Black Panther (character)

Marvel Comics fictional character

"T'Challa" redirects here. For the film Black Panthers, see T'Challa (Marvel Cinematic Universe), T'Chaka (Marvel Cinematic Universe), and Shuri (Marvel Cinematic Universe). For the 2024 Earth-6160-set reboot series, see Ultimate Black Panther.

Comics character

T'Challa
Black Panther

Black Panther as depicted in Original Sin #2 (May 2014), by Gabriele Dell'Otto.

Publication information
Publisher| Marvel Comics
First appearance| Fantastic Four #52
(July 1966)
Created by| Stan Lee
Jack Kirby
In-story information
Alter ego| T'Challa
Species| Human mutate
Place of origin| Wakanda
Team affiliations| Avengers
Fantastic Four
Mighty Avengers
Fantastic Force
New Avengers
Ultimates
The Crew
Partnerships| Storm
Shuri
Notable aliases| King of the Dead
Black Leopard
Black Panther
Mr. Okonkwo
Panther King
Red Panther
Abilities|

* The power to draw upon the knowledge, strength and every experience of every previous Black Panther
* Enhanced strength, endurance, speed, agility, reflexes, stamina and senses
* Master hand-to-hand combatant and martial artist
* Highly proficient tactician, strategist and inventor
* Genius-level intellect
* Utilizing vibranium suit and equipment

Black Panther is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer-editor Stan Lee and artist-coplotter Jack Kirby, the character first appeared in Fantastic Four #52, published in July 1966. On Earth-616, Black Panther's birth name is T'Challa, and he is the son of the previous Black Panther, T'Chaka. He is the king and protector of the fictional African nation of Wakanda, a technologically advanced society drawing from a supply of vibranium, a fictional metal of extraordinary properties. Along with possessing enhanced abilities achieved through ancient Wakandan rituals of drinking the essence of the heart-shaped herb, T'Challa also relies on his proficiency in science, expertise in his nation's traditions, rigorous physical training, hand-to-hand combat skills, and access to wealth and advanced Wakandan technology to combat his enemies. The character became a member of the Avengers in 1968, and has continued that affiliation off and on in subsequent decades.

The storylines of the 1970s written by Don McGregor were critically acclaimed and introduced T'Challa's nemesis Erik Killmonger. However, Black Panther was a somewhat neglected character of low popularity until his reinvention by Christopher Priest in the late 1990s. Priest re-emphasized the importance of Wakanda as an independent and technologically advanced African nation. Priest also introduced the Dora Milaje, Black Panther's female bodyguards. In subsequent series written by Reginald Hudlin, T'Challa married and then divorced Storm of the X-Men. Hudlin's stories emphasize Black cultural pride and achieved greater commercial success. In Hudlin's era, the role of Black Panther and leadership of Wakanda was also temporarily given to T'Challa's sister Shuri while he was briefly in a coma.

Black Panther is the first Black superhero in American mainstream comics. The character is also an early example of the Afrofuturist aesthetic. He has made numerous appearances in various television shows, animated films, and video games. Chadwick Boseman portrayed T'Challa in Phase Three of the Marvel Cinematic Universe's films: Captain America: Civil War (2016), Black Panther (2018), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), and Avengers: Endgame (2019). He also voiced alternate versions of the character in the first season of the animated series What If...? (2021), which was released after his death. The Black Panther film was a notable critical and popular success. Letitia Wright's character Shuri, who had appeared in previous MCU films, took on the Black Panther mantle in Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022), following Boseman's death in 2020.

## Publication history

[edit]

Further information: Black Panther collected editions

### Creation

[edit]

Black Panther first appearance in Fantastic Four #52 (July 1966).

The origin of the character has been disputed by both Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, with both claiming the impetus for the idea. However, both of the creators have said they were motivated by general humanistic and inclusive values, rather than any social or political awareness of the civil rights movement.

Kirby claimed sole credit for creating the character in The Comics Journal #134 (February 1990), stating that he realized an absence of Black characters in his comics, and believed that they should be added for "human reasons".[1]

In another interview, Kirby declared: "I came up with the Black Panther because I realized I had no blacks in my strip. I'd never drawn a black. I needed a black. I suddenly discovered that I had a lot of black readers. My first friend was a black! And here I was ignoring them because I was associating with everybody else."[2]

Lee, in contrast, claimed he created the character because, in the mid-1960s, he wanted to include more African and African-American characters in Marvel Comics. Lee later recollected: "I suddenly realized that there were no black super heroes, and I felt we ought to have one. There were no black heroes that I knew about, and there were certainly no black heroes who were the king of their own country in Africa. [...] He didn't live in a village with thatched huts--although that's what you saw on the surface. Underneath was that fantastic city that he had created, which was completely scientific and had all the latest equipment of every type in it. And we realize that the Black Panther is one of the world's great scientists--[just like] Reed Richards. So, again, I wanted to go against [stereotypes]."[3]

While there is no documentation to establish the veracity of either claim to originality, by 1966 Kirby is thought to have been largely plotting the book on his own and explaining the stories to Lee when the pages arrived in the Marvel offices.[4] In a 1968 interview, Lee said:[5]

> Some artists, such as Jack Kirby, need no plot at all. I mean I’ll just say to Jack, ‘Let’s let the next villain be Dr. Doom’… or I may not even say that. He may tell me. And then he goes home and does it. He’s so good at plots, I’m sure he’s a thousand times better than I. He just about makes up the plots for these stories. All I do is a little editing.

Roy Thomas has made claims that support Lee's version of events, while Kirby is supported by his wife and prior artwork. In 1963, Lee and Kirby included a black character, Gabe Jones, in the ensemble cast of Sgt. Fury and His Howling Commandos,[6] and Lee encouraged artists to include black characters in crowd scenes.[7] In a 1998 interview, Lee explained his motivation: "I wasn't thinking of civil rights. I had a lot of friends who were black and we had artists who were black. So, it occurred to me... why aren't there any black heroes?"[8] Soon after Black Panther was introduced, Marvel added two more recurring black characters: Jill Jerrold in Modeling with Millie, and Bill Foster in The Avengers.[7]

Co-creator Stan Lee recounted that the name was inspired by a pulp adventure hero who had a black panther as a helper.[9] Jack Kirby's original concept art for Black Panther used the concept name Coal Tiger.[10]

There was some debate at Marvel, with Lee wondering how far to go with the introduction of a Black superhero, which was commercially risky in that era. In the first version of the cover for Fantastic Four #52, Kirby drew the Black Panther wearing a cowl that exposed his face. In the published version, the cowl became a full face-mask. Previews in other comics did not show the cover at all, indicating that Lee was hesitant.[11]

Black Panther first appeared in Fantastic Four #52, published in July 1966, and the following issue in August of the same year.[12]

### Predecessors

[edit]

The Black Panther is the first Black superhero in American mainstream comic books. Very few Black heroes were created before him, and none with actual superpowers. These included Lothar in the comic strip Mandrake the Magician and the characters in the single-issue All-Negro Comics #1 (1947).[13] Marvel's 1950s predecessor, Atlas Comics also introduced Waku, Prince of the Bantu, who starred in his own feature in the omnibus title Jungle Tales.[14][15] and the Dell Comics Western character Lobo, the first Black person to star in his own comic book.[16] Previous non-caricatured Black supporting characters in comics include U.S. Army infantry private Gabriel Jones of Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos.[17]

Influences on the character included historical figures such as 14th-century Mali Empire sultan Mansa Musa and 20th-century Jamaican activist Marcus Garvey, as well as Biblical figures such as Ham and Canaan.[18] Other scholars have identified other precursors: Harry Wills, a champion boxer of the early 20th century nicknamed the Black Panther, and a predominately African-American armored combat unit in World War II also called the Black Panthers, the 761st Tank Battalion of the US Army.[19] Lee and Kirby also borrow from typical pop cultural tropes of their era inspired by Edgar Rice Burroughs's Tarzan, but subvert or transform stereotypes common in the "jungle adventure" genre.[20]

The name Black Panther predates the founding of the Black Panther Party in October 1966, though not the black panther logo of the party's predecessor, the Lowndes County Freedom Organization (LCFO).[21][22] Scripter Stan Lee denied that the comic, which pre-dates the political usage of the term, was, or could have been, named after any of the political uses of the term "black panther", including the LCFO, citing "a strange coincidence".[23]

In a guest appearance in Fantastic Four #119 (February 1972), the Black Panther briefly used the name "Black Leopard" to avoid connotations with the Party, but the new name did not last.[24] The character's name was changed back to Black Panther in The Avengers #105, with T'Challa explaining that renaming himself made as much sense as altering the Scarlet Witch's name, and he is not a stereotype.[25] Avengers writer Roy Thomas said that the Black Panther name "had more resonance," but that the political implications limited the character's prominence.[26]

### Early years: 1960s and early 1970s

[edit]

Subsequent to his first appearance, Black Panther made guest appearances in Fantastic Four Annual #5 (1967) and with Captain America in Tales of Suspense #97–99 and Captain America 100 (January – April 1968).[24] The Black Panther journeyed from the fictional African nation of Wakanda to New York City to join the titular American superhero team in The Avengers #52 (May 1968). He appeared in that comic for the next few years.[27] During his time with the Avengers, he also made solo guest-appearances in three issues of Daredevil, and fought Doctor Doom in Astonishing Tales #6–7 (June & August 1971), in that supervillain's starring feature.[28]

### 1970s and 1980s

[edit]

He received his first starring feature with Jungle Action #5 (July 1973), a reprint of a story in The Avengers #62 (March 1969) that focused on Black Panther. A new series, titled "Panther's Rage," began running the following issue, written by Don McGregor, with art by pencilers Rich Buckler, Gil Kane, and Billy Graham, and which gave inkers Klaus Janson and Bob McLeod some of their first professional exposure.[29] The critically acclaimed series ran in Jungle Action #6–18 (1973-1975).[30]

One now-common format McGregor pioneered was that of the self-contained, multi-issue story arc.[29][31] Critic Jason Sacks has called the arc "Marvel's first graphic novel":

> [T]here were real character arcs in Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four [comics] over time. But ... "Panther's Rage" is the first comic that was created from start to finish as a complete novel. Running in two years' issues of Jungle Action (#s 6 through 18), "Panther's Rage" is a 200-page novel that journeys to the heart of the African nation of Wakanda, a nation ravaged by a revolution against its king, T'Challa, the Black Panther.[31]

"Panther's Rage" also introduces T'Challa's nemesis Erik Killmonger, a rival for the throne of Wakanda who recurs in subsequent series. Rebecca Wanzo, a scholar of African-American literature, describes "Panther's Rage" as "the first major step in decolonizing the character." The cast of the story arc is almost entirely Black.[32]

The second and final arc in Jungle Action, also written by McGregor, was titled "Panther vs. the Klan" and ran in 1976.[33] The subject matter of the Ku Klux Klan was considered controversial in the Marvel offices at the time, creating difficulties for the creative team.[34]

African-American writer-editor Dwayne McDuffie said of the Jungle Action "Black Panther" feature:

> This overlooked and underrated classic is arguably the most tightly written multi-part superhero epic ever. If you can get your hands on it ... sit down and read the whole thing. It's damn-near flawless, every issue, every scene, a functional, necessary part of the whole. Okay, now go back and read any individual issue. You'll find seamlessly integrated words and pictures; clearly introduced characters and situations; a concise (sometimes even transparent) recap; beautifully developed character relationships; at least one cool new villain; a stunning action set piece to test our hero's skills and resolve; and a story that is always moving forward towards a definite and satisfying conclusion. That's what we should all be delivering, every single month. Don [McGregor] and company did it in only 17 story pages per issue.[35]

Qiana J. Witted points out that the artists in this period incorporated African American popular culture of the era, such as T'Challa wearing a "modified version of the gold-chain outfit worn by singer Isaac Hayes for the Watts, Los Angeles, community benefit concert that was released as the 1973 documentary film Wattstax."[36]

Though popular with college students, the overall sales of Jungle Action were low.[37] Marvel relaunched the Black Panther in a self-titled series, bringing in the character's co-creator Jack Kirby—newly returned to Marvel after having decamped to rival DC Comics for a time—as writer, penciler, and editor. In the series, Black Panther searches for a magic artifact called King Solomon's Frog.[38] However, Kirby wanted to work on new characters and was unhappy at being assigned a series starring a character he had already worked with extensively.[39] He left the series after only 12 issues and was replaced by Ed Hannigan (writer), Jerry Bingham (penciler), and Roger Stern (editor). Black Panther ran 15 issues (January 1977 – May 1979).[40] Because the series was discontinued, the contents of what would have been Black Panther #16–18 were published in Marvel Premiere #51–53.[41]

In 1980, Black Panther appeared as a guest star in The Defenders #84-86, written by Ed Hannigan. This story introduced Black Panther's rivalry with Namor and his kingdom of Atlantis, which becomes a recurring conflict in future story lines.[42] Later in the year, Black Panther appeared in a back up story in Marvel Team-Up #100 that establishes his relationship with Storm of the X-Men.[43]

A four-issue miniseries, Black Panther vol. 2, (July – October 1988) was written by Peter B. Gillis and penciled by Denys Cowan.[43] McGregor revisited his Panther saga with Gene Colan in "Panther's Quest", published as 25 eight-page installments within the bi-weekly anthology series Marvel Comics Presents (issues #13–37, Feb.–December 1989).[44] The story takes place in South Africa. In the view of critic Todd Steven Burroughs, "'Quest' attempts to show how oppressive apartheid is for everyone involved."[45]

### 1990s

[edit]

McGregor later teamed with artist Dwayne Turner in the square-bound miniseries Black Panther: Panther's Prey (September 1990 – March 1991).[46]

Writer Christopher Priest's and penciller Mark Texeira's 1998 series Black Panther vol. 3 re-invented the character.[47] Scholar Todd Steven Burroughs describes the new vision for the Black Panther as "a combination of Frank Miller's Batman and South African president Nelson Mandela.[48] Priest was the first Black creator to become an editor at Marvel.[49] Inspired by the Eddie Murphy film Coming to America, Priest and his artists returned to the fundamental sovereignty of Wakanda.[50] He revisited Erik Killmonger and other characters introduced in "Panther's Rage", together with new characters such as State Department attorney Everett Ross and the Dora Milaje, the Panther's female bodyguards. In their original characterization, the Dora Milaje are beautiful teenage girls who are, officially speaking, the Panther's potential wives.[51] Dora Milaje is said to translate from Hausa to "adored ones."[52] Priest made the Panther god another form of the Egyptian goddess Bastet, originally depicted as a black cat.[53]

The Priest-Texeira series was under the Marvel Knights imprint in its first year.[47] Priest's initial concept was inspired by Batman but also one of Batman's nemeses, Ra's al Ghul, the mysterious leader of a League of Assassins. Priest believed this "fearsome African warrior" would simply be too intimidating for the Marvel universe.[52] Priest says the device of Ross's character contributed greatly to his ability to write the series: "I realized I could use Ross to bridge the gap between the African culture that the Black Panther mythos is steeped in and the predominantly white readership that Marvel sells to." He added his opinion that the Black Panther had been misused in the years after his initial creation by Lee and Kirby.[54] Priest believed Black Panther was generally considered a dull "also-ran" with no evident powers.[52]

To reinvent the character, he emphasized Black Panther's role as a monarch of a technologically advanced independent nation, and hence one of the most powerful figures in the Marvel universe. Influenced by Chris Claremont and Frank Miller, he aimed to introduce moral ambiguity and political complexity to the world of Black Panther.[55] Priest also envisioned the series as a political satire, comparing it to The West Wing. In Priest's characterization, T'Challa actually joined the Avengers in order to spy on them, protecting Wakanda's national interests.[56] Ta-Nehisi Coates has said that Priest "had the classic run on Black Panther, period, and that's gonna be true for a long time."[57]

Jim Dandeneau of Den of Geek also states that Priest's is "probably the definitive run of Black Panther. This is where Wakanda stopped being backstory and started being a living, breathing place, with geography and politics and history that all contributed to its depth and beauty. It's also where a bunch of what's going on the screen started: Priest introduced Everett K. Ross and the Dora Milaje almost immediately in his first issue. Priest had been separated from Marvel for several years before coming back to write this book under a separate, independent line within Marvel as the rest of the company went bankrupt around it. So, he was given a lot of leeway to write the story he wanted to, and what came out was one of the greatest runs on any comic ever."[58]

Cultural critic Douglas Wolk agrees that Christopher Priest's run established the canonical version of the character, although: "The tone of Priest's run was wildly different from any other Black Panther stories before or since--it's basically a political comedy--but Priest's central insight was that T'Challa isn't actually a superhero in the ordinary sense," but rather a monarch. He also says that the first issue of the run makes no sense at first reading, and requires a continuing interpretation of future issues. He argues that this is unique in mainstream superhero comics.[59]

### 2000s

[edit]

Black Panther #25-27 (December 2000-February 2001) reintroduce Storm as a major character in Black Panther's world. Priest intended their love affair as a consistent aspect of their youthful development, but did not believe they could form a durable relationship.[60]

The last 13 issues of Priest's series (#50–62) saw the main character replaced by a multiracial New York City police officer named Kasper Cole, with T'Challa relegated to a supporting character.[61] This Black Panther, who became the White Tiger, was placed in the series The Crew, running concurrently with the final few Black Panther issues. The Crew was canceled with issue #7.[62]

Artist John Romita Jr. signing a copy of the fourth Black Panther series at Midtown Comics in Manhattan

In 2005, Marvel began publishing Black Panther vol. 4,[63] which ran 41 issues (April 2005 – November 2008).[64] It was initially written by filmmaker Reginald Hudlin (through issue #38) and penciled by John Romita, Jr. (through #6).[63] Hudlin is a Hollywood writer and director who was at that time the president of the entertainment division of Black Entertainment Television.[65] He wanted to add "street cred" to the title, although he noted that the book was not necessarily or primarily geared toward an African-American readership.[66] As influences for his characterization of the character, Hudlin has cited comic character Batman, film director Spike Lee, and music artist Sean Combs.[66] The Black Panther comics that Hudlin wrote sold much better than any previous series featuring the character, including Priest's.[67] According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Black Panther (2005) #1 was the 27th best-selling comic book in February 2005.[68][69][70] Hudlin's series also received positive notice from figures outside the comic book world, such as Ice Cube and Ziggy Marley.[71]

In 2006, during Hudlin's run, T'Challa marries Storm of the X-Men, and she appeared as a prominent supporting character in many subsequent storylines.[72] Readers and critics compared the wedding to the relationship of Jay-Z and Beyoncé, although they did not marry until two years later.[73] Briefly, the two characters replace Mister Fantastic and the Invisible Woman in the Fantastic Four.[74] Douglas Wolk observes that the wedding is the most well-known moment in Hudlin's run, and contends that the "mutual admiration leading to matrimony seemed to come out of nowhere," that neither have much in common "besides being superheroes with somewhat formal speech patterns and connections to Africa and divinity," and that while "one is a champion of a cross-sectional group, the other is a monarch of a physical nation."[75] Hudlin responded to such criticisms in a 2010 interview, declaring that the wedding was set up for months by two different storylines and that the two characters are perfectly matched.[76]

In Hudlin's series, the Dora Milaje are a clearly military organization, with shaven heads, rather than the attractive teenage girls previously established by Priest.[77] In addition, Hudlin established T'Challa's complex friendship with Luke Cage, another prominent Black superhero created several years after Black Panther.[78] While T'Challa is from an African nation that was never colonized, Cage is a street-level New York superhero of a vastly different culture. Hudlin explores these differences in the interactions between the two heroes.[79] Like Priest, Hudlin emphasizes Black Panther's power and independence; as he puts it, T'Challa is "an INTERNATIONAL player who's equally at home at the Davos Conference in Switzerland, meeting with Colin Powell in D.C., kicking it in Harlem with Bill Clinton and Al Sharpton, and brokering deals off the coast of Cuba with Fidel Castro and Prince Namor."[80] Black Panther vol. 5 launched in February 2009, with Hudlin, again scripting, introducing a successor Black Panther, T'Challa's sister Shuri.[81]

Tyler Huckabee of IGN included Hudlin's Black Panther comic book series in their "10 Best Black Panther Comic Books" list, stating, "Reginald Hudlin's run is more traditionally superhero-esque in nature than many other titles on this list, featuring costumed villains and super guest stars like the X-Men and Namor. It also introduces a number of characters who've become key players in the Black Panther's life (like his sister Shuri) and tells what has now become the definitive origin story."[82]

Hudlin co-wrote issue #7 with Jonathan Maberry, who then became the new writer,[83] joined by artist Will Conrad.[84]

### 2010s

[edit]

Both T'Challa and Shuri fight Doctor Doom, alongside members of the Fantastic Four and the X-Men, in the six-issue miniseries Doomwar (April – September 2010).[81] Doomwar introduces the Midnight Angels, an armored division of the Dora Milaje.[85] In this period, T'Challa has given up his powers and has been replaced by his sister. At the conclusion of the story, Doom steals Wakanda's supply of vibranium, and T'Challa destroys all of it in response.[86]

T'Challa then accepts an invitation from Matt Murdock, the superhero Daredevil, to become the new protector of New York City's Hell's Kitchen neighborhood. Under writer David Liss and artist Francesco Francavilla, he became the lead character in Daredevil beginning with issue #513 (February 2011); the series was retitled Black Panther: The Man Without Fear.[87] He takes on the identity of Mr. Okonkwo, an immigrant from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and becomes the owner of a small diner to be close to the people.[88] He fights street crime and various enemies of Daredevil, in this case relying on his own athletic ability and without the traditional Black Panther powers and Wakandan technology. He also confronts a new version of the Hate-Monger, a Silver Age emblem of bigotry who represents contemporary racist and anti-immigrant ideology.[89] In Fantastic Four #608, written by Jonathan Hickman, T'Challa again meets the Panther god Bast. Bast reveals that catastrophe will come to Wakanda and that T'Challa will need to be reborn as a new Black Panther. His restored powers exceed his previous strength, and he is also given the collective memories of all the previous Black Panthers.[90] Black Panther then takes part in the Avengers vs. X-Men event. As a result of this conflict, his marriage to Storm is annulled.[90]

For three years, beginning in 2013, Black Panther did not have in his own solo title but instead appeared as one of the primary members of New Avengers, written by Jonathan Hickman. Hickman later recalled that this was a conscious cross-media marketing plan to lead toward a relaunch of Black Panther coinciding with the feature film. In this series, Black Panther works together with a secret team of the most powerful heroes, the Illuminati.[91] He often finds himself torn between the needs of his particular nation and more global concerns. In particular, he has a mortal conflict with Namor, who is responsible for a bloody invasion of Wakanda.[92] Black Panther then joins The Ultimates, written by Al Ewing. The group battles Galactus.[93]

Ta-Nehisi Coates wrote a number of best-selling Black Panther series in the 2010s.

A new Black Panther series written by Ta-Nehisi Coates and drawn by Brian Stelfreeze was launched in 2016. Marvel intended the series to respond to contemporary social justice concerns.[94] Coates was previously a correspondent for The Atlantic and won the National Book Award for his essay Between the World and Me. As Todd Steven Burroughs writes, "The announcement that Ta-Nehisi Coates––the writer whom Toni Morrison called the heir to novelist and essayist James Baldwin––was going to write a new, ongoing Black Panther title shook both the Marvel Universe and café society."[95] In Coates's first storyline, titled A Nation Under Our Feet, T'Challa faces a popular uprising against his monarchy. At the conclusion of the story, Wakanda is reformed into a constitutional democracy, with the Black Panther continuing as a figurehead king rather than a ruler. This series introduces a new version of The Crew, now including Storm, Luke Cage, Misty Knight, and Manifold.[96]

According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Black Panther (2016) #1 was the best-selling comic book in April 2016, while #2 was the 9th best-selling comic book in May 2016.[97][98][99][100][101][102] The first issue received positive reviews from Comics Beat[103] and IGN.[104] Critics found the second issue compelling and unusual, but enigmatic.[105][106] Critic Todd Steven Burroughs characterizes the story as "ultra-cerebral," and suggests that some of the previous authors of the character may have found it pretentious.[107] He interprets the story as a fascinating deconstruction of Wakanda that removes "what [Coates] might call the intellectual crutch of Black nationalism" from the mythos of Black Panther.[108]

In Coates' second storyline, Avengers of the New World, Wakanda's mythology was expanded, showing the panther goddess Bast as a member of a pantheon known as The Orisha, the term orisha, a Yoruba word for spirit or deity from Yoruba mythology, the pantheon is composed of Egyptian gods and other origins, such as Kokou, an orisha from Benin.[53][109][nb 1] Coates also wrote a six-issue series called Black Panther and the Crew that addresses the problem of police killings and also suggests that the Marvel universe includes a number of previously unknown superheroes from the Bandung Conference.[111]

In 2017, the Africanfuturist writer Nnedi Okorafor wrote the series Black Panther: Long Live the King.[112]

In February 2018, Christopher Priest, Don McGregor, and Reginald Hudlin each contributed one story to the Black Panther Annual #1.[113]

In spring 2018, Coates wrote a new Black Panther series. Titled The Intergalactic Empire of Wakanda, this is a space opera.[114] According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Black Panther (2018) #1 was the 5th best-selling comic book in May 2018.[115][116][117]

Oliver Vestal of ComicsVerse gave Black Panther (2018) #1 a score of 97%, writing, "Black Panther #1 made for a strong start to the series. Ta-Nehisi Coates uses thorough world-building to establish a plot and characters. Daniel Acuña uses a mix of blurry and clear details and a dark palette to reflect the tone of the issue."[118] Jesse Schedeen of IGN gave Black Panther #1 a grade of 8.6 out of 10, asserting, "Black Panther #1 is a promising start for this new era of Coates' run. It's certainly different enough from previous incarnations. And Acuna's art ensures that the book looks better than it has since Brian Stelfreeze was drawing it. Issue #1 gives readers a fresh start with the character while also offering plenty of incentive to stick around and see where this strange odyssey is heading."[119]

### 2020s

[edit]

In 2021, John Ridley wrote a new five-issue Black Panther series.[120]

According to Diamond Comic Distributors, Black Panther (2021) #1 was the 10th best-selling comic book in November 2021.[121]

Hannibal Tabu of Bleeding Cool gave Black Panther #1 a grade of 8.5 out of 10, saying, "This John Ridley script is a rush of adrenaline and smarts all at once, with clever elements introduced along the way. T'Challa's secret balances both the old ways of Wakanda as personified by the White Wolf and the modern egalitarian Wakanda he's trying to build. Then there's the visual storytelling from Juann Cabal, Federico Blee, and Joe Sabino, which will tickle the fancy of fans of, well, any Marvel project featuring Sebastian Stan, basically. They feature a great Avengers fight scene (that also mixes in wonderful character work) with a gorgeous view of an evolving Wakanda. "A king's business is getting things done," T'Challa says at one point. With a great espionage-tinted take, this issue takes that business very seriously."[122] Tim Adams of ComicBook.com gave Black Panther #1 a grade of 4 out of 5, saying, "Marvel's new era of Black Panther gets off to a captivating start. Whereas the previous volume by Ta-Nehisi Coates and Daniel Acuna primarily took place in the stars, John Ridley, Juann Cabal, and Federico Blue deliver the beginnings of an espionage tale. Marvel Stormbreaker artist Juann Cabal is quickly rising as a superstar artist after fan-favorite runs on X-23 and Guardians of the Galaxy. His work with Blee on Black Panther remains top-notch, and watching T'Challa balance his responsibilities between being the chairperson of the Avengers and ruler of Wakanda is even stressful for the reader. The main plot reveals some major secrets Black Panther has been keeping, which has those closest to him questioning his actions in an understandable way. Something I always enjoy with a first issue is an end-of-page teaser offering clues to future storylines, and this one has some juicy scenes of stories-to-come."[123]

In July 2022 the limited series Wakanda was announced, written by Stephanie Williams and illustrated by Paco Medina, the series will have a backup series titled History of the Black Panthers, written by Evan Narcisse and illustrated by Natacha Bustos.[124] In August 2022, Marvel announced the one-shot Black Panther: Unconquered, written by Bryan Edward Hill and illustrated by Alberto Foche.[125]

In January 2023, a new Black Panther series was announced, written by Eve Ewing and illustrated by Chris Allen.[126]

According to the ComicHub system at local comic book shops selling American comics, Black Panther (2023) #1 was the 11th best-selling comic book in June 2023.[127][128]

Hannah Rose of Comic Book Resources wrote, "Black Panther #1 is a subtle and humane study of a changing character and shifting fictional landscape. Although a slow burn in turns of action, and offers questions with no easy answers, this issue is worth checking out precisely for those reasons."[129] Charlie Ridgely of ComicBook.com gave Black Panther #1 a grade of 5 out of 5, stating, "If a king has no kingdom, what does he become? That's one of the central questions that writer Eve L. Ewing sets out to answer in her exciting new Black Panther series at Marvel Comics. This new take on the iconic character strips away so much of what we've always thought the Black Panther to be, focusing on who T'Challa is at his core. The result, at least in this week's debut issue, is a fantastic exploration of a character readers have known for years, making him seem both brand new and entirely familiar."[130]

Bryan Edward Hill writes Ultimate Black Panther with art by Stefano Caselli, which takes place in an alternate continuity from the mainstream Marvel universe. The comic is about Black Panther defending the continent of Africa from the deities Khonshu and Ra. Hill said "I was invigorated by this opportunity because in addition to my immense respect for Jonathan Hickman's detailed storytelling, the idea of shepherding this bold new take on Black Panther in this event gives me a platform to do the kind of broad, epic, storytelling I've always wanted to do in comics. My influences range from the history of Black Panther comics, to Ryan Coogler's incredible work with the recent films, to Frank Herbert's world-building capacity of Dune. This is something people won't expect, in the best of ways, and full credit to Marvel and editors Wil Moss and Michelle Marchese for bringing this creative possibility to me."[131]

## Characterization

[edit]

### Fictional character biography

[edit]

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T'Challa is born to T'Chaka, the Black Panther, and Queen N'Yami. N'Yami dies in childbirth, and T'Chaka's second wife, Ramonda, gives birth to Shuri. Ramonda vanishes shortly after. T'Challa defeats his uncle during the a ritual event and becomes Black Panther.[132] As an adolescent, T'Challa goes on a walkabout manhood ritual and meets a young orphan in Cairo, Ororo Munroe (who will later become Storm).[133] He is sent abroad and graduates from Oxford University. Klaw then invades Wakanda and murders T'Chaka, but is subsequently driven away by T'Challa.[134]

T'Challa invites the Fantastic Four to Wakanda, then attacks and attempts to neutralize them individually, to test himself as preparation to battle Klaw, who has replaced his shattered right hand with a sonic weapon.[135][136] After the ruler makes proper amends to the Four, they befriend and help T'Challa, and he in turn aids them against the supervillain the Psycho-Man.[137] T'Challa later joins the Avengers, on Captain America's recommendation.[138]

After receiving numerous urgent official letters requesting him to return to his increasingly troubled homeland,[139] the Panther leaves his active Avengers membership to return to a Wakanda on the brink of civil war. T'Challa eventually proposes and becomes engaged to Monica Lynne,[140] though the couple never marry.

Killmonger then defeats T'Challa in ritual combat, thus inheriting the role of Black Panther,[141] but falls into a coma upon eating the heart-shaped herb.[142] T'Challa preserves his rival's life rather than allowing him to die.

Later, T'Challa finds he has a brain aneurysm like his alternate future self, and succumbs to instability and hallucinations. After his mental state almost causes tribal warfare, the Panther hands power to his council[143] and hides in New York City. While recovering, he trains a police officer, Kasper Cole, to be the new Black Panther. T'Challa eventually recovers, Cole becomes White Tiger, and T'Challa returns to Wakanda.[144]

He marries Storm.[145] They tour the world. Subsequently, Black Panther faces Erik Killmonger, defeating him with assistance from Monica Rambeau (a.k.a. Pulsar).[146] Attacked by the forces of fellow Cabal member Doctor Doom, T'Challa is left comatose.[147] His sister Shuri is trained as the next Black Panther, with the mantle passing onto her officially after T'Challa awakens from his coma and attempts to recover from his injuries.[148] In the aftermath, T'Challa loses all of his enhanced attributes given to him by being the Panther totem. As a result, he works with his sorcerer, Zawavari, to accumulate a replacement.[149]

Matt Murdock (the superhero Daredevil) asks T'Challa to replace him as guardian of Hell's Kitchen, giving T'Challa a chance to discover himself and explore his new limits while Murdock takes a leave of absence.

Upon his return to Wakanda, T'Challa serves as a second to his sister, Shuri, who remains the kingdom's active ruler. In preparation for an upcoming attack on Wakanda, the Panther Goddess returns T'Challa's abilities.[150] Empowered by the Phoenix, Namor destroys Wakanda with a massive tidal wave.[151] Returning to help, Storm is stunned when the Panther informs her that their marriage has been annulled.[152]

After witnessing an alternate Earth over Wakanda being destroyed by the Black Swan, T'Challa reforms the Illuminati—with Beast replacing the now-deceased Charles Xavier—to confront the threat of the Incursions, parallel universes colliding with each other to the destruction of both. As part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel, Black Panther is a member of the Ultimates.[153]

Black Panther represents Wakanda on the Alpha Flight Space Program's Board of Governors.[154] During Hydra's reign over America led by Arnim Zola, Baron Zemo and Steve Rogers, Panther is captured for opposing this regime, and brought into a containing room. After the defeat of Supreme Hydra Steve Rogers, Black Panther establishes his quest to go across the universe with his people, and found an Intergalactic Empire of Wakanda on Planet Bast, located in the Benhazin Star System.[155][156]

### Personality and motivations

[edit]

"Black Panther" is a title that is partly hereditary, but also must be validated in combat. In Hudlin's series, a US government representative describes the tradition as a "spiritually-based warrior cult," and interprets the position as "sort of like being Pope, president and head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff all at once."[157]

T'Challa is a shrewd political actor whose main concern is the survival and prosperity of his nation, Wakanda.[158] He is extraordinarily skilled in combat, but often applies deception and strategy to achieve his goals. While he often works independently or alongside the Avengers in order to achieve the collective good, he also has the vast resources of Wakanda at his disposal. He is cautious about his personal relationships, and his romantic connections are characterized by strict monogamous commitment.[159] While he views his primary responsibility as his own nation-state, he also has some feeling of connection and loyalty to the larger African diaspora and at times is involved in political and social efforts to improve the circumstances of African Americans.[160] In Ta-Nahesi Coates's characterization, T'Challa has an adventurous spirit and does not actually enjoy the burden of being king.[161]

## Powers, abilities and equipment

[edit]

Black Panther has acute senses as well as extraordinary "speed, strength, reflexes, durability, healing, and stamina." These capacities partly come from his own training and partly from the properties of a Wakandan heart-shaped herb. The relationship between the heart-shaped herb and Wakanda's vibranium resources is unclear.[162]

Black Panther has "peak human" athletic abilities and is one of the most effective fighters in hand-to-hand combat in the Marvel Universe. In his first published appearance, he defeats all of the members of the Fantastic Four single-handedly. For decades after, he was represented as much less formidable, with no distinct powers. Christopher Priest believes this was one of the reasons why the character was under-utilized.[56]

In his contemporary incarnation, he has an armored, bulletproof suit with razor-sharp claws in its finger gauntlets. His mask includes communications equipment, his eye lenses can read ultraviolet and infrared signals, his suit can switch to a camouflage mode, and he has vibranium lacing in his soles to absorb impact. In addition, he has special armor for unusual occasions.[163] Black Panther is unique among superheroes in that he generally has the resources of an entire nation supporting him.

## Themes and motifs

[edit]

### Racism and Black pride

[edit]

While the early writers of the story were white men, the subsequent authors Priest, Hudlin, and Coates are all Black American men. These writers used the character also to comment on US racism and stereotypes.[164] For example, a cognitive psychologist has argued that Priest's depiction of assumptions made by white characters in his stories are an early media representation of microaggressions. This is particularly evinced in the character of Everett Ross, who is constantly misunderstanding his experiences of Africa and Black people because of his unconscious prejudices.[165] Particularly in the Reginald Hudlin period, Black Panther is positioned as a uniquely Black superhero, representing the best and most powerful aspects of contemporary Black masculinity.[166]

### Colonialism and decolonization

[edit]

The stories also explore imaginary approaches to the circumstances, opportunities, and difficulties of small, resource-rich nations in the Global South. Black Panther's character and his fictional kingdom, Wakanda, constitute an early example of what was later called Afrofuturism. As Scott Bukatman writes, Wakanda is "an African nation never conquered, never colonized, never subservient. Small wonder Wakanda was foundational to the ethos and aesthetic later labeled Afrofuturist."[167] Black Panther's first story also establishes that Wakanda is in possession of a valuable natural resource (vibranium) and that various powers wish to violate Wakanda's sovereignty in order to obtain that resource.[168] While Lee and Kirby disavowed political motivation, historians of popular culture have commented on the coincidence of Black Panther's creation at the same time as Third World revolutionary movements and US Black Power organizations, such as the Black Panther Party and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.[169] Adilifu Nama reads T'Challa as "an idealized composite of third-world Black revolutionaries and the anticolonialist movement of the 1950s that they represented," and compares him to Jomo Kenyatta, Patrice Lumumba, and Kwame Nkrumah.[170] However, while many third-world revolutionaries believed in some version of socialism, Wakanda is portrayed as a monarchy. Moreover, while African independence movements were usually skeptical of US national interests they perceived as imperialist, Black Panther is a friendly ally of Captain America and other American superheroes. Martin Lund suggests that the early appearances of Black Panther are partly meant to suggest a clearly anti-communist model of independent African state, to calm Western anxieties about decolonization.[19] Later writers of Black Panther comics such as Ta-Nehisi Coates, Roxane Gay and Nnedi Okorafor, in the 2010s and '20s, explicitly make the ideal of monarchy problematic and strive to portray a more democratic and inclusive vision of African nationalism.[171] Coates and Gay also emphasize the agency of women and lesbian characters.

### Challenges and transformation of the human body

[edit]

The series often emphasizes the vulnerability of the human body, or, conversely, a technologically armored heroic body. In Billy Graham's illustrations for Don McGregor's 1970s Black Panther stories, his costume is often destroyed and he is frequently depicted as resisting or overcoming immense exertion or suffering.[172] Todd Steven Burroughs describes McGregor's rendition of the Panther as "a kind of warrior-priest who could endure suffering as well as any Hindu yogi."[173] In contrast, Priest's and Hudlin's runs of Black Panther depict him as extraordinarily powerful, with an armored, bulletproof suit that is rarely damaged. In addition, the later version of the Panther suit includes razor-sharp claws.[174]

### War

[edit]

Black Panther comics often depict war. Sometimes this is portrayed as heroic, such as instances when Wakanda protects its freedom and independence, but in other instances war is depicted as random and cruel. For example, in Don McGregor's "Panther's Rage," the narrator intones, "War not only affects its perpetrators and its participants. It ravages all it touches, and scars much past that. Innocents die alongside warriors, and some warriors are as innocent as the civilians whose fates await the outcome of the conflict."[175] This reflects an awareness of the various contemporary African wars. The comics also sometimes depict the African wars that affect Wakanda as a product of labyrinthine rivalries among different world powers. For example, in Priest's series the villain Achebe is described as a refugee from a "war instigated by Latin American terrorists who were financed by Russian mob money – all of this courtesy of rogue factions within the U.S. Intelligence community," with the intent of destabilizing Wakanda.[176] The comics also depict economic warfare. For example, in Priest's series, Killlmonger crashes the Wakandan economy by deflating the value of vibranium and devaluing the currency; T'Challa responds by nationalizing foreign interests.[177]

## Supporting characters

[edit]

Main article: List of Black Panther supporting characters

### Allies

[edit]

Black Panther draws from the combat skills of his bodyguards, the Dora Milaje.[178] When facing cosmic threats, he works together with the Avengers,[179] and has a particularly respectful relationship with Captain America.[180] He also works together with the Crew, which includes Luke Cage and Misty Knight. T'Challa also sometimes works together with an agent of the Central Intelligence Agency, Everett Ross, who is generally hapless.

### Other Black Panthers

[edit]

The mantle of the Black Panther is passed down from generation to generation among the rulers of Wakanda[181] In the diegetic world of the character, there have been thousands of Black Panthers. In the comics, these include a Stone-Age Black Panther named Mosi,[182] an 11th-century incarnation named Nehanda,[183][184] and a nineteenth-century version named M'Teli.[185] During World War II, the Panther was named T'Chanda,[186][187] who first defeated Captain America and then allied with him to fight the Nazis.[188]

T'Challa's father is T'Chaka, who appeared for the first time in Fantastic Four #53 (August 1966) by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby. The eldest son of King T'Chanda and Queen Nanali, T'Chaka inherits the throne and the title of the Black Panther on his father's death by being helped in his monarch duties by his younger brother and trusted adviser S'Yan.[189] After having married a woman named N'Yami, believing she cannot have children, he adopts a child with her, Hunter; however, she later becomes pregnant and dies giving birth to her first child, T'Challa; from the relationship with a woman of another tribe T'Chaka then has a second son, Jakarra, and finally remarries with Ramonda, with whom he has his only daughter, Shuri.[189] When Ramonda subsequently disappears into nothingness, leading him to believe that he has been abandoned, he raises his children alone.[190] To protect the kingdom, T'Chaka instituted a policy of strong isolationism,[191] but in the course of his life he often collaborated with agents of the U.S. government.[192][193] He is killed by Ulysses Klaw after having surprised him when he was trying to illegally extract vibranium in his kingdom.[194]

In Black Panther vol. 3 #15 (February 2000), Erik Killmonger challenges and beats T'Challa in a duel for the throne, overthrowing him as king of Wakanda and taking on the role as the Black Panther.[195] He becomes comatose after attempting to ingest the heart-shaped herb to acquire the Black Panther's powers, as he is not of royal blood. Killmonger's time as king is short-lived however, as he is killed by Monica Rambeau during T'Challa's attack to reclaim Wakanda.[196]

When T'Challa ends up in a coma because of Doctor Doom,[197] Shuri becomes his substitute as the Black Panther and queen of Wakanda which, after the rise of her half-brother to "king of the dead" creates, for the first time in history, two avatars of the Panther Goddess.

### Romantic interests

[edit]

In the Don McGregor period, T'Challa's romantic partner was Monica Lynne, an African-American singer. He also had a long-standing relationship with Ororo Munroe, also known as Storm of the X-Men, and they were married for years. Since their divorce, they maintain a close and intimate relationship.[198]

### Villains

[edit]

T'Challa has frequently battled Erik Killmonger, his rival for the throne of Wakanda.[199] He is also frequently in conflict with Doctor Doom[200] and Namor.[201]

## Cultural impact and legacy

[edit]

Black Panther became widely popular since the release of the film Black Panther in 2018. Many sources have commended the significance of the character, particularly with regard to the representation of Black people. For example, Anubhav Chaudhry of Sportskeeda described Black Panther as a "powerful, regal, and intelligent black hero," writing, "The introduction of the Black Panther in 1966 marked a pivotal moment in the history of comic books, opening the doors for diverse characters to enter the mainstream."[202] Laura Bradley of Vanity Fair included Black Panther in their "Stan Lee's Most Iconic Characters" list, describing him as the "first superhero of African descent in the comics world."[203] Fred Bluden of Screen Rant asserts, "As a technological genius, diplomat, statesman, and superhero, Black Panther helped to encourage the creation of other prominent black superheroes who were more than stereotypes. As a character, and a cultural milestone, his importance cannot be overstated."[204] The A.V. Club ranked Black Panther 1st in their "100 Best Marvel Characters" list.[205] Joseph J. Darowski, in the introduction to The Ages of Black Panther: Essays on the King of Wakanda, argues that "The Black Panther's place in popular culture history is secured even as it is constantly evolving."[206] Darren Franich of Entertainment Weekly ranked Black Panther 26th in their "Let's Rank Every Avenger Ever" list, writing, "The Black Panther has one of the most interesting backstory/mythologies in comic books."[207] Wizard Magazine ranked Black Panther 79th in their "200 Greatest Comic Book Character of All Time" list.[208]

In 2020, following the death of Chadwick Boseman, Disneyland unveiled a mural at Anaheim's Downtown representing the actor giving the Wakanda salute to a young fan wearing a Black Panther mask.[209][210][211] In 2021, a wax figure of T'Challa / Black Panther was unveiled at Madame Tussauds London, inspired by the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) incarnation of the character.[212][213][214] In 2022, BuyCostumes.com announced that T'Challa's Black Panther costume was the 8th most popular Halloween costume for kids.[215][216][217]

## In other media

[edit]

Main article: Black Panther in other media

See also: T'Challa (Marvel Cinematic Universe)

Boseman at the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con.

In 2018, Marvel Studios released a film adaptation titled Black Panther, starring Chadwick Boseman as T'Challa and directed by Ryan Coogler. Black Panther was met with positive reviews from film critics. It became the highest-grossing solo superhero film of all time,[218] the third-highest-grossing film of the MCU and superhero film overall,[219] the ninth-highest-grossing film of all time,[220] and the highest-grossing film by an African-American director.[221][222] It is the fifth MCU film and 33rd overall to surpass $1 billion,[223] and the second-highest-grossing film of 2018.[224] It made history as the first superhero film to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. Chadwick Boseman also portrayed T'Challa / Black Panther in other media set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe.[225][226] T'Challa appears in the live-action films Captain America: Civil War (2016), Black Panther (2018),[225][226] Avengers: Infinity War (2018),[227] and Avengers: Endgame (2019).[228] The actor voices three alternate timeline versions of T'Challa in season one of the Disney+ animated series What If...?, which were released posthumously.[229][230] In Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022), T'Challa's sister Shuri (portrayed by Letitia Wright) takes over the mantle of the Black Panther.

Black Panther's first animated appearance was in Fantastic Four, voiced by Keith David.[231] In 2010, he later appeared in a self-titled animated TV series on Black Entertainment Television, voiced by Djimon Hounsou.[232][233] This series was a literal adaptation of Reginald Hudlin's arc of the comic series.[234] Subsequently, Black Panther appeared as a supporting character in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes, voiced by James C. Mathis III.[235] and Avengers Assemble,[236] voiced again by James C. Mathis III.[237] The fifth season of the show is named "Black Panther's Quest", with the narrative focus on Black Panther, Shuri, and Wakanda rather than the Avengers. The season was first announced at San Diego Comic-Con, and Daisy Lightfoot provided the voices for Shuri.[238] For young children, the Black Panther appears in Spidey and His Amazing Friends, voiced by Tru Valentino.[239][240] In 2023, Disney announced a new animated series called Eyes of Wakanda that will tell the stories of T'Challa's ancestors.[241]

Black Panther has also featured in several video games, such as Marvel: Ultimate Alliance, voiced by Phil LaMarr.[237]

## See also

[edit]

* African characters in comics
* American comic books

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Yoruba is one of the official languages of Wakanda.[110]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Jack Kirby Interview - Page 6 of 8". May 23, 2011. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
2. ^ "Jack Kirby Interview - Page 6 of 8". May 23, 2011. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
3. ^ Culver, p. 10.
4. ^ Asher Elbein (September 2016). "Marvel, Jack Kirby, and the Comic-Book Artist's Plight". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
5. ^ "Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, who did what". Archived from the original on February 21, 2022. Retrieved February 21, 2022.
6. ^ Lee, Stan; Thomas, Roy (2006). Stan Lee's Amazing Marvel Universe. New York, New York: Sterling Publishing. p. 54\. ISBN 978-1-4027-4225-5.
7. ^ a b Wells, John (2014). American Comic Book Chronicles: 1965-1969. TwoMorrows Publishing. pp. 89–90\. ISBN 978-1605490557.89-90&rft.pub=TwoMorrows+Publishing&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1605490557&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Black+Panther+(character)" class="Z3988">
8. ^ Brodsky, Bob (July 1998). "Stan the Man Lee: Maestro of the Marvel Mythos". Comic Book Marketplace (#61): 28–36, 45–54.28-36,+45-54&rft.date=1998-07&rft.aulast=Brodsky&rft.aufirst=Bob&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Black+Panther+(character)" class="Z3988">
9. ^ Thomas, Roy (August 2011). "Stan Lee's Amazing Marvel Interview!". Alter Ego (#104). TwoMorrows Publishing: 38–39.38-39&rft.date=2011-08&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Roy&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Black+Panther+(character)" class="Z3988">
10. ^ Culver, p. 13.
11. ^ Howe, Sean (2013). "Chapter 3". Marvel Comics: The Untold Story. Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0061992117.
12. ^ Culver, p. 13-16.
13. ^ Culver, p. 9.
14. ^ "Wakanda Forever: How 'Black Panther' Upholds a Revolutionary Legacy". Chapelboro.com. February 21, 2018. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
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19. ^ a b Qiana J. Whitted, "Volume Introduction," in McGregor, et al., p. xxxiv, 2022.
20. ^ Whitted, in McGregor, et al., p. xxvi-xxvii.
21. ^ Cronin, Brian (December 5, 2008). "Comic Book Legends Revealed #183". Comics Should Be Good @ CBR. Archived from the original on December 6, 2008. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
22. ^ "Origin of the Black Panther Party logo". H.K. Yuen Social Movement Archive. Archived from the original on December 11, 2008. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
23. ^ Mitchell, Maurice (February 14, 2018). "The Secret History of Black Panther by Stan Lee". The Geek Twins. Archived from the original on February 19, 2018. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
24. ^ a b Culver, p. 19.
25. ^ McMillan, Graeme (February 15, 2018). "Where Black Panther Won't Go Next". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on July 9, 2021. Retrieved July 2, 2021.
26. ^ Burroughs, p. 12.
27. ^ Culver, p. 23-29.
28. ^ Culver, p. 29.
29. ^ a b Culver, p. 39.
30. ^ Culver, p. 39, 43.
31. ^ a b Sacks, Jason. "Panther's Rage: The First Marvel Graphic Novel". Fanboy Planet. Archived from the original on July 4, 2008.
32. ^ Qiana J. Whitted, "Volume Introduction," in McGregor, et al., xxix.
33. ^ Culver, p. 48.
34. ^ McGregor, Don. "Panther's Chronicles" (introduction), Marvel Masterworks: The Black Panther Vol. 1 (Marvel Worldwide, 2010), pp. xii–xii (unnumbered).
35. ^ McDuffie, Dwayne (n.d.). "To Be Continued". (column #3), Dwayne McDuffie official site. Archived from the original on December 8, 2010. Retrieved October 9, 2011.
36. ^ Qiana J. Whitted, "Volume Introduction," in McGregor, et al., p. xxx-xxxi.
37. ^ Stewart, Tom (April 2008). "The Blackest Panther: Don McGregor in the Jungles of Wakanda". Back Issue! (#27). TwoMorrows Publishing: 57–61.57-61&rft.date=2008-04&rft.aulast=Stewart&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Black+Panther+(character)" class="Z3988">
38. ^ Culver, p. 57.
39. ^ Stewart, Tom (April 2008). "Jungle Adventure! Jack Kirby Arrives". Back Issue! (27). TwoMorrows Publishing: 62.
40. ^ Black Panther, Marvel, 1977 Series Archived May 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine at the Grand Comics Database
41. ^ Culver, p. 61.
42. ^ Culver, p. 69.
43. ^ a b Culver, p. 70.
44. ^ Culver, p. 72-73.
45. ^ Burroughs, 35.
46. ^ Culver, p. 76.
47. ^ a b Culver, p. 87.
48. ^ Burroughs, p. 60.
49. ^ Burroughs, p. 39.
50. ^ Christopher Priest, introduction to Black Panther: The Client TPB, reprinted in Black Panther: The Complete Collection: Volume 1, 2016.
51. ^ Darowski, p. 133-134.
52. ^ a b c Burroughs, p. 56.
53. ^ a b "Panther God (Black Panther character/Egyptian God)". www.marvunapp.com. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
54. ^ Sacks, Ethan (March 19, 2002). "The unsung heroes: Blade & Co. help to close racial divide". Daily News.
55. ^ Christopher Priest, "The Story Thus Far," introduction to Black Panther: The Client TPB, reprinted in Black Panther: The Complete Collection volume 1, 2016
56. ^ a b "Panther by Priest," interview of Christopher Priest by Jess Harrold, included in Black Panther by Reginald Hudlin: The Complete Collection vol. 3, 2018.
57. ^ Rich Sands, "Diversity of Perspective," Black Panther: Los Angeles Times Special Edition, p. 18.
58. ^ Dandeneau, Jim (2018-02-28). "Best Black Panther Comics: An Essential Reading Guide". Den of Geek. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
59. ^ Wolk, p. 207, 219.
60. ^ Darowski, p. 146.
61. ^ Burroughs, p. 127.
62. ^ Burroughs, p. 128-130.
63. ^ a b Culver, p. 109.
64. ^ Black Panther, Marvel, Marvel Knights imprint, 2005 Series Archived March 15, 2011, at the Wayback Machine at the Grand Comics Database
65. ^ Burroughs, p. 106.
66. ^ a b Davenport, Misha (February 2, 2005). "A superhero reinvented for hip-hop generation". Chicago Sun-Times.
67. ^ Burroughs, p. 109.
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70. ^ "Top 300 Comics Actual--February 2005". ICv2. March 23, 2005. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
71. ^ Burroughs, p. 114.
72. ^ Culver, p. 114-116.
73. ^ Bukatman, p. 110
74. ^ Culver, p. 116.
75. ^ Wolk, p. 223-224.
76. ^ Burroughs, p. 202.
77. ^ Bukatman, p. 41.
78. ^ Culver, p. 119.
79. ^ Wiacek, p. 140-141.
80. ^ Reginald Hudlin, "The Black Panther: A Historical Overview and a Look to the Future," reprinted in Black Panther: The Complete Collection by Reginald Hudlin, vol. 1, 2017.
81. ^ a b Culver, p. 120.
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85. ^ Wiacek, p. 31.
86. ^ Burroughs, p. 138.
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89. ^ Culver, p. 132.
90. ^ a b Culver, p. 134.
91. ^ Culver, p. 147.
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93. ^ Culver, p. 161.
94. ^ Culver, p. 163.
95. ^ Burroughs, p. 145.
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97. ^ "Top 100 Comics: April 2016". Diamond Comic Distributors. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
98. ^ "Comichron: April 2016 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops". Comichron. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
99. ^ "Top 300 Comics Actual--April 2016". ICv2. May 16, 2016. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
100. ^ "Top 100 Comics: May 2016". Diamond Comic Distributors. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
101. ^ "Comichron: May 2016 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops". Comichron. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
102. ^ "Top 300 Comics Actual--May 2016". ICv2. June 13, 2016. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
103. ^ Jones, Alexander (2016-04-08). "The Marvel Rundown: The Battle for Wakanda Begins as Readers Discover the Origin of a Fan-Favorite Star Wars hero". ComicsBeat. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
104. ^ Schedeen, Jesse (2016-04-04). "Black Panther #1 Review". IGN. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
105. ^ Jones, Alexander (2016-05-12). "The Marvel Rundown: Is Ta-Nehisi Coates' Black Panther Too Opaque to Love?". ComicsBeat. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
106. ^ Schedeen, Jesse; Hunt, Levi (2016-05-12). "Comic Book Reviews for May 11, 2016". IGN. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
107. ^ Burroughs, p. 154-155.
108. ^ Burroughs, p. 154.
109. ^ Butler, Stuart (2006). Benin: The Bradt Travel Guide. Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-148-7.
110. ^ Michael Hoskin, Anthony Flamini, Eric J. Moreels & Stuart Vandal (w). Marvel Atlas, no. 2 (May 2008). Marvel Comics.
111. ^ Darowski, p. 215.
112. ^ "Nnedi Okorafor will write Black Panther stories for Marvel". CNN. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
113. ^ Sava, Oliver (February 15, 2018). "Iconic creators return to Wakanda in this Black Panther Annual exclusive". The A.V. Club. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018.
114. ^ Bukatman, p. 41.
115. ^ "Top 100 Comics: May 2018". Diamond Comic Distributors. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
116. ^ "Comichron: May 2018 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops". Comichron. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
117. ^ "Top 500 Comics--May 2018". ICv2. June 18, 2018. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
118. ^ Vestal, Oliver (May 23, 2018). "Finding Yourself Lost in BLACK PANTHER #1". ComicsVerse.
119. ^ Schedeen, Jesse (2018-05-23). "Marvel's Fresh Start Reinvigorates Black Panther (Black Panther #1 Review)". IGN. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
120. ^ Gustines, George Gene (2021-05-18). "Marvel Announces a New Black Panther Series". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2021-12-28. Retrieved 2021-05-18.
121. ^ "Comichron: November 2021 Comic Book Sales to Comics Shops by Diamond". Comichron. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
122. ^ Tabu, Hannibal (2021-12-05). "Black Panther #1 Review: A Lane All His Own". Bleeding Cool. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
123. ^ Adams, Tim (November 24, 2021). "Comic Book Reviews for This Week: 11/24/2021". ComicBook.com. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
124. ^ O'Rourke, Ryan (2022-07-09). "New 'Wakanda' Comic Series Sees Shuri, Killmonger, and More Defend the Nation". Collider. Archived from the original on September 22, 2022. Retrieved 2022-07-13.
125. ^ Mishra, Shrishty (2022-08-06). "'Black Panther: Unconquered' Comic to Bring Forth Secrets of Wakanda". Collider. Archived from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
126. ^ "Marvel's Black Panther Series Relaunches With Eve L. Ewing and Chris Allen (Exclusive)". Comics. January 18, 2023. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
127. ^ "Top 50 Comics - June 2023". ICv2. July 7, 2023. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
128. ^ "June 2023 Single Issue Comic Book Sales Rankings". ComicBookRevolution.com. July 18, 2023. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
129. ^ Rose, Hannah (June 15, 2023). "REVIEW: Marvel's Black Panther #1". Comic Book Resources. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
130. ^ Ridgely, Charlie (June 14, 2023). "Comic Book Reviews for This Week: 6/14/2023". ComicBook.com. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
131. ^ JESSE SCHEDEEN (October 16, 2023). "Marvel Comics Reveals the New Ultimate Universe - New York Comic-Con 2023". IGN. Retrieved October 19, 2023.
132. ^ Black Panther vol. 4 #2
133. ^ Black Panther vol. 4 #14
134. ^ Biographical timeline included in Wiacek, p. 12.
135. ^ Fantastic Four #52–53 (July – August 1966)
136. ^ Cronin, Brian (September 19, 2010). "A Year of Cool Comics—Day 262". Comics Should Be Good! @ Comic Book Resources. Comic Book Resources CSBG Archive. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
137. ^ Fantastic Four Annual #5 (1967)
138. ^ The Avengers #52 (May 1968)
139. ^ Englehart, Steve; Brown, Bob (August 1974). "All the Sounds and Sights of Death!". The Avengers (#126).
140. ^ Black Panther: Panther's Prey #1–4 (May – October 1991)
141. ^ Black Panther vol. 3 #20 (July 2000)
142. ^ Black Panther vol. 3 #24 (November 2000)
143. ^ Black Panther vol. 3 #49 (November 2002)
144. ^ Wiacek, p. 15.
145. ^ Black Panther vol. 4 #14-15
146. ^ Black Panther vol. 4 #35–37
147. ^ Black Panther vol. 5 #1–2
148. ^ Black Panther vol. 5 #2–7
149. ^ Black Panther vol. 5 #8
150. ^ Hickman, Jonathan (w), Camuncoli, Giuseppe (p), Kesel, Karl (i). "City of the Dead" Fantastic Four, no. 608 (July 18, 2012). Marvel Comics.
151. ^ Bendis, Brian Michael (w), Kubert, Adam (p), Dell, John (i). "Avengers Vs. X-Men (Part Eight)" Avengers vs. X-Men, vol. 1, no. 8 (July 18, 2012). Marvel Comics.
152. ^ Aaron, Jason (w), Kubert, Adam (p), Dell, John (i). "Avengers Vs. X-Men (Part Nine)" Avengers vs. X-Men, no. 9 (August 1, 2012). Marvel Comics.
153. ^ The Ultimates vol. 2 #1. Marvel Comics.
154. ^ Captain Marvel vol. 9 #6 (2016). Marvel Comics.
155. ^ Marvel Legacy #1. Marvel Comics.
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157. ^ Reginald Hundlin, Black Panther (2005) #2.
158. ^ Black Panther Complete Collection by Christopher Priest vol 1., emphasized in interview with Priest.
159. ^ Black Panther by Reginald Hudlin vol. 2
160. ^ Ta Nehisi Coates, Black Panther and the Crew.
161. ^ Rich Sands, "Diversity of Perspective," Black Panther: Los Angeles Times Special Edition, p. 21.
162. ^ Wiacek, p. 16
163. ^ Wiacek, p. 22-23.
164. ^ Bukatman, p. 30.
165. ^ J. Scott Jordan, "Exploring the Hidden Kingdoms of Assumption," interview with Christopher Priest, in Black Panther Psychology: Hidden Kingdoms, ed. Travis Langley and Alex Simmons, Sterling, 2019, p.114
166. ^ Burroughs, p. 1, 2
167. ^ Bukatman, p. 13
168. ^ Burroughs, p. 5.
169. ^ Qiana J. Witted, "Volume Introduction," Black Panther by Don McGregor, Rich Buckler, Billy Graham, Stan Lee, Jack Kirby, Penguin Books, 2022.
170. ^ Adilifu Nama, Super Black: American Pop Culture and Black Superheroes, Austin: University of Texas Press, 2011, p. 42
171. ^ Nnedi Okorafor, foreword, in McGregor, et al., p. xix-xx.
172. ^ Qiana J. Whitted, in McGregor, et al. p. xxxiii.
173. ^ Burroughs, p. 20.
174. ^ Christopher Priest, "Panther by Priest," interview included in Black Panther by Reginald Hudlin: The Complete Collection vol. 3, 2018.
175. ^ Don McGregor, Billy Graham and Klaus Janson, Jungle Action #11, Sept. 1974.
176. ^ Christopher Priest, Black Panther (1998) #11, September 1999.
177. ^ Christopher Priest, Black Panther (1998) #18 and Black Panther (1998) #20.
178. ^ Wiacek, p. 30.
179. ^ Wiacek, p. 40-41.
180. ^ Wiacek, p. 34-36
181. ^ "The religion of Black Panther (T'Challa)". Adherents.com. Archived from the original on April 22, 2006.
182. ^ Dodge, John (2022-09-06). "The First Black Panther's Death Explains Wakanda's Oldest Truth". CBR. Retrieved 2022-11-09.
183. ^ The Mighty Thor vol. 2 #7. Marvel Comics.
184. ^ King Thor #4. Marvel Comics.
185. ^ "Reign At Dusk, Part 6" Black Panther (vol. 9), no. 6 (November 2023). Marvel Comics.
186. ^ Wakanda, no. 5 (January 2023). Marvel Comics.
187. ^ "Black Panther (Azzuri the Wise) Powers, Enemies, History | Marvel". Marvel Entertainment. Retrieved 2023-01-30.
188. ^ Black Panther/Captain America: Flags of Our Fathers #1-4 (2010)
189. ^ a b Black Panther vol. 4 #2 (May 2005).
190. ^ Marvel Comics Presents #13–37 (February – December 1989)
191. ^ Fantastic Four #52 (July 1966)
192. ^ Black Panther/Captain America: Flags of Our Fathers #1, giugno 2010.
193. ^ Avengers 1959 #1–5 (December 2011 – March 2012)
194. ^ Fantastic Four #53 (August 1966)
195. ^ Priest, Christopher (2015). Black Panther by Christopher Priest: The Complete Collection TPB Vol 1 #1. Marvel. ISBN 978-0785192671.
196. ^ Hudlin, Reginald (2008). Black Panther: Back to Africa TPB Vol 1 #1. Marvel. ISBN 978-0785124528.
197. ^ Black Panther vol. 5 #1–2, (April – May 2009)
198. ^ Wiacek, p. 116-117.
199. ^ Wiacek, p. 36-37.
200. ^ Wiacek, p. 122.
201. ^ Wiacek, p. 42.
202. ^ Chaudhry, Anubhav (March 1, 2023). "The groundbreaking legacy of Marvel's first black superhero: The Black Panther". Sportskeeda. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
203. ^ Bradley, Laura (2018-11-12). "Stan Lee's Most Iconic Characters". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 2023-02-12.
204. ^ Blunden, Fred (2017-03-17). "25 Greatest Comic Book Heroes, Ranked". Screen Rant. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
205. ^ "The 100 Best Marvel Characters Ranked: 20-1". The A.V. Club. 2022-07-08. Archived from the original on August 3, 2022. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
206. ^ Darowski, Joseph (2020). The Ages of Black Panther: Essays on the King of Wakanda. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. pp. i. ISBN 978-1476675220.
207. ^ Franich, Darren (April 29, 2015). "Let's Rank Every Avenger Ever". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2022-11-10.
208. ^ "The 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time (Nos. 80–71)". Wizard. May 20, 2008. Archived from the original on May 26, 2008.
209. ^ Lee, Janet W. (2020-09-24). "'Black Panther' Mural With Chadwick Boseman Unveiled at Disneyland". Variety. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
210. ^ Hipes, Patrick (2020-09-24). "Chadwick Boseman Mural Unveiled At Anaheim's Downtown Disney". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
211. ^ Carras, Christi (September 24, 2020). "Powerful mural tribute to Chadwick Boseman unveiled at Downtown Disney". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
212. ^ "Madame Tussauds London unveils first ever Black Panther figure with the help of Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang". Madame Tussauds London. May 14, 2021. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
213. ^ "Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang helps welcome Black Panther to Madame Tussauds". itv.com. May 14, 2021.
214. ^ "Black Panther waxwork model unveiled at Madame Tussauds". British Broadcasting Corporation. May 16, 2021. Retrieved 2023-07-30.
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216. ^ "Costumes.com Shares Top Costumes for Pets, Kids and Adults in 2022". GlobeNewswire News Room. October 4, 2022. Retrieved 2023-03-13.
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219. ^ McClintock, Pamela (2018-03-24). "Box Office: 'Black Panther' Becomes Top-Grossing Superhero Film of All Time in U.S." The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
220. ^ McClintock, Pamela (2018-04-30). "'Avengers: Infinity War' Box Office: What Fueled the Movie's Record Opening". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
221. ^ Mendelson, Scott (March 25, 2018). "Box Office: 'Black Panther' Tops 'Last Jedi' And 'Avengers'". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
222. ^ Easter, Make (March 21, 2018). "'Black Panther' breaks another record, becoming the most tweeted-about film of all time". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2023-03-26.
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### Bibliography

[edit]

* Bukatman, Scott (2022). Black Panther. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-1-4773-2535-3.
* Burroughs, Todd Steven (2018). Marvel's Black Panther: A Comic Book Biography from Stan Lee to Ta-Nehisi Coates. Diasporic Africa Press. ISBN 978-1-937306-64-9.
* Culver, Dennis (2018). Black Panther: The Illustrated History of a King. Insight Comics. ISBN 978-1-68383-185-3.
* Darowski, Joseph J., ed. (2020). The Ages of the Black Panther: Essays on the King of Wakanda in Comic Books. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1476-67522-0.
* Los Angeles Times Special Edition: Black Panther (2023).
* McGregor, Don, Rich Buckler, Billy Graham, Stan Lee, and Jack Kirby. Black Panther. Penguin Classics. ISBN 978-0-14-313580-7.
* Priest, Christopher. Black Panther: The Complete Collection: Volume 1, 2016.
* Wiacek, Stephen "Win" (2018). Black Panther: The Ultimate Guide. DK. ISBN 978-1-4654-6626-6.
* Wolk, Douglas (2021). All of the Marvels: A Journey to the Ends of the Biggest Story Ever Told. Penguin Press.

## External links

[edit]

* The Origin of Black Panther and Wakanda
* Black Panther (character) series listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database

* v
* t
* e

Black Panther

* Stan Lee
* Jack Kirby

Black Panthers|

* T'Chaka
* T'Challa
* Kasper Cole
* Shuri

Supporting characters|

* Ant-Man
* Hank Pym
* Bast
* Captain America
* Dora Milaje
* Eden Fesi
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* Hulk
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* White Wolf
* Winter Soldier

Teams|

* Avengers
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* S.H.I.E.L.D.
* Ultimates

Antagonists|

* Achebe
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* Hand
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* Namor
* Radioactive Man
* Rhino
* Sons of the Serpent
* Tetu
* Venomm
* White Wolf
* Zenzi

Publications|

* Jungle Action
* Marvel Comics Presents
* Black Panther and The Crew
* World of Wakanda
* Ultimate Black Panther

Storylines|

* "Doomwar"
* "Blood Hunt"

In other media|

* Black Panther (TV series)
* Avengers: Black Panther's Quest
* Lego Marvel Super Heroes - Black Panther: Trouble in Wakanda
* Marvel Multiverse Role-Playing Game
* Marvel 1943: Rise of Hydra

| Marvel Cinematic Universe|

* Black Panther (film)
* accolades
* soundtrack
* Black Panther: Wakanda Forever
* accolades
* soundtrack
* Eyes of Wakanda
* T'Challa
* Shuri

|

Related articles|

* Coal Tiger
* Vibranium
* T'Channa
* Wakanda

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Avengers characters

Founding
members|

* Ant-Man (Hank Pym)
* Captain America
* Hulk
* Iron Man
* Thor
* Wasp (Janet van Dyne)

Recurring
members|

* 3-D Man
* Agent Venom
* Ant-Man
* Scott Lang
* Eric O'Grady
* Ares
* Beast
* Black Cat
* Black Knight
* Black Panther
* Black Widow
* Claire Voyant
* Natasha Romanova
* Blade
* Blue Marvel
* Brother Voodoo
* Cable
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* Captain Britain
* Brian Braddock
* Kelsey Leigh Kirkland
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* Monica Rambeau
* Carol Danvers
* Crystal
* Daredevil
* Deadpool
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* Echo
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* Mister Fantastic
* Invisible Woman
* Human Torch
* Thing
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* Ghost Rider (Robbie Reyes)
* Gilgamesh
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* Human Torch
* Iron Fist
* Jack of Hearts
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* Manifold
* Mantis
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* Moon Knight
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* Namor
* Namora
* Nebula
* Nova
* Richard Rider
* Sam Alexander
* Protector
* Quake
* Quasar
* Quicksilver
* Red Hulk
* Rogue
* Scarlet Witch
* Sentry
* Sersi
* Shang-Chi
* She-Hulk
* Spider-Man
* Peter Parker
* Miles Morales
* Spider-Woman
* Jessica Drew
* Julia Carpenter
* Starfox
* Stingray
* Storm
* Sunspot
* Swordsman
* Thor (Jane Foster)
* Tigra
* Thunderstrike
* U.S. Agent
* Valkyrie
* Vision
* War Machine
* Wasp (Nadia van Dyne)
* Winter Soldier
* White Tiger
* Wolverine
* Wonder Man

Other
characters|

| Supporting
characters|

* Agent 13
* Asgardians
* Balder the Brave
* Eitri
* Frigga
* Heimdall
* Sif
* Odin
* Warriors Three
* Fandral
* Hogun
* Volstagg
* Aunt May
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* Betty Ross
* Daily Bugle
* Betty Brant
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* Doc Samson
* Dora Milaje
* Nakia
* Okoye
* Edwin Jarvis
* Erik Selvig
* Fabian Stankowicz
* Guardsman
* Happy Hogan
* H.E.R.B.I.E.
* John Jameson
* Marrina Smallwood
* Mary Jane Watson
* Pepper Potts
* Rick Jones
* Shuri
* Wong

|

Allies|

* Alpha Flight
* Champions
* The Challenger
* Citizen V
* Defenders
* Eternals
* Ajak
* Druig
* Gilgamesh
* Ikaris
* Kingo Sunen
* Makkari
* Phastos
* Sersi
* Sprite
* Thena
* Fantastic Four
* Mister Fantastic
* Invisible Woman
* Human Torch
* Thing
* Guardians of the Galaxy
* Drax the Destroyer
* Gamora
* Groot
* Mantis
* Nebula
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* Star-Lord
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* Gorgon
* Karnak
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* Medusa
* Triton
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* Midnight Sons
* Elsa Bloodstone
* Morbius
* Werewolf by Night
* New Warriors
* Red Raven
* S.H.I.E.L.D.
* Maria Hill
* Nick Fury
* Phil Coulson
* Silver Surfer
* Time Variance Authority
* Thunderbolts
* Atlas
* Fixer
* Ghost
* MACH-I
* Moonstone
* Songbird
* Uatu the Watcher
* Ultraforce
* Prime
* The Whizzer
* Robert Frank
* The Witness
* X-Men
* Angel
* Banshee
* Beast
* Colossus
* Cyclops
* Gambit
* Havok
* Iceman
* Jean Grey (Phoenix)
* Jubilee
* Kitty Pryde
* Nightcrawler
* Professor X
* Rogue
* Storm
* Wolverine

Neutral allies|

* Elektra
* Ghost Rider (Johnny Blaze)
* Henry Peter Gyrich
* Punisher
* Ronin
* Sandman
* Squadron Supreme
* Hyperion
* Thunderbolt Ross
* Venom
* Yelena Belova

Enemies|

| Central
rogues|

* Baron Zemo
* Heinrich Zemo
* Helmut Zemo
* Blood Brothers
* Collector
* Count Nefaria
* Doctor Doom
* Dormammu
* Dracula
* Enchantress
* Galactus
* Grandmaster
* Graviton
* Green Goblin
* Norman Osborn
* Grim Reaper
* High Evolutionary
* The Hood
* Kang the Conqueror
* Loki
* Magneto
* Mephisto
* MODOK
* Onslaught
* Radioactive Man
* Ronan the Accuser
* Red Skull
* Super-Adaptoid
* Taskmaster
* Thanos
* Ultron

|

Other
supervillains|

* Annihilus
* Ares
* Arkon
* Attuma
* Baron Strucker
* Beyonder
* Carnage
* Crossbones
* Doctor Octopus
* Egghead
* Ghaur
* Grey Gargoyle
* Griffin
* Klaw
* Knull
* Korvac
* Leader
* Mandarin
* Master Pandemonium
* Maximus
* Mentallo
* Morgan le Fay
* Powderkeg
* Ravonna
* Super-Skrull
* Veranke
* Whirlwind

Organizations|

* Acolytes
* A.I.M.
* Black Order
* Brotherhood of Mutants
* Celestials
* Chitauri
* Dark Avengers
* Enclave
* Frightful Four
* H.A.M.M.E.R.
* The Hand
* Hydra
* Kree
* Legion of the Unliving
* Lethal Legion
* Maggia
* Masters of Evil
* Mindless Ones
* Secret Empire
* Serpent Society
* Sinister Six
* Skrulls
* Sons of the Serpent
* Squadron Sinister
* Symbiotes
* U-Foes
* Wrecking Crew
* Zodiac

Alternative
versions|

| Alternate versions
of the Avengers|

* A-Force
* A-Next
* Agents of Atlas
* Avengers A.I.
* Avengers Academy
* Dark Avengers
* Force Works
* Great Lakes Avengers
* Mighty Avengers
* New Avengers
* Members
* Secret Avengers
* Ultimates
* Members
* Uncanny Avengers
* U.S.Avengers
* West Coast Avengers
* Members
* Young Avengers

|

Marvel Cinematic
Universe|

* Bruce Banner
* Clint Barton
* Carol Danvers
* Nick Fury
* J.A.R.V.I.S.
* Scott Lang
* Wanda Maximoff
* Nebula
* Peter Parker
* James Rhodes
* Rocket
* Natasha Romanoff
* Steve Rogers
* Xu Shang-Chi
* Tony Stark
* Thor
* Vision
* Sam Wilson

Others|

* Captain America
* Iron Man
* Thor

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Fantastic Four

* Stan Lee
* Jack Kirby

Members|

| Original members|

* Mister Fantastic
* Invisible Woman
* Human Torch
* Thing

|

Notable recruits|

* Ant-Man
* Black Panther
* Crystal
* Devil Dinosaur
* Ghost Rider
* Hulk
* Iceman
* Medusa
* Moon Girl
* Ms. Marvel/She-Thing
* Namorita
* Nova
* Power Man
* She-Hulk
* Spider-Man
* Storm
* Tigra
* Wolverine

Supporting|

| Supporting cast|

* Agatha Harkness
* Alicia Masters
* Avengers
* Bishop
* Deadpool
* Doctor Strange
* Franklin Richards
* Franklin Storm
* Gladiator
* H.E.R.B.I.E.
* Inhumans
* Black Bolt
* Medusa
* Karnak
* Gorgon
* Triton
* Crystal
* Lockjaw
* Lyja
* Namor
* Nathaniel Richards
* Silver Surfer
* Spider-Man
* Thundra
* Time Variance Authority
* Uatu the Watcher
* Valeria Richards
* Willie Lumpkin
* Wyatt Wingfoot
* X-Men
* Yancy Street Gang

|

Superhero allies|

* Ant-Man
* Hank Pym
* Scott Lang
* Avengers
* Black Panther
* Black Widow
* Captain America
* Daredevil
* Ghost Rider/Danny Ketch
* Hawkeye
* Hulk
* Iron Man
* Nick Fury
* S.H.I.E.L.D.
* Spider-Man
* Thor
* Wolverine
* X-Men

Enemies|

| Central antagonists|

* Annihilus
* Doctor Doom
* Ego the Living Planet
* Galactus
* Impossible Man
* Kang the Conqueror
* Klaw
* Mad Thinker
* Maker
* Maximus
* Mole Man
* Molecule Man
* Namor
* Psycho-Man
* Puppet Master
* Red Ghost
* Ronan the Accuser
* Super-Skrull
* Supreme Intelligence
* Terrax
* Thanos
* Trapster
* Wizard

|

Other supervillains|

* Air-Walker
* Attuma
* Awesome Android
* Beyonder
* Blastaar
* Devos the Devastator
* Diablo
* Electro
* Firelord
* Graviton
* Hate-Monger
* Hydro-Man
* Kala
* Kristoff Vernard
* Knull
* Master Pandemonium
* Mephisto
* Miracle Man
* Nicholas Scratch
* Occulus
* Onslaught
* Overmind
* Paibok
* Sandman
* Sphinx
* Stardust
* Titania

Organizations|

* A.I.M.
* Black Order
* Celestials
* Chitauri
* Doombots
* Enclave
* Frightful Four
* Hydra
* Kree
* Mindless Ones
* Salem's Seven
* Skrulls
* Wrecking Crew

Locations|

* Baxter Building
* Four Freedoms Plaza
* Latveria
* Negative Zone

Publications|

| Current|

* Fantastic Four

|

Previous|

* Fantastic Force
* FF
* Marvel Knights 4
* Marvel Two-in-One
* Super-Villain Team-Up
* The Thing

Limited|

* Fantastic Four: 1234
* Fantastic Four: The End
* Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four

Other
continuities|

* Doom 2099
* Fantastic Five
* Fantastic Four: Unstable Molecules
* Fantastic Four 2099
* Marvel 1602: Fantastick Four
* Superman/Fantastic Four
* Ultimate Fantastic Four

Storylines|

* "The Galactus Trilogy"
* "This Man... This Monster!"
* "Days of Future Present"
* "Reckoning War"
* "Contest of Chaos"
* "A.X.E.: Judgment Day"
* "Blood Hunt"

Related articles|

* Doctor Doom's Fearfall
* Fantastic Four Incorporated
* Fantastic Four in popular media
* Fantasticar
* Future Foundation
* Ultimate Fantastic Four story arcs
* Unstable molecules

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Ka-Zar

* Stan Lee
* Jack Kirby

Supporting characters|

* Avengers
* Black Panther
* Devil Dinosaur
* Dinah Soar
* Hiro-Kala
* Moon-Boy
* Moon Girl
* Reptil
* Shanna the She-Devil
* Skaar
* X-Men
* Zabu

Enemies|

* Belasco
* Garokk
* Gemini
* Klaw
* Kraven the Hunter
* Lorelei
* Plunderer
* Sauron
* Savage Land Mutates
* Stegron the Dinosaur Man

Related articles|

* Ka-Zar (David Rand)
* magazine
* Savage Land

* v
* t
* e

Ultimates

* Al Ewing
* Kenneth Rocafort
* Travel Foreman

Members|

* Blue Marvel
* Black Panther
* Spectrum
* America Chavez
* Captain Marvel

Allies|

* Giant-Man
* Galactus
* S.H.I.E.L.D.

Antagonists|

* HYDRA
* Lord Chaos
* Maker
* Master Order
* Thanos

* v
* t
* e

Jack Kirby

Bibliography

Marvel Comics|

* 2001: A Space Odyssey
* Absorbing Man
* Adam Warlock
* Agatha Harkness
* Alicia Masters
* Amazing Adventures
* Annihilus
* Ant-Man / Giant-Man
* Hank Pym
* Arnim Zola
* Asgard
* Astonishing Tales
* Attuma
* Avengers
* Avengers Mansion
* Awesome Android
* Balder
* Baron Strucker
* Baron Zemo
* Heinrich Zemo
* Batroc the Leaper
* Baxter Building
* Betsy Ross
* Betty Ross
* Black Panther
* Blastaar
* Blob
* Boomerang
* Brotherhood of Mutants
* Bucky
* Bucky Barnes
* Captain America
* shield
* Celestial
* Cerebro
* Circus of Crime
* Cosmic Cube
* Crusaders
* Cyttorak
* Daily Bugle
* Danger Room
* Deviant
* Devil Dinosaur
* Destroyer
* Diablo
* Doctor Doom
* Doctor Druid
* Doctor Faustus
* Doughboy
* Dragon Man
* Dredmund the Druid
* Egghead
* Ego the Living Planet
* Enchantress
* Enclave
* Erik Josten
* Eternals
* Ajak
* Druig
* Forgotten One
* Ikaris
* Kingo Sunen
* Makkari
* Sersi
* Sprite
* Thena
* Zuras
* Executioner
* Fafnir
* Fantastic Four
* Human Torch
* Invisible Woman
* Mister Fantastic
* Thing
* Fenris Wolf
* Fin Fang Foom
* Fixer
* Forbush Man
* Franklin Richards
* Franklin Storm
* Frightful Four
* Galactus
* Gargoyle
* Giants
* Giganto
* Goom
* Grey Gargoyle
* Groot
* Growing Man
* H.E.R.B.I.E.
* Hate-Monger
* Heimdall
* Hela
* Helicarrier
* High Evolutionary
* Hippolyta
* Hulk
* Hulk Robot
* Human Cannonball
* HYDRA
* Immortus
* Impossible Man
* Inhumans
* Black Bolt
* Crystal
* Gorgon
* Karnak
* Lockjaw
* Maximus
* Medusa
* Triton
* Iron Man
* armor
* It! The Living Colossus
* Jane Foster
* Jasper Sitwell
* Journey into Mystery
* Juggernaut
* Ka-Zar
* Kala
* Kang the Conqueror
* Karkas
* Karnilla
* Klaw
* Krang
* Kree
* Ronan the Accuser
* Sentry
* Supreme Intelligence
* Kro
* Latveria
* Laufey
* Loki
* Lucifer
* Machine Man
* Mad Thinker
* Magneto
* Man-Beast
* Mangog
* Marvel Fireside Books
* Masters of Evil
* Mentallo
* Miracle Man
* MODOK
* Mole Man
* Molecule Man
* Monsteroso
* Moon-Boy
* Mastermind (Jason Wyngarde)
* Mutants
* Negative Zone
* New Men
* Nick Fury
* Norn Stones
* Odin
* Olympians
* Ares
* Athena
* Hera
* Hercules
* Hermes
* Pluto
* Zeus
* Painter
* Peggy Carter
* Peepers
* Plunderer
* Power Broker
* Psycho-Man
* Puppet Master
* Quicksilver
* Radioactive Man
* Randall Darby
* Rawhide Kid
* Red Ghost
* Red Skull
* Resistants
* Rick Jones
* Ringmaster
* S.H.I.E.L.D.
* Savage Land
* Scarlet Witch
* Scorpion
* Secret Empire
* Sentinel
* Master Mold
* Bolivar Trask
* Sharon Carter
* Sif
* Silver Surfer
* Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos
* Dum Dum Dugan
* Gabe Jones
* Happy Sam Sawyer
* Howling Commandos
* Junior Juniper
* Pinky Pinkerton
* Rebel Ralston
* Skrull
* Dorrek VII
* Morrat
* Super-Skrull
* Sleeper
* Stark Industries
* Stark Tower
* Tales of Suspense
* Tales to Astonish
* Stranger
* Super-Adaptoid
* Surtur
* T'Chaka
* The Galactus Trilogy
* The Incredible Hulk
* This Man... This Monster!
* Thor
* Mjolnir
* Thunderbolt Ross
* Toad
* Trapster
* Tricephalous
* Trolls
* Tumbler
* Two-Gun Kid
* Tyr
* Tyrannus
* Ulik
* Ultimate Nullifier
* Uncanny X-Men
* Unicorn
* Unus the Untouchable
* Vanisher
* Vision (Timely Comics)
* Wakanda
* Warriors Three
* Fandral
* Hogun
* Volstagg
* Wasp
* Watchers
* Uatu
* Whirlwind
* Willie Lumpkin
* Wizard
* Wonder Man
* Wong-Chu
* Wrecker
* Wyatt Wingfoot
* X-Mansion
* X-Men
* Angel
* Beast
* Cyclops
* Iceman
* Marvel Girl
* Professor X
* Yancy Street Gang
* Ymir
* Young Allies
* Zabu
* Zarrko

DC Comics|

* 1st Issue Special
* Agent Axis
* Anti-Life Equation
* Apokolips
* Darkseid
* DeSaad
* Devilance
* Doctor Bedlam
* Female Furies
* Bernadeth
* Lashina
* Stompa
* Glorious Godfrey
* Granny Goodness
* Kalibak
* Kanto
* Mantis
* Steppenwolf
* Virman Vundabar
* Atlas
* Black Racer
* Boy Commandos
* Bruno Mannheim
* Challengers of the Unknown
* Red Ryan
* Crazy Quilt
* Dan Turpin
* Dingbats of Danger Street
* Dubbilex
* Etrigan the Demon
* Fourth World
* Funky Flashman
* Global Peace Agency
* OMAC
* Guardian
* House of Secrets
* Infinity-Man
* Intergang
* Kamandi
* Klarion the Witch Boy
* Kobra
* Manhunter
* Paul Kirk
* Mark Shaw
* Manhunters
* Metron
* Morgan Edge
* Morgaine le Fey
* Mother Box
* Mr. Scarlet
* Newsboy Legion
* New Gods
* New Genesis
* Bekka
* Big Barda
* Forager
* Forever People
* Highfather
* Lightray
* Mister Miracle
* Orion
* Oberon
* Project Cadmus
* Sandman (Garrett Sanford)
* Shilo Norman
* Sonny Sumo
* Source
* Star Spangled Comics
* Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen
* Super Powers
* Weird Mystery Tales

Other|

* Black Magic
* Boys' Ranch
* Captain 3-D
* Captain Victory and the Galactic Rangers
* Destroyer Duck
* The Double Life of Private Strong
* Fighting American
* The Fly
* Headline Comics (For The American Boy)
* Jack Kirby's Galactic Bounty Hunters
* Justice Traps the Guilty
* The Kirbyverse
* My Date Comics
* Our Fighting Forces
* Secret City Saga
* Silver Star
* Sky Masters
* Street Code
* Young Love
* Young Romance

Television work|

* Centurions
* Goldie Gold and Action Jack
* Mister T
* Thundarr the Barbarian

Related articles|

* Kirby Krackle
* Stan Lee
* Joe Simon
* Mainline Publications
* Kirby: Genesis
* Kirby: King of Comics

Category

* v
* t
* e

Stan Lee

Media

| Titles|

* Backstreet Project
* Heroes for Hope
* How to Draw Comics the Marvel Way
* Just Imagine...
* Marvel Fireside Books
* Sgt. Fury and his Howling Commandos
* Stan Lee's God Woke
* The Amazing Spider-Man
* The Incredible Hulk
* The Sensational Spider-Man
* Ultimo
* Uncanny X-Men

|

Storylines|

* "Astonishing Tales"
* "Epic Illustrated"
* "Marvel Super-Heroes"
* "Green Goblin Reborn!"
* "If This Be My Destiny...!"
* "Snafu"
* "Stan Lee Meets..."
* "The Galactus Trilogy"
* "The Six Arms Saga"
* "This Man... This Monster!"
* "Venus"

Shows|

* Heroman
* Stan Lee's Superhumans
* Stan Lee's World of Heroes
* Stan Lee's Lucky Man
* Stripperella
* The Reflection
* Who Wants to Be a Superhero?
* Who Wants to Be a Superhero? (U.K. TV series)

Films|

* The Comic Book Greats
* Stan Lee's Mutants, Monsters & Marvels
* The Condor
* Lightspeed
* Mosaic

Related|

* Joan Boocock Lee (wife)
* Larry Lieber (brother)
* List of cameos
* Stan Lee Foundation
* Stan Lee Media
* productions
* Stan Lee's LA Comic Con
* POW! Entertainment

Created

| Characters|

| Heroes|

* Ant-Man / Giant-Man
* Hank Pym
* Bill Foster
* Avengers
* Black Knight
* Sir Percy
* Dane Whitman
* Black Panther
* Black Widow (Natasha Romanova)
* Blonde Phantom
* Brother Voodoo
* Captain Marvel
* Mar-Vell
* Linda Carter
* Millie Collins
* Daredevil
* Destroyer
* Doctor Druid
* Doctor Strange
* Falcon
* Fantastic Four
* Human Torch
* Invisible Woman
* Mister Fantastic
* Thing
* Forbush Man
* Frankenstein Monster
* Goliath
* Groot
* Guardians of the Galaxy
* Hawkeye
* Hercules
* Howling Commandos
* Dum Dum Dugan
* Nick Fury
* Gabe Jones
* Eric Koenig
* Rebel Ralston
* Junior Juniper
* Pinky Pinkerton
* Hulk
* Inhumans
* Black Bolt
* Crystal
* Gorgon
* Karnak
* Lockjaw
* Medusa
* Triton
* Iron Man
* Ka-Zar
* Kid Colt
* Man-Thing
* Marvel Boy (Robert Grayson)
* Mimic
* Prowler
* Quicksilver
* Ravage 2099
* Rawhide Kid
* Scarlet Witch
* Sersi
* She-Hulk
* S.H.I.E.L.D.
* Spider-Man
* Stan Lee's Mighty 7
* Starborn
* Swordsman
* The Guardian Project
* Thor
* Two-Gun Kid
* Venus
* Vision
* Adam Warlock
* Wasp
* Witness
* Wonder Man
* X-Men
* Angel
* Beast
* Cyclops
* Iceman
* Jean Grey
* Professor X
* Yondu
* Zombie

|

Villains|

* Abomination
* Absorbing Man
* A.I.M.
* Air-Walker
* Amphibion
* Annihilus
* Ape-Man
* Ares
* Asbestos Man
* Attuma
* Awesome Android
* Baron Mordo
* Baron Strucker
* Baron Zemo
* Heinrich Zemo
* Batroc the Leaper
* Beetle
* Abner Jenkins
* Big Man
* Frederick Foswell
* Black Knight (Nathan Garrett)
* Blastaar
* Blizzard
* Blob
* Boomerang
* Brotherhood of Mutants
* Burglar
* Cat-Man
* Chameleon
* Circus of Crime
* Clown
* Cobra
* Collector
* Count Nefaria
* Crime Master
* Crimson Dynamo
* Cyttorak
* Death-Stalker
* Destroyer
* Diablo
* Doctor Doom
* Doctor Faustus
* Doctor Octopus
* Doombot
* Doomsday Man
* Dormammu
* Dorrek VII
* Dragon Man
* Dredmund the Druid
* Eel
* Egghead
* Ego the Living Planet
* Electro
* Emissaries of Evil
* Enchantress
* Enclave
* Enforcers
* Montana
* Executioner
* Fafnir
* Femizons
* Fenris Wolf
* Fin Fang Foom
* Fixer
* Richard Fisk
* Frightful Four
* Funky Flashman
* Galactus
* Galaxy Master
* Gargoyle
* Gibbon
* Giganto
* Gladiator
* Gorgilla
* Green Goblin
* Norman Osborn
* Grey Gargoyle
* Grizzly
* Growing Man
* Hate-Monger
* Hela
* High Evolutionary
* Hippolyta
* Human Cannonball
* Hydra
* Immortus
* Impossible Man
* Jackal
* Jester
* Erik Josten
* Juggernaut
* Kaecilius
* Kala
* Kaluu
* Kangaroo
* Kang the Conqueror
* Karnilla
* Kingpin
* Klaw
* Krang
* Kraven the Hunter
* Laufey
* Leader
* Leap-Frog
* Living Brain
* Living Laser
* Lizard
* Loki
* Looter/Meteor Man
* Lucifer
* Machinesmith
* Madame Masque
* Mad Thinker
* Maggia
* Magneto
* Man-Beast
* Mandarin
* Mangog
* Man Mountain Marko
* Masked Marauder
* Master Khan
* Mastermind
* Masters of Evil
* Matador
* Maximus
* Melter
* Mentallo
* Mephisto
* Merlin
* Metal Master
* Midgard Serpent
* Mindless Ones
* Miracle Man
* Mister Fear
* Mister Hyde
* MODOK
* Molecule Man
* Mole Man
* Molten Man
* Monsteroso
* Mordred
* Morgan le Fay
* Morrat
* Mother Night
* Mysterio
* Nightmare
* Overmind
* Owl
* Painter
* Plantman
* Plunderer
* Pluto
* Porcupine
* Princess Python
* Prowler
* Psycho-Man
* Purple Man
* Puppet Master
* Radioactive Man
* Ravonna
* Rattler
* Red Barbarian
* Red Ghost
* Rhino
* Ringmaster
* Ronan the Accuser
* Thunderbolt Ross
* Sandman
* Scarecrow
* Scorpion
* Secret Empire
* Sentinel
* Master Mold
* Bolivar Trask
* Sentry
* Shocker
* Silvermane
* Sinister Six
* Sleeper
* Sons of the Serpent
* Spencer Smythe
* Spider-Slayer
* Spymaster
* Farley Stillwell
* Stranger
* Mendel Stromm
* Strongman
* Super-Adaptoid
* Super-Skrull
* Surtur
* Swordsman
* Glenn Talbot
* Tiboro
* Tinkerer
* Titanium Man
* Toad
* Trapster
* Tricephalous
* Tumbler
* Tyrannus
* Ulik
* Ultimo
* Unicorn
* Unus the Untouchable
* Vanisher
* Vulture
* Whiplash
* Whirlwind
* Wizard
* Wong-Chu
* Wrecker
* Yon-Rogg
* Ymir
* Zarrko

Supporting|

* Liz Allan
* Ancient One
* Athena
* Sally Avril
* Aunt May
* Balder
* Betty Brant
* Peggy Carter
* Sharon Carter
* Clea Strange
* Billy Connors
* Martha Connors
* Eternity
* Vanessa Fisk
* Jane Foster
* Frigga
* Goom
* Agatha Harkness
* Happy Hogan
* Happy Sam Sawyer
* Heimdall
* Hera
* H.E.R.B.I.E.
* Hermes
* J. Jonah Jameson
* John Jameson
* Edwin Jarvis
* Rick Jones
* Ned Leeds
* Living Tribunal
* Willie Lumpkin
* Alicia Masters
* Jack Murdock
* Foggy Nelson
* Neptune
* Harry Osborn
* Odin
* Karen Page
* Richard and Mary Parker
* Pepper Potts
* Redwing
* Franklin Richards
* Randy Robertson
* Robbie Robertson
* Betty Ross
* Shalla-Bal
* Sif
* Jasper Sitwell
* George Stacy
* Gwen Stacy
* Supreme Intelligence
* Franklin Storm
* T'Chaka
* Teen Brigade
* Flash Thompson
* Tyr
* Uatu
* Uncle Ben
* Anna Watson
* Mary Jane Watson
* Wong
* Wyatt Wingfoot
* Valkyrior
* Volla
* Warriors Three
* Fandral
* Hogun
* Volstagg
* Yancy Street Gang
* Ho Yinsen
* Zabu
* Zeus

Species|

* Asgardians
* Kree
* Mutants
* New Men
* Olympians
* Skrulls
* Watchers

Locations and
businesses|

* Asgard
* Avengers Mansion
* Baxter Building
* Daily Bugle
* Features of Spider-Man media
* Latveria
* Negative Zone
* Oscorp
* Sanctum Sanctorum
* Savage Land
* Stark Industries
* Stark Tower
* Wakanda
* X-Mansion

Objects|

* Cerebro
* Cosmic Cube
* Eye of Agamotto
* Mjolnir
* Norn Stones
* Ultimate Nullifier
* Vibranium

* Category

Portals:

* Comics
* Speculative fiction

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* United States
* Israel

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