Bahrain Island

Island in the Gulf of Bahrain

Bahrain Island

Native name:

جزيرة البحرين

Nickname: Al-Awal Island

Bahrain Island

Location of Bahrain Island in the Gulf of Persia

Geography
Location| Persian Gulf
Coordinates| 26°02′N 50°33′E﻿ / ﻿26.03°N 50.55°E﻿ / 26.03; 50.55
Archipelago| Bahrain
Adjacent to| Persian Gulf
Total islands| 5
Area| 604 km2 (233 sq mi)
Length| 51 km (31.7 mi)
Width| 18 km (11.2 mi)
Coastline| 130 km (81 mi)
Highest elevation| 134 m (440 ft)
Highest point| Mountain of Smoke
Administration

Bahrain

Governorates|

* Northern Governorate
* Southern Governorate
* Capital Governorate

Largest settlement| Manama (pop. 350,000)
Demographics
Demonym| Bahraini
Population| 940,000 (2010)
Pop. density| 1,556/km2 (4030/sq mi)
Ethnic groups| Bahraini, non-Bahraini
Additional information
Time zone|

* AST (UTC+3)

ISO code| BH-14
Official website| www.bahrain.com

Bahrain Island (Arabic: جزيرة البحرين Jazīrah al-Baḥrayn), also known as al-Awal Island[1] and formerly as Bahrein,[2][3] is the largest island within the archipelago of Bahrain,[4] and forms the bulk of the country's land mass while hosting the majority of its population.[5]

## Geography[edit]

Most of the island of Bahrain is in a relatively shallow inlet of the Persian Gulf known as the Gulf of Bahrain. The seabed adjacent to Bahrain is rocky and, mainly off the northern part of the island, covered by extensive coral reefs. Most of the island is low-lying and barren desert. Outcroppings of limestone form low rolling hills, stubby cliffs, and shallow ravines. The limestone is covered by various densities of saline sand, capable of supporting only the hardiest desert vegetation such as chiefly thorn trees and scrubs. A 5 km (3.1 mi) wide fertile strip of land exists along the northern coast on which date, almond, fig, and pomegranate trees grow. The interior contains an escarpment that rises to 134 m (440 ft), the highest point on the island, to form the Mountain of Smoke, named as such due to the mists that often wreathe the summit. Most of the country's oil wells are situated in the vicinity of the mountain.

## Climate[edit]

The climatic conditions of the area is arid. The average annual temperature in the area is 28 °C. The warmest month is August, when the average temperature is 38 °C and the coldest is January, with 18 °C. The average annual rainfall is 144 millimeters. The rainiest month is November, with an average of 38 mm of precipitation, and the driest is October, with 1 mm of precipitation.

## Demography[edit]

Manama, the capital of the kingdom of Bahrain, is located on the northeastern tip of the Island of Bahrain. The main port, Mina Salman, is also located on the island, as are the major oil refining facilities and commercial centers.

## Administration[edit]

The island is split between 3 of the Bahrain's Governorates.

## Transportation[edit]

Causeways and bridges connect Bahrain to adjacent islands and the mainland of Saudi Arabia. The oldest causeway, originally constructed in 1929, links Bahrain to Al Muharraq, the third largest island. There are three causeways connecting Muharraq Island with Manama on Bahrain Island:

* Shaikh Hamad Bridge: From Muharraq City to Diplomatic Area
* Shaikh Isa bin Salman Causeway: From Muharraq City/Busaiteen to Diplomatic Area
* Shaikh Khalifa Bridge: From Hidd to Juffair

At its eastern shore is lying Sitrah, site of the oil export terminal, which is linked to Bahrain by a bridge that spans the narrow channel separating the two islands. At its western shore, a causeway to the island of Umm an Nasan, continues on to the Saudi mainland town of Al Khubar through the King Fahd Causeway. Umm an Nasan is the private property of the king and the site of his personal game preserve.

## Gallery[edit]

* Map 1

* Map Districts

* Muharraq in the foreground; Manama on Bahrain Island in the background

* Bahrain Island (center) seen from space.

## See also[edit]

* List of islands of Bahrain

## Notes[edit]

1. ^ "Case Concerning Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questions between Qatar and Bahrain". International Court of Justice. 2001. p. 59\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-12-25. Retrieved 2013-06-09.
2. ^ EB (1878).
3. ^ EB (1911).
4. ^ Geonames Bahrain
5. ^ "Facts and Figures of Bahrain". Archived from the original on 2016-04-22. Retrieved 2016-04-16.

## References[edit]

* Bahrain portal

* Baynes, T. S., ed. (1878), "Bahrein" , Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 3 (9th ed.), New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, p. 240
* Holdich, Thomas Hungerford (1911), "Bahrein Islands" , in Chisholm, Hugh (ed.), Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 3 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 212

* v
* t
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Islands of Bahrain

Natural|

* Bahrain Island
* Al Dar Island
* Al Garum Islands
* Halat Nuaim
* Hawar Islands
* Jidda Island
* Muharraq Island
* Nabih Saleh
* Passport Island
* Qassar al Qulayʽah
* Qassar Khusayfah
* Qit'at Jaradah
* South Sitra Island
* Umm an Nasan
* Umm as Sabaan

Artificial|

* Amwaj Islands
* Bahrain Bay
* Diyar Al Muharraq
* Durrat Al Bahrain
* Halat Nuaim
* Northern City
* Nurana Islands
* Prince Khalifa Bin Salman Island
* Reef Island
* Sitra
* East Sitra City

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