Botanical Park, Timișoara

Arboretum in Timișoara, Romania

Botanical Park

Botanical Garden

The systematic plant sector

Type|

* Urban park
* arboretum
* botanical garden
* scientific reserve

Location| Timișoara, Romania
Coordinates| 45°45′36″N 21°13′29″E﻿ / ﻿45.76000°N 21.22472°E﻿ / 45.76000; 21.22472
Area| 8.41 ha[1]
Opened| 1986
Designer| Silvia Grumeza
Administered by| Timișoara City Hall
Species| 218[2]

The Botanical Park, since 2007 the Botanical Garden,[3] is an arboretum in Timișoara. Up to its development in the 1900s, the land on which the park is located today was used as a training ground for military exercises. Much earlier, the land was supposedly the site of a Roman cemetery.[4] In 1995 it was declared a scientific reserve, in order to protect the local and exotic flora.[5]

## Location

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The Botanical Park is located between Timișoara 700 Square and Mărăști Square, in the north of the Cetate district. The park is bordered by Gheorghe Dima, Gheorghe Lazăr, Alexandru Ioan Cuza and Pictor Ion Zaicu streets.[6] The main entrance is located between the buildings of the Adam Müller-Guttenbrunn House and the New Clinics.[7]

## History

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The first plans for a Botanical Garden in Timișoara date from 1877, when the city council made available to the Society of Natural Sciences of Banat (founded in 1873) the former pig market, today Pleven Square, for the construction of a botanical park. Due to the lack of necessary funds, the society had to give up the project.[8] Between 1902 and 1903, with the construction of the Cadet School (today the New Clinics), a park was arranged around the building by landscaper Árpád Mühle. The park was already part of the project developed by Árpád Mühle and Franz Niemetz, which provided for the long-term construction of a green area consisting of parks and forests around the city.[9] Within this project, the city authorities have already foreseen around World War I the establishment of a park on the current land of the botanical garden, a park also recorded on the perspective plans, laid out on the city map of 1913.[9] On the city map of 1936, the area appears as a park with a series of alleys, with the look they have today.[6]

The current appearance of the park is due to architect Silvia Grumeza who, in 1966, after a previous documentation at the Bucharest Botanical Garden, elaborated a project. The park was designed to fulfill multiple functions: scientific, didactic, educational and recreational.[6] Between 1986 and 1990, 1,650 plant species were planted here,[9] all designed according to phytogeographical and aesthetic criteria. The plants were brought from parks all over the country, from private collections or from international seed exchanges.[10] The park was opened to visitors on 29 June 1986.[6] By that time, the park had 60,000 visitors per year, with over 11,000 entries in May alone.[4] In 2008, a garden with a traditional Japanese teahouse was set up in the park.[9]

## Sectors

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The Botanical Park has an area of about 84,000 m2, of which 74,500 covered by lawn and trees and 7,500 by alleys.[6] It was designed to include plant species grouped into sectors:[2]

* ornamental flora (1.6 ha), with a subsector – rose collection;
* flora and vegetation of Romania (2.4 ha), with a subsector – flora of Banat;
* flora of the Mediterranean region (0.6 ha);
* flora of America (1.8 ha);
* flora of Asia (1 ha), with a subsector – Japanese garden;
* systematic plant sector (0.7 ha);
* medicinal flora (0.25 ha);
* tropical flora (0.1 ha).

## References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Botanical Park, Timișoara.

1. ^ Cadrul natural și peisagistic al municipiului Timișoara (PDF). Vol. I. Cadrul natural. Primăria municipiului Timișoara. 2010. p. 23.
2. ^ a b "Grădina Botanică". Direcția de Mediu a municipiului Timișoara.
3. ^ "Hotărârea nr. 493/2007". Timișoara HCL.
4. ^ a b Ionescu, Marius (4 October 2023). "Istoria neștiută a unuia dintre cele mai renumite parcuri din centrul Timișoarei: a fost cimitir roman și poligon de exerciții militare". Ghidul Banatului.
5. ^ "Parcul Botanic, Timișoara". Welcome to Romania.
6. ^ a b c d e "TIMIȘOARA - Amplasamentele vizate pentru studiul de specialitate". BioTowns.
7. ^ "Temeswar (Timișoara)". Banaterra. Archived from the original on 2012-05-19.
8. ^ König, Frederic; Nadra, Emil (1974). "Aspecte privind istoricul Secției de Științe Naturale a Muzeului Banatului" (PDF). Tibiscus. Științe naturale: 169–182.
9. ^ a b c d Kakucs, Lajos (2015). "De la Fântâna Pașei de pe lângă Mănăstirea Dervișilor până la Parcul Rozelor. Contribuții la istoria parcurilor din Timișoara" (PDF). Analele Banatului, S.N., Arheologie – Istorie. XXIII: 343–384\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-24. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
10. ^ Iacobescu, Daliana (16 May 2015). "Parcul Botanic". Merg.În.

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Places in Timișoara

Historical|

* Anchor Palace
* Baroque Palace
* Brück House
* Communal Abattoir
* Count Mercy House
* Dauerbach Palace
* Deschan Palace
* Dicasterial Palace
* Fabric Water Tower
* Hilt-Vogel Palace
* House with Atlantes
* House with Lions
* Huniade Castle
* Iosefin Fire Station
* Iosefin Water Tower
* Lloyd Palace
* Löffler Palace
* Merbl Palace
* Military Casino
* Mühle House
* Nägele Palace
* Neptune Public Bath
* Neuhaus Palace
* Old Town Hall
* Palace of Culture
* Prince Eugene House
* Prison
* Roman Catholic Episcopal Palace
* Șari-Neni
* Széchényi Palace
* Theresia Bastion
* Timișoreana Brewery
* Water Palace
* Weiss Palace

Cultural|

* Banat Village Museum
* Banatul Philharmonic
* Csiky Gergely Hungarian State Theatre
* German Cultural Centre
* German State Theatre
* Merlin Children's and Youth Theatre
* Mihai Eminescu National Theatre
* National Museum of Art
* National Museum of Banat
* Romanian National Opera

Places of worship|

* Cetate Synagogue
* Elisabetin Greek Catholic Church
* Elisabetin Reformed Church
* Elisabetin Roman Catholic Church
* Fabric Greek Catholic Church
* Fabric Synagogue
* Fratelia Roman Catholic Church
* Iosefin Orthodox Church
* Iosefin Roman Catholic Church
* Iosefin Synagogue
* Lutheran Church
* Mehala Roman Catholic Church
* Metropolitan Cathedral
* Millennium Church
* Misericordia Church
* New Millennium Reformed Center
* Notre Dame Church
* Serbian Orthodox Cathedral
* St. Catherine Church
* St. Elijah Church
* St. George Cathedral
* St. George Serbian Church
* St. Nicholas Serbian Church

Educational|

* Ana Aslan National College
* Banat National College
* Béla Bartók High School
* Carmen Sylva National Pedagogical College
* Central Library of Politehnica University
* Constantin Diaconovici Loga National College
* Eugen Todoran Central University Library
* Francesco Saverio Nitti Economic College
* Grigore Moisil High School
* Ion Vidu National College of Art
* Israelite High School
* King Michael I University of Life Sciences
* Nikolaus Lenau High School
* Piarist High School
* Politehnica University
* Sorin Titel County Library
* Tibiscus University
* Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy
* West Technical College
* West University

Statues, monuments and
fountains|

* Capitoline Wolf
* Fidelity Column
* Floral Clock
* Fountain of Cardinal Points
* Fountain with Fish
* Plague Column
* St. Mary and St. John of Nepomuk Monument
* Virgin Mary Monument

Forests, parks and
gardens|

* Alpinet Park
* Anton Scudier Central Park
* Botanical Park
* Cathedral Park
* Civic Park
* Green Forest
* Ion Creangă Children's Park
* Justice Park
* Queen Marie Park
* Roses Park
* Zoological Garden

Public squares|

* Alexandru Mocioni Square
* Liberty Square
* Nicolae Bălcescu Square
* Pleven Square
* St. George Square
* St. Mary Square
* Timișoara 700 Square
* Trajan Square
* Union Square
* Victory Square

Sports venues|

* CFR Stadium
* Ciarda Roșie Stadium
* Constantin Jude Sports Hall
* Dan Păltinișanu Stadium
* Electrica Stadium
* Gheorghe Rășcanu Stadium
* Știința Stadium

Business centers|

* AFI Park
* Bega Business Park
* United Business Center
* Vox Technology Park

Shopping venues|

* Bega Shopping Center
* Iulius Mall
* Shopping City

Infrastructure|

* Cioca Airfield
* Port
* Timișoara East railway station
* Timișoara North railway station
* Timișoara South railway station
* Timișoara West railway station
* Traian Vuia International Airport

Edge cities|

* ISHO
* Iulius Town

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