Battle of Paterna

Military conflict

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Battle of Paterna

Part of the Reconquista

Map of the Taifa of Valencia.
| Date| 1065

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Location|

Paterna, Province of Valencia, Spain

Result|  Leonese Victory
Belligerents
Kingdom of León|  Taifa of Valencia
Commanders and leaders
Ferdinand I of León and Castile|  Abd al-Malik ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Muẓaffar

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Battles in the Reconquista

8th century

* Covadonga
* 1st Roncevaux Pass
* Burbia River
* Lutos
* Las Babias
* Río Quirós
* Río Nalón
* Oviedo

9th century

* 1st Barcelona
* 1st Tortosa
* Pancorbo
* 2nd Roncevaux Pass
* Clavijo
* Albelda
* Guadalacete
* Monte Laturce
* Morcuera
* Polvoraria
* 1st Cellorigo
* 2nd Cellorigo
* 2nd Barcelona

10th century

* Day of Zamora
* Pallars and Ribagorza
* 1st San Esteban de Gormaz
* 2nd San Esteban de Gormaz
* Valdejunquera
* 1st Toledo
* Alhandic
* Simancas
* Estercuel
* Torrevicente
* Rueda
* 3rd Barcelona

11th century

* Cervera
* Calatañazor
* Torà
* Albesa
* Aqbat al-Bakr
* Graus
* Coimbra
* Barbastro
* Paterna
* Llantada
* Golpejera
* Cabra
* Piedra Pisada
* Morella
* 2nd Toledo
* 1st Zaragoza
* Sagrajas
* Tudela
* Tévar
* 3rd Toledo
* 1st Valencia
* Alcoraz
* Bairén
* Consuegra
* 4th Toledo
* 5th Toledo

12th century

* 2nd Valencia
* Mollerussa
* Uclés
* Norwegian raid
* 6th Toledo
* Talavera
* 1st Balearic Islands
* Candespina
* 1st Santarém
* 2nd Balearic Islands
* Martorell
* Coimbra
* 2nd Zaragoza
* Cutanda
* 1st Granada
* 3rd Valencia
* 1st Badajoz
* Fraga
* 1st Coria
* Ourique
* Oreja
* 2nd Coria
* 1st Lisbon
* 1st Montiel
* Almería
* Al-Ludjdj
* 2nd Santarém
* Sacavém
* 2nd Lisbon
* 2nd Tortosa
* 2nd Badajoz
* 3rd Santarém
* Alvor
* 1st Silves
* 2nd Silves
* Tomar
* Alarcos

13th century

* Al-Dāmūs
* Las Navas de Tolosa
* Alcácer do Sal
* 1st Jaén
* Peníscola
* Aragonese raid
* Majorca
* Portopí
* 2nd Jaén
* 1st Jerez
* Ares
* Burriana
* Córdoba
* El Puig
* 4th Valencia
* Algarve
* 1st Xàtiva
* 2nd Xàtiva
* Biar
* 3rd Jaén
* 2nd Seville
* Faro
* 2nd Jerez
* Mudéjar revolt
* 3rd Jerez
* 1st Murcia
* Écija
* Martos
* Montesa
* 1st Algeciras
* 2nd Algeciras
* Moclín
* Iznalloz

14th century

* 1st Gibraltar
* 3rd Algeciras
* Almería
* 2nd Gibraltar
* Vega de Granada
* Shepherds' Crusade
* Teba
* 3rd Gibraltar
* 4th Gibraltar
* Vega de Pagana
* Getares
* Río Salado
* Estepona
* 4th Algeciras
* 5th Gibraltar
* Linuesa
* Guadix
* 2nd Montiel
* 5th Algeciras
* 2nd Murcia

15th century

* Collejares
* Antequera
* 6th Gibraltar
* La Higueruela
* 7th Gibraltar
* Los Alporchones
* 8th Gibraltar
* 9th Gibraltar
* 2nd Granada campaign
* Lucena
* Málaga

Post-Reconquista Rebellions

* 1st Alpujarras
* 2nd Alpujarras

* * *

North Africa

* Salé
* Strait
* 1st Ceuta
* 2nd Ceuta
* 3nd Ceuta
* 4nd Ceuta
* 1st Tangier
* Asilah
* Melilla
* 2nd Tangier

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The Battle of Paterna (Paterna, 1065) took place between the troops of the Kingdom of León, under the command of Ferdinand I of León and Castile, and those of the Taifa of Valencia, commanded by Abd al-Malik ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Muẓaffar. The battle occurred at the same time as the Siege of Valencia, resulted in a victory for the Kingdom of León.

## Historical context[edit]

In 1063, Fernando I of Leon sent his son, the infante Sancho to the aid of his vassal, Ahmad al-Muqtadir, king of the Taifa of Zaragoza when his city of Graus was being besieged by the forces of Ramiro I of Aragon. Consequently, Ramiro, who was Fernando's brother, would be defeated and killed.

In the aftermath of that battle, there ensued a mass slaughter of Christians. To appease public support, Ahmad al-Muqtadir stopped paying his vassal tribute to the Kingdom of León. King Fernando responded in 1065 by launching an expedition into the valley of the Ebro River, devastating the land and defeating al-Muqtadir, once again forcing him into a vassal state.

The expedition continued on towards the Taifa of Valencia, governed by Abd al-Malik ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Muẓaffar, with the intent on also turning that city into a vassal state.

## The battle[edit]

After besieging the city, Ferdinand I found the city's defenses to be extremely resilient and determined that it would be impossible to take them by an assault. The king therefore decided to call for a general retreat from the city. The Muslim defenders of Valencia exited the city and began to harass the retreat of the Leonese forces. At Paterna, approximately five kilometers from Valencia on the left bank of the Turia, the Leonese troops set an ambush for the pursuing forces.[1] Catching the Valencian attackers completely by surprise, they were wiped out almost to a man. It was said that Abd al-Malik only escaped due to the speed of his horse.[2]

The poet Abu Ishaq al-Tarasuní related the occurrences of the battle in the following verses translated from Spanish:

"The Christians were clad in bright armour, but ye were arrayed in silken robes of various colours.

Partana is the spot where your valour and their cowardice became once more manifest."[3]

> Se habían puesto las cotas de malla de hierro mientras vosotros vestíais túnicas de seda cada cual más bella,... que feos resultaban ellos y qué hermosos vosotros si no hubiera sido por lo que pasó en Paterna.

## Aftermath[edit]

After the battle, King Ferdinand I once again resumed the siege of Valencia. Later during the siege, Ferdinand became ill and once again ordered a retreat back to León where he died on December 27 of the same year, 1065.

## See also[edit]

* Ferdinand I of León and Castile
* Reconquista

## References[edit]

* Al-Makkari, Nafh at-tib, II, 148–9.
* Ibn Idhari, al-Bayan al-Mugrib, I, 111 y III, 252–3.

## Citations[edit]

1. ^ ibn Muḥammad Maqqarī, Aḥmad (1843). The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain. Oriental translation fund of Great Britain and Ireland, sold. pp. 264–265. "Battle of Paterna."
2. ^ Candeira, Alfonso Sánchez (1999). Castilla y León en el siglo XI: estudio del reinado de Fernando I (in Spanish). Real Academia de la Historia. p. 187\. ISBN 978-84-89512-41-2.
3. ^ ibn Muḥammad al- Maqqarī, Aḥmad (1840). The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties in Spain: Extracted from the Nafhu-t-tíb Min Ghosni-l-Andalusi-r-rattíb Wa Táríkh Lisánu-d-Dín Ibni-l-Khattíb, Volume 1. Oriental translation fund of Great Britain and Ireland. p. 68.

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