Baghdad Manifesto

Part of a series on Islam
Isma'ilism

Concepts

* Quran
* Batiniyya
* Ta'wil
* Imamate
* Ẓāhir
* Bātin
* Nūr
* 'Aql
* ʿIlm
* Daʿwa
* Dāʿī
* Bāb
* Hujja
* Satr
* Taqiya
* Pīr
* Numerology
* Theology
* Reincarnation
* Titles

Seven Pillars

* Walayah
* Purity
* Prayer
* Charity
* Fasting
* Pilgrimage

Musta'lism and Nizarism

Branches/sects

* Musta'li
* Tayyibi
* Dawoodi Bohra
* Progressive
* Hebtiahs Bohra
* Atba-i-Malak Bohra
* Badar
* Vakil
* Sulaymani Bohra
* Alavi Bohra
* Qutbi Bohra
* Hafizi
* Nizari
* Seveners
* Qarmatians
* Assassins
* Satpanth

States

* Qarmatian state of Bahrayn
* Fatimid Caliphate
* Multan
* Sulayhid dynasty
* Zurayid dynasty
* Hamdanid dynasty
* Nizari Ismaili state

People

* Hamdan Qarmat
* ibn Faraj ibn Ḥawshab
* ibn al-Fadl al-Jayshani
* ibn Mansur al-Yaman
* Abu Sa'id al-Jannabi
* Abu Tahir al-Jannabi
* Qadi Numan
* al-Nasafi
* al-Sijistani
* al-Kirmani
* al-Shirazi
* al-Naysaburi
* Nasir Khusraw
* Pamiris
* Queen Arwa al-Sulayhi
* Dhu'ayb ibn Musa
* Hasan-i Sabbah
* Hassan Ala Zikrihi's Salam
* Rashid ad-Din Sinan
* Pir Sadardin
* Aga Khans
* Khojas
* Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs
* Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai

Centers

* Cairo
* Anjudan
* Nizārī strongholds
* Alamut
* Atashgah
* Gerdkuh
* Lambsar
* Masyaf
* Maymun-Diz
* Rudkhan
* Qalaat al-Madiq

Other

* Palace of Queen Arwa
* Queen Arwa Mosque
* Nizārī
* Constitution
* Delegation
* Ginans
* Holy Du'a
* Jama'at Khana
* Qiyama
* Abbasid-Baghdad Manifesto
* House of Knowledge
* Women

Early leaders

* Ali
* Hasan
* Husayn
* al-Sajjad
* al-Baqir
* Jaʿfar al-Ṣādiq
* Ismāʿīl ibn Jaʿfar al-Mubārak
* Muhammad ibn Ismāʿīl ash-Shākir
* ʿAbad Allāh (al-Wāfī Ahmad)
* Ahmad (al-Taqī Muhammad)
* Ḥusayn (ar-Raḍī ʿAbd Allāh)
* ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdī bi'l-Lāh
* al-Qāʾim
* al-Manṣūr
* Maʿad al-Muʿizz li-Dīn Allāh
* Nizār al-ʿAzīz biʾllāh,
* Manṣūr al-Ḥākim bi-Amr Allāh
* ʿAlī al-Ẓāhir li-iʿzāz Dīn Allāh
* Maʿad al-Mustanṣir bi'l-Lāh
* Nizār al-Muṣṭafā li-Dīn’il-Lāh / Aḥmad al-Mustāʿlī bi'l-Lāh
* Manṣūr al-Āmir bi-Aḥkām’il-Lāh
* ʿAbd al-Majīd al-Ḥāfiz li-Dīn Allāh / Abu'l-Qāsim al-Tayyib

Incumbent leaders

* Nizārī Ismā'īlī Imām: Aga Khan IV
* Musta'li Ismaili-Taiyabi Dā'ī al-Mutlaqs:
* Alavi Bohra: Haatim Zakiyuddin
* Dawoodi Bohra: Mufaddal Saifuddin
* Qutbi Bohra: Taher Fakhruddin

Islam portal

* v
* t
* e

The Baghdad Manifesto was a polemical tract issued in 1011 on behalf of the Abbasid caliph al-Qadir against the rival Isma'ili Fatimid Caliphate.

## Background

[edit]

The manifesto was the result of the steady expansion of the Fatimid Caliphate since its establishment in the early 10th century, and the continued activity of the pro-Fatimid Isma'ili missionary movement (da'wa) across the Middle East. In 1010/11, the da'wa scored a significant success when the Shi'a Uqaylids, who ruled Mosul, Mada'in, Kufa, and other towns close to the Abbasid capital of Baghdad, publicly recognized the suzerainty of the Fatimid caliph al-Hakim by having the khutba read in his name. They were soon followed by the Banu Asad tribe, also resident in Iraq.[1]

This expansion of Fatimid influence to the very doorstep of Baghdad alarmed the Abbasid caliph al-Qadir, who launched a series of counter-moves. In the same year, he successfully forced the Uqaylid ruler Qirwash to return to recognizing Abbasid suzerainty by threatening to attack him otherwise.[2]

## Manifesto

[edit]

He then called an assembly of leading Sunni and Twelver Shi'a scholars, including several esteemed Alids. The assembly issued a manifesto denouncing the Fatimids' claims of descent from Ali and the Ahl al-Bayt (the family of Muhammad) as false, and thus challenge the foundation of the Fatimid dynasty's claims to leadership in the Islamic world.[2][3]

Based on the work of the earlier anti-Fatimid polemicists Ibn Rizam and Akhu Muhsin, the manifesto instead put forth an alternative genealogy of descent from a certain Daysan ibn Sa'id.[4] The document was ordered read in mosques throughout the Abbasid territories, and al-Qadir commissioned a number of theologians to compose further anti-Fatimid tracts.[2] The manifesto and its list of signatories were reproduced by multiple medieval sources,[5] and during the early 20th century, due to the lack of sources that were not made available until later decades, it was used as a principal source on the origins and early history of the Fatimids.[3]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 184–185.
2. ^ a b c Daftary 2007, p. 185.
3. ^ a b Jiwa 2018, p. 22.
4. ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 101–102, 185.
5. ^ cf. Jiwa 2018, pp. 23–24

## Sources

[edit]

* Daftary, Farhad (2007). The Ismāʿı̄lı̄s: Their History and Doctrines (Second ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-61636-2.
* Jiwa, Shainool (2018). "The Baghdad Manifesto (402/1011): A Re-examination of Fatimid-Abbasid Rivalry". In Daftary, Farhad; Jiwa, Shainool (eds.). The Fatimid Caliphate: Diversity of Traditions. London and New York: I.B.Tauris, in association with the Institute of Ismaili Studies. pp. 22–79. ISBN 978-1-78831-133-5.

* v
* t
* e

Fatimid Caliphate topics

Imam-Caliphs|

* al-Mahdi Billah
* al-Qa'im bi-Amr Allah
* al-Mansur Billah
* al-Mu'izz li-Din Allah
* al-Aziz Billah
* al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
* al-Zahir li-i'zaz Din Allah
* al-Mustansir Billah
* al-Musta'li Billah
* al-Amir bi-Ahkam Allah
* al-Hafiz li-Din Allah
* al-Zafir bi-Amr Allah
* al-Fa'iz bi-Nasr Allah
* al-Adid li-Din Allah
* Dynasty

History|

| Foundation and rise (909–973)|

* Conquest of Aghlabid Ifriqiya
* Establishment
* 1st Sicilian revolt
* 1st invasion of Egypt
* 2nd invasion of Egypt
* 2nd Sicilian revolt
* Rebellion of Abu Yazid (943–947)
* Conquest of Morocco
* Conquest of Egypt

|

Apogee and crisis (973–1073)|

* Expansion into Syria
* Alexandretta
* 1st and 2nd Qarmatian invasions
* Struggle with Alptakin
* Aleppo
* Apamea
* Uprisings of Muffarij b. Daghfal
* Bedouin alliance uprising
* Revolt of Abu Rakwa
* Hilalian invasion of Ifriqiya
* al-Basasiri's conquest of Baghdad
* Loss of Aleppo
* Mustansirite Hardship

Recovery and downfall (1073–1171)|

* Dictatorship of Badr al-Jamali
* Revolt of Nizar
* Musta'li–Nizari schism
* First Crusade
* Siege of Ascalon
* Regime of Kutayfat and accession of al-Hafiz
* Hafizi–Tayyibi schism
* Crusader invasions of Egypt
* End of the Fatimid Caliphate
* Battle of the Blacks
* Conspiracy against Saladin

Government
and military|

| Viziers
and regents|

* Jawdhar
* Ya'qub ibn Killis
* Ibn Ammar
* Barjawan
* Sitt al-Mulk
* Ali ibn Ahmad al-Jarjara'i
* Abu Muhammad al-Yazuri
* Rasad
* Nasir al-Dawla Ibn Hamdan
* Badr al-Jamali
* al-Afdal Shahanshah
* Kutayfat
* Hasan ibn al-Hafiz
* Bahram al-Armani
* Ridwan ibn Walakhshi
* al-Ma'mun al-Bata'ihi
* al-Adil ibn al-Sallar
* Abbas ibn Abi al-Futuh
* Tala'i ibn Ruzzik
* Ruzzik ibn Tala'i
* Shawar
* Dirgham
* Shirkuh
* Saladin

|

Vassal dynasties|

* Kalbids (Sicily)
* Zirids and Hammadids (Ifriqiya)
* Sharifs of Mecca
* Sharifs of Medina
* Jarrahids (Palestine)
* Mirdasids (Aleppo)
* Sulayhids, Hamdanids, and Zurayids (Yemen)
* Banu Kanz (Nubia)
* Lodi (Multan)

Officials, governors
and generals|

* Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Baghdadi
* Khalil ibn Ishaq al-Tamimi
* Jawhar
* Bakjur
* Manjutakin
* Anushtakin al-Dizbari
* al-Basasiri
* Qadi al-Fadil

Military|

* Fatimid army
* Kutama
* Ghilman
* Fatimid navy

Isma'ilism|

| Doctrines|

* Imamate
* Hujja
* Esotericism
* Batin and Zahir

|

Branches and offshoots|

* Qarmatians
* Druze
* Hamza ibn Ali
* Nizari
* Assassins
* Musta'li
* Tayyibi
* Hafizi

Missionaries
and theologians|

* Hamdan Qarmat
* Ibn Hawshab
* Ali ibn al-Fadl al-Jayshani
* Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i
* Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Nasafi
* Abu Hatim al-Razi
* Abu Tammam
* Ja'far ibn Mansur al-Yaman
* al-Qadi al-Nu'man
* Abu Ya'qub al-Sijistani
* Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Naysaburi
* Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ya'qub
* Abdallah
* al-Mu'ayyad fi'l-Din al-Shirazi
* Hamid al-Din al-Kirmani

Anti-Fatimid
movement|

* Akhu Muhsin
* Baghdad Manifesto

Culture|

| Art and architecture|

* Mahdiya
* Great Mosque of Mahdiya
* Skifa Kahla
* Mansuriya
* Cairo
* Al-Hakim Mosque
* Aqmar Mosque
* Bab al-Futuh
* Bab al-Nasr
* Bab Zuweila
* Fatimid Great Palaces
* Juyushi Mosque
* Mashhad of Sayyida Ruqayya
* Portable mihrab
* Al-Salih Tala'i Mosque
* Minbar of the Ibrahimi Mosque
* Shrine of Husayn's Head

|

Literature and learning|

* Ali ibn Muhammad al-Iyadi
* al-Qadi al-Nu'man
* Muhammad ibn Hani al-Andalusi al-Azdi
* al-Musabbihi
* al-Azhar University
* House of Knowledge

Media
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template