Bithyni

Ancient Thracian tribe living in Anatolia

The Bithyni (/ˈbɪθɪnaɪ/; Ancient Greek: Βιθυνοί, romanized: Bithunoi; Latin: Bithyni) were a Thracian tribe who lived in Bithynia.

## History

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A Thracian warrior with a crescent-shaped peltē shield. The Bithyni used round peltai.

The Bithyni originally lived in the area of the lower Strymon river,[1] due to which the ancient Greeks claimed that they were originally called the Strymoni (Ancient Greek: Στρυμόνιοι, romanized: Strymonioi; Latin: Strymonii).[2]

Around c. 700 BC, the Paeonians displaced the Bithynians in the Strymon valley, after which they Bithyni migrated eastwards, and crossed the Thracian Bosporus and settled in northwestern Anatolia, where they assimilated the Phrygians and the Bebryces, with the region becoming known as Bithynia after them.[3][1] The Dolonci tribe, who lived in the Thracian Chersonese and whom Greek mythology claimed were related to the Bithyni,[4] might have been remnants of the Bithyni who were left behind on the European side of the Thracian Bosporus.[5]

By the mid-6th century BC, the Bithyni had come under the rule of the Lydian empire,[6] after which it became part of the Persian Achaemenid Empire when Cyrus II annexed Lydia.[7]

## Culture

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The Bithyni used the round peltē shield in warfare.[8]

## References

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1. ^ a b Mihailov 1991, p. 597.
2. ^ Mihailov 1991, p. 605.
3. ^ Danov 1976, p. 95-97.
4. ^ Mihailov 1991, p. 604.
5. ^ Danov 1976, p. 131.
6. ^ Mellink 1991, p. 651.
7. ^ Mellink 1991, p. 653.
8. ^ Danov 1976, p. 149.

## Sources

[edit]

* Danov, Christo [in German] (1976). Altthrakien [Ancient Thrace] (in German). Berlin, Germany: De Gruyter.
* Mellink, M. (1991). "The Native Kingdoms of Anatolia". In Boardman, John; Edwards, I. E. S.; Hammond, N. G. L.; Sollberger, E.; Walker, C. B. F. (eds.). The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C. The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 3\. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 619–665\. ISBN 978-1-139-05429-4.
* Mihailov, G. (1991). "Thrace Before the Persian Entry into Europe". In Boardman, John; Edwards, I. E. S.; Hammond, N. G. L.; Sollberger, E.; Walker, C. B. F. (eds.). The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries B.C. The Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 3.2. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. pp. 591–618\. ISBN 978-1-139-05429-4.

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Thracians

Demographics|

* List of ancient tribes in Thrace and Dacia
* List of ancient Daco-Thracian peoples and tribes
* List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia

History|

* Thracian kings
* Odrysian kingdom
* Sapaean kingdom
* Bithynian kingdom
* Phrygian kingdom
* Bisaltia
* Crestonia
* Thraco-Roman

Culture|

| Language|

* Thracian
* Classification of Thracian
* Thraco-Illyrian
* Daco-Thracian
* Thraco-Phrygian

|

Religion|

| Male deities|

* Derzelas
* Gebeleizis
* Pleistoros
* Sabazios
* Strymon
* Zalmoxis
* Zagreus
* Zibelthiurdos

|

Female deities|

* Bendis
* Iambadoule
* Kotys

Other figures|

* Thracian horseman

Rituals|

* Cotyttia

Archaeology|

* Valley of the Thracian Rulers
* Borovo Treasure
* Decebalus Treasure
* Rogozen Treasure
* Panagyurishte Treasure
* Valchitran Treasure
* Thracian treasure

Thracian cities|

* Thracian tomb of Aleksandrovo
* Mogilan mound
* Ostrusha mound
* Thracian tomb Golyama Arsenalka
* Thracian tomb Griffins
* Thracian tomb Helvetia
* Thracian Tomb of Kazanlak
* Thracian Tomb of Sveshtari
* Thracian tomb Shushmanets

Warfare|

* Thracian warfare
* Sica
* Falx
* Rhomphaia
* Labrys
* Pelta
* Thracian helmet

Modern studies|

* Thracology

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