Armillaria limonea

Species of fungus

Armillaria limonea

Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Fungi
Division:  | Basidiomycota
Class:  | Agaricomycetes
Order:  | Agaricales
Family:  | Physalacriaceae
Genus:  | Armillaria
Species:  |

A. limonea

Binomial name
Armillaria limonea

(G.Stev.) Boesew. (2001)

Armillaria limonea is a species of mushroom in the family Physalacriaceae. This plant pathogen species is one of four Armillaria species that have been identified in Aotearoa New Zealand. The others are A. novae-zelandiae, A. hinnulea, A. aotearoa.[1]

In Aotearoa New Zealand the Te Reo name is harore, the English vernacular name is lemon honeycap, and the diseases caused by Armillaria species are called root rot.[2][3][4]

## Description

[edit]

It was originally described as Armillariella limonea by Greta Stevenson: "Pileus 8-13 cm diam., lemon yellow, sprinkled thickly at centre and more sparsely towards the margin with dark brown, tufted scales, dry, convex at first with strongly down-rolled margin, becoming almost plane with a waved edge; flesh firm, white. Gills sinuately decurrent, moderately crowded, creamy white becoming stained pinkish fawn. Stipe 10-15 x 1-1.5 cm, light brown above substantial floccose ring, shading to brown or olive green below, velutinate, sometimes with a few tufted scales, solid, tough, slightly bulbous at base. Spores 7-8 x 5-6.5 μm, non-amyloid, moderately thick-walled; print white".[5]

The pileus of A. limonea can sometimes be bioluminescent.[2]

## Distribution

[edit]

Endemic to Aotearoa New Zealand and found in the North Island and northern South Island.[6]

## Matauranga

[edit]

It is reported that Armillaria limonea has been eaten without adverse reaction although others say that it is bitter and not edible.[7][2]

## Hosts and disease symptoms

[edit]

The Biota of New Zealand database provides an updated lists the of native and introduced plants associated with or host to A. limonea.[8] Most records of root rot disease attributed to Armillaria species (recognised by the presence of rhizomorphs and fan-like mycelial sheets under bark) do not differentiate between A. limonea and A. novae-zealandiae.[9]

## See also

[edit]

* List of Armillaria species

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Hood, I. A.; Ramsfield, T. D. (2016). "Armillaria aotearoa species nova". New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science. 46 (1): 2. Bibcode:2016NZJFS..46....2H. doi:10.1186/s40490-016-0058-y. ISSN 1179-5395.
2. ^ a b c Buchanan, P.; Stewart, G.; Jacob, H (2017). Ngā Hekaheka o Aotearoa. Manaaki Whenua, Landcare Research. pp. 24–27. ISBN 978-1-77550-336-1.
3. ^ Ridley, G.S. (2004). "A System for the Development of English Language Names for Agarics and Boletes in New Zealand (and Australia?)". Australasian Mycologist. 23 (1): 27–30.
4. ^ Hood, I.A. (1989). "Armillaria root disease in New Zealand Forests" (PDF). New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science. 19 (2/3): 180–197.
5. ^ Stevenson, Greta (1964). "The Agaricales of New Zealand: V". Kew Bulletin. 19 (1): 1–59\. Bibcode:1964KewBu..19....1S. doi:10.2307/4108283. JSTOR 4108283.
6. ^ Ridley, G.; Horne, D. (2006). A Photographic Guide to Mushrooms and Other Fungi of New Zealand. Upstart Press. ISBN 9781990003769.
7. ^ Hall, Ian R.; New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, eds. (1998). Edible and poisonous mushrooms: an introduction. Christchurch, N.Z: Crop & Food Research. ISBN 978-0-478-10806-4.
8. ^ ""Biota of New Zealand. Names and Classification of Bacteria, Fungi, Land Invertebrates and Plants. Armillaria limonea (G. Stev.) Boesew. 1977"".
9. ^ Gadgil, Peter D. (2005). Fungi on trees and shrubs in New Zealand. Fungal diversity research series. Hong Kong: Fungal Diversity Press. ISBN 978-962-86765-9-0.

Taxon identifiers

Armillaria limonea|

* Wikidata: Q4793472
* CoL: GSML
* EoL: 191859
* GBIF: 2536853
* iNaturalist: 381275
* IndexFungorum: 308927
* IRMNG: 10479200
* MycoBank: 308927
* NCBI: 153912
* NZOR: 7cf5d8a9-4d8d-43bd-a37e-7de3e56db5a9
* Open Tree of Life: 136950
* SpeciesFungorum: 308927

Armillariella limonea|

* Wikidata: Q62071517
* CoL: GSQJ
* GBIF: 2536854
* IndexFungorum: 326454
* IRMNG: 11282711
* MycoBank: 326454
* NZOR: 01e40a76-c00e-4852-ad4c-361066006201
* SpeciesFungorum: 326454