modern Firearms.
15. ^ DFNS. "Turkey gifts MPT rifles to Montenegro". DFNS.net Land. Archived from the original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
16. ^ "Schriftliche Fragen an die Bundesregierung im Monat Januar 2015; Frage Nr. 195" (PDF) (in German).
17. ^ "HECKLER AND KOCH – HK 416". www.vojska.me. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
18. ^ "POLUAUTOMATSKA SNAJPERSKA PUŠKA PSG 1". www.vojska.me. Archived from the original on 16 May 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
19. ^ "HECKLER AND KOCH MSG 90". www.vojska.me. Archived from the original on 31 January 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
20. ^ a b c International Institute for Strategic Studies (14 February 2017). The Military Balance 2017. Vol. 117 (1 ed.). London, United Kingdom: Routledge. p. 138\. ISBN 978-1857439007.
21. ^ "The wars also affect the pace of equipping the Army of Montenegro: the Americans are late, but not the Israelis". vijesti.me. 14 January 2024. Archived from the original on 30 January 2024.
22. ^ Montenegro army land ground armed forces military equipment armored vehicle intelligence pictures – Army Recognition
23. ^ "Crna Gora prodaje "Kotor" i "Pulu"".
24. ^ Bozinovski, Igor (5 February 2018). "Montenegro orders three Bell 412 helicopters". IHS Jane's 360. Skopje. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
25. ^ Zuvela, Maja; Sekularac, Ivana; Potter, Mark (30 January 2018). "Montenegro inks deal to buy three helicopters from Bell Helicopter". Reuters. Sarajevo. Archived from the original on 7 February 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
26. ^ "Montenegro Air Force adding two Canadian-built Bell 505s". 10 June 2020.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Military of Montenegro.

* Official Website (Montenegrin)
* Montenegro in NATO (Montenegrin)
* "Europe’s Newest State Trims the Army" (DefenseNews.com)[dead link]
* "Appointment of the Acting Chief of the General Staff of the Army of Montenegro" (Website of the President of Montenegro)
* Montenegrin Armed Forces / Vojska Crne Gore – VCG
* Perspective of the Military of Montenegro, in English
* Montenegrin Armed Forces before 1918 / Vojska Crne Gore prije 1918
* Debate on NATO in Montenegro
* Milo Đukanović appoints himself as Minister of Defense
* / Forum article about Montenegrin military (in Serbian)

* v
* t
* e

Armed Forces of Montenegro

* Montenegrin Ground Army
* Montenegrin Navy
* Montenegrin Air Force

* v
* t
* e

Montenegro articles

History|

* Roman period
* Praevalitana
* Duklja
* Zeta
* under Nemanjići
* under Balšići
* under Crnojevići
* Venetian period
* Venetian Albania
* French period
* Illyrian Provinces
* Ottoman period
* Sanjak
* Vilayet
* Austrian period
* Venetian Province
* Kingdom of Dalmatia
* Prince-Bishopric
* Principality
* Kingdom (1910–18)
* Kingdom of Yugoslavia
* Zeta Banovina
* World War II
* Italian governorate of Montenegro
* German occupied territory of Montenegro
* CASNO
* SFR Yugoslavia
* Socialist Republic
* Serbia and Montenegro
* Federal Republic
* 2006 independence referendum

Geography|

* Cities
* Extreme points
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* Protected areas
* Regions
* Rivers

Politics|

* Constitution
* Elections
* Foreign relations
* Military
* Municipalities
* Government
* Prime Minister
* President
* List
* Parliament
* Speaker
* Political parties
* Intelligence agency
* Law enforcement
* Human rights
* Religion
* LGBT rights

Economy|

* Central Bank
* Companies
* Euro (currency)
* Economy of Montenegro
* Telecommunications
* Mobile network operators
* Tourism
* Transport
* Rail

Society|

* Crime
* Demographics
* Education
* Languages
* Montenegrins
* List

Culture|

* Academy
* Architecture
* Cinema
* Cuisine
* Wine
* Folklore
* Literature
* Music
* Media
* News Agency
* Newspapers
* TV
* Radio
* Religion
* Sport
* World Heritage Sites

Symbols|

* Anthem
* Coat of arms
* List
* Flag
* List
* Name

* Outline

* Category

* v
* t
* e

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Symbols|

* Animus in consulendo liber
* Flag of NATO
* "The NATO Hymn"
* NATO Day
* NATO Medal
* NATO Star

History|

* North Atlantic Treaty
* Summits
* Operations
* List of exercises
* Enlargement
* potential withdrawal
* Opposition to NATO
* .nato Internet domain

Structure|

* NATO headquarters
* Council
* International Staff
* International Military Staff
* Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe
* Air Command
* Land Command
* Maritime Command
* JFC Brunssum
* JFC Naples
* JFC Norfolk
* Joint Support and Enabling Command
* STRIKFORNATO
* SHAPE International Band
* Allied Command Transformation
* Parliamentary Assembly
* Standardization agreement

People|

* Secretary General
* Chair of the Military Committee
* Supreme Allied Commander Europe
* Supreme Allied Commander Transformation

Members|

* Albania
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* Croatia
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Italy
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Turkey
* United Kingdom
* United States

Multilateral relations|

* Atlantic Treaty Association
* Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
* Mediterranean Dialogue
* Individual Partnership Action Plan
* Indo-Pacific Four
* Istanbul Cooperation Initiative
* Major non-NATO ally
* NATO global partners
* Open door policy
* Partnership for Peace
* Relationship with the European Union
* Relationship with Russia
* eastward NATO expansion issues
* Relationship with Ukraine
* Science for Peace and Security (SPS)

See also|

* Baghdad Pact (METO/CENTO)
* Balkan Pact
* Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO)
* Suwałki Gap

* v
* t
* e

Military of Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* Vatican City

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

Related|

* Military history of Europe
* List of countries in Europe by military expenditures

* v
* t
* e

Military equipment of Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
* Transnistria

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