Battle of Rymnik

1789 battle of the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)

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Battle of Rymnik

Part of the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)

Clash between Russo-Austrian and Turkish troops in the Battle of Rymnik
| Date| 22 September 1789

|

Location|

Râmnicul Sărat River / Râmnicu Sărat, Wallachia

Result|  Austro-Russian victory
Territorial
changes|  Wallachia occupied by Habsburg forces
Belligerents
Russia
Austria|  Ottoman Empire
Commanders and leaders
Alexander Suvorov
Josias of Coburg|  Hasan Pasha
Mustafa Pasha
Strength

* 25,000[1][2]
* ~18,000
* ~7,000

103 guns[1]|

100,000[3][2]

80 guns[4]
Casualties and losses
less than 1,000[5][6]|  nearly 20,000[5][6]

* v
* t
* e

Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)
Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)

* 1st Anapa
* Kinburn
* 1st Ochakov
* 2nd Ochakov
* Chocim
* Koča's rebellion
* Fidonisi
* 2nd Anapa
* Karánsebes
* Souli
* Focşani
* Belgrade
* Rymnik
* 3rd Anapa
* Andros
* Cetingrad
* Kerch
* Tendra
* Izmail
* 4th Anapa
* Măcin
* Kaliakra

The Battle of Rymnik or Rimnik[7] (Turkish: Boze Savaşı [Battle of the Boze]; Russian: Рымникское сражение [Battle of the Rymnik]) on September 22 (11), 1789, took place in Wallachia, at the Râmnicul Sărat River near Râmnicu Sărat (now in Romania), during the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792. The Russian general Alexander Suvorov, acting together with the Habsburg general Prince Josias of Coburg, attacked the main Ottoman army under Grand Vizier Cenaze Hasan Pasha. The result was a crushing Russo-Austrian victory.

## Background[edit]

In September 1789, the Ottoman vizier Cenaze Hasan Pasha, vowing revenge for their forces' defeat at Focșani, raised an army of more than 100,000 men, mostly janissaries, to defeat the combined Austro-Russian armies under generals Alexander Suvorov and Prince Josias of Coburg. Sending his troops into a grueling night march, the Pasha attacked the 18,000-strong Austrian detachment. Taking into account Josias's numbers and their poor performance in the war, specifically after the Battle of Karánsebes, the Pasha was convinced that he could defeat this force easily. However, once he heard of this, Suvorov and his 7,000-strong force marched to their aid, covering about 60 miles (97 km) in two and a half days, arriving on the eve of the battle. As the commander-in-chief of all Russo-Austrian forces of the front, he quickly took command of the combined Austro-Russian army.

## Battle[edit]

Suvorov divided his combined army into two columns to advance towards the Ottoman formations at 11am., the next morning, after crossing the river Rymnik (now known as the Râmna), attacked. As they advanced, they crippled the enemy artillery and adopted infantry square formations to repel enemy cavalry counterattacks which tried to split the Russian army in two. This done, the army stormed the enemy camp and routed them completely.

At 5 p.m., after storming the Ottoman fortifications near the village Bogza (Vrancea) and reuniting with the Austrian army, the combined army then advanced onto a general offensive towards the main Ottoman camp in the forest nearby. While the Austrians advance was pinning down enemy troops, the rest of Suvorov's army outflanked the enemy army and attacked them with cavalry, causing panic among the Ottomans who had almost nowhere to retreat but across the Rymnik, where most of them drowned while trying to cross it.

## Casualties[edit]

At the cost of 1,000 casualties, Suvorov inflicted about 20,000 casualties against the Turks, who were now in full retreat from the Danubian Principalities. The Turks lost all their artillery and baggage train.

## Aftermath[edit]

For this victory, Alexander Suvorov was awarded the title of "Count of Rymnik" (граф Рымникский, Graf Rymniksky) by the Russian Empress Catherine the Great. On the other hand, the Ottoman vizier Cenaze Hasan Pasha was dismissed on December 2, 1789, after his defeat.[8] Meanwhile, the Habsburgs occupied all of Wallachia until the war ended.

## Gallery[edit]

* The battlefield

* Suvorov's monument (detail)

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b Russo-Austrian troops defeated the Turkish army in the Battle of Rymnik Archived April 29, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
2. ^ a b Stone D. R. A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2006. p. 86
3. ^ Dowling T. C. Russia at War. From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. ABC-CLIO, 2014. p. 751
4. ^ "РЫМНИКСКОЕ СРАЖЕНИЕ 1789 • Great Russian Encyclopedia – Electronic version". old.bigenc.ru. Retrieved 2023-08-04.
5. ^ a b Dowling T. C. Russia at War. From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. ABC-CLIO, 2014. p. 752
6. ^ a b Stone D. R. A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya. Greenwood Publishing Group. 2006. p. 87
7. ^ "Aleksandr Vasilyevich Suvorov, Count Rimniksky | Russian Military Strategist & Hero | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
8. ^ Nicolae Iorga:Geschichte des ottomanischen Reiches Vol 5 (trans: Nilüfer Epçeli) ISBN 975-6480-22-X p. 83

## External links[edit]

* Map: "Battle of Rymnik 22.9.1789"

* v
* t
* e

Battles involving the Ottoman Empire by era

Rise
(1299-1453)|

| Land battles|

* Kulaca Hisar
* Bapheus
* Dimbos
* Nicaea
* Pelekanon
* Demotika
* Gallipoli
* Ihtiman
* Adrianople
* Sırp Sındığı
* Samokov
* Maritsa
* Philadelphia
* Dubravnica
* Savra
* Pločnik
* Bileća
* Kosovo
* Kırkdilim
* Karanovasa
* Rovine
* Ohrid
* Nicopolis
* Ankara
* Çamurlu
* Thessalonica
* Golubac
* Novo Brdo
* Hermannstadt
* 1st Niš
* Zlatitsa
* Kunovica
* Torvioll
* Varna
* 1st Mokra
* Otonetë
* 1st Oranik
* 2nd Kosovo
* Polog
* Constantinople

|

Naval battles|

* Gallipoli

Classical Age
(1453-1550)|

| Land battles|

* Leskovac
* Krusevac
* 2nd Oranik
* 1st Belgrade
* Albulena
* Târgoviște
* 2nd Mokra
* Ohrid
* Vaikal
* Meçad
* Otlukbeli
* Vaslui
* Valea Albă
* Shkodra
* Breadfield
* Una
* Adana
* Cătlăbuga
* Vrpile
* Krbava
* Dubica
* Çaldıran
* Turnadag
* Algiers
* Koçhisar
* Mercidabık
* Han Yunus
* Ridanieh
* Jajce
* Tlemcen
* 1st Mohács
* Peñón of Algiers
* Leobersdorf
* Gorjani
* Baghdad
* Algiers
* Pest
* Esztergom
* Karagak
* Sokhoista

|

Naval battles|

* Zonchio
* Modon
* Balearic
* Diu
* 1st Jeddah
* Formentera
* Tunis
* Preveza
* Girolata
* Alborán
* Ponza
* Strait of Hormuz
* Gulf of Oman
* Djerba

Transformation
(1550-1700)|

| Land battles|

* Tlemcen
* Temesvár
* Palast
* Fez
* Tadla
* Tlemcen
* Mostaganem
* Krupa
* Szigeth
* Fez
* Gvozdansko
* Çıldır
* Torches
* Alcácer Quibir
* 1st Brest
* Bihać
* Sisak
* Banat
* Călugăreni
* Giurgiu
* 2nd Brest
* Keresztes
* Nagykanizsa
* Sufiyan
* Tashiskari
* Cecora
* 1st Khotyn
* Candia
* Köbölkút
* Jurjeve Stijene
* 1st Zrínyiújvár
* 2nd Zrínyiújvár
* Novi Zrin
* Jijel
* Saint Gotthard
* Ładyżyn
* Krasnobród
* Niemirów
* Komarno
* 2nd Khotyn
* Lwów
* Trembowla
* 2nd Vienna
* Párkány
* Buda
* Vác
* Eperjes
* Kassa
* Vrtijeljka
* 2nd Mohács
* Crimea
* Negroponte
* Batočina
* 2nd Niš
* Zernest
* Egri Palanka
* Slankamen
* Hodów
* Ustechko
* Moulouya
* Lugos
* Ulaş
* Azov
* Zenta

|

Naval battles|

* Cyprus
* Lepanto
* Tunis
* Cape Corvo
* Cape Celidonia
* Focchies
* 1st Dardanelles
* 2nd Dardanelles
* 3rd Dardanelles
* 4th Dardanelles
* Algiers
* Algiers
* Algiers
* Mytilene
* Oinousses
* Andros
* Samothrace

Old Regime
(1700-1789)|

| Land battles|

* Chelif
* Oran
* Pruth
* Petrovaradin
* 2nd Belgrade
* Kurijan
* Samarra
* Kirkuk
* Yeghevārd
* Ganja
* Banja Luka
* Grocka
* Perekop
* Ochakov
* Stavunchany
* Kars
* Khresili
* Aspindza
* Larga
* Kagul
* Kozludzha
* Karánsebes

|

Naval battles|

* Imbros
* Matapan
* Çeşme
* Patras
* 1st Kerch Strait
* Ochakov
* Fidonisi

Modernization
(1789-1908)|

| Land battles|

* Kinburn
* Ochakov
* Karánsebes
* Focșani
* Rymnik
* Izmail
* Măcin
* Shubra Khit
* Pyramids
* Mount Tabor
* Abukir
* Heliopolis
* Derna
* Arpachai
* Batin
* Slobozia
* Al-Safra
* Jeddah
* Čegar
* Alamana
* Gravia
* Erzurum
* Valtetsi
* Doliana
* Lalas
* Drăgășani
* Sculeni
* Vasilika
* Peta
* Dervenakia
* Karpenisi
* Arachova
* Kamatero
* Phaleron
* Petra
* Kars
* Varna
* Akhaltsikhe
* Kulevicha
* Algiers
* Konya
* Nezib
* Akhaltsikhe
* Başgedikler
* Kurekdere
* Oltenița
* Eupatoria
* Chernaya
* Kars
* Al-Hasa
* Kızıl Tepe
* Shipka Pass
* Plevna
* Aladzha
* Kars
* Philippopolis
* Taşkesen
* Novšiće
* Ulcinj
* Mouzaki
* Al Wajbah
* Velestino
* Domokos

|

Naval battles|

* Andros
* 2nd Kerch Strait
* Tendra
* Kaliakra
* 5th Dardanelles
* 6th Dardanelles
* Athos
* Algiers
* Nauplia
* Samos
* Gerontas
* Navarino
* Sinop

* For 20th-century battles before 1914 see List of Ottoman battles in the 20th century
* For the battles during World War I see List of Ottoman battles in World War I

Ottoman victories are in italics.

45°23′30″N 27°03′40″E﻿ / ﻿45.3917°N 27.0611°E﻿ / 45.3917; 27.0611
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