Biblical names in their native languages

This table is a list of names in the Bible in their native languages. This table is only in its beginning stages. There are thousands of names in the Bible. It will take the work of many Wikipedia users to make this table complete.

Biblical names in their native languages English Name  | Type

Proper Noun  | Start
Year
(approximate)  | End
Year
(approximate)  | Native Language Name  | Name in other relevant languages

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Abel
(son of Adam & Eve)  | Person  | 3897 BC | 3825 BC | Adamic language unknown  | Proto-Indo-European: Ablos[1]

Hebrew: הבל
Hével
Abraham
(son of Terah & Amathlai)  | Person  | 2056 BC | 1881 BC | Abram:
Akkadian: ¿ 𒀀𒁍 𒊏𒈬 ?
Abu-ramu | Abram:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤁𐤓𐤌[2]
Transliteration: Abaram[2]

Abraham:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤁𐤓𐤄𐤌[2]
Transliteration: Abaraham[2]

Hebrew: אברהם
Hebrew with vowels: אַבְרָהָם
Transliteration: Avrahám
Adam
(first human being to exist)

Adam is an ancestor of all humanity.  | Person  | 4004 BC | 3074 BC | Adamic language unknown  | Proto-Indo-European: Atta[1]

Hebrew: אדם
Adám
Andrew of Bethsaida
(Son of Jonah & Joanna)
An apostle of Jesus  | Person  | AD 5 | AD 65 | Andrew
Koinē Greek: Ἀνδρέας
Transliteration: Awn-dray-yiss

Andrew of Bethsaida
Greek: Ανδρέας της Βηθσαΐδας
Transliteration: Awn-dray-yiss teese Veeth-sie-doss  |
Ark of the Covenant | Artifact  | 1311 BC |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew:¿ 𐤀𐤓𐤅𐤍𐤄𐤁𐤓𐤉𐤕 ?
Transliteration: ¿ Aw-goan Haw-bweet ?

Hebrew: ארון הברית
Aw-goan Haw-bweet
Azura
(daughter of Adam & Eve)

Azura is an ancestor of all humanity.  | Person  |  |  |  | Hebrew: עצורה
At-soo-wah
Babel | Village  |  |  | Adamic language unknown  | Proto-Indo-European: Bhalbhal[1]

Babylonia | Nation  | 1894 BC | 539 BC | Akkadian: 𒆳𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠
māt Akkadī
Meaning: The Country of Akkad  |
Belshazzar
(Son of Nabonidus)
(King of Babylonia)  | Person  | 585 BC | 539 BC | Babylonian cuneiform:
Transliteration: Bēl-šar-uṣur
Meaning: Bel, protect the king  |
Bethel
(Beth El)  | Village  |  |  |  | Hebrew: בֵּית אֵל
Beit El
Possible Meanings: House of God, House of (the Canaanite god of) El
Bethlehem / Ephrata
(Beth Lehem)

(This is the biblical birthplace of Jesus Christ. However some scholars believe he was born in Nazareth. See the main article for more information.)  | Village  | 1400 BC |  | Village name during the Canaanite Period (before 930 BC):

Akkadian:¿ 𒂍 𒆷𒈪 ?
Bit-Laḫmi[3]
Meaning: House of Lahmu and Lahamu (two agricultural deities of the Mesopotamian religion)[4]

Ephrata (fruitful):
¿ Phoenician: 𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤋𐤄𐤌𐤀 ?
Bayt Law-kha-maw[5][6]
Meaning: House of Lachama[5][6]
(Lachama was the Canaanite goddess of fertility)[6]

Village name during the kingdoms of Israel, Judah until the Siege of Jerusalem (930 BC to 587 BC):

Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤋𐤄𐤌[7]
Transliteration: Bayawt Law-hawm
Meaning: House of Bread

Village name from 587 BC through the time of Christ:

Aramaic: בית לחמא
Aramaic with vowels: בֵּית לַחְמָא
Transliteration: Bayt Lawkh-maw
Meaning: House of Bread  | Ephrata:
Hebrew: אֶפְרָתָה
If-frawt-tuh[8]
Meaning: Fruitful

Biblical Hebrew: בית לחם
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: בֵּית לָחֶם
Beth Lehem
Meaning: House of Bread
Beth Shemesh
| Village  |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤔𐤌𐤔
Transliteration: Bayawt Shamawsh
Meaning: House of Sun  | Hebrew: בית שמש
Transliteration: Beyt Shemésh
Meaning: House of Sun
Caesar, Augustus
(son of Gaius Octavius & Atia)  | Person  | 63 BC | AD 14 | Latin: Avgvstvs Caesar
Ow-goos-toos Kie-zar |
Canaan | Nation  |  |  | Phoenician: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍
KNʿN

Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤊𐤍𐤏𐤍
Transliteration: K-naw-un  | Hebrew: כנען
Transliteration: K-naw-un
Caiaphas, Joseph ben | Person  | 14 BC | AD 46 | Hebrew: יהוסף בר קַיָפָא
Yeh-hoo-siff bar Kie-yuh-fuh |
Cain
(son of Adam & Eve)  | Person  |  |  | Adamic language unknown  | Proto-Indo-European: Qʷoinos[1]

Hebrew: קין
Káyin
David
(Son of Jesse & Nitzevet bat Adael)  | Person  | 1035 BC | 970 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤃𐤅𐤃
Transliteration: Daw-weed
Meaning: Beloved One  | Moabite: 𐤃𐤅𐤃
Transliteration: Daw-weed
Meaning: Beloved One

Biblical Hebrew: דוד
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: דָּוִד
Dāwīḏ
Meaning: Beloved One
David, House of
(the linage of David)  |  | 1035 BC | 970 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: ‎‎𐤁𐤉𐤕𐤃𐤅𐤃
Transliteration: Bayt Daw-weed  | Hebrew: בית דוד‎
Hebrew with vowels: בֵּית דָּוִד
Transliteration: Bayt Daveed
Earth | Planet  | 4004 BC
(according to creation dating)

4,540,000,000 BC
(according to mainstream science)  |  |  | Proto-Indo-European: Dheĝhōm[1]

Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤃𐤌𐤄‎‎‎[2]
Transliteration: Adamah[2]

Hebrew: אדמה
Adamah
Egypt, Nation of | Nation  | 3150 BC | 30 BC | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

|
|

Transliteration: Kemet
Meaning: Black Land  Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤌𐤑𐤓𐤉𐤌
Transliteration: Matsarayam

Hebrew: מצרים
Transliteration: Mizraim
Egypt, Province of
(Province of the Roman Republic from 30 to 27 BC,
Province of the Roman Empire from 27 BC - AD 641)  | Province  | 30 BC | AD 641 | Egypt:
Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

|
|

Kemet
Meaning: Black Land  Egypt:
Latin: Aegyptvs
I-goop-toos

Egypt:
Hebrew: מצרים
Mizraim

Egyptian Province:
Latin: Provincia Aegypti
Pro-wink-kee-ya I-goop-tee
Elhanan

(son of Jaare-oregim)
(possible person who killed Goliath rather than David)  | Person  |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤋𐤇𐤍𐤍‎‎‎
¿ Ill-khawn-nawn ?  | Hebrew: אלחנן
Hebrew with vowels: אֶלְחָנָן
Ill-khawn-nawn
Eve
(first female human being to exist)

Eve is an ancestor of all humanity.  | Person  | 4004 BC |  | Adamic language unknown  | Proto-Indo-European: Hava[1]

Hebrew: חוה
Khavá
Ezekiel
(son of Buzi)  | Person  | 622 BC | 570 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤇𐤆𐤒𐤀𐤋
Transliteration: Yekh-khez-kell
Meaning: Strength of God  | Hebrew: יחזקאל
Transliteration: Yekh-khez-kell
Meaning: Strength of God
God |  |  |  |  | God:
Proto-Indo-European: Deivós[1]

God:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌
Transliteration: Aw-la-hi-yum

God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤀𐤁𐤓𐤄𐤌𐤉𐤑𐤇𐤒𐤅𐤉𐤏𐤒𐤁
Transliteration: Aw-la-hi Abaraham Yawt-sawk-hawk vay-Yaw-aw-kawb

My Lord:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤀𐤃𐤅𐤍
Transliteration: Adawan

God's personal name:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤄
Transliteration: Ya-how-wa
Meaning: To Be

God:
Hebrew: אלהים
Hebrew with vowels: אֱלֹהִים
Transliteration: Ello-heem

God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob:
Hebrew: אלהי אברהם יצחק ויעקב
Alla-hee Awv-raw-hawm Eets-sawk vay-Yaw-aw-koav

My Lord:
Hebrew: אדוני
Hebrew with vowels: אֲדֹנֵי־
Transliteration: Aw-doe-nye

God's personal name:
Hebrew: יהוה
Transliteration: Ya-how-wa
Meaning: To Be
Hammurabi | Person  | 1810 BC | 1750 BC | Akkadian: 𒄩𒄠𒈬𒊏𒁉
Ḫâmmurapi |
Heaven | Place of Afterlife  |  |  |  | Proto-Indo-European: Nébʰos

Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤌𐤉𐤌
Transliteration: Shamáyim

Hebrew: שמים
Shamáyim
Hell | Place of Afterlife  |  |  |  | Hebrew: גיהנום
Gehinóm
Holy Spirit / Holy Ghost / Spirit of God  |  |  |  |  | Spirit of God:
Paleo-Hebrew:
¿ 𐤓𐤅𐤇𐤀𐤋𐤄𐤉𐤌 ?
Transliteration:
¿ R̃oo-awkh Ello-heem ?

Holy Spirit:
Paleo-Hebrew:
¿ 𐤓𐤅𐤇𐤄𐤒𐤃𐤔‎‎‎‎ ?
Transliteration:
¿ R̃oo-awkh Haw-koe-desh ?

Spirit of God:
Hebrew: רוח אלוהים
Transliteration:
Aw-la-hi-yum Ello-heem

Holy Spirit:
Hebrew: רוח הקדש
Hebrew with vowels:
רוּחַ הַקֹּדֶשׁ
Transliteration:
R̃oo-awkh Haw-koe-desh
Isaac
(son of Abraham & Sarah)  | Person  | 1896 BC | 1716 BC |  | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤑𐤇𐤒
Transliteration: Yawt-sawk-hawk

Hebrew: יצחק
Transliteration: Yiskhawk
Isaiah
(son of Amoz)  | Person  | 770 BC | 715 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤔𐤏𐤉𐤄𐤅‎‎
Yasha-yahoo
Meaning: Ya-how-wa is Salvation  | Hebrew: ישעיהו
Hebrew with vowels: יְשַׁעְיָהוּ
Yesha-yahoo
Meaning: Ya-how-wa is Salvation
Israel, Kingdom of

See: Kingdom of Israel between 1047 and 930 BC

See: Kingdom of Israel between 930 and 720 BC (a.k.a. Kingdom of Samaria)
(after the loss of the southern part due to the formation of the Kingdom of Judah)  | Nation  | 1047 BC | 720 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋[2]
Transliteration: Yasharaal[2] | Hebrew: ישראל
Hebrew with vowels: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Yisra'él

Moabite: 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋
Transliteration: Yšrʾl
Jacob
(son of Isaac & Rebecca)  | Person  | 1836 BC | 1689 BC |  | Jacob (birth name):
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤏𐤒𐤁
Transliteration: Yaw-aw-kawb

Israel (later name given by God):
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤔𐤓𐤀𐤋[2]
Transliteration: Yasharaal[2]

Jacob (birth name):
Hebrew: יעקב
Hebrew with vowels: יַעֲקֹב
Yaw-aw-kove

Israel (later name given by God):
Hebrew: ישראל
Hebrew with vowels: יִשְׂרָאֵל
Yisra'él
Jacob of Nazareth
(a.k.a. James)
(brother of Jesus)
(son of Mary & Joseph)  | Person  | AD 1 | AD 66 | Jacob:
Aramaic: יעקוב
Transliteration: Yaw-aw-kove

Jacob of Nazareth:
Aramaic: יעקוב נצריא
Transliteration: Yaw-aw-kove Nawsh-rie-ya  | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤏𐤒𐤁
Transliteration: Yaw-aw-kawb

Hebrew: יעקב
Hebrew with vowels: יַעֲקֹב
Ya'akóv
Jericho | Village  | After 2348 BC
(according to creation dating)

9000 BC
(according to mainstream science)  | 1400 BC | Ugaritic: 𐎊𐎗𐎃
Yar-ree-kho | Persian: اریحا
Arihâ

Hebrew: יריחו
Hebrew with vowels: יְרִיחוֹ
Yeer-ree-kho
Jerusalem | City  | 3000 BC |  | Jebus:
Phoenician: ¿ 𐤉𐤁𐤅𐤎‎ ?
Transliteration: ¿ Yevoose ?

Jerusalem:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤓𐤅𐤔𐤋𐤉𐤌
Transliteration: Yerushalayim

Jerusalem:
Hebrew: ירושלים
Transliteration: Yerushalayim  | Classical Syriac: ܒܶܝܬ ܩܕܶܫ
Transliteration: Yerushalem
Jesus of Nazareth

Son of God

Earthly Parents:
Joseph & Mary | Person  | 4 BC | AD 30 | Jesus:
Aramaic: ישוע
Aramaic with vowels:
יֵשׁוּע
Transliteration: Yeshu, Yayshu
Meaning: Ya-how-wa is Salvation

Jesus of Nazareth
Aramaic: ישוע נצריא
Aramaic with vowels:
יֵשׁוּע נָצרָיָא
Transliteration: Yeshu Nawsh-rie-ya / Yayshu Nawsh-rie-ya

Jesus Christ / Jesus the Messiah
Aramaic: ישוע משיחא
Aramaic with vowels:
יֵשׁוּע משִׁיחָא
Transliteration: Yeshu Mesheekhaw / Yayshu Mesheekhaw  | Jesus:
Hebrew: ישוע
Transliteration: Yeshúa'
Meaning: Ya-how-wa is Salvation

Jesus of Nazareth:
Hebrew: ישוע מנצרת
Transliteration: Yeshúa' Minatzrat

Jesus Christ/Messiah:
Hebrew: ישו המשיח
Transliteration: Yeshu Haw-maw-shee-yawkh

Emanuel
Hebrew: עמנואל
Transliteration: 'Imanu'éll
John
(John the Baptist)  | Person  | 3 BC | AD 30 |  | Hebrew: יוחנן
Hebrew with vowels: יוֹחָנָן
Yo-khawn-nawn
Joshua
(son of Nun)  | Person  | 1355 BC | 1245 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤔𐤅𐤏‎‎[2]
Transliteration: Yaw-oo-shaw-oo-eh
Meaning: Ya-how-wa is Salvation  | Hebrew: יהושע
Hebrew with vowels: יְהוֹשֻׁעַ
Transliteration: Yeh-hoe-shoo-wuh
Meaning: Ya-how-wa is Salvation

Hebrew: יהושע בן נון
Yeh-hoe-shoo-wuh Beene Noon
Joseph of Nazareth
(Jesus's legal father)  | Person  | 30 BC | AD 20 | Aramaic: יוסף‎
Transliteration: ¿ Yo-seff ?  | Hebrew: יוסף‎
Transliteration: Yo-seff
Judah
(son of Jacob & Leah)  | Person  | 1600 BC |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄‎‎‎‎
Transliteration: Ya-how-wa-da

Hebrew: יהודה
Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Judah, Kingdom of
(named after Judah, the son of Jacob and Leah)  | Nation  | 930 BC | 586 BC | Judah:
Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤄𐤅𐤃𐤄‎‎
Transliteration: Ya-how-wa-da  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Judah Maccabee
(son of Mattathias ben Johanan)  | Person  | 190 BC | 160 BC | Judah:
Hebrew: יהודה
Yehudaw

Judah Maccabee:
Hebrew: יהודה המכבי
Yehudaw Haw-maw-kub-bee |
Jude, Province of
(province within Babylonia, former Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 586 BC | 539 BC | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Jude, Province of
(province within Achaemenid Empire, former Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 539 BC | 332 BC | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Jude, Province of
(province within Coele-Syria, former Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 332 BC | 64 BC | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Jude, Province of
(province within Hasmonean dynasty, former Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 64 BC | 37 BC | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Jude, Province of
(province within Herodian Kingdom, former Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 37 BC | 6 BC | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Jude, Province of
(province within the Roman Empire, former Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 6 BC | AD 135 | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Biblical Hebrew: יהודה
Biblical Hebrew with vowels: יְהוּדָה
Yehudaw
Jude of Galilee
(apostle of Jesus)  | Person  | AD 1 | AD 65 | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Hebrew: יהודה
Yehudaw
Jude of Kerioth
(a.k.a. Judas)

(an apostle of Jesus who later betrayed him)  | Person  | 3 BC | AD 33 | Jude:
Aramaic: יהוד
Transliteration: Yehud  | Judah:
Hebrew: יהודה
Yehudaw

Judah of Kerioth:
Hebrew: יהודה איש קריות
Yehudaw Ish-kie-yote
Lot | Person  |  |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew: ¿ 𐤋𐤅𐤈‎ ?
Transliteration: ¿ Lote ?

Hebrew: לוֹט
Lote
Lot's wife

Ado / Edith
(according to some traditions)  | Person  |  |  |  | Hebrew: עירית
(according to some traditions)
Hebrew with vowels: עִירִית
Ee-reet
Lucifer

One of the names for the Planet Venus / The Morning Star.[9]

This name was chosen in the King James translation of the bible. The morning star was used as a metaphor in Isaiah 14:12. It refers to King Nebuchadnezzar II having great power like the morning star, and then later falling from the sky due to his wickedness.[9]

"How art thou fallen from heaven [the sky], O Lucifer [Venus], son of the morning! how art thou cut down to the ground, which didst weaken the nations!"
Isaiah 14:12, King James Version

Confusion over this verse has led to the misconception that Lucifer is the devil.[9] | Planet  | 4004 BC
(according to creation dating)

4,500,000,000 BC
(according to mainstream science)  |  | Akkadian: 𒀭𒀹𒁯
Ishtar

(Ishtar is the actual name that King Nebuchadnezzar II would have known the Planet Venus by)

(see other spellings of Ishtar)  | Hebrew: הֵילֵל[10]
Helel[10]

Latin: Lvcifero
Loo-kee-furro
Luke
(Luke the Evangelist)  | Person  | AD 1 | AD 84 | Aramaic: לוקא
Transliteration: Luka  |
Mary of Nazareth
(daughter of Joachim & Anne)

(Mother of Jesus)  | Person  | 25 BC | AD 75 | Aramaic: מרים
Transliteration: Maryam

Aramaic: מרים נצריא
Transliteration: Maryam Nawsh-rie-ya  | Hebrew: מרים
Transliteration: Meer-ee-yum
Mary of Magdala
(friend of Jesus)  | Person  | AD 3 | AD 63 | Aramaic: מרים
Transliteration: Maryám  | Hebrew: מרים
Meer-ee-yum

Hebrew: מרים המגדלית
Transliteration: Meer-ee-yum Haw-meeg-dall-leet
Matthew
(apostle of Jesus)  | Person  | 5 BC | AD 34 |  | Hebrew: מתתיהו
Hebrew with vowels: מַתִּתְיָהוּ
Maw-tee-tee-yaw-hoo
Methuselah
(son of Enoch)  | Person  | 3074 BC | 2105 BC | Adamic language unknown  | Hebrew: מתושלח
M'tušelaḥ
Moses
(son of Amram & Jochebed)  | Person  | 1391 BC | 1271 BC | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

|
|

[11]
Transliteration: Mo-seh[12]
Meaning: Is Born[12] Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤌𐤔𐤄
Transliteration: Mo-sheh

Hebrew: משה
Transliteration: Mo-sheh
Nathan
(prophet)  | Person  | 1000 BC |  | Paleo-Hebrew: ¿ 𐤍𐤕𐤍 ?
Transliteration: ¿ Nut-tunn ?  | Hebrew: נתן
Hebrew with vowels: נָתָן
Translation: Nut-tunn
Nazareth
(This is the village that Jesus grew up in. Although Bethlehem is the biblical birthplace of Jesus, some scholars believe that Jesus was born in Nazareth.)  | Village  | 2200 BC |  | Aramaic: נצרת
Naw-saw-reth | Hebrew: נצרת
Natsrát or Natséret
Nebuchadnezzar II
(son of Nabopolassar)

(King of Babylonia)  | Person  | 642 BC | 562 BC | Akkadian:
Nabû-kudurri-uṣur
Meaning: Nabu protect my boundary/heir

Akkadian: 𒀭𒀝𒃻𒁺𒋀
Nabû-kudurrī-uṣur
Meaning: Nabu protect my boundary/heir  | Hebrew: נבוכדנאצר
N'vukhadnetsár
Nefertari Meritmut
(wife of Pharaoh Ramesses II)  | Person  | 1301 BC | 1255 BC | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

|
|

Nefertari

Ancient Egyptian:  |  | | |

|
|
|
|

Nefertari Meritmut
Noah | Person  | 2948 BC
(according to creation dating)

7400 BC
(based on the Black Sea Deluge Hypothesis)  | 1998 BC
(according to creation dating)

6450 BC
(based on the Black Sea Deluge Hypothesis)  | Adamic language unknown  | Proto-Indo-European:Nah²u[1]

Hebrew: נח
Nóakh
Paul of Tarsus | Person  | AD 5 | AD 65 | Paul:
Greek: Παύλος
Pávlos

Paul of Tarsus:
Greek: Ο Παύλος του Ταρσού
O Pávlos tou Tarsoú | Saul:
Aramaic: שאול
Aramaic with vowels: שָׁאוּל
Transliteration: Shaw-oo-luh

Saul:
Hebrew: שאול
Hebrew with vowels: שָׁאוּל
Transliteration: Shaw-oo-luh
Pilate, Pontius
(Pontius Pilate was the governor of the Roman province of Judaea. He gave the order to crucify Jesus.)  | Person  | 20 BC | AD 36 | Latin: Pontivs Pilatvs
Pone-tee-oos Pee-law-toos | Hebrew: פונטיוס פילאטוס
Pone-tee-oos Pee-law-toos
Quirinius, Publius Sulpicius

Publius Quirinius was governor of the Roman province of Syria. He created the Roman province of Judaea, and conducted the Census of Quirinius in AD 6.

The census was the reason that Joseph and Mary came to Bethlehem, Judaea for Jesus's birth. This contradicts Jesus being born during the time of King Herod I who died in 4 BC.  | Person  | 51 BC | AD 21 | Latin: Pvblivs Svlpicivs Qvirinivs
Poob-blee-oos Sul-pee-kee-oos Kweer-reen-nee-oos |
Ramesses I
(son of Seti)

Pharaoh of Egypt  | Person  | 1345 BC | 1294 BC | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

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Ra-mes-su
Ramesses II
(son of Menmaatre Seti I & Tuya)

Pharaoh of Egypt  | Person  | 1303 BC | 1213 BC | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

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Ra-mes-su
Roman Empire

See: The Roman Empire between 27 BC and AD 395

See: The western part of the Roman Empire between AD 395 and 476

See: The eastern part of the Roman Empire between AD 395 and 476

See: The Roman Empire between AD 476 and 1453
(after the loss of the western part)  | Nation  | 27 BC | AD 1453 | Roman Empire:
Latin: Imperivm Romanvm
Eem-pare-ee-oom Ro-muh-noom

Rome (short name):
Latin: Roma
Roma | Roman Empire:
Hebrew: האימפריה הרומית
Haw-im-pare-ree-ya Haw-go-meet

Rome (short name):
Hebrew: רומא
Roma
Roman Kingdom | Nation  | 753 BC | 509 BC | Roman Kingdom:
Latin: Regnvm Romanvm
Rayg-noom Ro-muh-noom

Rome (short name):
Latin: Roma
Roma | Roman Kingdom:
Hebrew: המלוכה הרומית
Haw-mawm-la-haw haw-go-meet

Rome (short name):
Hebrew: רומא
Roma
Roman Republic | Nation  | 509 BC | 27 BC | Roman Republic:
Latin: Res pvblica Romana
Res poob-lee-ka Ro-muh-na

Rome (short name):
Latin: Roma
Roma | Roman Republic:
Hebrew: הרפובליקה הרומית
Haw-re-poob-lee-kuh haw-go-meet

Rome (short name):
Hebrew: רומא
Roma
Salt Sea
(biblical name for the Dead Sea)  | Sea  |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤉𐤌𐤄𐤌𐤋𐤇‎‎
Transliteration: ¿ Yawm Haw-may-lawkh ?
Meaning: Sea of Salt

Hebrew Language: ים המלח
Hebrew with vowels: יַם הַמֶּלַח
Transliteration: Yawm Haw-may-lawkh
Meaning: Sea of Salt  |
Samaria, City of

(City within the Kingdom of Israel, later became a city within the Province of Samaria, part of Assyria)  | Province  | 880 BC |  | Paleo-Hebrew: ¿ 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍‎ ?
Transliteration: ¿ Shome-wone ?  | Akkadian: 𒊓𒈨𒊑𒈾
Transliteration: Samerina

Hebrew: שמרון
Transliteration: שֹׁמְרוֹן
Shome-wone
Samaria, Province of
a.k.a Samerina

(Province in Assyria, former Kingdom of Israel, excludes Kingdom of Judah)  | Province  | 722 BC |  | Paleo-Hebrew: ¿ 𐤔𐤌𐤓𐤅𐤍‎ ?
Transliteration: ¿ Shome-wone ?  | Akkadian: 𒊓𒈨𒊑𒈾
Transliteration: Samerina

Hebrew: שמרון
Transliteration: שֹׁמְרוֹן
Shome-wone
Samson
(son of Manoah)  | Person  | 1154 BC | 1124 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤌𐤔𐤅𐤍
Transliteration: Shaw-ma-shie-yun  |

Hebrew: שמשון
Hebrew with vowels: שִׁמְשׁוֹן
Sheem Shone
Samuel
(Son of Elkanah & Hannah)  | Person  | 1070 | 1012 | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤌𐤅𐤀𐤋
Shaw-maw-yaw-ul  |
Sarah
(daughter of Terah)

Wife of Abraham | Person  |  |  |  | Paleo-Hebrew alphabet: 𐤔𐤓𐤄
Transliteration: Sharah

Hebrew: שרה
Transliteration: Sará
Satan |  |  |  |  | Hebrew: שטן
Hebrew with vowels: שָׂטָן
Suh-tan
Seth
(son of Adam & Eve)

Seth is an ancestor of all humanity  | Person  |  |  | Adamic language unknown  | Hebrew: שת
Shet
Seti
(father of Pharaoh Ramesses I)  | Person  |  |  | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

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[13]
Sethi
Simon of Cana

Apostle of Jesus  | Person  |  | AD 65 | Simon:
Aramaic: שמעון
Transliteration: Sheem-own  |
Simon Ben Jonah
a.k.a. Peter

Apostle of Jesus  | Person  | AD 1 | AD 66 | Simon:
Aramaic: שמעון
Transliteration: Sheem-own

Simon Ben Jonah:
Aramaic:
שמעון בר יונה
Sheem-own Ball Yonaw

Peter:
Aramaic: כיפא
Aramaic with vowels: כֵּיפָא
Transliteration: Keifa
Meaning: Rock/Stone  | Hebrew:
שמעון בר יונה[14]
Transliteration:
Sheem-own Ball Yonaw
Sinai Peninsula | Region  |  |  | Ancient Egyptian: |  | | |

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Biau
Meaning: The Mining Country

Ancient Egyptian:  |
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| |

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Khetiu Mafkat
Meaning: The Ladders of Turquoise  Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤎𐤉𐤍𐤉‎
Transliteration: ¿ See-nie ?

Hebrew: סיני
Transliteration: See-nie
Sinim
(biblical name of Qin, a state of Zhou)  | State  | 897 BC | 207 BC | Old Chinese (Bronze inscriptions):
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]i[n]/
(Zhengzhang): /*zin/  | Hebrew: סינים
See-neem
Solomon
(son of David & Bathsheba)  | Person  | 990 BC | 931 BC | Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤋𐤌𐤄[2]
Transliteration: Shalamah[2]
Meaning: Peace  | Hebrew: שלמה
Transliteration: Shlomo
Meaning: Peace
Sumer | Nation  | After 2348 BC
(according to creation dating)

5500 BC
(according to mainstream science)  | 1800 BC | Akkadian: 𒋗𒈨𒊒
Shoo-mer-roo |
Sun | Star  | 4004 BC
(according to creation dating)

4,600,000,000 BC
(according to mainstream science)  |  |  | Proto Indo European: saH-v-L, saH-v-N, sāvel-yo,[1] sóh₂wl̥

Paleo-Hebrew: 𐤔𐤌𐤔
Transliteration: Shamash

Hebrew: שמש
Transliteration: Shémesh
Ten Commandments |  | 1311 BC |  | Paleo-Hebrew: ¿ 𐤏𐤔𐤓𐤕𐤄𐤃𐤉𐤁𐤓𐤅𐤕‎‎‎ ?
¿ A-sair-ret Had-dee-boat ?  | Hebrew: עשרת הדיברות
Hebrew with vowels: עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת
A-sair-ret Had-dee-boat
Timothy of Ephesus |  | AD 30 | AD 97 | Greek: Τιμόθεος
Transliteration: Tee-moe-thay-ose  |
Ur (of the Chaldees)  | City  | After 2348 BC
(according to creation dating)

3800 BC
(according to mainstream science)  | After 500 BC | Akkadian: 𒋀𒀕𒆠
urim₂ki /⁠Urim⁠/, “Ur” | Hebrew: אור
'Ur

## See also

[edit]

* Al-Sarkha (Bakhah), Jubb'adin, and Maaloula \- the three remaining Syrian villages that still speak Western Aramaic
* Aramaic alphabet
* Babylonian Exile
* Bible translations
* Ketef Hinnom scrolls, the oldest surviving scrolls of the bible
* List of biblical names
* List of cuneiform signs
* List of Egyptian hieroglyphs
* Peshitta, a Syriac translation of the bible
* Proto-Canaanite alphabet
* Pharaohs in the Bible
* Second Temple period

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Before Babel: Ancient Tales from Genesis Retold in Reconstructed Proto-Indo-European https://hal.science/hal-01231610/document
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Paleohebrewdictionary.org https://www.paleohebrewdictionary.org/
3. ^ "Oxford Archeological Guides: The Holy Land", Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, pp. 198–199, Oxford University Press, 1998, ISBN 978-0-19-288013-0
4. ^ Online Etymology Dictionary - Bethlehem https://www.etymonline.com/word/Bethlehem
5. ^ a b Tomlinson Run Church of Christ - The Little Town of Bethlehem (Powerpoint Presentation) https://archive.trchurchofchrist.com/sermons/powerpoint/edification_2014/The Little Town of Bethlehem PP.pdf
6. ^ a b c Pre Jewish Canaanite Religion has Vedic Gods & Names https://www.booksfact.com/religions/pre-jewish-canaanite-religion-vedic-gods-names.html
7. ^ Ancient Bethlehem seal unearthed in Jerusalem https://phys.org/news/2012-05-ancient-bethlehem-unearthed-jerusalem.html
8. ^ Bethlehem - Messiah's birthplace: A detailed look at Micah 5:1-2 and some objections that skeptics have http://www.aboutbibleprophecy.com/bethlehem.htm
9. ^ a b c The Lucifer Myth https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Lucifer_Myth.pdf
10. ^ a b Strong's Hebrew: 1966. הֵילֵל (helel) -- a shining one https://biblehub.com/hebrew/1966.htm
11. ^ Moses Name in Hyroglyphics https://www.biblehistory.net/newsletter/Moses.htm
12. ^ a b Encyclopedia Brittanica - Moses Hebrew Prophet https://www.britannica.com/biography/Moses-Hebrew-prophet
13. ^ Seti I in hieroglyphics https://pharaoh.se/pharaoh/Seti-I
14. ^ CONA Iconography Record - Peter https://www.getty.edu/cona/CONAIconographyRecord.aspx?iconid=901000056