Battle of Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki

1655 battle of the Second Northern War ('Swedish Deluge')

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Battle of Nowy Dwór

Part of the Northern War of 1655–1660 / The Deluge

Battle of Nowy Dwór by Erik Dahlberg
| Date| September 20–30, 1655

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Location|

Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki

Result|  Swedish victory
Belligerents
Swedish Empire|  Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Commanders and leaders
Gustaf Otto Stenbock|  Jan Kazimierz Krasiński
Strength
~1,500 cavalry
6,500 infantry
60 cannons|  7,000 cavalry
1,000 infantry
7 cannons
Casualties and losses
5 killed|  ~300 killed
7 cannons

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The Deluge

* Ujście
* Danzig
* Sobota
* Żarnów
* 1st Kraków
* Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki
* Wojnicz
* Krosno
* Jasna Góra
* Königsberg insurrection [de]
* Radom
* Gołąb
* Zamość
* Jarosław
* Nisko
* Sandomierz
* Kozienice
* Warka
* Kłecko
* 1st Warsaw
* Kcynia
* Tykocin
* 2nd Warsaw
* Łowicz
* Lubrze
* Prostki
* Filipów
* Chojnice
* Transylvanian campaign
* 3rd Warsaw
* Magierów
* Czarny Ostrów
* Skałat
* 2nd Kraków
* Toruń
* Skuodas
* Grudziądz

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Northern War of 1655–1660

Theaters

* Swedish Deluge
* Prussian insurrection [de]
* Russo-Swedish (1656–1658)
* Pomerania
* Dano-Swedish (1657–1658)
* Dano-Swedish (1658–1660)
* Norway
* Peach Tree War
* New Sweden
* Courland
* Africa

Battles

* Ujście
* Danzig
* Sobota
* Żarnów
* 1st Cracow
* Nowy Dwór
* Wojnicz
* Krosno
* Jasna Góra
* Radom
* Gołąb
* Jarosław
* Nisko
* Zamość
* Sandomierz
* Warka
* Kłecko
* 1st Warsaw
* Kcynia
* Tykocin
* 2nd Warsaw
* Dyneburg
* Kokenhusen
* Riga
* Łowicz
* Lubrze
* 2nd Cracow
* Prostki/Prostken
* Filipów
* Chojnice
* 3rd Warsaw
* Walk
* Magierów
* Czarny Ostrów
* Skałat
* Gdov
* March Across the Belts
* Toruń
* Szkudy
* Sound
* Kolding
* Rödsund
* Copenhagen
* Ebeltoft
* Grudziądz
* Nyborg
* Strasburg

Treaties

The Battle of Nowy Dwór was fought during September 20 - September 30, 1655 between forces of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth commanded by Jan Kazimierz Krasiński on one side, and on the other Swedish Empire forces commanded by Gustaf Otto Stenbock. It ended in Swedish victory.

## Background

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On September 8, 1655, Swedish forces under King Charles X Gustav entered Warsaw, which had been abandoned by John II Casimir of Poland on August 18. At the same time, in the village of Mogilno near Zakroczym, Mazovian levée en masse gathered to fight the invaders. It was commanded by Voivode of Płock, Jan Kazimierz Krasinski. Swedish forces, including such units, as Jämtlands fältjägarregemente and Norrlands dragonregemente, sent from Warsaw to face the Poles, decided to cross the Narew near Nowy Dwor Mazowiecki.

## Battle

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On September 21, the Swedes approached Nowy Dwór. Polish camp was located on a 30-meter hill, located at the confluence of the Vistula and Bugonarew. Swedish troops quickly captured Nowy Dwor and began construction of a bridge. Their commandant, Gustaf Otto Stenbock was well aware of the fact that in previous battles, the Polish szlachta of the levée en masse had capitulated to the Swedes without fighting. Therefore, on September 28, Stenbock urged the Poles to capitulate, but their offer was rejected. An exchange of fire began, in which Swedish artillery had an advantage. Covered by the cannons, Swedish reiters crossed the Narew, finishing construction of the bridge, and digging trenches, which protected the river crossing.

In the morning of September 30, Stenbock's army crossed the river and attacked the Polish positions. The battle took place in the area where now the district of Modlin is located. Swedish fire forced the Masurians to withdraw north. The mobility of Polish units prevented them from complete destruction, as the Swedes were too slow to chase them. Polish losses amounted to some 300 killed. The Swedes captured about 500 wagons of the baggage train and 7 cannons which had been abandoned by the poles. Two battle standards were also taken. [1]

On the next day the Poles counterattacked, but without success. Swedish advance continued, and the invaders captured Pułtusk.

## Aftermath

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The Swedish victory opened the road towards the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and Livonia, while Swedish engineers noticed strategic importance of the location of the battle. In the following months, they constructed here a permanent fortified position, the so-called Bugskansen. This star-shaped military camp was main supply depot and concentration point of the Swedish-Brandenburgian army during the Battle of Warsaw. In the early 19th century, the Modlin Fortress was built in the location of the Bugskansen.

## Sources

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1. ^ Englund, Peter (2000). Den oövervinnerlige: om den svenska stormaktstiden och en man i dess mitt (in Swedish). Stockholm: Atlantis. pp. 305–308\. ISBN 978-91-7486-999-6.

* Leszek Podhorodecki, Rapier i koncerz, Warszawa 1985, ISBN 83-05-11452-X, str. 261-262

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