Azaz

City in northwest Syria

City in Aleppo, Syria

Azaz

أَعْزَاز

City

Azaz

Location in Syria

Coordinates: 36°35′10″N 37°02′41″E﻿ / ﻿36.5861°N 37.0447°E﻿ / 36.5861; 37.0447
Country| Syria
Governorate| Aleppo
District| Azaz
Subdistrict| Azaz
Control|  Turkey
Syrian Interim Government
Elevation

| 560 m (1,840 ft)
Population

(2004)

• Total

| 31,623
Time zone| UTC+2 (EET)
• Summer (DST)| +3
Azaz is the administrative center of Nahiya Azaz and the Azaz District.

Azaz (Arabic: أَعْزَاز, romanized: ʾAʿzāz) is a city in northwest Syria, roughly 20 miles (32 kilometres) north-northwest of Aleppo. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Azaz had a population of 31,623 at the 2004 census.[1] As of 2015[update], its inhabitants were almost entirely Sunni Muslims, mostly Arabs but also some Kurds and Turkmen.[2]

It is historically significant as the site of the Battle of Azaz between the Crusader States and the Seljuk Turks on June 11, 1125. It is close to a Syria–Turkey border crossing, which enters Turkey at Öncüpınar, south of the city of Kilis. It is the capital of the Syrian Interim Government.[3]

## History

[edit]

The city was known in ancient times with different names: in Hurrian as Azazuwa, in Medieval Greek as Αζάζιον (Azázion), in Old Aramaic as Ḥzz (later evolved in Neo-Assyrian as Ḫazazu).

### Early Islamic period

[edit]

In excavations of the site of Tell Azaz, considerable quantities of ceramics from the early and middle Islamic periods were found.[4] Despite the importance of Azaz as indicated by archaeological finds, the settlement was rarely mentioned in Islamic texts prior to the 12th century. However, a visit to the town by the Muslim musician Ishaq al-Mawsili (767–850) gives some indication of Azaz's importance during Abbasid rule.[4] The Hamdanids of Aleppo (945–1002) built a brick citadel at Azaz.[5] It was a square fortress with two enclosures, situated atop a tell.[6]

On 10 August 1030, Tubbal near Azaz became the scene of a humiliating defeat of the Byzantine emperor Romanos III at the hands of the Mirdasids. In December of the same year, the Byzantine generals Niketas of Mistheia and Symeon besieged and captured Azaz, and burned Tubbal to the ground in retaliation.[7]

### Crusader period

[edit]

During the Crusader era, Azaz, which was referred to in Crusader sources as "Hazart", became of particular strategic significance due to its topography and location, overlooking the surrounding region.[6] In the hands of the Muslims, Azaz stymied communications between the Crusader states of Edessa and Antioch, while in Crusader hands it threatened the major Muslim city of Aleppo.[6] Around December 1118, the Crusader prince Roger of Antioch and the Armenian prince Leo I besieged and captured Azaz from the Turcoman prince Ilghazi of Mardin.[6]

In January 1124, Balak and Toghtekin, the Burid atabeg of Damascus, breached Azaz's defenses, but were repulsed by Crusader reinforcements.[6] In April 1125, the Seljuk atabeg Aqsunqur al-Bursuqi of Mosul and Toghtekin invaded the Principality of Antioch and surrounded Azaz.[6] In response, in May or June 1125, a 3,000-strong Crusader coalition commanded by King Baldwin II of Jerusalem confronted and defeated the 15,000-strong Muslim coalition at the Battle of Azaz, raising the siege of the town.[8]

However, the Crusaders' strength in the region was dealt a blow following the Zengid capture of Edessa in 1144.[8] Afterward, the other fortresses in the County of Edessa, including Azaz, gradually became neglected.[8] In 1146, Humphrey II of Toron sent sixty knights to reinforce the garrison at Azaz.[8] Despite its strong fortifications, the fortress of Azaz finally fell to the Muslims under the Zengid emir of Aleppo, Nur ad-Din in June 1150.[8]

### 13th–20th centuries

[edit]

The Ayyubid emir of Aleppo, al-Aziz Uthman, rebuilt the earlier Hamdanid structure at Azaz with stone.[5] During Ayyubid rule, in 1226, the local historian Yaqut al-Hamawi, described Azaz as a "fine town", referring to the settlement as "Dayr Tell Azaz".[4] It was the center of a district bearing its name that also included the market towns or forts of Kafr Latha, Mannagh, Yabrin, Arfad, Tubbal and Innib.[4] The Mamluk Sultanate ruled over the area from the 13th century. The Ottomans entered the area in 1516 with a victory at the Battle of Marj Dabiq. Azaz continued to be inhabited by Turkmen in the Ottoman era. It was a sanjak administrative division along with that of Kilis.[9] After the fall of the Ottoman Empire in the early 20th century, the new Syria-Turkey border ran just north of Azaz. The town was first part of the French colonial empire's Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon and, from 1946, the independent state of Syria.

### Syrian civil war

[edit]

Azaz, Syrian Civil War 2012

On 19 July 2012, during the Syrian civil war, rebels opposed to the Syrian government succeeded in capturing the town.[10] The town is highly valued as a logistical supply route close to the Turkish–Syrian border.

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant took control of Azaz in October 2013, but withdrew from the city in February 2014 after having been cut off from the rest of its territory.[11][12]

Following the departure of ISIL, Azaz was left under the control of Northern Storm, a brigade under the authority of the Islamic Front, nominally a part of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) at that time.[13] A Sharia Committee was responsible for the administration of sharia law, and was policed by the Northern Storm brigade. A Civil Council governed the field of public services.[14] During its northern offensive in 2015, ISIL approached Azaz, but fell short of directly assaulting the city; taking Kafra and surrounding territory.[15] While regular ISIL forces were finally expelled from the Aleppo Governorate in October 2016, the January 2017 Azaz bombing was attributed to ISIL.

In January 2015, al-Nusra Front had a limited presence in the town and controlled one mosque.[14] By October 2015, the control of the town was shared between Al-Nusra and a brigade of the FSA.[16]

Turkey began organising Turkmen militia bases in Azaz during the People's Protection Units (YPG) advance against ISIL in 2015, in order to prevent the Kurdish YPG from obtaining a land bridge between the Afrin and Kobanî Cantons.[17][18] The Turkish government declared Azaz to be a "red line" which Kurdish forces must not cross.[19] Azaz became one of the first towns to come under the Turkish occupation of northern Syria during the 2016 Operation Euphrates Shield. By late 2017, Azaz was the headquarters of the Syrian Interim Government.[20][21]

## Climate

[edit]

Azaz has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csa).

Climate data for Azaz, elevation 555 m (1,821 ft)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 9.1
(48.4)  | 10.8
(51.4)  | 15.1
(59.2)  | 20.7
(69.3)  | 26.7
(80.1)  | 32.0
(89.6)  | 34.5
(94.1)  | 34.7
(94.5)  | 31.0
(87.8)  | 25.5
(77.9)  | 17.6
(63.7)  | 10.8
(51.4)  | 22.4
(72.3)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | 5.3
(41.5)  | 6.5
(43.7)  | 10.0
(50.0)  | 14.6
(58.3)  | 19.7
(67.5)  | 24.6
(76.3)  | 27.0
(80.6)  | 27.2
(81.0)  | 24.1
(75.4)  | 19.1
(66.4)  | 12.5
(54.5)  | 7.0
(44.6)  | 16.5
(61.7)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 1.3
(34.3)  | 2.2
(36.0)  | 4.8
(40.6)  | 8.6
(47.5)  | 12.8
(55.0)  | 17.2
(63.0)  | 19.5
(67.1)  | 19.7
(67.5)  | 17.2
(63.0)  | 12.8
(55.0)  | 7.5
(45.5)  | 3.5
(38.3)  | 10.6
(51.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 89
(3.5)  | 82
(3.2)  | 68
(2.7)  | 44
(1.7)  | 22
(0.9)  | 3
(0.1)  | 1
(0.0)  | 1
(0.0)  | 4
(0.2)  | 22
(0.9)  | 44
(1.7)  | 89
(3.5)  | 469
(18.4)
Source: FAO[22]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ General Census of Population and Housing 2004 Archived 2012-12-09 at archive.today. Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS). Aleppo Governorate. (in Arabic)
2. ^ Selin Girit (18 February 2016). "Syria conflict: Why Azaz is so important for Turkey and the Kurds". BBC News. Archived from the original on 30 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
3. ^ "Turkey's Idlib Incursion and the HTS Question: Understanding the Long Game in Syria". War on the Rocks. October 31, 2017. Archived from the original on June 4, 2019. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
4. ^ a b c d Eger, p. 88.
5. ^ a b Bylinsky 2004, p. 161.
6. ^ a b c d e f Deschamps 1973, p. 343.
7. ^ Halm, Heinz (2003). Die Kalifen von Kairo: Die Fatimiden in Ägypten, 973–1074 [The Caliphs of Cairo: The Fatimids in Egypt, 973–1074] (in German). Munich: C. H. Beck. pp. 341–342. ISBN 3-406-48654-1.
8. ^ a b c d e Deschamps 1973, p. 344.
9. ^ "He received the odjaklik revenues of the sanjaks of Kilis and Azaz," p29. The Journal of Ottoman Studies, 2000.[permanent dead link‍]
10. ^ "Syrian TV shows images of Assad as battles rage on for control of Damascus" Archived 2012-07-20 at the Wayback Machine, Al-Arabiya News
11. ^ Holmes, Oliver (28 February 2014). "Al Qaeda splinter group withdraws from Syrian town near Turkey". Reuters. Archived from the original on 12 March 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
12. ^ Chulov, Martin (21 February 2016). "Azaz: the border town that is ground zero in Syria's civil war". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited. Archived from the original on 9 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
13. ^ Dick, Marlin (17 December 2013). "FSA alliance pushes back against Islamic Front". Daily Star. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
14. ^ a b "Special Report: Northern Storm and the Situation in Azaz (Syria)". MERIA Journal. 7 January 2015. Archived from the original on 24 May 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
15. ^ Adam Withnall (1 June 2015). "Battle for Azaz: Isis threatens yet another city as fighting reaches crucial Turkey border crossing". The Independent. Archived from the original on 30 April 2018. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
16. ^ Syrian Kurdish leader: Moscow wants to work with us Archived 2015-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Al Monitor, 8 October 2015
17. ^ "Turkish Army Allow Turkmen Militia to Enter Northern Syria and Establish a Base Near the Border". 26 August 2015.
18. ^ Banco, Erin (8 November 2015). "Turkey, US, Syrian ISIS-Free Safe Zone: Turkmen Brigades Move Into Syria, Al-Nusra Moves Out, Soldiers Say". International Business Times. Archived from the original on 11 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
19. ^ Deniz Serinci (25 February 2016). "Rebels claim Kurdish force will 'change 'demographic balance' in Syria's Azaz region". Rudaw Media Network. Archived from the original on 10 November 2016. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
20. ^ Charles Lister (31 October 2017). "Turkey's Idlib Incursion and the HTS Question: Understanding the Long Game in Syria". War on the Rocks. Archived from the original on 4 June 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
21. ^ al-Khateb, Khaled. "Idlib still wary of attack despite Turkish-Russian agreement". Al-Monitor. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
22. ^ "World-wide Agroclimatic Data of FAO (FAOCLIM)". Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations. Retrieved 21 December 2024.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Bylinski, Janusz (2004). "Three Minor Fortresses in the Realm of the Ayyubid Rulers of Homs in Syria: Shumaimis, Tadmur (Palmyra) and al-Rahba". In Faucherre, Nicolas; Mesqui, Jean; Prouteau, Nicolas (eds.). La fortification au temps des croisades. Presses universitaires Rennes. ISBN 978-2-86847-944-0.
* Deschamps, Paul (1973). Les châteaux des Croisés en terre sainte III: la défense du comté de Tripoli et de la principauté d'Antioche (in French). Paris: Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner.

* v
* t
* e

Aleppo Governorate

Capital: Aleppo

Mount Simeon District

| Mount Simeon Subdistrict|

* Aleppo
* Abtin
* Assan
* Ayn al-Kabira
* Azzan
* Duwayr al-Zaytun
* Haddadin
* Hayyan
* Hilan
* Hreibel
* Kafr Saghir
* Khan Tuman
* Maghayer Khan Tuman
* Maratat al-Muslimiyah
* al-Muslimiyah
* al-Muslimiyah al-Shamaliyah
* Qarras
* Rasm Assan
* Saqlaya
* Siefat
* Tell Shair Samaan
* Tell Shughayb
* al-Dhahabiyah
* al-Wadihi

|

Tell ad-Daman‎ Subdistrict|

* Tell al-Daman
* Abu Rweil
* Ameriyeh
* Arjel
* Atshana Sharqiya
* Atshana Gharbiya
* Ballas
* Ballas al-Jadida
* Batranah
* Burda
* Buwaida Saghira
* Deir Saliba
* Hmeidi
* Hober
* Jubb Aleis
* Kafr Obeid
* al-Mintar
* Mreiqes
* Oweinat Kabira
* Rasm al-Mofakker
* Tabara al-Khusheir
* Um al-Karamel

Haritan Subdistrict|

* Haritan
* Anadan
* Babis
* Bashkoy
* Hayyan
* Fah
* Kafr Bssin
* Kafr Hamrah
* Maarat al-Artiq
* Naqqarin
* Shaykh Najjar
* Shaykh Zayat
* Shamer
* Yaqed al-Adas

Darat Izza Subdistrict|

* Darat Izza
* Bshantara
* Basrtun
* Bishqatin
* Kafrantin
* al-Hoteh
* Hur
* Injarah
* Irhab
* Qabtan al-Jabal
* al-Sakhriyah
* Taqad

al-Hadher Subdistrict|

* al-Hadher
* al-Eiss
* Dalamah
* Jmeimeh
* Maryamin Samaan
* Tell Dadin

al-Zirbah Subdistrict|

* al-Zirbah
* Abad
* Arada
* Banes
* Barnah
* Barqum
* Bawabiyah
* Humayrah
* Huweir al-Eiss
* Jazraya
* Jubb Kas
* Kassibeh
* Othmaniya Kabira
* Rasm al-Eiss
* Talafeh
* Tell Allush
* Tell Hidyah
* Zitan
* Ziyara Samaan

Zammar Subdistrict|

* Zammar

Azaz District

| Azaz Subdistrict|

* Azaz
* al-Fayruziyah
* Jarez
* Kafr Kalbin
* Kafr Khasher
* Kaljibrin
* Al-Krum
* Ma'arin
* al-Malikiyah
* Maraanaz
* Menagh
* Nayarah
* Naddah
* al-Salameh
* Shamarikh
* Shamarin
* Sijaraz
* Tatiyah
* Tulayl ash-Sham
* Yahmul

|

Akhtarin Subdistrict|

* Akhtarin
* Ablah
* Aq Burhan
* Arshaf
* Bahwartah
* Baruza
* Dabiq
* Dudyan
* Duweidan
* Ghaytun
* Ghurur
* Ka'ibah
* Kadrish
* Qabtan
* Qar Kalbin
* Taanah
* Tal'ar Gharbi
* Tal'ar Sharqi
* Tall Battal
* Tall Tanah
* Tat Hims
* Turkman Bareh
* Ziadiyah

Tell Rifaat Subdistrict|

* Tell Rifaat
* Ahras
* Deir Jamal
* Kafr Naseh
* Kafr Naya
* Shaykh Issa
* Tell Jabin

Mare' Subdistrict|

* Mare'
* Fafin
* Herbel
* Ma'arat Umm Hawsh
* Sunbul
* Talalin
* Tell Qarah

Nubl Subdistrict|

* Nubl
* Bayanoun
* Mayer
* Ratyan
* al-Zahraa

Sawran Subdistrict|

* Sawran
* Baraghida
* Bel
* Duwaybiq
* Hawar Kilis
* Ihtaimlat
* al-Judaydah
* Kafra
* Kafr Burayshah
* Kafr Shoush
* Murayghil
* Rael
* Shuwayrin
* al-Yaarubiyah
* al-Yamamah
* Az-Zahiriyah
* Zayzafun

Afrin District

| Afrin Subdistrict|

* Afrin
* Ain Dara
* Awlad al-Arab
* Barad
* Baselhaya
* Basuta
* Basufan
* Beit Adin
* Burj Abdullah
* Inab
* Kafr Nabu
* Kalota
* Kimar
* Maryamin
* Oqayba
* Qibar

|

Bulbul Subdistrict|

* Bulbul
* Burj Haider
* Darmashkanli
* Deir Ballut
* Fafertin
* Jalbul
* Karzahayel

Jandairis Subdistrict|

* Jindires
* Jalamah
* Kafr Safra

Maabatli Subdistrict|

* Maabatli

Rajo Subdistrict|

* Rajo
* Meidan Ekbis

Sharran Subdistrict|

* Sharran
* Qatma

Shaykh al-Hadid Subdistrict|

* Shaykh al-Hadid

Atarib District

| Atarib Subdistrict|

* Atarib
* al-Abzamo
* Batibo
* al-Jinah

|

Ibbin Samaan Subdistrict|

* Ibbin Samaan
* Kafr Halab
* Kafr Karmin
* Kafr Naha
* Kafr Nasih al-Atarib
* Kafr Nuran
* Maarat Atarib
* Awayjil
* al-Sahharah
* al-Shaykh Ali

Urum al-Kubra Subdistrict|

* Urum al-Kubra
* Urum al-Sughra

Ayn al-Arab District

| Ayn al-Arab Subdistrict|

* Ayn al-Arab
* al-Farazdaq
* al-Haqel
* Jaadat al-Samaawat

|

al-Jalbiyah Subdistrict|

* al-Jalbiyah
* Jubb Faraj Kabir
* Mil
* Qibbah
* Qinayah
* Ramilah
* Ras al-Ayn Qibli

Sarrin Subdistrict|

* Sarrin
* Shuyukh Fawqani

Shuyukh Tahtani Subdistrict|

* Shuyukh Tahtani
* Tell Abyad Tahtani

Al-Bab District

| Al-Bab Subdistrict|

* al-Bab
* Abu Jabbar
* Abu Taltal
* Ameriyeh

|

Arima Subdistrict|

* Arima
* Arran
* Barlahin
* Bizaah
* al-Burj
* Deir Qaq
* Haddabat
* Haji Kusa
* Hezwan
* Kherbet Kiyar
* Maran
* Oweishiyeh
* Qabbasin

Al-Rai Subdistrict|

* Al-Rai
* Sosyan

Tadef Subdistrict|

* Tadef
* Tell Rahal
* al-Waqf

Dayr Hafir District

| Dayr Hafir Subdistrict|

* Dayr Hafir
* Humaymah Kabirah
* al-Jabbul
* Umm el-Marra

|

Kuweires Sharqi Subdistrict|

* Kuweires Sharqi
* Mazburah
* al-Raa'i
* Rasm al-Abed

Rasm Harmil al-Imam Subdistrict|

* Rasm Harmil al-Imam
* Shaykh Ahmad
* Tell Ayoub

Jarabulus District

| Jarabulus Subdistrict|

* Jarabulus
* al-Bir Fawqani
* al-Bir Tahtani
* al-Hajaliah
* al-Haluwaniyah
* al-Jamel
* Amarnah
* Ayn al-Bayda
* Balaban
* Dabis
* Haymar
* Jarabulus Tahtani
* Marma al-Hajar
* Mazaalah
* Qandariyah
* Qirata
* Qirq Maghar
* Umm Rutha Tahtani
* Yusuf Bayk
* Zugharah

|

Ghandoura Subdistrict|

* Ghandoura
* Al-Kuliya
* Al-Shahid
* Al-Qadi
* Arab Azzah
* Belis
* Fursan
* Jubb al-Dam
* Lilawa
* Nabghah
* Tell Aghbar‎
* Tell Hajar
* Qubbat at-Turkuman
* al-Suwaydah

Manbij District

| Manbij Subdistrict|

* Manbij

|

Abu Kahf Subdistrict|

* Abu Kahf

Abu Qilqil Subdistrict|

* Abu Qilqil
* Arab Hassan Kabir
* Awsajli Kabir
* Dakhirah
* Dandaniya
* Hamir Labidah
* Hayyah Kabirah
* Jubb Hamza

Al-Khafsah Subdistrict|

* Al-Khafsah
* Khan al-Humr
* al-Maamurah
* al-Mahsanah Khafsah

Maskanah Subdistrict|

* Maskanah
* Mallah
* Mujammaa Huttin
* al-Nasiriyah Fawqani
* Qashlat Yusef Basha
* Ras al-Ayn al-Bumane'
* Saan al-Ghazal
* al-Tadamon
* Talhuthan
* Tell Aswad
* Tell Akhdar
* Tishrin
* al-Zahirah
* Zunqul

As-Safira District

| As-Safira Subdistrict|

* as-Safira
* Abu Jurayn al-Safirah
* Aqrabah

|

Banan Subdistrict|

* Banan

al-Hajib Subdistrict|

* al-Hajib
* Hawwaz

Khanasir Subdistrict|

* Khanasir
* Qulayaa
* Rasm Al-Nafl
* al-Samiriyah
* Tat

Tell Aran Subdistrict|

* Tell Aran
* Tell Hasil
* Zira'ah

* v
* t
* e

Cities and towns of Syria

Governorate centres|

* Aleppo
* Damascus
* Daraa
* Deir ez-Zor
* Hama
* al-Hasakah
* Homs
* Idlib
* Latakia
* Quneitra
* Raqqa
* Rif Dimashq
* Suwayda
* Tartus

District centres|

* Abu Kamal
* Afrin
* Ariha
* Atarib
* Ayn al-Arab
* Azaz
* al-Bab
* Baniyas
* Darayya
* Dayr Hafir
* Douma
* Duraykish
* Fiq
* al-Haffah
* Harem
* Izra'
* Jableh
* Jarabulus
* Jisr ash-Shughur
* Maarat al-Numaan
* al-Malikiyah
* Manbij
* Masyaf
* Mayadin
* Mhardeh
* al-Mukharram al-Foqani
* an-Nabk
* Palmyra
* Qamishli
* Qardaha
* Qatana
* Qudsaya
* al-Qusayr
* al-Qutayfah
* Ra's al-'Ayn
* al-Rastan
* as-Safira
* Safita
* Salamiyah
* Salkhad
* al-Sanamayn
* Shahba
* ash-Shaykh Badr
* al-Suqaylabiyah
* Talkalakh
* al-Tall
* Tell Abyad
* al-Thawrah
* Yabroud
* Zabadani

Sub-district centres|

* Abu Qilqil
* Abu al-Thuhur
* Akhtarin
* Amuda
* Arbeen
* Arima
* al-Ariqah
* al-Arishah
* Armanaz
* Arwad
* al-Asharah
* Assal al-Ward
* Awj
* Ayn al-Fijah
* Ayn Halaqim
* Ayn Issa
* Ayn al-Nasr
* Babbila
* Banan
* Barri Sharqi
* Beit Jinn
* Binnish
* Bir al-Helou
* Bosra
* Bulbul
* Busayrah
* Da'el
* al-Dana
* Darat Izza
* Darkush
* al-Darbasiyah
* Deir Atiyah
* al-Dimas
* al-Dumayr
* Furqlus
* Ghabaghib
* Ghandoura
* al-Ghariyah
* al-Ghizlaniyah
* al-Hader
* Hadidah
* al-Hajar al-Aswad
* al-Hajib
* Hajin
* al-Hamidiyah
* al-Hamraa
* Harasta
* Harbnafsah
* Harran al-Awamid
* al-Hirak
* Hish
* Hisyah
* al-Hawl
* Huraytan
* al-Huwash
* Ibbin Samaan
* Ihsim
* Jayrud
* al-Jalaa
* al-Janudiyah
* Jaramana
* al-Jarniyah
* Jasim
* al-Jawadiyah
* Jubb al-Jarrah
* Jubb Ramlah
* Jindires
* al-Jiza
* al-Qabu
* Kafr Batna
* Kafr Nabl
* Kafr Takharim
* Kafr Zita
* al-Karamah
* al-Kasrah
* Kessab
* al-Khafsah
* Khan Shaykhun
* Khasham
* Kirnaz
* Kuwayris Sharqi
* Khanaser
* Khirbet Ghazaleh
* Khirbet al-Tin Mahmoud
* al-Kiswah
* Ma'arrat Misrin
* Maabatli
* Maadan
* Maaloula
* Madaya
* Mahin
* Malah
* al-Malihah
* al-Mansurah
* Mare'
* Markada
* Mashta al-Helu
* Maskanah
* al-Masmiyah
* al-Mazraa
* Muhambal
* Muhasan
* al-Musayfirah
* al-Mushannaf
* Muzayrib
* al-Nashabiyah
* al-Nasirah
* Nawa
* Nubl
* al-Qadmus
* al-Qahtaniyah
* Qalaat al-Madiq
* Qarah
* al-Qaryatayn
* al-Qurayya
* Qurqania
* Rajo
* Rankus
* Rasm Harmil al-Imam
* al-Rai
* al-Riqama
* al-Ruhaybah
* al-Saan
* Saasaa
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