Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified

Medical condition

Bipolar disorder NOS

Specialty| Psychiatry

Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BD-NOS) is a diagnosis for bipolar disorder (BD) when it does not fall within the other established sub-types. Bipolar disorder NOS is sometimes referred to as subthreshold bipolar disorder.[1]

## Classification

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BD-NOS is a mood disorder and one of four subtypes on the bipolar spectrum, which also includes bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and cyclothymia.[1] BD-NOS was a classification in the DSM-IV and has since been changed to Bipolar "Other Specified" and "Unspecified" in the 2013 released DSM-5 (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). BD-NOS is a disorder which creates intense mood instability which causes bouts of depression, hypomania, and mania, and occasionally mood stability.

## Diagnosis

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Bipolar disorder is difficult to diagnose.[2] If a person displays some symptoms of bipolar disorder but not others, the clinician may diagnose bipolar NOS. The diagnosis of bipolar NOS is indicated when there is a rapid change (days) between manic and depressive symptoms and can also include recurring episodes of hypomania. Bipolar NOS may be diagnosed when it is difficult to tell whether bipolar is the primary disorder due to another general medical condition, such as a substance use disorder. A diagnosis of this condition can be challenging and is often imprecise.[3][4]

## Treatment

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Individual approaches to treatment are recommended, usually involving a combination of mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics.[5] Psychotherapy may be beneficial and should be started early.[5]

## Epidemiology

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The prevalence of BD-NOS is 1.4%.[1]

## See also

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* Psychiatry portal
* Psychology portal
* Medicine portal

* Bipolar disorder
* Bipolar I disorder
* Bipolar II disorder
* Cyclothymia
* International Society for Bipolar Disorders
* Outline of bipolar disorder
* Bipolar disorders research
* Borderline personality disorder
* Emotional dysregulation
* List of people with bipolar disorder
* Mood (psychology)
* Mood swing
* Ultradian bipolar disorder

## References

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1. ^ a b c "International impact of bipolar disorder highlights need for recognition and better treatment availability". March 7, 2011. Archived from the original on April 26, 2012. Retrieved April 25, 2012.
2. ^ Leboyer M, Kupfer DJ (December 2010). "Bipolar disorder: new perspectives in health care and prevention". J Clin Psychiatry. 71 (12): 1689–95\. doi:10.4088/JCP.10m06347yel. PMC 3317891. PMID 21190640.
3. ^ "Unspecified bipolar disorder: Definition, Symptoms, and Treatment". www.medicalnewstoday.com. 2023-05-19. Retrieved 2023-10-26.
4. ^ Towbin, Kenneth; Axelson, David; Leibenluft, Ellen; Birmaher, Boris (May 2013). "Differentiating Bipolar Disorder–Not Otherwise Specified and Severe Mood Dysregulation". Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 52 (5): 466–481\. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.02.006. ISSN 0890-8567. PMC 3697010. PMID 23622848.
5. ^ a b Filaković P, Erić AP, Požgain I (September 2011). "New strategies in the treatment of bipolar disorder" (PDF). Psychiatr Danube. 23 (3): 293–9\. PMID 21963700.

## External links

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Classification|

* ICD-10: f31.9
* ICD-9-CM: 296.8

|

* v
* t
* e

Mood disorder

Spectrum|

| Bipolar disorder|

* Bipolar I
* Bipolar II
* Cyclothymia
* Bipolar NOS
* Childhood
* Hypomania
* Mania
* Mixed affective state
* Rapid cycling

|

Depression|

* Major depressive disorder
* Dysthymia
* Seasonal affective disorder
* Atypical depression
* Melancholic depression
* Major depressive episode
* Depression in childhood and adolescence

Comorbidities|

* Schizoaffective disorder

Symptoms|

* Delusion
* Depression (differential diagnoses)
* Emotional dysregulation
* Anhedonia
* Dysphoria
* Suicidal ideation
* Episodic memory
* Hallucination
* Mood swing
* Sleep disorder
* Hypersomnia
* Insomnia
* Psychosis
* Psychotic depression
* Racing thoughts
* Reduced affect display

Diagnosis|

* Bipolar Spectrum Diagnostic Scale
* Child Mania Rating Scale
* General Behavior Inventory
* Hypomania Checklist
* Mood Disorder Questionnaire
* Rating scales for depression
* Young Mania Rating Scale

Treatment|

| Anticonvulsants|

* Carbamazepine
* Lamotrigine
* Oxcarbazepine
* Valproate
* Sodium valproate
* Valproate semisodium

|

Sympathomimetics,
SSRIs and similar|

* Bupropion
* Dextroamphetamine
* Escitalopram
* Fluoxetine
* Methylphenidate
* Sertraline

Other mood stabilizers|

* Antipsychotics
* Atypical antipsychotics
* Lithium
* Lithium carbonate
* Lithium citrate
* Lithium sulfate
* Lithium toxicity

Non-pharmaceutical|

* Clinical psychology
* Cognitive behavioral therapy
* Dialectical behavior therapy
* Electroconvulsive therapy
* Involuntary commitment
* Light therapy
* Psychotherapy
* Transcranial magnetic stimulation

History|

* Emil Kraepelin
* Frederick K. Goodwin
* John Cade
* Karl Leonhard
* Kay Redfield Jamison
* Mogens Schou

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