AstroParticle and Cosmology laboratory

AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC)

Type| Mixed Research Unit (UMR)
Established| 2005 (2005)
Director| Antoine Kouchner

Academic staff

| 157

Administrative staff

| 14

Doctoral students

| 31
Location|

Paris

France

Campus| Paris Rive Gauche (location)
Affiliations| Paris Cité University, CNRS, CEA, Paris Observatory
Website| www.apc.univ-paris7.fr/APC_CS/

The Astroparticle and Cosmology (APC) laboratory in Paris gathers researchers (experimentalists, theorists and observers) working in different areas including high-energy astrophysics, cosmology, gravitation, and neutrino physics.[1]

The institute was founded in January 2005 [2][3] and soon moved to new Great Mills campus of Paris Cité University in the Paris Rive Gauche area.

The laboratory is a "Mixed Research Unit" in French terminology, funded by Paris Diderot University, the Centre national de la recherche scientifique (represented by three of its Institutes: mainly IN2P3, but also INSU and INP), the Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, and the Paris Observatory.

The first director of the laboratory was Pierre Binétruy (2005-2013). From January 2014 until December 2017 the director was Stavros Katsanevas, followed by Sotiris Loucatos, and Antoine Kouchner (since July 2018).

## Research activities

[edit]

### Cosmology

[edit]

This group, headed by Cyrille Rosset, includes two main areas of research:

1. Experimental investigation of the cosmic microwave background, including attempts to detect CMB polarization B-modes, which could provide support for the theory of Inflation. Researchers were involved in the Planck space mission[4] and are now active in the QUBIC experiment,[5] the Simons Observatory, and the LiteBIRD satellite.
2. Cosmological analysis of large spectroscopic and imaging surveys for the determination of constraints on the nature of dark energy. Researchers are involved in the wide-field observatories aimed at understanding the nature of dark energy: the large field Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey[6] telescope, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory[7] and the Euclid space mission[8]

### High-energy astrophysics

[edit]

Research carried out by this group, headed by Anne Lemière, aims at understanding the violent phenomena of the universe (mostly within compact stars, neutron stars, or black holes). The group is engaged in many international projects with telescopes or instruments detecting photons, cosmic rays, or neutrinos. For the observation of:

1. gamma rays, it is involved in the INTEGRAL observatory,[9] the High Energy Stereoscopic System,[10] the Cherenkov Telescope Array,[11] and the Space Variable Objects Monitor[12]
2. cosmic rays of ultra-high energy, it is involved in JEM-EUSO[13]
3. neutrinos, it is involved in the ANTARES[14] and KM3NeT projects[15] collaborations
4. X-rays, it was involved in the space mission Hitomi[16]

### Neutrinos

[edit]

The research carried out by this group, headed by Davide Franco, is dedicated to understanding neutrino properties is one of the laboratories' main activities. Researchers are involved in studies of the phenomenon of oscillation (Borexino, Double Chooz)[17][18] and on future projects addressing the measurement of the neutrino mass hierarchy with atmospheric neutrinos with the deep-sea water Cherenkov telescope Orca[19] and the long-baseline neutrino oscillation project Laguna-LBNO.[20]

### Gravitation

[edit]

This core research of this group led by Stanislav Babak is the direct detection of gravitational waves. The group is involved in both ground-based (Virgo interferometer)[21] and space-based (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and its precursor LISA Pathfinder) instruments.[22]

### Theory

[edit]

This group, headed by Dmitri Semikoz, covers the research topics of the laboratory from a theoretical perspective. It also carries out work on other areas of fundamental physics.

## Organization

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The staff of the laboratory consists of 75 permanent researchers and over 60 engineers, technicians, and administrative personnel, plus about 125 non-permanent employees (PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, visitors). In addition, the Paris Center for Cosmological Physics directed by George Smoot is also part of the laboratory[23] and one of the three functional centres of the Astroparticle Physics European Consortium is based here.[24]

An "International Associated Laboratory" in astroparticle physics was launched in September 2007. It associates the APC laboratory with the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (Stanford University).[25]

## Evaluation

[edit]

The laboratory has been evaluated twice by the AERES: in 2008[26] and in 2013.[1] In the latter evaluation, the lab won excellent scores (A or A+ in all criteria).

## Astroparticle Physics European Consortium

[edit]

Astroparticle Physics European Consortium (APPEC) is a consortium of organizations from European countries that coordinate and fund research in astroparticle physics.[27]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b AERES report on unit (PDF) (Report). 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
2. ^ "Astroparticle physics and cosmology laboratory opens in Paris". CERN Courier. CERN. January 2005. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
3. ^ "A Successful Interaction". Magazine Observatoire de Paris. No. 1\. Observatoire de Paris. March–May 2005. p. 7. Retrieved 13 January 2014. "Created the 1st January 2005, APC is managed, other than by the Paris Diderot University, by the CNRS 1, the CEA 2 and the Observatoire de Paris."
4. ^ "The Planck Satellite website". Prof.planck.fr. 3 April 2009. Archived from the original on 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-14.
5. ^ "[ QUBIC website ]". Prof.qubic.fr. 3 April 2009. Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
6. ^ "SDSS-III Institutions - SDSS-III". Sdss3.org. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
7. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 January 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-14.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
8. ^ "Euclid Consortium | A space mission to map the Dark Universe". Euclid-ec.org. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
9. ^ "ESA Science & Technology: INTEGRAL reveals new facets of the Vela pulsar wind nebula". Sci.esa.int. 25 January 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
10. ^ "H.E.S.S. - The High Energy Stereoscopic System". Mpi-hd.mpg.de. 4 June 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
11. ^ "Members of the CTA Consortium". Portal.cta-observatory.org. 22 November 2013. Archived from the original on 21 July 2015. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
12. ^ "Télescope ECLAIRs". www.svom.fr. Retrieved 27 July 2018.
13. ^ "EXTREAME UNIVERS SPACE OBSERVATORY ONBOARD JAPANESE EXPERIMENT MODULE: Members". Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
14. ^ "ANTARES collaboration". Antares.in2p3.fr. Archived from the original on 24 May 2001. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
15. ^ "Opens a new window on our universe". KM3NeT. 27 December 2013. Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-14.
16. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 2014-01-14.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
17. ^ Paolo Saggese. "Borexino Experiment Official Web Site". Borex.lngs.infn.it. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
18. ^ "Double Chooz Web Page". Doublechooz.in2p3.fr. 16 February 2012. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
19. ^ "ORCA Status 281112". www.apc.univ-paris7.fr.
20. ^ "Patzak-CERN-261113". indico.cern.ch. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
21. ^ "Virgo collaboration data base". Pub3.ego-gw.it. Archived from the original on 14 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
22. ^ "LISA - LISA Pathfinder - Collaboration". Lisa.aei-hannover.de. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
23. ^ "[ The PCCP website ]". Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
24. ^ "Appec - Apc". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
25. ^ "Astroparticle Physics Labs Join Forces". CNRS International Magazine. No. 8\. October 2007.
26. ^ Rapport du comité d'experts (PDF) (Report) (in French). 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
27. ^ "About". APPEC. Retrieved 21 September 2022.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website
* List of publications by members of the lab

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