Battles of Heraclea

The battles of Heraclea were a series of battles fought during the Crusade of 1101 between Crusaders led by William II, Count of Nevers and the Sultanate of Rum led by Kilij Arslan I. Both battles resulted in a Turkish victory.

Battles of Heraclea

Part of the Crusades
| Date| 1101

|

Location|

Konya

Result|

• First battle: Turkish victory[1][2]

• Second battle: Turkish victory[3][4]
Belligerents
Sultanate of Rum
Danishmend|

Kingdom of France

*     * Duchy of Burgundy
* County of Blois
* County of Nevers
* County of Vermandois
* Duchy of Aquitaine
* Holy Roman Empire
* Kingdom of Italy (Lombardy)
* Palatine County of Burgundy
* Duchy of Bavaria
* Margraviate of Austria

Commanders and leaders
Kilij Arslan I
Gazi Gümüshtigin|  William II, Count of Nevers
William IX, Duke of Aquitaine
Strength
20,000 or 25,000|  40,000-50,000, 40,000-60,000
Casualties and losses
Minimal|  Heavy

* v
* t
* e

Crusades

Ideology and institutions

* Crusading movement
* Military order (religious society)

In the Holy Land (1095-1291)

* First
* 1101
* Norwegian
* Venetian
* 1129
* Second
* Third
* 1197
* Fourth
* Fifth
* Sixth
* Barons'
* Seventh
* 1267
* Catalan
* Eighth
* Lord Edward's
* Fall of Outremer

Later Crusades (1291-1717)

* Crusades after Acre, 1291–1399
* Aragonese
* Smyrniote
* Alexandrian
* Savoyard
* Barbary
* 1390
* 1398
* 1399
* Nicopolis
* Varna
* Holy Leagues
* 1332
* 1495
* 1511
* 1526
* 1535
* 1538
* 1571
* 1594
* 1684
* 1717

Northern (1147-1410)

* Kalmar
* Wendish
* Swedish
* 1150
* 1249
* 1293
* Livonian
* Prussian
* Lithuanian
* Russian
* Tatar

Against Christians (1209-1588)

* Albigensian
* Drenther
* Stedinger
* Bosnian
* Bohemian
* Despenser's
* Hussite
* Spanish Armada

Popular (1096-1320)

* People's (1096)
* Children's
* Shepherds' (1251)
* Crusade of the Poor
* Shepherds' (1320)

Reconquista (722–1492) Crusade of Alfonso I of Aragon in Andalusia

* v
* t
* e

Seljuk–Crusader War
(1096–1190)

* Xerigordos
* Civetot
* Nicaea
* 1st Dorylaeum
* 1st Antioch
* Lake of Antioch
* 2nd Antioch
* Ma'arrat
* Melitene
* Crusade of 1101
* Heraclea
* Mersivan
* Tripoli
* Harran
* Artah
* Shaizar
* Al-Sannabra
* Sarmin
* Ager Sanguinis
* Hab
* Tyre
* Aleppo
* Azaz
* Marj al-Saffar
* 2nd Dorylaeum
* Ephesus
* Meander Valley
* Mount Cadmus
* Philomelion
* Iconium

* v
* t
* e

Crusades: battles in the Levant (1096–1303)

First Crusade

* Xerigordos
* Civetot
* Nicaea
* 1st Dorylaeum
* 1st Antioch
* Samosata
* 2nd Antioch
* Ma'arra
* Arqa
* 1st Jerusalem
* 1st Ascalon

Period post-First Crusade

* Arsuf
* Melitene
* Mersivan
* 1st Heraclea
* 2nd Heraclea
* 1st Ramla
* 2nd Ramla
* 1st Tripoli
* 1st Acre
* Harran
* 3rd Ramla
* Artah
* Beirut
* Sidon
* 1st Shaizar
* Al-Sannabra
* Sarmin
* Ager Sanguinis
* Hab
* Jaffa and Tyre
* Yibneh
* 1st Aleppo
* Azaz
* Marj al-Saffar
* al-Atharib
* Rafaniyya
* Antioch
* Qinnasrin
* Ba'rin
* 2nd Aleppo
* 2nd Shaizar
* Edessa 1144
* Edessa 1146
* Bosra

Second Crusade

* 1st Constantinople
* 2nd Dorylaeum
* Ephesus
* Meander Valley
* Mount Cadmus
* Damascus

Period post-Second Crusade

* Inab
* Aintab
* 2nd Ascalon
* Lake Huleh
* Butaiha
* al-Buqaia
* Harim
* 1st Bilbeis
* al-Babein
* 2nd Bilbeis
* 1st Damietta
* Ayla
* Alexandria
* Montgisard
* Hama
* Banias
* Marj Ayyun
* Jacob's Ford
* 2nd Acre
* Red Sea
* 1st Belvoir Castle
* Al-Fule
* 1st Kerak
* Cresson
* 2nd Kerak
* Hattin
* 2nd Jerusalem
* 3rd Tyre
* 2nd Belvoir Castle
* Laodicea
* Sahyun
* Al-Shughur
* Bourzey
* Safed

Third Crusade

* 3rd Acre
* Philomelion
* Iconium
* 1st Arsuf
* 1st Jaffa

Period post-Third Crusade

* 2nd Jaffa
* Toron

Fourth Crusade

* Zara
* 2nd Constantinople
* 3rd Constantinople

Fifth Crusade

* Mount Tabor
* Machghara
* 2nd Damietta
* 1st Fariskur
* 1st Mansurah

Sixth Crusade and aftermath

* Gaza
* 3rd Jerusalem
* Forbie
* 3rd Ascalon

Seventh Crusade

* 3rd Damietta
* 2nd Mansurah
* 2nd Fariskur

End of the Crusader states in the Levant

* 2nd Arsuf
* Caesarea
* Haifa
* Safed
* 2nd Antioch
* Eighth Crusade
* Krak des Chevaliers
* 2nd Tripoli
* Lord Edward's Crusade
* Homs
* Margat
* 3rd Tripoli
* 4th Acre
* Ruad

The French that constituted the second group of the Crusade of 1101, could also escape wrath of Sultan Kilij Arslan I. William II, Count of Nevers who arrived in Istanbul in June 1101, moved fast to Ankara and then he moved to Konya the army suffered on the way Turkish raids. When they arrived the army were terrified by Turks, Kilij Arslan I attacked them which ended in a Turkish victory.[5][6][7]

The French and German that headed east under the command of William II, Count of Nevers arrived at Istanbul early June 1101, where they headed Konya through Nicomedia-Nicaea entering Seljuk lands near Aksehir. As Kilij Arslan had heard of their marching long time ago, they evacuated cities, including Konya and destroyed the field and water sources. Kilij Arslan and Gazi Gümüshtigin waited for them to get weaker and weaker, they saw the Crusaders running to a river, Kilij Arslan attacked them and it ended in a Turkish victory.[8]

## References

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### Citations

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1. ^ Jaspert, Nikolas (2006), The Crusades, Londra: Routledge ISBN 0-415-35968-6 say. 42
2. ^ Runciman, Steven (1987). A history of the Crusades, vol. 2: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 052134770X. OCLC 17461930.
3. ^ Cate, James Lea (1969). "The Crusade of 1101". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Baldwin, Marshall W. (eds.). A History of the Crusades: I. The First Hundred Years. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 343–352.
4. ^ Savvides, Alexios G. C. (2006). "Qilij Arslān of Rûm (d. 1107)". In The Crusades - An Encyclopedia. p. 998.
5. ^ Guillaume de Tyr, I, s.327-328
6. ^ Foucher de Chartres, s.132-134
7. ^ Albert d'Aix, s.32-35
8. ^ Albertus Aquensis, Liber Christiane Expeditionis pro Ereptione et Restitutione Sanctae Hierosolymitanae Ecclesiae, RHC. occ, IV, VIII, 1 et seq, p. 559 et seq.

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