Battle of Mogadishu (2008)

Part of the Ethiopian occupation of Somalia (2006–2009)
| Date| April 19–20, 2008

|

Location|

Mogadishu, Somalia

Result|  Indecisive
Belligerents
ICU insurgents
ARS
Al-Shabaab|  Ethiopia
Transitional Federal Government
Casualties and losses

* 7 ICU fighters

|  Unknown
Civilian casualties:
98 killed (Elman Human Rights Group claim[1])

* v
* t
* e

War in Somalia (2006–2009)

Timeline

* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

* * *

Battles

* 1st Baidoa
* Bandiradley
* 1st Beledweyne
* Jowhar
* Mogadishu (fall)
* Jilib
* 1st Kismayo
* Ras Kamboni
* 1st Mogadishu
* Bargal
* 2nd Mogadishu
* 3rd Mogadishu
* Al-Hidayah Mosque
* 2nd Beledweyne
* 2nd Baidoa
* 2nd Kismayo

The 2008 Battle of Mogadishu began when soldiers from Ethiopian National Defence Force (ENDF) entered parts of the capital held by the insurgency on 19 April, sparking heavy street fighting in the northern part of the city.

The battle spread out over several districts of Mogadishu, predominantly Daynile, Yaaqshiid and Huriwa resulting in the most fierce fighting between the Ethiopians and the insurgency since the start of 2008.[2] During the fighting for Huriwa the ENDF carried out the Al-Hidaya Mosque Masscare.[3]

## Timeline

[edit]

On 19 April, Somali insurgents ambushed a group of Ethiopian soldiers, who entered an area of Mogadishu on foot, sparking heavy battles. The intense clashes spread out across three districts in the northern quarter of the capital Mogadishu, with Ethiopian troops expanding into insurgent strongholds for the first time in weeks. The initial fighting lasted more than an hour, ending with Ethiopian troops retreating back to their main bases at Mogadishu Stadium and the ex-pasta factory.[4]

Abdi Rahim Isa Adow, a spokesman for the Islamic insurgents, confirmed that seven militants had been killed but said that "a large number of Ethiopian soldiers" had also been killed. Witness Omar Abdulahi said that among the dead he counted were two old men shot by Ethiopian soldiers inside their homes. Nasteho Moalim said her 7-year-old daughter and three neighbors were killed by tank shells fired by Ethiopian forces that hit their homes.[5][6][4]

On April 20, Islamist insurgents ambushed a security vehicle in the capital's Madina neighbourhood, killing two soldiers and a shopowner who was caught in the crossfire.[7] Later in the day, five Somali soldiers and three insurgents in addition to a number of civilians.[8] Two Ethiopian soldiers were confirmed to be among the dead.[9] On April 21, the Somali capital was largely quiet as residents ventured out onto the streets to collect the bodies of the dead or escape the city.[10]

### Hidaya Mosque massacre

[edit]

Main article: Hidaya Mosque massacre

Huriwa and neighboring districts were a focal point of the battles.[11] As fierce fighting was underway in Huriwa during the 19th and 20th of April, al-Hidaya came under deliberate artillery fire from Ethiopian forces.[12]

According to several witnesses, Ethiopian soldiers stormed a mosque and killed several occupants. 11 bodies were later found, some with their throat slit and others shot to death. Of the 11 dead victims, nine were regular congregants at the mosque and reportedly were part of the Tabliiq wing of Sunni Islam.[13][14] Tabliiq official Shiekh Abdi-kheyr Isse said the Ethiopians had "slaughtered" the clerics. "The first person they [Ethiopian soldiers] killed was Sheikh Said Yahya, the Imam," a witness said, adding that the late Imam opened the mosque door after the soldiers knocked.[13]

## Casualties

[edit]

98 civilians died in the fighting. Most of the casualties were caused by Ethiopians using heavy artillery and tank shells in residential areas of the war-torn capital, according to the Elman Human Rights Group.[1]

The ICU reported the loss of seven fighters.[4] A spokesman for the Islamic Courts Union, Sheikh Ibrahim Suley, said the real death toll from the violence was much higher. "The Ethiopians killed around 200 people and kidnapped 160 others including 41 Koranic students...We will continue fighting the Ethiopians and those under the protection of their tanks. We call on them to repent," Suley told Reuters.[1]

## See also

[edit]

* Battle of Mogadishu (March–April 2007)
* Battle of Mogadishu (November 2007)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Somalia death toll nears 100 with fresh fighting
2. ^ "Somalia: Situation Report No. 16 - 25 Apr 2008". ReliefWeb. UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. 2008-04-25. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
3. ^ Barise, Hassan (21 April 2008). "Xaaladda magaalada Muqdisho" [The situation in Mogadishu]. BBC Somali.
4. ^ a b c "20 killed as insurgents ambush Ethiopian soldiers in Somalia". Garowe Online. 20 April 2006. Archived from the original on 22 April 2008.
5. ^ Fighting kills 81 in Somalia, rights group says - International Herald Tribune
6. ^ 27 reported killed in Somalia capital - CNN.com
7. ^ France 24 | Mogadishu clashes claim seven more lives | France 24 Archived June 9, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
8. ^ France 24 | New violence rocks Mogadishu | France 24 Archived June 9, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
9. ^ Garowe Online – Home Archived April 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
10. ^ Al Jazeera English – News – Somalis Flee After Mogadishu Battle Archived April 22, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
11. ^ "Clerics killed in Somali mosque". BBC News. 21 April 2008. Retrieved 2022-03-23.
12. ^ "Ciidamada Itoobiyaanka Oo Xasuuq Fool-Xun Ka Geystay Masaajid Xarun u Ah Tabliiqiyiinta Muqdisho" [The Ethiopian army committed an ugly massacre at a mosque that is a center for the Tabliqhi in Mogadishu]. Haatuf News (in Somali). 22 April 2008. Retrieved 2024-04-24.
13. ^ a b Garowe Online – Home Archived December 3, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
14. ^ BBC NEWS | Africa | Clerics killed in Somali mosque

* v
* t
* e

War in Somalia (2006–2009)

* Part of the Somali Civil War
* Ethiopian–Somali conflict
* War on terror

Timeline|

* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

Background|

* History of Somalia (1991–2006)
* Greater Somalia
* Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa
* Somali Civil War
* Factions
* Diplomatic and humanitarian efforts
* Propaganda
* Disarmament
* 2006 Islamic Courts Union offensive
* 2006 Battle of Mogadishu
* Ethiopian–Somali conflict
* Insurgency in Ogaden
* Somali Reconciliation Conferences
* 1993
* 2002
* 2007

Battles|

* Battle of Baidoa
* Battle of Bandiradley
* Battle of Beledweyne (2006)
* Battle of Jowhar
* Fall of Mogadishu
* Battle of Jilib
* Fall of Kismayo
* Battle of Ras Kamboni
* Battle of Mogadishu (March–April 2007)
* Battle of Bargal (2007)
* Battle of Mogadishu (November 2007)
* Battle of Mogadishu (2008)
* Battle of Beledweyne (2008)
* Siege of Baidoa
* Battle of Kismayo (2008)

OEF–HOA|

* Battle of Ras Kamboni
* Battle of Bargal (2007)
* Dobley airstrike
* Dhusamareb airstrike

Other events|

* 2007 Mogadishu TransAVIAexport Airlines Il-76 crash
* February 2008 Bosaso bombings
* Al-Hidaya Mosque massacre
* 2008 Mogadishu bombing
* 2008 Hargeisa–Bosaso bombings

Key players|

* Ethiopia
* Meles Zenawi
* Gabre Heard
* Islamic Courts Union
* Hassan Dahir Aweys
* Sharif Sheikh Ahmed
* al-Itihaad al-Islamiya
* Hassan Abdullah Hersi al-Turki
* al-Shabaab
* Mukhtar Robow
* Aden Hashi Farah Aero
* ARPCT
* Abdi Hasan Awale
* Mohamed Omar Habeb
* Transitional Federal Parliament
* Ali Mohammed Ghedi
* Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed
* Puntland
* Mohamud Muse Hersi
* Galmudug
* Mohamed Warsame Ali
* United States
* Jendayi Frazer
* AMISOM
* Yoweri Museveni

* Next phase: Somali Civil War (2009–present)

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