August 1925

Month of 1925

1925
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August 25, 1925: Occupation of Germany's Ruhr valley by France and Belgium is completed after 31 months. Pictured is the start of the French withdrawal from Dortmund in 1924.

The following events occurred in August 1925:

## August 1, 1925 (Saturday)

[edit]

* Domingos Leite Pereira became Prime Minister of Portugal for the third time.
* The Eugene O'Neill play Desire Under the Elms was banned in Britain.[1]
* Many British seamen began a strike in response to their monthly wages bring cut on this day from £10 to £9. Many who were on land refused to sail out; others at sea stayed wherever they landed, from Australia to New Zealand to South Africa.[2]
* The Palestinian Citizenship Order 1925 came into effect in the British Mandate for Palestine.[3]
* The film Parisian Love starring Clara Bow was released.
* In the U.S., the National Football League (NFL) granted franchises to four new teams for the 1925 season, set to begin on September 20. New teams were granted to the New York Giants (owned by Timothy Mara and Will Gibson); the Detroit (1920s NFL teams)#Detroit Panthers (owned by Jimmy Conzelman; the Providence Steam Rollers (owned by sports editor Charles Coppen; and the Pottsville Maroons (arriving from Pennsylvania's Anthracite League). Each team paid a $2,500 franchise fee.
* Died: F. R. Japp, 77, Scottish chemist known for discovering the Japp–Klingemann reaction for synthesizing hydrazones and diazonium compounds

## August 2, 1925 (Sunday)

[edit]

* The two-day Battle of al-Mazraa began in Syria as 500 Druze and Bedouin horsemen, led by Sultan Pasha al-Atrash, attacked a much larger force of 3,500 French Army of the Levant troops, led by General Roger Michaud. In two days, 601 French troops were killed and 428 wounded. The victory inspired other groups in Syria to revolt.[4]
* The D. W. Griffith comedy film Sally of the Sawdust was released.
* Born:
* Jorge Rafael Videla, President of Argentina from 1976 to 1981, later convicted as a war criminal; in Mercedes (d. 2013)[5]
* Alan Whicker, British journalist and television host known for the BBC 1 and ITV series Whicker's World; in Cairo, Egypt (d. 2013)
* Norman "Nim" Hall, English rugby union player with 17 appearances for the England national team; in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire (d.1972)[6]

## August 3, 1925 (Monday)

[edit]

* The Fascists won local elections in Sicily. Blackshirts were stationed intimidatingly at every voting booth.[7]
* The film The Goose Woman, starring Louise Dresser and Jack Pickford, was released.
* Born:
* Marv Levy, American professional football coach for the CFL Montreal Alouettes and the NFL Buffalo Bills; in Chicago (alive in 2025)[8]
* Dom Um Romão, Brazilian jazz drummer; in Rio de Janeiro (d. 2005)
* Karel Fiala, Czech operatic tenor and film actor; in Hrušov, Czechoslovakia(d.2020)
* Died: William Bruce, Australian lawyer and former Test cricket batsman, walked into Port Phillip Bay at Elwood, Victoria and drowned himself.[9]

## August 4, 1925 (Tuesday)

[edit]

* The last U.S. Marines were withdrawn from Nicaragua after a thirteen-year occupation by the U.S. that began during the a civil war in 1912. The remaining guard of 129 enlisted men and five officers departed from Corinto on the transport USS  Henderson.[10][11]
* Hendrikus Colijn became the Prime Minister of the Netherlands, replacing Charles Ruijs de Beerenbrouck, who resigned along with his ministers after the July 1 elections.
* The Columbian Squires, a youth organization for Catholic boys ranging in age from 10 to 18, was founded by Brother Barnabas McDonald of the Knights of Columbus fraternal service order.[12]
* Died: Charles W. Clark, 59, American baritone singer, died of a heart attack while sitting in a theater in Chicago.[13]

## August 5, 1925 (Wednesday)

[edit]

* Plaid Cymru, now the leading political party in the UK committed to Welsh independence, was founded in a hotel in the village of Pwllheli, Gwynedd by H. R. Jones, Lewis Valentine and Moses Gruffydd of the Byddin Ymreolwyr Cymru; and Saunders Lewis and Fred Jones of Y Mudiad Cymreig; and D. Edmund Williams. The initial goal of the party was to make Welsh the official language of Wales.[14]
* The Grand Olympic Auditorium opened in Los Angeles, California.
* The so-called "Battle of Ammanford" was fought near the town of Ammanford in Wales as police defended a colliery from strikers determined to have a strikebreaking electrician removed.[15]
* Died:
* Georges Palante, 62, French philosopher and sociologist
* Albert R. Valentien, 63, American painter known for his water colors of flowers, died from angina pectoris at his home in San Diego[16]
* Emily Harris, 88, New Zealand painter known for her water colours of flowers[17]

## August 6, 1925 (Thursday)

[edit]

* General Grigory Kotovsky of the Soviet Union Red Army, a member of the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee in the Ukrainian SSR, was assassinated by a former assistant, Meyer Zayder.[18]
* Eshugbayi Eleko, most important of the African kings within the British-ruled protectorate of Nigeria as the Oba of Lagos, was removed from his position by the colonial government and deported to Oyo two days later after refusing to vacate the royal household.[19]
* The Dallas Hilton, the first high-rise hotel to bear the Hilton name, was opened in Dallas, Texas by Conrad Hilton.[20]
* Born: Eddie Baily, English footballer and member of the England national team's squad during the 1950 FIFA World Cup; in Clapton, London (d.2010)[21]
* Died:
* Sir Surendranath Banerjee, 76, Indian independence activist known as "Rashtraguru" ("Teacher of the Nation") and founder of the Indian National Association[22]
* Loretta Perfectus Walsh, 29, the first active-duty woman to serve in the United States Navy, died of tuberculosis.
* Samuel Hamilton, 22, Northern Irish footballer for Hull City A.F.C. in the English League died a few days after his second surgery for a nasal condition.[23]

## August 7, 1925 (Friday)

[edit]

* The United Kingdom passed the Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act, making it illegal to sell peerages or any other honours.
* Born: M. S. Swaminathan, Indian geneticist, in Kumbakonam, Presidency of Fort St. George (now Tamil Nadu state), British India (d. 2023)

## August 8, 1925 (Saturday)

[edit]

* Approximately 40,000 members of the Ku Klux Klan marched down Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, D.C.. A planned ceremony afterwards was cancelled due to heavy rain.[24]
* Born: Alija Izetbegovic, Bosnian politician and head of state of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1990 and 1998 as Chairman of the Tripartite Presidency; in Bosanski Samac, Kingdom of Serbs, Croates and Slovenes (d. 2003)

## August 9, 1925 (Sunday)

[edit]

* The Kakori conspiracy train robbery took place in India.
* The German Socialist Labour Party of Poland was founded.
* In British Nigeria, Ibikunle Akitoye, President of the United Native Africa Church (UNA), was installed as the new Oba of Lagos after having been elected by the members of the Lagos Ruling House on June 26.[25]
* Born: David A. Huffman, American computer scientist known for his development of the algorithms for Huffman coding; in Alliance, Ohio (d. 1999)[26]

## August 10, 1925 (Monday)

[edit]

* Belgium and the United States opened talks in Washington, D.C. to settle Belgium's war debt.[27]
* Born: Bohuslav Chňoupek, Slovakian politician and Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia from 1971 to 1988; in Petržalka, (d. 2004)

## August 11, 1925 (Tuesday)

[edit]

* French Foreign Minister Aristide Briand met with his British counterpart Austen Chamberlain in London to discuss Germany's proposed security pact.[28]
* Born
* Arlene Dahl, American stage and film actress; in Minneapolis, Minnesota (d. 2021);[29]
* Mike Douglas, American television host, singer and performer;in Chicago (d. 2006)

## August 12, 1925 (Wednesday)

[edit]

* Germany indicated that the return of at least some of its former colonies would be set as a condition to enter the League of Nations.[30]
* Born: Norris McWhirter, writer, activist and co-founder of Guinness World Records, in Winchmore Hill, London (d. 2004); and twin brother Ross McWhirter, journalist and also co-founder of Guinness World Records (d. 1975)

## August 13, 1925 (Thursday)

[edit]

* A presidential decree in Turkey permitted women to wear hats and clothes of their choice for the first time, instead of being required to wear veils and somber colours.

## August 14, 1925 (Friday)

[edit]

* The original Hetch Hetchy Moccasin Powerhouse went on line in Moccasin, Tuolumne County, California.
* Tidal waves in Korea, 400 dead and 1000 missing extensive damage was done to houses and property.
* Born: Rashid Karim, Bangladeshi novelist; in Calcutta, Presidency of Fort William in Bengal (d. 2011)

## August 15, 1925 (Saturday)

[edit]

* Norway formally annexed the Spitzbergen Islands.[31]
* Born:
* Ruth Lessing, American AAGPBL baseball player who led the league in fielding average (1945), most assists (1946) and games played (1948); in San Antonio, Texas (d. 2000);
* Oscar Peterson, Canadian jazz pianist and composer; in Montreal, Quebec (d. 2007);
* Bill Pinkney, American singer and member of The Drifters; in Dalzell, South Carolina (d. 2007)
* Died: Konrad Mägi, 46, Estonian landscape painter

## August 16, 1925 (Sunday)

[edit]

* The film The Unholy Three, starring Lon Chaney, was released.
* Born:
* Willie "Puddin' Head" Jones, American baseball player and All-Star in 1950 and 1951 for the Philadelphia Phillies; in Dillon, South Carolina (d. 1983);
* Kirke Mechem, American operatic composer known for Tartuffe; in Wichita, Kansas (living in 2025)

## August 17, 1925 (Monday)

[edit]

* The Fourteenth World Zionist Congress opened in Vienna. 30 were hurt and 50 arrests were made as protests outside the congress by fascists turned violent.[32]
* A typhoon did extensive damage in Japan.[33]
* Died: Ioan Slavici, 77, Romanian writer

## August 18, 1925 (Tuesday)

[edit]

* The United States and Belgium signed an agreement on Belgian war debt.[31]
* Born: Brian Aldiss, English fantasy and science fiction writer and Hugo Award winner, writer of more than 80 novels and known for the Helliconia trilogy; in East Dereham, Norfolk (d. 2017)

## August 19, 1925 (Wednesday)

[edit]

* The government of Guangdong banned British and Japanese ships from entering or leaving the region's ports.[24]
* A boiler exploded on the steamship Mackinac in Narragansett Bay off the coast of Rhode Island, killing 42.[34][35]

## August 20, 1925 (Thursday)

[edit]

* Middleweight boxing champion Harry Greb was seriously injured when his automobile skidded off a slippery road and overturned outside of Pittsburgh.[36]

## August 21, 1925 (Friday)

[edit]

* The British seamen's strike spread to Australia.[2]
* The Dutch football club FC Emmen was founded.

## August 22, 1925 (Saturday)

[edit]

* Boxer Fidel LaBarba defeated Frankie Genaro in a ten-round decision to win the vacant World Flyweight Championship in Los Angeles.[37]
* Born:
* Honor Blackman, English TV and film actress best known for the role of "Pussy Galore" in Goldfinger; in Plaistow, Newham (d. 2020);
* Terry Donahue, Canadian AAGPBL baseball player, in Saskatchewan (d. 2019)

## August 23, 1925 (Sunday)

[edit]

* An assortment of fascists, monarchists and Nazis marched in a parade in Vienna protesting against the World Zionist Congress, shouting antisemitic slogans and singing patriotic songs.[38]

## August 24, 1925 (Monday)

[edit]

* The films The Street of Forgotten Men and Beggar on Horseback were released.
* Welterweight boxing champion Mickey Walker fought William "Sailor" Friedman to a no-decision in Chicago. Al Capone met Walker in the dressing room before the match and advised him to go easy on Friedman.[39][40]
* Born: Duncan Hall, Australian rugby league player with 22 appearances for the Australian national team (d. 2011)

## August 25, 1925 (Tuesday)

[edit]

* The Occupation of the Ruhr ended as the last French troops withdrew.[31]
* In the Rif War, The Moroccan Rif city of Al Hoceima was virtually leveled from Spanish naval bombardment.[41]
* Born: Thea Astley, Australian novelist and short story writer; in Brisbane (d. 2004)
* Died: Franz Graf Conrad von Hötzendorf, 72, Austrian field marshal

## August 26, 1925 (Wednesday)

[edit]

* Thunderstorms and flooding killed 11 in Japan. Many bridges were washed out and a railway tunnel in Atami collapsed.[42]
* Marshal Philippe Pétain took command of French forces in the Rif War.[24]
* The film The Merry Widow opened.
* Born: Jack Hirshleifer, American economist (d. 2005)

## August 27, 1925 (Thursday)

[edit]

* The first issue of Automotive News was published. It was initially published five times a week.[43]
* Born: Nat Lofthouse, English footballer with 33 caps for the England national team; in Bolton, Lancashire (d. 2011)

## August 28, 1925 (Friday)

[edit]

* Several prominent Nicaraguan politicians were kidnapped in Managua when armed men burst into a formal reception, took hostages and withdrew to the mountain-top fortress of La Loma.[44]
* Born: Donald O'Connor, dancer, singer and actor, in Chicago (d. 2003)

## August 29, 1925 (Saturday)

[edit]

* The Nicaraguan rebels released their hostages and agreed to withdraw from La Loma in exchange for government pay-offs.[44]
* Babe Ruth was fined and suspended by New York Yankees manager Miller Huggins for failing to show up for batting practice.[45]
* In the Great Syrian Revolt, Druze rebels captured As-Suwayda citadel from the French after a forty-day siege.[46]
* The Mayfair Hotel opened in St. Louis, Missouri.
* Born: Demetrio B. Lakas, President of Panama from 1969 to 1978; in Colón (d. 1999)

## August 30, 1925 (Sunday)

[edit]

* Chile held a constitutional referendum with a choice of two draft constitutions; the liberal version supported by President Arturo Alessandri won with 94.84% of the vote.
* Mountaineer Norman Clyde attained first ascent of Mount Agassiz in California.
* The Western film The Lucky Horseshoe was released.
* Born: Laurent de Brunhoff, author and illustrator, in Paris (d. 2024)

## August 31, 1925 (Monday)

[edit]

* French and Spanish planes and warships conducted a massive bombardment of the Rif Republic capital of Ajdir.[47]
* It was announced that Germany had met all its due payments under the first year of the Dawes Plan, which had commenced on September 1, 1924.[48]
* A pair of PN-9 seaplanes under the direction of aviator John Rodgers took off from San Pablo, California, attempting to be the first to fly from California to Hawaii and set a new record for a non-stop flight by a seaplane. One of the planes was forced down early, but Rodgers' plane continued on into the night.[49]
* Born:
* Maurice Pialat, French filmmaker; in Cunlhat(d. 2003)
* Pete Vonachen, American businessman and minor league baseball team owner; in Peoria, Illinois (d. 2013)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "O'Neill's Play is Barred from British Stage". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 2, 1925. p. 3.
2. ^ a b Hirson, Baruch (1988). The Homeboat Strike of 1925: British Seamen and South African Community Reactions (PDF). Retrieved January 2, 2015.
3. ^ Official Gazette of the Government of Palestine, No. 147 (September 16, 1925), pp. 460–466
4. ^ Provence, Michael (2005). The Great Syrian Revolt and the Rise of Arab Nationalism. University of Texas Press. p. 63\. ISBN 9780292706804.
5. ^ "Jorge Rafael Videla", Brittanica.com
6. ^ Nim Hall Profile on scrum.com
7. ^ Seldes, George (August 4, 1925). "Fascisti Win Sicily". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
8. ^ Bava, John (June 6, 2019). "Marv Levy, the Biggest Must-Win in History, and 'The Runner'". Last Word on Sports. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
9. ^ "Suicide by Drowning". The Argus: 12. 13 August 1925.
10. ^ "Marines Depart From Nicaragua After 13 Years— Era of Peace Maintained In Country After Revolt is Squelched", Miami Daily News and Metropolis, August 4, 1925, p.28
11. ^ "Nicaragua (1909–present)". University of Central Arkansas. Archived from the original on February 6, 2013. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
12. ^ "Columbian Squires". Knights of Columbus. Archived from the original on 2013-06-09. Retrieved 2013-06-28.
13. ^ "Baritone Clark Dies; Wife's Death Follows", The New York Times, New York, 4 August 1925.
14. ^ Morgan, Kenneth O. (1981). Rebirth of a nation: Wales, 1880–1980. History of Wales. Vol. 6 (reprint 2002 ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 206\. ISBN 0-19-821760-9. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
15. ^ Emsley, Clive, "Police and Industrial Disputes in Britain and the United States", in Britain and America: Studies in Comparative History, 1760–1970 Ed. David Englander. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1997. p. 120. ISBN 0-300-06978-2
16. ^ ."Albert Valentien, Noted Painter Of California Flowers, Dies In South", The Fresno (CA) Bee, August 6, 1925, p.2 ("San Diego Aug. 6 (AP)— Albert Valentien... died suddenly at his home here yesterday of angina pectoris."
17. ^ Hoskin, Sorrel (2005-07-21). "Emily Harris – flowers, berries and ferns". Puke Ariki. Archived from the original on 2020-11-03. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
18. ^ Byelyaev, A., Dyenisyenko, D. (2001-01-20). "Who killed the Robin Hood of Revolution? (Кто убил Робин Гуда революции?)". Nezavisimaya Gazeta (Независимая газета). Archived from the original on 2010-03-17.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
19. ^ Cole, Patrick (1975). Modern and Traditional Elites in the Politics of Lagos. Cambridge University Press. p. 146\. ISBN 0521204399.
20. ^ Aristocrat Hotel of Dallas
21. ^ "England Players - Eddie Baily". www.englandfootballonline.com. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
22. ^ "Sir Surendranath Banerjea | Indian politician". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
23. ^ "167 Samuel Hamilton" Biography, On Cloud Seven: The Players, Managers and Venues of Hull City
24. ^ a b c Mercer, Derrik (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 333\. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
25. ^ Cole, Patrick (1975). Modern and Traditional Elites in the Politics of Lagos. Cambridge University Press. p. 134\. ISBN 0521204399.
26. ^ [https://www.google.com/books/edition/Proceedings_of_the_Symposium_on_Circuit/fQIiAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq="David+A.+Huffman"+1925&dq="David+A.+Huffman"+1925&printsec=frontcover "Proceedings of the Symposium on Circuit Analysis" (University of Illinois, 1955) p.18-2
27. ^ "Start Augurs Belgian Plan to Toe $ Mark". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 11, 1925. p. 1.
28. ^ Steele, John (August 12, 1925). "French Adopt Friendly Tone on Rhine Pact". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
29. ^ "Arlene Dahl - Broadway Cast and Staff". Internet Broadway Database. The Broadway League. Retrieved November 30, 2021.
30. ^ "Germany Asks U.S. to Return War Property". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 13, 1925. p. 1.
31. ^ a b c "Chronology 1925". indiana.edu. 2002. Archived from the original on April 2, 2020. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
32. ^ "Vienna Police Rout Anti-Jew Mobs; 30 Hurt". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 13, 1925. p. 1.
33. ^ "Typhoon Floods Japan, Causing Heavy Damages". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 18, 1925. p. 1.
34. ^ Horton, Linda (December 10, 2012). "Newport, Rhode Island Steamer Mackinac Explosion, Aug 1925". GenDisasters. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
35. ^ "Ship Disaster Death List Now 42; U.S. Quiz On". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 21, 1925. p. 6.
36. ^ "Down For Count". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 21, 1925. p. 20.
37. ^ Heller, Peter (1994). "In This Corner! ..." 42 World Champion Tell Their Stories. Da Capo Press, Inc. p. 97\. ISBN 0-306-80603-7.
38. ^ "Vienna, Host to Jews, Sees Big Anti-Jew Parade". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 23, 1925. p. 12.
39. ^ "Friedman, Sailor". Jews in Sports Online. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
40. ^ Ehrmann, Pete (October 12, 2013). "Gang-related street fight knocked out a championship contender". OnMilwaukee. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
41. ^ "Spanish Cannon Shell Level Coast of Riff; Raze-Towns". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 26, 1925. p. 9.
42. ^ "Storms in Japan Take 11 Lives; Loss is $3,500,000". Chicago Daily Tribune. August 28, 1925. p. 4.
43. ^ "Growing auto industry gets new editorial voice". Automotive News. August 28, 2000. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
44. ^ a b White, Cathleen (2001). "Coercion and Diplomacy: Relations Between the United States and Nicaragua, 1920–1927 Part IV: Chaos". The Well-Rounded Cat. Archived from the original on 2015-01-03. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
45. ^ Bankes, Jim (August 28, 2010). "This Day in Sports – August 29, 1925: Babe Ruth Fined $5000 for Missing Batting Practice". Sports Chat Place. BNQT Media Group. Archived from the original on January 3, 2015. Retrieved January 2, 2015.
46. ^ Wales, Henry (August 31, 1925). "Syrians Capture French Front, 40 Days Besieged". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 11.
47. ^ Fendrick, Raymond (September 1, 1925). "Warships and Planes Bomb Moor Capital to Ashen Ruins". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
48. ^ "Germany Meets All First Year Dawes Payments". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 1, 1925. p. 5.
49. ^ Rodgers, John. "The First Navy Pacific Flight". Hawaii Aviation. State of Hawaii. Retrieved January 2, 2015.

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