Boycott of Russia and Belarus

Boycotts following the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Retailers around the world removed Russian-made products from their inventories due to the invasion, either voluntarily or as a result of sanctions.

Since early 2022, Russia and Belarus have been boycotted by many companies and organizations in Europe, North America, Australasia, and elsewhere, in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which is supported by Belarus. As of 2 July 2022[update], the Yale School of Management recorded more than 1,000 companies withdrawing or divesting themselves from Russia, either as a result of sanctions or in protest of Russian actions.[1] Ukrainian National Agency on Corruption Prevention maintains a list called International Sponsors of War that includes companies and individuals still doing business with Russia.[2]

## Overview

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The majority of countries which sanctioned Russia following its 2014 annexation of Crimea began imposing additional sanctions to punish Russia for invading all of Ukraine—a move for which Russian President Vladimir Putin had long prepared.[3] Many companies were not impacted by sanctions against Russia but ruled in favor of cutting ties with the country either due to the public pressure or in protest of the Russian government's actions, or both.[4][5] Ukrainian institutions have stated that the need for these measures is urgent.[6]

The response can be broadly divided into a "cultural boycott", aimed at amplifying the international condemnation of the invasion, and an "economic boycott", which is designed to make the war effort less sustainable.[7][8] As a result of the latter, several commentators have warned of an unprecedented economic collapse in Russia's future, citing a 30% drop in the ruble's value, a 20% rise in interest rates and a 1% GDP expansion down from 1.7%.[9] Analyses by multiple firms project year end GDP contraction of at least 5% and inflation of 15%.[10] Some of the most critical blows to Russian infrastructure have been the loss of access to the SWIFT payment system and limitations on Russia's ability to export oil.[11] US Senator Bernie Sanders has stated that this crisis should influence energy policy more broadly in order to deter "authoritarian petrostates".[12] While Shell plc has been noted for relinquishing its stake in Gazprom, it was also criticised for buying a cargo of discounted Russian crude oil.[13] The next day, following public outcry, Shell defended the purchase as a short term necessity, but also announced that it intends to reduce such purchases and put the profits from them into a fund that will go towards humanitarian aid to Ukraine.[14] As of 10 March, half of the ten largest international companies with business ties to Russia announced that they are withdrawing or closing their operations; and the number of companies that have done so is over 300.[15]

Some of the largest snack and fast food companies have faced criticism for continuing to do business in Russia and Belarus.[16][17][18][19][20] Anthony Pompliano has defended cryptocurrency trading platforms for not participating in the boycott, stating "there is an incredible amount of inhumanity that goes into the decision to cut off the average citizen from the global financial system. What was their crime?"[21] Critics of the Israeli government have pointed out that several American politicians who support isolating Russia economically previously campaigned for and passed anti-BDS laws punishing boycotts of Israel.[22][23][24]

The cultural side of the boycott has focused on reducing the number of entertainment products available to people in Russia. These include films and albums but also live televised events that are hosted in Western countries.[25] Yasmeen Serhan has commented that nationalistic sentiment, which has historically benefited Putin's regime, will be undermined by Russia's exclusion from sporting events.[8] The banning of Russia and Belarus from the Olympics has drawn comparisons to the athletic boycott of apartheid South Africa. According to Olympic historians David Wallechinsky and Bill Mallon, the decision can be considered a turning point when compared to past leniency over the state-sponsored doping programme in Russia or the attempted abduction of Krystsina Tsimanouskaya by Belarus.[26][27]

In addition to cancelling planned appearances in Russia, several entertainment organisations with Russian members began to scrutinise their past support for Putin. Some of these celebrities refused to condemn the war but others lost their contracts because they did so without mentioning Putin by name. A statement by Alex Ovechkin, for example, called for peace in general and mentioned that his family members in Russia were also in danger.[28] However, Czech former Detroit Red Wings and Ottawa Senators goaltender Dominik Hašek responded to Ovechkin and criticized him for his past support of Putin, stating "What!? Not only an alibist, a chicken shit, but also a liar!", while also calling on the NHL to suspend all Russian players.[29] One musician who referred to his family's safety when condemning the war was Alexander Malofeev. The Vancouver Recital Society, which had begun requiring this of all Russian performers, responded that Malofeev's statement was not sufficient to allow his concert to go ahead.[30]

Despite ongoing sanctions, 47 of the world's biggest 200 companies still have not left Russia, particularly energy companies remain invested there. U.K. energy giant Shell and Japanese trading firms Mitsui and Mitsubishi hold double-digit stakes in the Sakhalin-2 oil and natural gas project. On July 1, 2022, Putin signed a decree to allow the government to seize the Sakhalin-2 oil and natural gas project but further attempts to formally nationalize the assets of international firms were paused when the bill did not make it through the State Duma before the 2022 summer recess. According to Western analysts, remaining companies have experienced expropriation and nationalization pressures, but officially Russia has denied that it is interested in such actions. In August 2022, Russia's trade and industry minister Denis Manturov stated, "we are not interested in the nationalization of enterprises or their removal.”[31][32]

## Boycotting companies and organisations

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### Banking and finance

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Company or organisation  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

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Abrdn | Financial services  |  United Kingdom | Abrdn announced it will reduce its holdings in Russia and Belarus.  | 1 March 2022  | [33]
Alaska Permanent Fund | Sovereign wealth fund  |  United States | After pressure from Alaskan legislators, the Alaska Permanent Fund announced it will not purchase any new Russian securities and will look to divest its Russian portfolio, consisting of US$63m in fixed income, US$153m in public equities and US$2.7m in private equity.  | 10 March 2022  | [34][35]
American Express | Payment systems  |  United States | American Express announced it had suspended all operations in Russia. All American Express cards will not work at merchants or ATMs in Russia and cards issued by Russian institutions will not work outside of the country. American Express stated its business in Russia is "small".  | 6 March 2022  | [36]
Apple Pay | Online payment systems  |  United States | Apple Pay stopped working in Russia due to sanctions on Russian banks. In 2020, 20% of Russians were using Apple Pay.  | 26 February 2022  | [37][38]
Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank | Banking  | Asia  | The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) stated it had put all activities relating to Russia and Belarus "on hold and under review."  | 3 March 2022  | [39][40]
Australian Future Fund and NSW Generations Fund  | Sovereign wealth fund  |  Australia | Australia's Future Fund announced it would dump all Russian assets, worth A$200m, while the New South Wales government would dump A$75m of Russian assets from its NSW Generations Fund.  | 28 February 2022  | [41][42]
Australian Retirement Trust | Superannuation  |  Australia | The Australian Retirement Trust announced it would dump A$133m in Russian assets.  | 3 March 2022  | [43]
AustralianSuper | Superannuation  |  Australia | AustralianSuper announced it would dump its A$175m portfolio of Russian assets as quickly as possible.  | 4 March 2022  | [44]
Aware Super | Superannuation  |  Australia | Aware Super announced it would dump its A$50m Russian investment portfolio.  | 1 March 2022  | [45]
Cbus | Superannuation  |  Australia | Cbus pledged to divest from Russian assets as soon as possible.  | 1 March 2022  | [46]
Coinbase | Cryptocurrency  |  United States | Coinbase blocked 25,000 wallets belonging to sanctioned individuals. It also stated the use of "sophisticated blockchain analytics" to identify accounts indirectly linked to banned users.  | 7 March 2022  | [47]
Colonial First State | Superannuation  |  Australia | Colonial First State announced it would divest its Russian exposure, which made up 0.1% of its total funds.  | 3 March 2022  | [48]
Goldman Sachs Group Inc | Financial services  |  United States | Goldman Sachs Group Inc is winding down its business in Russia in compliance with regulatory and licensing requirements.  | 10 March 2022  | [49]
Google Pay | Online payment systems  |  United States | Google Pay stopped working in Russia due to sanctions on Russian banks. In 2020, 29% of Russians were using Google Pay.  | 26 February 2022  | [37][38]
Government Employees Superannuation Board | Superannuation  |  Australia | Western Australia's Government Employees Superannuation Board (GESB) stated it would reduce its exposure to 20 Russian companies, including Gazprom, Rosneft, Sberbank and Lukoil.  | 3 March 2022  | [50]
Government Pension Fund of Norway | Sovereign wealth fund  |  Norway | The Government Pension Fund of Norway announced it will divest its Russian assets from 47 companies, including Sberbank, Gazprom and Lukoil, worth 25 billion crowns in 2021. However, it later stated its value is likely worth only 2.5 billion crowns and they were "pretty much written off".  | 27 February 2022  | [51][52]
Gunvor | Commodities trading  |   Switzerland | Gunvor announced it had already sold all of its Russian assets but would review its minority, non-controlling stake in Ust-Luga Oil Products terminal.  | 4 March 2022  | [53]
HESTA | Superannuation  |  Australia | HESTA announced it had sold Russian assets from its Sustainable Growth super fund and it does not intend to reinvest in Russian sovereign bonds and other Russian assets in the future.  | February 2022  | [54]
Hostplus | Superannuation  |  Australia | Hostplus confirmed it would offload its A$10m in Russian assets.  | 4 March 2022  | [55]
JCB Co., Ltd. | Payment systems  |  Japan | JCB announced the suspension of all its services in Russia.  | 8 March 2022  | [56]
JPMorgan Chase | Financial services  |  United States | JPMorgan Chase announced it was actively unwinding business and would not pursue any new business in Russia. JPMorgan had fewer than 200 employees located in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [57]
Legal & General | Financial services  |  United Kingdom | Legal & General announced it will reduce its holdings in Russian assets, stating that 0.1% of its assets under management were Russian.  | 1 March 2022  | [58][59]
Mastercard | Payment systems  |  United States | Mastercard blocks transactions linked to multiple Russian institutions on 1 March. It further announced on 5 March that all cards issued by Russian banks will not work anywhere inside or outside of Russia, at Russian merchants and ATMs. Russia made up about 4% of Mastercard's net revenue for 2021.  | 1 March 2022  | [60][61][62]
National Employment Savings Trust | Government pension scheme  |  United Kingdom | The National Employment Savings Trust told its fund managers to sell all existing Russian shares and government bonds as soon as possible and pledged not to buy any more.  | 1 March 2022  | [63][64]
New York State Department of Financial Services | Government regulatory body  |  United States | New York Governor Kathy Hochul signed an executive order on 27 February, directing all New York State agencies and authorities to review and divest public funds from Russia. On 2 March, the state's Department of Financial Services expedited the procurement of blockchain analytics technology, allowing it to detect exposure of virtual currency businesses to sanctioned individuals.  | 27 February 2022  | [65]
PayPal | Online payment systems  |  United States | PayPal stopped accepting new users from signing up to PayPal in Russia and blocked transactions by some users and banks in Russia as of 2 March. On 5 March, it shut down its services in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [66][67]
Paysera LT | Payment systems  |  Lithuania | Paysera announced it will no longer accept transactions in rubles, close Russian accounts, and restrict money transfers to and from Russian banks.  | 24 February 2022  | [68]
Remitly | Payment systems  |  United States | Remitly suspended all money transfers to Russia in February 2022.  | 28 February 2022  | [69]
Revolut | Financial services  |  United Kingdom | Revolut blocked payments to Russia and Belarus, and halted its support for transfers to or from parties in Belarus.  | 4 March 2022  | [70]
Trafigura | Commodities trading  |  Singapore | Trafigura froze all Russian investments, including its share in Rosneft led project Vostok Oil.  | 2 March 2022  | [71]
Visa | Payment systems  |  United States | Visa announced they have suspended all operations in Russia, including disabling all cards issued by Russian banks from being used outside of Russia, and all cards issued outside of Russia from being used within Russia. Russia made up about 4% of Visa's net revenue for 2021.  | 3 March 2022  | [72][73]
Western Union | Financial services  |  United States | Western Union stated it will suspend operations in Russia and Belarus.  | 10 March 2022  | [74]
Wise | Payment systems  |  United Kingdom | Wise suspended all money transfers to Russia after limiting daily transfers to £200\. However, their website still provides a rouble exchange rate estimate for reference.  | 28 February 2022  | [69]
World Bank | Banking  | International  | The World Bank announced it had stopped all programs in Russia and Belarus. It also stated it had not approved any new loans or investments to Russia since 2014 and Belarus since mid-2020.  | 2 March 2022  | [75][76]

#### Other

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* The Church of England announced on 25 February it will sell £20m in Russian holdings held by its Church Commissioners and the Church of England Pensions Board. The church also said it would not make any further investments in Russia, calling it an "immoral flood of corrupt money".[77]

### Education, research and science

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Company or organisation  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

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Agence nationale de la recherche | Government agency  |  France | The French National Research Agency suspended its partnership with the Russian Science Foundation and announced it will no longer take part in actions or funding involving Russian or Belarusian institutions.  | 3 March 2022  | [78]
All European Academies | Non-government organisation  | Europe  | The All European Academies suspended the membership of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.  | 4 March 2022  | [79]
Arctic Council | Intergovernmental organisation  | International  | All countries, except Russia, announced they will temporarily pause their participation in the Arctic Council since Russia holds the chairmanship.  | 3 March 2022  | [80]
Arizona State University | University  |  United States | Arizona State University divested its US$2.3m in Russian assets.  | 7 March 2022  | [81]
Australian National University | University  |  Australia | The Australian National University (ANU) suspended all links with the Moscow State Institute of International Relations and the National Research University Higher School of Economics.  | 3 March 2022  | [82][83]
CERN | Non-government organisation  |   Switzerland | CERN announced it had suspended Russia's status as an observer to the organisation, would prohibit Russia from attending open sessions of the CERN Council, and would revoke its "special right" to attend restricted sessions on the Large Hadron Collider. There will also be no new collaborations with Russian institutions, however the 1100 current academics and institutes will be able to continue their work.  | 8 March 2022  | [84][85]
Clarivate and Web of Science | Analytics  |  United States | Analytics company Clarivate closed its Russian office and ceased all commercial activity in the country. It also suspended the evaluation of all new journal submissions from Russia and Belarus in the Web of Science.  | 11 March 2022  | [86]
Council on International Educational Exchange | Non-government organisation  |  United States | The Council on International Educational Exchange suspended its spring 2022 program in Saint Petersburg, relocating students to other universities in Eastern Europe.  | 28 February 2022  | [87]
Deakin University | University  |  Australia | Deakin University announced that it would not enter any new agreements with Russia, not accept any new Russian students and exit its small indirect holding in Russian funds. It also stated that it does not currently have any partnerships with Russian agencies or universities.  | 8 March 2022  | [88]
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and UK Research and Innovation | Government agency  |  United Kingdom | UK's science minister George Freeman announced a review of all research funding from the UK government to Russian beneficiaries on 27 February 2022. This led to the UK Research and Innovation agency to suspend 50 grants for projects at British universities that were linked to Russian universities.  | 27 February 2022  | [89][90]
Durham University | University  |  United Kingdom | Durham University suspended all bilateral research collaboration with institutions in Russia and Belarus.  | 10 March 2022  | [91]
edX | Online education  |  United States | edX announced that all courses offered by Russian universities – ITMO University, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia and Ural Federal University were removed from its website.  | 4 March 2022  | [92]
European Commission | Government agency  | Europe  | The European Commission suspended all payments to Russian institutions involved in EU-funded research projects. It also suspended the preparation of grant agreements for four projects under Horizon Europe.  | 2 March 2022  | [93]
European Girls' Mathematical Olympiad | Mathematics competition  | Europe  | The European Girls' Mathematical Olympiad excluded Russia from the competition in 2022, allowing Russia to compete in the competition remotely as private individuals.  | 15 March 2022  | [94]
European Space Agency | Government agency  | Europe  | The European Space Agency delayed ExoMars, a joint Europe-Russian mission to send a rover to Mars. Russia was set to provide the Kazachok lander and the mission was intended to launch on a Russian Proton rocket.  | 28 February 2022  | [95][96]
European University Association | Non-government organisation  | Europe  | The European University Association suspended the membership of 12 Russian universities who signed a pro-war statement.  | 7 March 2022  | [97]
European XFEL | Research facility  |  Germany | The European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility announced it will not start new agreements with Russian institutions and will suspend existing ones.  | 2 March 2022  | [98]
French National Centre for Scientific Research | Government agency  |  France | The French National Centre for Scientific Research suspends all new scientific collaboration with Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [99]
German Academic Exchange Service | Non-government organisation  |  Germany | The German Academic Exchange Service restricts all exchange to Russia, including cancelling scholarships for those offered to study in Russia.  | 25 February 2022  | [100]
German Research Foundation | Government agency  |  Germany | The German Research Foundation suspended all scientific collaboration with Russia, including the sharing of data, samples, research and equipment. Researchers applying for a fellowship in Russia will have to choose another country.  | 2 March 2022  | [101]
Global Network for Advanced Management | Non-government organisation  | International  | The Global Network for Advanced Management suspends the Moscow School of Management SKOLKOVO from its network upon request from the school's dean.  | 8 March 2022  | [102]
International Mathematical Olympiad | Mathematics competition  | International  | The International Mathematical Olympiad suspended the membership of Russia, allowing Russia to compete in the competition remotely as private individuals.  | 25 March 2022  | [103]
International Mathematical Union | Non-government organisation  | International  | The International Mathematical Union moved the 2022 International Congress of Mathematicians and awarding of the Fields Medal online; it was originally scheduled to be held in Saint Petersburg.  | 26 February 2022  | [104]
Journal of Molecular Structure | Academic journal  | None  | The Journal of Molecular Structure stopped considering manuscripts submitted by scientists at Russian institutions.  |  | [89]
Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg | University  |  Germany | The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg halts all institutional collaborations with Russia and bans researchers from undertaking business trips in Russia.  | 8 March 2022  | [105]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology | University  |  United States | Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) ended its relationship with the Skolkovo Foundation, affecting 21 MIT faculty members and 38 students.  | 25 February 2022  | [106]
Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics | Non-government organisation  |  Germany | The Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics switched off the eROSITA black hole telescope aboard the Russian Spektr-RG satellite.  | 26 February 2022  | [107][108]
Middlebury College | University  |  United States | Middlebury College suspended its Russian exchange programme, allowing students to complete the course remotely.  | 28 February 2022  | [106]
NASA | Government agency  |  United States | Space agency NASA explored ways to keep the International Space Station in orbit without Russia. It noted that Northrop Grumman had offered reboost capability and suggested that SpaceX could help.  | 1 March 2022  | [109]
National Research Council | Government agency  |  Italy | Italy's National Research Council announced it will suspend operations in Russia and will not renew research agreements with institutions linked to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [110]
QS World University Rankings | Non-government organisation  |  United Kingdom | The QS World University Rankings announced it will remove Russian and Belarusian universities from future rankings and will cease promoting study at its universities.  | 7 March 2022  | [111]
Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Dutch Research Council | Non-government organisation  |  Netherlands | All universities, university medical centers, universities of applied sciences, the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Dutch Research Council suspended partnerships with institutions in Russia and Belarus.  | 4 March 2022  | [112]
Stanford University | University  |  United States | Stanford University ends a US$1.65m contract with an undisclosed entity from Russia.  | 12 March 2022  | [113]
Tallinn University of Technology | University  |  Estonia | TalTech stops accepting new Russian, Belarusian students.  | 23 March 2022  | [114]
UAM | University  |  Poland | The Adam Mickiewicz University suspends all collaboration with Russian and Belarusian universities.  | 3 March 2022  | [115]
Universities UK | Non-government organisation  |  United Kingdom | Universities UK suspended its memorandum of understanding with the Russian Union of Rectors after it publishes a pro-war statement.  | 7 March 2022  | [116]
University of Aberdeen | University  |  United Kingdom | The University of Aberdeen suspended all bilateral agreements with Russian institutions indefinitely.  | 1 March 2022  | [117]
University of Arizona | University  |  United States | The University of Arizona divested its US$1.5m in Russian assets.  | 7 March 2022  | [81]
University of Colorado | University  |  United States | The University of Colorado announced it would liquidate its investment in publicly traded Russian companies and mutual funds with holdings in Russia, around US$6.1m.  | 3 March 2022  | [118]
University of Glasgow | University  |  United Kingdom | The University of Glasgow announced it would suspend all partnerships with Russian and Belarusian academic institutions throughout the university.  | 9 March 2022  | [119]
University of Reading | University  |  United Kingdom | The University of Reading suspends its partnership with the Moscow State Institute of International Relations.  | 11 March 2022  | [120]
University of St Andrews | University  |  United Kingdom | The University of St Andrews announced it suspended all programs, collaborations and activities with Russia, including its joint Masters program with Moscow State University. It also divested its £40,000 in Russian holdings.  | 8 March 2022  | [121]
University of Tartu | University  |  Estonia | The University of Tartu restricts applications from Russian and Belarusian students.  | 9 March 2022  | [122]
University of Tübingen | University  |  Germany | The University of Tübingen suspends all cooperation with Russian universities and research facilities, joint research activities and joint conferences. It also cancelled student exchanges in Russia and business trips to Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [123]
Western Sydney University | University  |  Australia | Western Sydney University suspended all ties and activities with Russian universities and institutions.  | 7 March 2022  | [124]

### Energy

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Company or organisation  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

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Amber Grid | Natural gas  |  Lithuania | Lithuania became the first EU country to end imports of Russian gas following the Russian invasion of Ukraine.  | 1 April 2022  | [125]
BP | Oil and gas  |  United Kingdom | BP announced it had exited its 19.75% shareholding in Rosneft, worth approximately US$14 billion. Furthermore, BP announces the resignation of its staff from the Rosneft board of directors, BP Chief Executive Bernard Looney and former BP chief executive Robert Dudley.  | 27 February 2022  | [126]
Centrica | Energy  |  United Kingdom | Centrica announced it would exit all gas supply agreements with Russian companies, principally with Gazprom.  | 1 March 2022  | [127]
ExxonMobil | Oil and gas  |  United States | ExxonMobil cut ties with Russia, discontinuing operations and exiting the Sakhalin-II oil project. It also announced it will not be investing in new developments in the country.  | 2 March 2022  | [128]
Eneos | Oil and gas  |  Japan | Eneos pledged to end crude oil imports from Russia after its contract ends in April. It seeks alternative sources from the Middle East.  | 22 March 2022  | [129]
Equinor | Energy  |  Norway | Equinor announced its decision to stop new investments into Russia, and start the process of exiting Equinor's Russian Joint Ventures, worth US$1.2 billion.  | 28 February 2022  | [130]
Fortum | Energy  |  Finland | Fortum announced it will not make new investments in Russia and will reduce its exposure to thermal power production. Fortum owns seven thermal power plants in Russia and has a 78% stake in Uniper which owns five thermal power plants.  | 3 March 2022  | [131]
Idemitsu Kosan | Oil and gas  |  Japan | Idemitsu Kosan suspended all crude oil imports from Russia following the announcement of Eneos.  | 23 March 2022  | [132]
Rosneft | Oil and gas  |  Germany | Due to a boycott of Russian crude, three Rosneft refineries were taken over by the German state to avert a shut-down.  | 18 Sept 2022  | [133]
Shell | Oil and gas  |  United Kingdom | Shell stopped buying Russian crude oil and stated it would phase out its involvement in all Russian hydrocarbons from oil to natural gas. It apologised for buying Russian oil after it had said it would pull out of its Russian operations. It had previously announced a withdrawal from all Russian exposure on 1 March, including pulling out of the Sakhalin-II LNG project, and withdrawing its support of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline project.  | 1 March 2022  | [126][134]
TotalEnergies | Oil and gas  |  France | TotalEnergies announced it "will no longer provide capital for new projects in Russia" but has retained ownership of its 19.4% stake in privately owned Novatek, 20% stake in the Yamal project and 10% stake in Arctic LNG 2.  | 1 March 2022  | [135]
Uniper | Energy  |  Germany | Uniper announced it would take a full impairment loss on its loan to Nord Stream 2 worth €987m and would divest from its majority 83.73% stake in Unipro. However, it would not end long-term gas supply contracts as they are vital to Europe's gas supply.  | 7 March 2022  | [136]
Vestas | Wind  |  Denmark | Vestas announced it had stopped four wind turbine projects in Russia which were expected to be operational in late 2022 with capacity 253MW. It further announced it will not enter into new Russian projects.  | 3 March 2022  | [137][138]

### Entertainment

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Company or organisation  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

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The Walt Disney Company | Motion pictures
Content and product licensing  |  United States | Disney first announced that it would pause theatrical releases in Russia, including the release of Turning Red on 1 March, The company ended all business in Russia, including content and product licensing, Disney Cruise Line activities, National Geographic magazine, tours and content production on 10 March.  | 1 March 2022 (Motion pictures)
10 March 2022 (Other activities)  | [139][140][141][142]
Sony Pictures Entertainment | Motion pictures  |  United States | Sony Pictures Entertainment first suspended theatrical releases in the country, beginning with Morbius on 1 March, Two weeks later on 11 March, the company halted business operations in Russia, leading to cancellations of future television distribution deals and a planned home entertainment release of Spider-Man: No Way Home. Crunchyroll also suspended its anime streaming service in Russia.  | 1 March 2022 (Motion pictures)
11 March 2022 (TV distribution deals, home entertainment releases and Crunchyroll)  | [140][141][142][143]
Warner Bros. Discovery | Motion pictures
Television broadcasting  |  United States | Warner Bros. Discovery (at the time WarnerMedia), announced that they have paused Warner Bros. theatrical releases in Russia, including the release of The Batman on 1 March, Later on 9 March, they shut down three networks in Russia.  | 1 March 2022 (Motion pictures)
9 March 2022 (Television networks)  | [144][140][141][142]
Paramount Global | Motion pictures  |  United States | Paramount announced on 1 March that it will pause theatrical releases in Russia, including the release of Sonic the Hedgehog 2, later it was announced they cancelled plans on the launch of its streaming service Paramount+ in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan.  | 1 March 2022 (Motion pictures)  | [140][141][142]
Universal Pictures (NBCUniversal) | Motion pictures  |  United States | Universal announced they would pause theatrical releases in Russia, including the release of The Bad Guys.  | 1 March 2022  | [140][141][142][145]
Netflix | Streaming service  |  United States | Netflix announced it would not add 20 Russian channels to their service, despite a requirement to do so under Russian law. On 4 March, it was announced that the streammer has paused all future projects and acquisitions from Russia, effectively cancelling some of those potential movies and shows. On 6 March, Netflix went even further and announced it will pull out its service from Russia altogether.  | 4 March 2022 (Projects and Acquisitions)
6 March 2022 (full service)  | [146][147][148]
YouTube (Google) | Video sharing service  |  United States | YouTube said that its immediately blocking access around the world to channels associated with Russian state-funded media, citing a policy barring content that denies, minimizes or trivializes well-documented violent events.  | 11 March 2022  | [149]
DirecTV | Satellite service  |  United States | DirecTV stopped distribution of Russian-controlled television network RT America, sister network to RT. RT America has ceased operations.  | 3 March 2022  | [150]
Globecast | Content distribution  |  United States | Globecast is disrupting the transmission of Russian-controlled television network RT to customers of Singaporean cable providers Singtel TV and Starhub TV, as well as other customers of Access Communications in Canada and Sky in New Zealand.  | 27 February 2022 (New Zealand)
2 March 2022 (Canada)
4 March 2022 (Singapore)  | [151][152][153][154]
Roku, Inc. | OTT box maker  |  United States | Roku, Inc. removed Russian-controlled television network RT from its stores in the US and Europe.  | 3 March 2022  | [150]
Discord | Social media service  |  United States | Discord announced that they will suspend sales of Discord Nitro to Russian customers.  | 17 March 2022  | [155]
TikTok | Social media service  |  China | TikTok had restricted access to Russian state media accounts in the European Union.  | 28 February 2022  | [156]
Cannes Film Festival | Film festival  |  France | The Cannes Film Festival stated that Russian delegation will not be welcome at its events.  | 2 March 2022  | [157]
Venice Film Festival | Film festival  |  Italy | The Venice Film Festival stated that Russian delegation will not be welcome at its events.  | 2 March 2022  | [158]
Glasgow Film Festival | Film festival  |  United Kingdom | The Glasgow Film Festival dropped two Russian films from its line-up for 2022, No Looking Back and The Execution, both receiving Russian funding.  | 2 March 2022  | [159]
National Association of Television Program Executives | Television trade organization  |  United States | The NATPE banned Russian companies from its international television trade fair in Hungary.  | 1 March 2022  | [160]
European Film Academy | Film organization  |  Germany | The EFA boycotted all Russian films.  | 1 March 2022  | [161]
BBC Studios (British Broadcasting Corporation) | Television production  |  United Kingdom | BBC Studios stopped doing business with Russia, including licensing of their shows to Russian customers as well as licensing its formats for its series.  | 1 March 2022  | [162]
All3Media | Television production  |  United Kingdom | All3Media and its subsidiary company All3Media International stopped doing business with Russia, including licensing of their shows to Russian customers as well as licensing its formats for its series.  | 1 March 2022  | [162]
ITV Studios (ITV plc) | Television production  |  United Kingdom | ITV Studios stopped doing business with Russia, including licensing of their shows to Russian customers as well as licensing its formats for its series, including The Voice.  | 1 March 2022  | [162]
European Broadcasting Union | Broadcasting consortium  | Europe
(HQ   Switzerland) | The European Broadcasting Union excluded Russia from participating in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022, with the organisers saying its inclusion could "bring the competition into disrepute". On 26 May 2022, the Union suspended its Russian members indefinitely.  | 25 February 2022  | [163][164][165]
Spotify | Music streaming service  |  Sweden | Spotify closed its Russian office until further notice and removed all content from Russian state-owned media.  | 3 March 2022  | [150]
Royal Opera House | Opera house  |  United Kingdom | The Royal Opera House cut ties with the Bolshoi Ballet.  | 28 February 2022  | [166]
Metropolitan Opera | Opera house  |  United States | The Metropolitan Opera had cut ties with Russian performers who had voiced support for Putin, including who initially supported Putin but later opposed the invasion of Ukraine, such as soprano Anna Netrebko.  | 28 February 2022  | [166]
Vienna Philharmonic | Orchestra  |  Austria | The Vienna Philharmonic had cut ties with Russian performers who had voiced support for Putin, even those who opposed the invasion of Ukraine, including conductor Valery Gergiev, and the Bolshoi Theatre.  | 28 February 2022  | [166]
WWE | Wrestling promotion  |  United States | WWE terminated its broadcast partnership with Russian television network Match and shut down the WWE Network in Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [167]
Linus Media Group | YouTube content creator  |  Canada | The YouTube content creator Linus Media Group had ceased working with Russian and Belarusian entities and stopped shipping merchandise from their store to those countries.  | 4 March 2022  | [168]
Fédération Internationale Féline (International Cat Federation)  | Cat show governing body  | International  | The FIF banned cats bred in Russia from being imported or registered in its pedigree book outside Russia, and exhibitors living in Russia from being entered at any of its shows outside Russia, meaning cats bred in Russia or owned by Russians are banned from competitions. The restrictions are valid until the end of May.[when?] | 28 February 2022  | [169][170]
European Tree of the Year | Event  | Europe  | The organizer of the European Tree of the Year put Russia out of the running for the contest, excluding the Turgenev's Oak from nomination.  | 28 February 2022  | [171][172]
Universal Music Group | Music distribution  |  Netherlands
United States | Universal Music Group suspended its Russian operations.  | 8 March 2022  | [173]
PRS for Music | Performance rights organization  |  United Kingdom | PRS for Music cancelled its partnership with the Russian Authors' Society (RAO).  | 8 March 2022  | [174]
ASCAP | Music rights organization  |  United States | ASCAP suspended their royalty payments to the Russian Authors' Society (RAO).  | 9 March 2022  | [175]
Broadcast Music, Inc. | Music rights organization  |  United States | BMI suspended their royalty payments to the Russian Authors' Society (RAO).  | 9 March 2022  | [175]
SIAE | Music rights organization  |  Italy | The SIAE suspended their royalty payments to the Russian Authors' Society (RAO).  | 9 March 2022  | [175]
Live Nation | Concert promotion  |  United States | Live Nation ceased its operations in Russia, leading up to its cancellation of concerts in the country.  | 2 March 2022  | [176]
Warner Music Group | Music distribution  |  United States | WMG suspended their operations in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [177]
Sony Music Entertainment | Music distribution  |  United States | Sony Music Entertainment is suspending their operations in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [178]
Kobalt Music Group | Music publishing  |  United States | Kobalt is suspending its music publishing and their business activity in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [179]
Downtown | Music publishing  |  United States | Downtown is suspending its music publishing and their business activity in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [179]
Warner Bros. Discovery | Television broadcasting  |  United States | Warner Bros. Discovery (at the time Discovery Inc), shut down 15 networks in Russia on 9 March 2022.  | 9 March 2022  | [180][144]
Deutsche Welle | News organization  |  Germany | Deutsche Welle announced that they will be closing down their Moscow bureau and most of the journalists will be relocated to Riga, Latvia.  | 9 March 2022  | [144]
Canal+ Group | Television broadcasting  |  France | Canal+ Group through its subsidiary company Thema announced that the distribution of TV5MONDE Europe will be suspended in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [144]
France 24 | Television broadcasting  |  France | France 24 suspended its broadcasts in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [144]
NHK | Television broadcasting  |  Japan | The public broadcaster's English language channel NHK World TV suspended its broadcasts in Russia. NHK World Premium has continued its broadcasting.  | 9 March 2022  | [144]
LNK | Television network  |  Lithuania | LNK is removing its Russian production involvement in its programming.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
TV3 | Television network  |  Lithuania | TV3 is removing its Russian production involvement in its programming.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Telia Lietuva | Telecommunication company  |  Lithuania | Telia Lietuva stopped broadcasting Russian TV channels from its cable television service.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Cgates  | Telecommunication company  |  Lithuania | Cgates stopped broadcasting Russian TV channels from its cable television service.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Splius  | Telecommunication company  |  Lithuania | Splius stopped broadcasting Russian TV channels from its cable television service.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
American Kennel Club | Dog show governing body  |  United States | The AKC said they will not approve judges from Russia to events it holds, and will deny any new requests for imported dog registrations from the Russian Kennel Federation.  | 10 March 2022  | [182][183]
Corus Entertainment | Television broadcasting
Content licensing  |  Canada | Corus suspended all business relations and transactions with corporations or individuals living or operating in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [184]
International Academy of Television Arts and Sciences | Television award body  |  United States | The International Academy of Television Arts and Science announced that all programmes produced in Russia will not be eligible at the 50th International Emmy Awards. It had previously announced that the academy had been suspending memberships from Russia as well as formal affiliations with Russian companies.  | 28 March 2022  | [185]
Games Workshop | Miniature wargames company  |  United Kingdom | Games Workshop announced that all sales of its products in Russia had been suspended in protest against the Russian invasion of Ukraine.  | 16 March 2022  | [186]

### Video games and esports

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Natus Vincere | Esports organization  |  Ukraine | NAVI had severed its partnership with Russian esport organisation ESForce with companies under ESForce Holding includes RuHub, Epic Esports Events, Cybersport.ru and Virtus.pro.  | 2 March 2022  | [187]
BLAST Premier | Esports league  |  Denmark | BLAST Premier cancelled its upcoming tournament qualifier for the CIS region and banned Russian-based teams from attending its events for the "foreseeable future".  | 2 March 2022  | [188]
ESL | Esports league  |  Germany | The ESL bans organisations with ties to the Russian government from participating in ESL Pro League, including Virtus.pro and Gambit Esports. However, the players are allowed to participate in the tournament "under a neutral name, without representing their country, organization or their teams’ sponsors on their clothing". All scheduled tournaments in the CIS region have also been paused and postponed.  | 6 March 2022  | [189]
Elisa Esports  | Esports organizer  |  Finland | Elisa Esports bans all Russian-owned organisations from participating in its tournaments.  | 2 March 2022  | [190]
WePlay  | Esports organizer  |  Ukraine | WePlay terminated its cooperation with all partners from the Russian Federation.  | 7 March 2022  | [191]
Electronic Arts | Game publishing  |  United States | EA halted sales of its games in both Russia and Belarus on 4 March. Previously, it had removed the Russian teams from FIFA 22, FIFA Mobile, and FIFA Online, and removed the Russian and Belarusian teams from NHL 22.  | 4 March 2022 (Game software sales)  | [192][193]
CD Projekt | Game publishing  |  Poland | CD Projekt had cut off sales for all of its products to Russia and Belarus, including Cyberpunk 2077 and all games on GOG.com.  | 3 March 2022  | [194][195]
Nintendo | Game publishing
Console maker  |  Japan | Nintendo had placed the Nintendo eShop for Russia into maintenance mode, which disabled the ability to make purchases or downloads for Nintendo Switch digital games, DLC, or microtransactions on 4 March. Six days later on 10 March, the company has suspended shipments of software and hardware to Russia and has delayed the release of Advance Wars 1+2: Re-Boot Camp.  | 4 March 2022 (Nintendo eShop)
10 March 2022 (Shipments of game software and console hardware)  | [196][197]
Sony Interactive Entertainment | Game publishing
Console maker  |  Japan | SIE pulled Gran Turismo 7 from digital and physical sale in Russia on 4 March. After facing public pressure to block their Russian player base, Sony announced on 9 March that shipments of PlayStation 5 and PlayStation 4 consoles & physical games along with shipments of software and hardware to Russia have been suspended. Moreover, the Russian PlayStation Store will be closed until further notice, meaning Russian players will be unable to purchase or download digital games, DLC, and microtransactions.  | 4 March 2022 (sales of Gran Turismo 7)
9 March 2022 (shipments of consoles & physical games, PlayStation Store)  | [198][199][200][196]
Activision Blizzard | Game publishing  |  United States | Activision Blizzard has halted sales of its games in Russia.  | 5 March 2022  | [201]
Epic Games | Game publishing  |  United States | Epic Games halted sale of games, including Fortnite, as well as payments to the Epic Games store is suspended in Russia. The company announced that the portion of the sales of the said game from March 20 to April 3 to humanitarian relief organizations working in Ukraine.  | 5 March 2022  | [201][202]
Ubisoft | Game publishing  |  France | Ubisoft announced that they suspended sales of their games in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [203]
Take-Two Interactive | Game publishing  |  United States | Take-Two had suspended sales of their games in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [203]
Rovio | Game publishing  |  Finland | Rovio had removed their games, including Angry Birds, from Russian and Belarusian app stores.  | 9 March 2022  | [204]
Supercell | Game publishing  |  Finland | Supercell removed their games, including Clash of Clans, from Russian and Belarusian app stores.  | 9 March 2022  | [205]
SCS Software | Game publishing  |  Czech Republic | The publisher had postponed development on the planned Heart of Russia DLC for Euro Truck Simulator 2, which was first announced in March 2021.  | 14 March 2022  | [206]
Niantic Labs | Game publishing  |  United States | Niantic Labs suspended downloads and gameplay of its games, such as Pokémon Go, in Russia and Belarus.  | 12 March 2022  | [207]
Valve Corporation | Software store  |  United States | Valve, the operator of the Steam platform, announced that they will stop payments to Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. Previously, it was criticized in early March 2022 for remaining in the Russian market despite many other foreign video game companies leaving.  | 17 March 2022  | [199][208]
PGL  | Esports organizer  |  Romania | Virtus.pro and Gambit Esports are barred from participating in the upcoming PGL Antwerp Major and its Regional Major Ranking (RMR). Players from the affected organizations are allowed to play "under neutral names and jerseys".  | 9 April 2022  | [209]

### Food and beverage

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Supermarket retailers, including:

* Coop
* Rimi
* Maxima
* Barbora

| Supermarket  |  Latvia
Lithuania
Estonia | Most supermarkets removed Russian and Belarusian products, such as food, drinks, magazines, and newspapers, with the most notable supermarket chains to join the boycott.  | 24 February 2022 (Lithuania)
25 February 2022 (Latvia)
27 February 2022 (Estonia)  | [210]
[211]
[212]
Liquor regulation organizations including:

* Liquor Control Board of Ontario
* Société des alcools du Québec
* Newfoundland and Labrador Liquor Corporation
* Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Corporation
* Nova Scotia Liquor Corporation
* Saskatchewan Liquor and Gaming Authority

| Government organization  |  Canada | The liquor control boards of several provinces, including the Liquor Control Board of Ontario, the Société des alcools du Québec, the Newfoundland and Labrador Liquor Corporation, the Manitoba Liquor & Lotteries Corporation, the Nova Scotia Liquor Corporation, and the Saskatchewan Liquor and Gaming Authority, were ordered to remove Russian alcohol products from retail stores. The government of British Columbia ceased the import of Russian liquor products, and the Liquor Control Board of Ontario announced the removal of Russian liquor from all 679 liquor retailers within its jurisdiction.  | 25 February 2022  | [213]
[214]
[215]
[216]
[217]
[218][153]
States, including:

* New Hampshire
* Ohio
* Pennsylvania
* Utah
* Virginia

| Government regulation  |  United States | The governors of Ohio, New Hampshire, and Utah placed legal restrictions on the sale of Russian liquor, and many bars, restaurants, and liquor retailers have removed Russian brands from their selections voluntarily, with some supporting Ukrainian liquors in a further show of solidarity with Ukraine. The Virginia Alcoholic Beverage Control Authority pulled Russian-sourced vodka from its stores and places them into storage. Utah and New Hampshire signs executive orders removing all Russian produced and Russian-branded alcohol from its stores. The Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board no longer sells nor procures Russian products.  | 26 February 2022 (Florida, Utah, Virginia and New Hampshire)
28 February 2022 (Pennsylvania)  | [219]
[220]
[221]
[222]
[223]
[224]
Alko | Alcohol monopoly  |  Finland | Alko, the Finnish alcohol monopoly, stopped the sale of Russian alcoholic beverages.  | 28 February 2022  |
Systembolaget | Alcohol monopoly  |  Sweden | Systembolaget, the Swedish alcohol monopoly, stopped the sale of Russian alcoholic beverages.  | 28 February 2022  | [225]
Vinmonopolet | Alcohol monopoly  |  Norway | Vinmonopolet, the Norwegian alcohol monopoly, stopped the sale of Russian alcoholic beverages.  | 1 March 2022  | [226]
Retailers, including:

* S-Group
* Kesko

| Supermarket  |  Finland | Finland's two main retailers removed Russian goods from their shelves.  | 28 February 2022  | [227]
Norgesgruppen | Retailer group  |  Norway | Norgesgruppen, Norway's biggest retailer group and operator behind Meny, Kiwi, Joker and Spar grocery stores removed Russian goods from their shelves.  | 1 March 2022  | [228]
Supermarkets, including:

* Coop
* REMA 1000

| Supermarket  |  Denmark | Most supermarkets removed all Russian products.  | 26 February 2022  | [229]
[230]
Fonterra | Dairy milk producer  |  New Zealand | Fonterra, one of the world's largest dairy producers, suspended shipments of all its dairy products to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [231]
Retailers, including:

* ALDI
* Coles Group
* Endeavour Group (Dan Murphys, BWS)

| Retailer  |  Australia | Australian retailers removed all Russian made alcohol from their stores and services.  | 28 February 2022  | [232]
[233]
Metcash | Retail company  |  Australia | Metcash stops stocking all Russian made products from its company owned stores.  | 28 February 2022  |
Nemiroff | Vodka drink  |  Ukraine | Nemiroff cancelled its licence for production in Russia.  | 6 March 2022  | [234]
Diageo | Liquor maker  |  France | Diageo, famous for creating products including Smirnoff vodka, paused all exports of its spirits to Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [235]
Food retailers, including:

* Sainsbury's
* Morrisons
* Aldi
* Waitrose
* The Co-op

| Food retailer  |  United Kingdom | British food retailers have removed all Russian-made spirits, notably Russian Standard vodka from their shelves.  | 4 March 2022  | [236]
SPI | Liquor maker  |  Latvia | SPI, the holding company behind Stolichnaya vodka has said the company would rebrand its signature vodka to just Stoli, and change the source of the ingredients from Russia to Slovakia.  | 6 March 2022  | [237]
Fazer | Confectionery maker  |  Finland | Fazer had suspended all exports of its confectionery, grain and bakery products from Finland to Russia and stopped all investments. Later, the company exits all its operations in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [238]
Olvi | Beverage maker  |  Finland | Olvi stopped exporting to Russia and Belarus, suspended investments in Belarus and started withdrawing from the Belarusian market.  | 7 March 2022  | [239]
Budvar | Beer maker  |  Czech Republic | Budvar halted beer deliveries to Russia.  | 6 March 2022  | [240]
Atria | Meat  |  Finland | Atria, the company made famous for its meat brands such as Pit-Product and CampoMos, had stop its operations in Russia.  | 7 February 2022  | [241]
Danone | Food and Beverage maker  |  France | Danone had suspending investments in Russia, but would maintain the production and distribution of fresh dairy products and infant nutrition.  | 7 March 2022  | [242]
Arla Foods | Dairy milk producer  |  Denmark | Arla Foods, one of the world's largest dairy producers, suspending its business operations and imports in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [243]
Valio | Dairy milk  |  Finland | Valio had stopped all exports from Finland to Russia and Belarus. Later, the company closed its business operation in Russia, including imports to Finland.  | 7 March 2022  | [244]
Paulig | Food and beverage  |  Finland | The Finnish-based food and beverage company had withdrawed from Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [245]
Yum Brands | Restaurant franchising group  |  United States | Yum Brands, which has 1,000 KFC and Pizza Hut franchises in Russia, had faced criticism for not joining the boycott earlier, announced on 9 March that it would suspend all investment and restaurant development in the country. It also announced it would suspend operations of company-owned KFC restaurants and will make arrangements to suspend Pizza Hut restaurant operations.  | 9 March 2022  | [19][246]
McDonald's | Fast food restaurant  |  United States | McDonald's, which had been criticised for not joining the boycott, announced on 8 March it would temporarily close 850 locations in Russia, but would continue to pay its 62,000 Russian employees.[247] On 27 May, it was announced that the company would sell its Russian restaurants to licensee Alexander Govor,[248] who rebranded them as Vkusno & tochka.This company operative also in Belarus since November 2022.  | 8 March 2022  | [18][249]
Starbucks | Coffee shops  |  United States | Likewise, after being criticised for not joining the boycott, the company announced on 8 March it was suspending all business activity in Russia and would pause store operations at its 130 locations in the country. CEO Kevin Johnson further explained financial support would be provided to affected employees.  | 8 March 2022  | [19]
[17]
[250][251]
The Coca-Cola Company | Beverage maker  |  United States | Coca-Cola, following several days of public pressure, announced on 8 March 2022 it was "suspending its business in Russia".  | 8 March 2022  | [19][20][252]
PepsiCo | Beverage maker  |  United States | PepsiCo, which also initially resisted boycott calls, announced in a letter from CEO Ramon Laguarta, said that the "suspension of the sale of Pepsi-Cola, and our global beverage brands in Russia, including 7Up and Mirinda[,]... capital investments and all advertising and promotional activities in Russia." However, PepsiCo maintained it had a "responsibility" to continue to sell "milk and other dairy offerings, baby formula and baby food", and "by continuing to operate, we will also continue to support the livelihoods of our 20,000 Russian associates and the 40,000 Russian agricultural workers in our supply chain".  | 8 March 2022  | [17]
[16][18]
[19]
[20]
[253]
Heineken N.V. | Beer  |  Netherlands | Heineken has stopped the production and sale of its namesake brand of beer in Russia. It had previously announced a suspension on new investments and exports to Russia. A number of local Russian brands continue operating, but they will be financially isolated from the main company.  | 9 March 2022  | [254]
[255]
[256]
Carlsberg Group | Beer  |  Denmark | Carlsberg has suspended further investments in, and exports to or from, Russia. Production and sale of its namesake brand of beer has been stopped. The local Russian Baltika brands continues operating, but any potential profits will be forwarded to humanitarian organisations.  | 9 March 2022  | [257]
[258]
[259]
Lindt | Candy maker  |   Switzerland | Lindt temporarily closed their shops and suspended all of their deliveries to Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [260]
Brown–Forman | Liquor maker  |  United States | Brown–Forman, owners of several brands including Jack Daniel's and Finlandia Vodka, suspended commercial operations in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [261]
Nestlé | Food and beverage maker  |   Switzerland | Nestlé had suspended all capital investment in Russia on March 9, 2022. Two weeks later, amid public pressure, the company would suspend advertising, imports and exports of non-essential brands such as Nesquik and KitKat, and overall profits in the country of Russia. Essential products such as baby formula and hospital nutrition continue to be sold, with all profits being directed towards humanitarian organizations.  | 2 March 2022 (advertising, imports and exports on non-essential brands)
9 March 2022 (capital investment)  | [262]
[263]
Papa John's | Fast food restaurant  |  United States | Papa John's has suspended all corporate operations in Russia, but it will still have 188 independent franchisee-owned stores in Russia, but it has halted all operational, marketing and business support to Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [264]
[265]
KFC | Fast food restaurant  |  United States | After pressure from Alaskan legislators, the Alaska Permanent Fund announced it will not purchase any new Russian securities and will look to divest its Russian portfolio, consisting of US$63m in fixed income, US$153m in public equities and US$2.7m in private equity.  | October 2022  |
Kraft Heinz | Condiment maker  |  United States | Kraft Heinz, which sells ketchup and other condiments in Russia, is suspending all new investments in Russia, as well as all exports and imports of its products into and out of Russia.  | 8 March 2022  | [266]
Little Caesars | Fast food restaurant  |  United States | Little Caesars halts all operations at Russian stores, which are owned by franchisees.  | 9 March 2022  | [267]
Mars, Incorporated | Food and animal care maker  |  United States | Mars, the food and animal care corporation including the maker of M&M's and Snickers, had expanding production in Russia in August 2021, announced on 1 March that they will suspending advertising in Russia and Belarus, but will continue to produce goods at its factories, including in five facilities that produce its pet food. Later on 10 March the company suspended new investments in Russia and will not import or export their products in or out of Russia, but it will refocus their efforts in Russia on their "essential role in feeding the Russian people and pets."  | 1 March 2022 (advertising)
10 March 2022 (investments)  | [268]
[269]
Mondelez International | Food and beverage maker  |  United States | Mondelez International announced that has scaled back all non-essential activities in Russia, but it will continue helping maintain the food supply during the invasion.  | 9 March 2022 (non-essential activities only)  | [270]
Kellogg's | Cereal maker  |  United States | Kellogg's, a company that specializes on cereals and operates several plants in Russia; announced that the company has suspended all shipments and investments in Russia.  | 8 March 2022  | [271]
Burger King | Fast food restaurant  |  United States | Burger King, a fast food franchise, called for suspension of all of its 880 franchised locations in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [272]
National Mustard Museum | Museum  |  United States | National Mustard Museum removed Russian mustards from exhibition, saying the mustards will be back "once the invasion of Ukraine is over and Russia recognizes and respects the sovereign nation of Ukraine" on a sign. The museum reverted the removal after the incident went viral online, saying Russian mustard makers are not responsible for the Ukrainian War.  | 15 March 2022  | [182][273]

### Goods

[edit]

#### Automotive

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Ford Motor Company | Cars  |  United States | Ford suspended all sales and operations in Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [274][275]
General Motors | Cars  |  United States | GM, the maker of Chevrolet, Buick, Cadillac and GMC vehicles, suspended all sales and operations in Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [274][275]
Jaguar Cars | Cars  |  United Kingdom | Jaguar suspended all sales and operations in Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [274][275]
Volvo | Cars  |  Sweden | Volvo suspended all sales and operations in Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [274][275]
Honda | Cars  |  Japan | Honda suspended all exports to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [276]
Toyota | Cars  |  Japan | Toyota announced it halted production at its plant in Saint Petersburg and ceased all shipments to Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [277]
Mazda | Cars  |  Japan | Mazda suspended shipments of parts to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [278]
Mitsubishi Motors | Cars  |  Japan | Mitsubishi Motors assessed the risk of operating in Russia. Mitsubishi operates a small plant in partnership with Stellantis in Kaluga, southwest of Moscow. The plant employs about 2,700 people and produces small delivery vans.  | 28 February 2022  | [278]
Volkswagen | Cars  |  Germany | Volkswagen suspended production at Kaluga and Nizhny Novgorod sites and also stopped exports to Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [279]
Nissan | Cars  |  Japan | Nissan is halting work at its factory in the Russian city of St. Petersburg. Earlier it had suspended vehicle exports to Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [280]
Stellantis | Cars  |  Netherlands | Stellantis, the maker of Jeep, Fiat and Peugeot vehicles, has suspended exports of cars from Russia and imports of vehicles into the country. It operates a small plant in partnership with Mitsubishi in Kaluga, southwest of Moscow. The plant employs about 2,700 people and produces small delivery vans.  | 10 March 2022  | [281]
Hyundai Motor Company | Cars  |  South Korea | Hyundai, which produces about 200,000 cars in Russia annually, was criticized for not joining the boycott early. On 1 March, it announced suspension of production in Russia but sales have not paused. Hyundai holds a 70% stake in the Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Rus plant in St. Petersburg which is being sold in December 2023.  | 1 March 2022 (suspension of production)  | [282][283][284][285][286]
Daimler Truck Holding AG | Trucks  |  Germany | Daimler Truck Holding AG discontinued business activities in Russia and reviewed ties with Kamaz.  | 28 February 2022  | [275]
Harley-Davidson | Motorcycle  |  United States | Harley-Davidson suspended all business in Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [275]
Yamaha Motor Company | Motorcycle  |  Japan | Yamaha Motor Company suspended cycling exports in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [287]

#### Apparel and accessories

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Nike, Inc. | Sports clothing  |  United States | Nike halted all online sales in Russia, stating it could not guarantee delivery of products. However, its stores throughout Russia were open on 11 March, more than a week after the sports retailer said it was temporarily closing down all its approximately 100 shops in the country. On 23 June 2022, Nike announced that it would fully exit Russia.  | 1 March 2022 (online sales)
11 March 2022 (retail stores)
23 June 2022 (full exit)  | [288][289][290]
Adidas | Sports clothing  |  Germany | Adidas announced on 1 March that it suspend its kit partnership with Russian Football Union, but it later announced on 9 March that most of its 500 stores operating in Russia, had closed them along with online sales there.  | 1 March 2022 (Russian Football Union partnership)
9 March 2022 (Retail stores)  | [291][292]
H&M | Clothing  |  Sweden | H&M paused all sales in Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [293]
Burberry | Clothing  |  United Kingdom | Burberry paused all sales in Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [293]
YOOX Net-a-Porter Group | E-commerce  |  Italy | YOOX Net-a-Porter Group, operator of Net-A-Porter, YOOX, The Outnet and Mr. Porter, had suspended deliveries in the country.  | 2 March 2022  | [288]
Farfetch | E-commerce  |  United Kingdom Portugal | Farfetch had suspended deliveries in the country.  | 2 March 2022  | [288]
LVMH | Fashion retailer group  |  France | LVMH, operator of fashion retail brands Dior, Givenchy, Fendi, Sephora and Bulgari and has 124 stores in Russia, announced that they will close all of their stores in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [294][295]
Hermès | Fashion retailer  |  France | Hermès announced that they will close 3 stores in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [294][295]
Chanel | Fashion retailer  |  France | Chanel announced that they will close 17 stores in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [294][295]
Kering | Fashion retailer group  |  France | Kering, operator of fashion retail brands Gucci, Yves Saint Laurent, Bottega Veneta, and Balenciaga, announced that they will close all of their stores in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [294][295]
Richemont | Fashion retailer group  |   Switzerland | Richemont, operator of fashion retail brands Cartier, Buccellati, Piaget and Montblanc, announced that they will close all of their stores in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [294][295]
ASOS | Online fashion retailer  |  United Kingdom | ASOS suspended sales in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [296]
Boohoo.com | Online fashion retailer  |  United Kingdom | Boohoo.com suspended sales in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [296]
Marks & Spencer | Retail  |  United Kingdom | Marks & Spencer has stopped shipments to its Russian franchise stores, and is donating £500 000 ($666,000, €605 000) to UNHCR.  | 3 March 2022  | [297]
Zara (Inditex) | Luxury clothing  |  Spain | Inditex, the owner of Zara, is temporarily closing all its shops in Russia and halting online sales.  | 5 March 2022  | [298]
TJX | Retail company  |  United States | TJX sells its 25% stake in Russian clothing retailer Familia.  | 4 March 2022  | [299]
Puma | Fashion retailer  |  Germany | Puma suspends operation of all its stores in Russia.  | 5 March 2022  | [300]
Prada | Fashion retailer  |  Italy | Prada suspended retail operations in Russia.  | 5 March 2022  | [301]
Reserved (LPP) | Luxury clothing  |  Poland | LPP, the owner of Reserved, suspended all of its business activities in Russia. The company has around 500 stores in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [302]
Canada Goose | Clothing  |  Canada | Canada Goose suspended all wholesale and e-commerce sales in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [303]
Levi Strauss & Co | Jeans  |  United States | Levis suspended its Russian operations, including any new investments.  | 6 March 2022  | [304]
Rolex | Watch  |   Switzerland | Rolex announced a halt of its exports to Russia.  | 8 March 2022  | [305]
Victoria's Secret | Underwear  |  United States | Victoria's Secret suspended its business in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [306]
Crocs | Footwear  |  United States | Crocs pausing its direct-to-consumer business, inclusive of e-commerce and retail operations, in Russia. It will also pause the importation of goods into the country.  | 2 March 2022  | [307]
Uniqlo (Fast Retailing) | Clothing  |  Japan | Fast Retailing, the clothing giant that owns Uniqlo, announced that they will temporarily suspend their operations after some initial resistance. When asked about the possibility of closing Uniqlo in Russia, CEO Tadashi Yanai told Nikkei Asia "clothing is a necessity of life," and "the people of Russia have the same right to live as we do." The company later announced on 10 March said that operational challenges and a worsening of the conflict forced it to temporarily suspend operations.  | 10 March 2022  | [308][309][310]

#### Other

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

IKEA | Retail  |  Sweden | IKEA closed their 17 stores in Russia and halted sourcing materials from Russia and Belarus, but its 14 malls in Russia, branded "Mega", remain open. IKEA's decision to close their stores led to Russian consumers panic buying furniture and home appliances on the final day of the store's operations in the country.  | 3 March 2022 (Furniture stores)  | [311][312]
Jysk | Retail  |  Denmark | Jysk closed their stores in Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [313]
British Land | Land leasing  |  United Kingdom | British Land will terminate its rental contract with Gazprom's global trading arm based in central London. Gazprom Marketing & Trading (GM&T) had occupied the top floors of 20 Triton Street in Regent's Park.  | 7 March 2022  | [314]
Solvay S.A. | Chemicals  |  Belgium | Solvay S.A. suspended operations or investment in the country.  | 7 March 2022  | [315]
Fiskars Group  | Consumer products  |  Finland | Fiskars Group has decided to withdraw completely from the Russian market.  | 7 March 2022  | [316]
Kemira | Chemicals  |  Finland | Kemira discontinued deliveries to Russia and Belarus, primarily impacting pulp and paper customers in Russia.  | 1 March 2022  | [317]
The Estée Lauder Companies | Cosmetics  |  United States | Estée Lauder, manufacturer and marketer of skin care, makeup, fragrance and hair care products, announced on 7 March they have also decided to suspend all commercial activity in the country, closing every store they own and operate including their brand sites as well as ceasing shipments to any of their retailers in Russia. Later, they initially suspended the company's business investments and initiatives in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [318]
Procter & Gamble | Conglomerate  |  United States | P&G is ending all new capital investments in Russia and "significantly reducing" its portfolio there.  | 7 March 2022  | [319]
The Lego Group | Toy maker  |  Denmark | The Lego Group stopped deliveries of their products to Russia. Lego does not own stores in the country; 81 Russian Lego stores are owned and run by the local Inventive Retail Group, but they will not receive further shipments. The company meanwhile announced it will donate funds in collaboration with The LEGO Foundation and Ole Kirk's Fond to UNICEF, Save the Children, and the Danish Red Cross for $16.5 million.  | 5 March 2022  | [320][321][202]
Horst Brandstätter Group  | Toy maker  |  Germany | The Horst Brandstätter Group, the company behind Playmobil and Lechuza, announced that they halted sales and deliveries of these products to Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [202]
Mattel | Toy maker  |  United States | Mattel, one of the largest toy makers in America, most notably creating products like Barbie, Hot Wheels and Polly Pocket among others, announced that they paused all shipments into Russia and contributed $1 million in toys and cash to support organizations on the front lines including Save the Children and Polish local charities SOS Children's Villages and Caritas Polska. the company also announced that they launching a special retailer sales program in Europe with 100% of the proceeds of key products to be donated to other charities in neighboring countries including Poland and Czech Republic.  | 10 March 2022  | [322][202]
Moose Toys | Toy maker  |  United States | Moose Toys announced that they will suspend distribution of toys to Russia and it will donating $100,000 to Save the Children and it also supporting Dream Doctors to sending clown doctors to the children of the Ukraine-Moldova border.  | 28 February 2022  | [202]
YIT | Construction  |  Finland | YIT, Finland's biggest construction company, discontinued construction material purchases from Russia and has halted investments in plots or start up new apartments in Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [323]
Metsä Group | Forest products  |  Finland | Metsä Group has discontinued its operations in Russia. Wood procurement in Russia for the Svir sawmill and imports to Metsä Group's Finnish and Swedish mills has also been discontinued.  | 10 March 2022  | [324]
Stora Enso | Paper and packaging  |  Finland | Stora Enso, a provider of renewable products in packaging, biomaterials, wooden construction and paper, had stopped all production and sales in Russia and all export and import to and from Russia.  | 8 March 2022  | [325]
UPM | Forest industry  |  Finland | UPM had ceased deliveries to Russia, but announced operations at its Russian sites continue. The company later announced they ill suspend purchasing of wood in and from Russia as well as the UPM Chudovo plywood mill operations for the time being.  | 8 March 2022 (deliveries)
9 March 2022 (plywood mill operations)  | [326][327]
Unilever | Conglomerate  |  United Kingdom
Netherlands | Unilever suspends all investments, imports and exports into and out of Russia, but will continue to supply everyday essential food and hygiene products made in Russia to people in the country.  | 9 March 2022  | [328]
L'Oréal | Cosmetics  |  France | L'Oréal, the world's largest cosmetics company, said it will temporarily close its stores, e-commerce sites, and directly operated department store counters in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [329]
Mothercare | Retail  |  United Kingdom | Mothercare suspends business in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [330]
Imperial Brands | Conglomerate  |  United Kingdom | Imperial Brands, a tobacco company, halted production, sales and marketing of its products in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [331]
Philip Morris International | Tobacco  |  United States | Philip Morris International, a tobacco company which has 3,200 workers in Russia, suspends investments in Russia and scales back manufacturing, but is continuing to pay salaries to all its employees in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [332]
Shopify | E-commerce  |  Canada | Shopify had suspend Russian operations.  | 9 March 2022  | [333]
Rio Tinto | Mining  |  United Kingdom
Australia | Rio Tinto is in the process of terminating all commercial relationships it has with any Russian business, but it did not immediately respond to questions on whether it would continue to buy Russian fuel and other products through non-Russian third parties.  | 10 March 2022  | [334]
3M | Conglomerate  |  United States | 3M is suspending all of its business operations in Russia, where it operates at least one factory.  | 10 March 2022  | [335]
Inglot Cosmetics | Cosmetics  |  Poland | Inglot Cosmetics announced it stopped shipments of its products to the company's stores in Russia and undertook legal measures to ban the use of the company's trademark across Russia.  | 24 February 2022  | [336]
Tata Steel | Steel  |  India | Tata Steel said that its steel manufacturing sites in India, the UK and the Netherlands would sourced alternative supplies of raw materials to end its dependence on Russia.  | 20 April 2022  | [337]

### Services

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

White & Case | Law firm  |  United States | White & Case reviewed and ended Russian-related operations and clients.  | 1 March 2022  | [338]
Baker McKenzie | Law firm  |  United States | Baker McKenzie reviewed and ended Russian-related operations and clients.  | 1 March 2022  | [338]
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius | Law firm  |  United States | Morgan, Lewis & Bockius reviewed and ended Russian-related operations and clients.  | 1 March 2022  | [338]
Sidley Austin | Law firm  |  United States | Sidley Austin terminated registrations to lobby in Washington for sanctioned financial institutions.  | 1 March 2022  | [338]
Venable LLP | Law firm  |  United States | Venable LLP terminated registrations to lobby in Washington for sanctioned financial institutions.  | 1 March 2022  | [338]
The Big Four accounting firms, including:

* KPMG
* Ernst & Young
* PricewaterhouseCoopers
* Deloitte

| Accounting firm  |  United Kingdom | The Big Four accounting firms reduced their activity in Russia. Consulting company KPMG ended some Russian client relationships. Ernst & Young (EY) and PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) separated their Russian firms from the global network. Deloitte, the largest member of the Big Four, separated their practices in Russia and Belarus and removed them from the global network, effectively ceasing Deloitte operations in these two countries. The Deloitte action has affected about 3,000 employees in the Russian and Belarusian firms.  | 3 March 2022 (KPMG)
7 March 2022 (other firms)
| [339]
[340]
[341]
[342]
[343]
Accenture | Technology consulting firm  |  Ireland | Accenture discontinued all its Russian business affecting about 2,300 Russian employees.  | 3 February 2022  | [344][345]
Infosys | Technology consulting firm  |  India | Infosys announced on that it would be moving its business out of Russia.  | 13 April 2022  | [346]
Grant Thornton International | Accounting firm  |  United States | Grant Thornton International announced its Russian member firm is leaving the network, noting it had done work for Gazprom and the Central Bank of Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [347]
AECOM | Engineering firm  |  United States | AECOM announced it will immediately exit from its Russia business.  | 7 March 2022  | [348]
OneWeb | Satellite Internet access  |  United Kingdom | OneWeb suspended all launches from Russia's Baikonur Cosmodrome and reviewed all projects involving Russian collaboration. This came after Russian Director of Roscosmos, Dmitry Rogozin, demanded OneWeb provide a guarantee that its satellites were not going to be used against Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [349]

### Shipping and transport

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

United Parcel Service | Freight courier  |  United States | UPS announced they would halt shipments to Russia.  | 27 February 2022  | [350]
DHL | Freight courier  |  Germany | DHL announced they would halt shipments to Russia.  | 27 February 2022  |
FedEx | Freight courier  |  United States | FedEx announced they would halt shipments to Russia.  | 27 February 2022  | [350]
Maersk | Container shipping  |  Denmark | Maersk, a Danish container shipping company, and one of the largest container shipping companies in the world, halted all container shipping to Russia, except for basic food products, medicine and humanitarian aid.  | 1 March 2022  | [351]
Mediterranean Shipping Company | Container shipping  |   Switzerland | MSC, a Swiss container shipping company, and one of the largest container shipping companies in the world, halted all container shipping to Russia, except for basic food products, medicine and humanitarian aid.  | 1 March 2022  | [351]
CMA CGM | Container shipping  |  France | CMA CGM, a French container shipping company, and one of the largest container shipping companies in the world, halted all container shipping to Russia, except for basic food products, medicine and humanitarian aid.  | 1 March 2022  | [352]
Hapag-Lloyd | Container shipping  |  Germany | Hapag-Lloyd, a German container shipping company, and one of the largest container shipping companies in the world, halted all container shipping to Russia, except for basic food products, medicine and humanitarian aid.  | 1 March 2022  | [352]
Ocean Network Express | Container shipping  |  Japan | ONE, a Japanese container shipping company, and one of the largest container shipping companies in the world, halted all container shipping to Russia, except for basic food products, medicine and humanitarian aid.  | 1 March 2022  | [352]
Finnlines | Shipping operator  |  Finland | Finnlines, a Finnish shipping operator of ro-ro and passenger services, suspends its services to and from Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [353]

#### Aviation

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Airbus | Aircraft manufacturing  |  Netherlands | Airbus suspended support for Russian airlines, and suspended services provided by the Airbus Engineering Centre in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [354]
Boeing | Aircraft manufacturing  |  United States | Boeing announced it had suspended 'major operations' in Russia, including support for Russian airlines. It has also suspended buying titanium from Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [354][355]
Delta Air Lines | Airline  |  United States | Delta Air Lines suspended its codeshare agreement with Russian flag carrier Aeroflot.  | 25 February 2022  | [356]
Alaska Airlines | Airline  |  United States | Alaska Airlines suspended its mileage partnership with S7 Airlines, and interline relationships with Aeroflot and S7 Airlines.  | 1 March 2022  | [357]
Embraer | Aircraft manufacturing  |  Brazil | Embraer announced the halting of supply of parts and aircraft to Russia.  | 3 March 2022  | [citation needed]
Sabre Corporation | Travel technology  |  United States | Sabre Corporation terminated its agreement with Aeroflot.  | 3 March 2022  | [358]
Amadeus CRS | Travel technology  |  Spain | Amadeus CRS suspended Russian state-backed airlines, including Aeroflot and S7 Airlines.  | 3 March 2022  | [359]
Avia Solutions Group | Aircraft manufacturing  |  Cyprus | Avia Solutions Group suspended all operations in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]

#### Space

[edit]

Continued international collaboration on missions to the International Space Station (ISS) has been thrown into doubt.[360]

A petition to withdraw international support from Russian satellite navigation system GLONASS and boycott the platform has been proposed by Polish engineer Daniel Kucharski from University of Texas at Austin and signed by tens of thousands of individuals. It is now being considered by ILRS.[361]

### Sports

[edit]

Full boycotts
Organisation  | Role  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

International Olympic Committee | Sports competition governing body  | Worldwide  | The IOC called upon international sporting federations to either move or cancel any sports events planned in Russia or Belarus. It recommended sports federations and organisers not invite or allow the participation of Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials in international competitions.  | 25 February 2022  | [362]
[363]
[364]
International Paralympics Committee | Sports competition governing body  | Worldwide  | The IPC banned Russian and Belarusian para-athletes from the 2022 Winter Paralympics in Beijing, following threats of boycotts by other nations.  | 3 March 2022  | [365]
Governments  | Governments  |  United States
Canada
Japan
Australia
New Zealand
Europe  | Government officials from 37 countries signed a joint statement asking sports federations to ban Russian athletes and teams from competing in other countries, supporting the position by the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympics Committee. Signatories include United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and multiple European countries.  | 8 March 2022  | [366]
[367]
Sports governing bodies, including:

* World Archery Federation (WAF)
* World Athletics,
* International Biathlon Union (IBU)
* Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI)
* Badminton World Federation (BWF)
* International Canoe Federation (ICF)
* International Handball Federation (IHF)
* International Modern Pentathlon Union (UPIM)
* World Rowing
* International Surfing Association (ISA)
* World Sailing
* International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF)
* International Skating Union (ISU)
* International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF)
* World Triathlon
* International Weightlifting Federation (IWF)
* United World Wrestling
* International Bobsleigh and Skeleton Federation (IBSF)
* International Luge Federation (ILF)
* International Gymnastics Federation (FIG)

| Sports governing body  | Worldwide  | The WAF, World Athletics, the IBU, the UCI, the BWF, the ICF, the IHF, the UPIM, World Rowing, the ISA, World Sailing, the ISSF, the ISU, the ITTF, World Triathlon, the IWF, United World Wrestling, the IBSF, the ILF and the FIG banned Russian and Belarusian athletes from participating in their events, in line with the IOC's recommendation.  | 26 February 2022 (FIG and UCI)
28 February 2022 (UPIM)
1 March 2022 (World Rowing, World Sailing, ICF, BWF and ISA) 2 March 2022 (United World Wrestling and World Athletics)
3 March 2022 (IWF, ISU, and WAF)  | [368]
[369]
[370]
[371]
[372]
[373]
[374]
[375]
[376]
[377]
[378]
[379]
[380]
[381]
All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club (AELTC)

Lawn Tennis Association (LTA)

| Tennis governing body  |  United Kingdom | Russian and Belarusian athletes were banned from participating in the 2022 Wimbledon Championships and other tennis events in the United Kingdom. This was despite the worldwide governing bodies allowing athletes to play under a neutral flag. In retaliation for the unilateral decision, the bodies stripped ranking points from the Wimbledon tournament and levied fines against both organisations. A decision is yet to be made as to whether this ban will continue into the 2023 tournament.[382] | 20 April 2022  | [383]
Estonian Tennis Association | Tennis governing body  |  Estonia | The Estonian Government, and Estonian Tennis Association banned Russian and Belarusian players from entering tennis tournaments in the country. This affected the 2022 Tallinn Open, as well as a number of smaller ITF tournaments.  | 18 July 2022  | [384]
World Skate | Roller sports governing body  | Worldwide  | World Skate banned all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from participating in competitions sanctioned by World Skate. Before the ban, World Skate initially allowed Russian and Belarusian athletes to compete as neutrals.  | 2 April 2022  | [385]
International Federation of Sport Climbing (ISFC)  | Sport climbing governing body  | Worldwide  | The IFSC banned all Russian and Belarusian climbers from competing in IFSC competitions until further notice. Furthermore, it stripped Russian city Moscow from hosting one of the events at the 2022 IFSC Climbing World Cup.  | 1 March 2022  | [386]
Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB)  | Volleyball governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIVB declared all Russian and Belarusian club and national teams won't be eligible to compete in FIVB competitions until further notice. Furthermore, FIVB stripped Russia of its hosting rights of the 2022 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship.  | 1 March 2022  | [387]
European Volleyball Confederation (CEV)  | Volleyball governing body  | Europe  | The CEV declared all Russian and Belarusian club and national teams won't be eligible to compete in CEV competitions until further notice.  | 1 March 2022  | [388]
World Rugby | Rugby governing body  | Worldwide  | World Rugby banned all Russian and Belarusian national and club teams from its competitions and suspended Both of the countries memberships indefinitely.  | 3 March 2022  | [389]
Rugby Europe | Rugby governing body  | Europe  | Rugby Europe banned all Russian and Belarusian national and club teams from its competitions and suspended Both of the countries memberships indefinitely.  | 3 March 2022  | [389]
International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF)  | Ice Hockey governing body  | Worldwide  | The IIHF suspended all Russian and Belarusian national and club teams from its competitions and stripped Russia of hosting rights for both the 2023 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships and the 2023 IIHF World Championship.  | 3 March 2022 & 26 April 2022  | [364][390]
[391]
World Curling Federation (WCF)  | Curling governing body  | Worldwide  | The WCF proposed a rule to ban Russian athletes and moved the 2022 European Curling Championships away from Perm.  | 28 February 2022  | [392]
International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI)  | Equestrian governing body  | Worldwide  | The FEI removed all events from Russia and Belarus and an indefinite ban on participation by Russian and Belarusian athletes, horses, and officials in FEI events.  | 28 February 2022 (events)
2 March 2022 (Athletes, Horses & Officials ban)  | [393]
[394]
Fédération Internationale d'Escrime (FIE)  | Fencing governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIE, which governs fencing, banned all Russian and Belarusian athletes. Ukraine pulled out of the 2022 Fencing World Cup to avoid facing Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [395]
[396]
World Taekwondo | Taekwondo governing body  | Worldwide  | World Taekwondo banned Russian and Belarusian athletes from competing at its events and will no longer organise or recognise events in Russia and Belarus. Furthermore, it stripped Vladimir Putin of the honorary black belt given to him in 2013.  | 2 March 2022 (stripping of Putin's honorary black belt)
3 March 2022 (athletes ban and hosting of events)  | [397]
[398]
The R&A | Golf governing body  |  Canada
South America (excluding Mexico)
Europe
Asia  | The R&A, which governs golf outside the U.S. and Mexico, announced it would decline applications from Russian and Belarusian golfers for scheduled events.  | 4 March 2022  | [399]
International World Games Association | Sports competition governing body  | Worldwide  | The IWGA banned Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from participating in the 2022 World Games.  | 1 March 2022  | [400]
FINA (World Aquatics)  | Swimming governing body  | Worldwide  | On 25 February, FINA, the international governing body for aquatic sports, removed the FINA Water Polo World League match between Russia and Greece scheduled to take place in Saint Petersburg on 8 March from the calendar, as well as cancelled a 2022 FINA Diving World Series event and a 2022 FINA Artistic Swimming World Series event, scheduled to be the first ever joint event between the two World Series to take place in Kazan in April. It withdrew the FINA Order awarded to Vladimir Putin in 2014 on 1 March 2022, the same day it announced athletes and officials from both Belarus and Russia would not be allowed to compete using their country's name, colours, nor anthem at any FINA events indefinitely. The 2022 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships scheduled for August in Kazan was initially cancelled before being announced it would change host. On 8 March, FINA implemented a protocol for individual review of athletes deemed to be of concern for the safety and well-being of participants at its competitions. On 23 March, FINA later banned all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from taking part at the 2022 World Aquatics Championships and withdrew the 2022 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) from being held in Kazan. Furthermore, it opened a disciplinary procedure against Russian swimmer Evgeny Rylov for his alleged participation in the 2022 Moscow rally. On 20 April 2022, FINA suspended Rylov from FINA competitions and activities for nine months and banned all Russian and Belarusian athletes and officials from all FINA events through the end of 2022. On 5 April 2023, it announced the ban on Russian and Belarusian athletes from its competitions was in effect indefinitely.  | 25 February 2022 (scheduled events)
1 March 2022 (stripping of Putin's FINA Order award)
8 March 2022 (individual athlete review protocol)
23 March 2022 (athletes and officials ban and the withdrawal of 2022 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) hosting)
20 April 2022 (individual athlete suspension, athletes and officials ban)
5 April 2023 (athletes ban extended from 2022)  | [401]
[402]
[403]
[404]
[405]
[406]
[407]
[408]
LEN | Swimming governing body  | Europe  | LEN, the governing body for aquatic sports in Europe, banned all athletes and officials from Russia and Belarus from taking part in their competitions, as well as announced withholding LEN events from taking place in either country.  | 3 March 2022  | [409]
British Cycling | Cycling governing body  |  United Kingdom | Russian and Belarusian cyclists were banned from all events in the United Kingdom by British Cycling.  | 3 March 2022  | [410]
Royal Dutch Skating Federation [nl] (KNSB)  | Skating governing body  |  Netherlands | Russian and Belarusian skaters were banned from all events organized by the KNSB.  | 28 February 2022  | [411]
Royal Dutch Cycling Union (KNWU)  | Cycling governing body  |  Netherlands | Russian and Belarusian cyclists were banned from all events in the Netherlands by the RDCU.  | 2 March 2022  | [412]

Partial boycotts
Organisation  | Role  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

UEFA | Association football governing body  | Europe  | UEFA, the European governing body for football, decided to relocate the Champions League final from Saint Petersburg to Saint-Denis, France, after a meeting of the body's executive committee. The national football teams of Poland, the Czech Republic, and Sweden refused to play against Russia. On 28 February, after criticism for its decision and a prospect of boycotts by multiple countries, UEFA went further and indefinitely suspended Russian teams from playing international football. On 4 March, Russia appealed suspensions by UEFA to the Court of Arbitration for Sport. However, on 15 March, the appeal for the UEFA suspension was later upheld.  | 15 March 2022 (official suspension)  | [413]
[414]
[415]
[416]
[417]
FIFA | Association football governing body  | Worldwide  | On 27 February, FIFA announced that Russian teams would have to play as "Football Union of Russia", without flags or anthems; moreover, any "home" games would be played at a neutral site without fans. On 28 February, after criticism for its decision and a prospect of boycotts by multiple countries, FIFA went further and indefinitely suspended Russian teams from playing international football. On 4 March, Russia appealed suspensions by FIFA to the Court of Arbitration for Sport. However, on 18 March, the appeal for the FIFA suspension was later upheld.  | 18 March 2022 (official suspension)  | [418]
[416][419]
[417][420]
Formula One | Motorsport league  | Worldwide  | Formula One called off the 2022 Russian Grand Prix, with world champions Sebastian Vettel and Max Verstappen calling it "wrong" to race in the country. It also cancelled its contract with the promoter for races in Russia, which ran through 2025.  | 3 March 2022 (removal of Russian GP)  | [421]
[422]
[423]
Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA)  | Motorsport governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIA announced that while Russian and Belarusian teams were banned from competing, Russian and Belarusian drivers are still allowed to compete under a neutral flag, while releasing a series of guidelines.  | 2 March 2022  | [424]
[425]
Motorsport UK | Motorsport governing body  |  United Kingdom | Motorsport UK barred Russian and Belarusian drivers from competing in British motorsport events, including the upcoming British Grand Prix in July.  | 2 March 2022  | [426]
Haas F1 Team | Racing team  |  United States | The Haas F1 Team ended their sponsorship agreements with Russian chemical company Uralkali, and the team terminated the contract of their Russian driver Nikita Mazepin, getting replaced by Kevin Magnussen.  | 5 March 2022  | [427]
Hitech Grand Prix | Racing team  |  United Kingdom | F1 support series team Hitech Grand Prix ended their sponsorship agreement with Russian chemical company Uralkali.  | 11 March 2022  | [428]
International Judo Federation | Judo governing body  | Worldwide  | The IJF suspended President Putin's status as "Honorary President and Ambassador of the International Judo Federation" on 27 February. It also cancelled all judo competitions in Russia on 7 March. Russian athletes would be allowed to participate in IJF events only under the IJF flag, logo and anthem. Then, on 2 March, the IJF removed Putin and Russian billionaire Arkady Rotenberg, the development manager of the IJF Executive Committee, from all positions.  | 27 February 2022 (suspension of Putin's "Honorary President and Ambassador" status)
2 March 2022 (cancelation of judo competitions)
7 March 2022 (resignation of Rotenberg as development manager of the IJF Executive Committee)  | [429]
[430]
[431]
National Hockey League | Hockey league  | North America  | The NHL announced that it was suspending all Russian business relationships, pausing Russian language websites, and would not host future competitions in Russia. Russian players are still allowed to play.  | 28 February 2022  | [432]
Jokerit | Hockey team  |  Finland | Jokerit withdrew from the 2021–2022 playoffs in Russia's top-tier Kontinental Hockey League, and then from the league entirely.  | 28 February 2022  | [433]
[434]
Dinamo Riga | Hockey team  |  Latvia | Dinamo Riga withdrew from Russia's top-tier Kontinental Hockey League.  | 28 February 2022  | [435]
International Hockey Federation (FIH)  | Hockey governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIH, which governs field hockey, decided to exclude Russia from the 2022 Women's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup in South Africa.  | 3 March 2022  | [436]
International Chess Federation (FIDE)  | Chess governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIDE banned Russian and Belarusian flags from international chess events, ended sponsorships with Russian and Belarusian sanctioned companies, and opened bids to other countries to host the 44th Chess Olympiad. Furthermore, it suspended Anatoly Karpov's title of FIDE Ambassador for Life.  | 3 March 2022  | [437]
International Go Federation (IGF)  | Go tournament governing body  | Worldwide  | The IGF banned Russian and Belarusian players from competing under their flags in IGF hosted events, while urging its members to relocate or cancel their events currently planned in Russia or Belarus.  | 11 March 2022  | [438]
European Go Federation (EGF)  | Go tournament governing body  | Europe  | The EGF suspended Russia's membership in the organization, cancelled or relocated events planned in Russia; and banned the display of Russian national symbols, flags or anthems in EGF organized events.  | 6 March 2022  | [439]
FC Schalke 04 | Soccer team  |  Germany | FC Schalke 04 ended its sponsorship deal with Russian state-controlled oil and gas company Gazprom.  | 28 February 2022  | [440]
Euroleague Basketball | Basketball league  | Europe  | The Euroleague Basketball suspended participation of Russian teams CSKA Moscow, UNICS Kazan, and Zenit Saint Petersburg in the 2021–2022 EuroLeague and of Lokomotiv Kuban Krasnodar from the 2021–2022 EuroCup.  | 3 March 2022  | [441]
FIBA | Basketball governing body  | Worldwide  | FIBA, the international governing body for basketball, suspended participation of Russian national teams and officials in FIBA basketball and 3x3 basketball competitions until further notice. The Russian national team was expelled from the 2022 FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup. And FIBA Europe suspended Russian teams UMMC Ekaterinburg, Dynamo Kursk and MBA Moscow from the playoffs of EuroLeague Women and Russian team BC Avtodor from 2021–22 FIBA Europe Cup.  | 3 March 2022  | [442]
AusCycling | Cycling organization  |  Australia | AusCycling announced a ban on Russian or Belarusian teams at the 2022 UCI Road World Championships to be held in Australia in September.  | 1 March 2022  | [443]
International Ski Federation (FIS)  | Ski sport governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIS cancelled all skiing events in Russia.  | 25 February 2022  | [444]
Norwegian Ski Federation (Skiing-Norway)  | Ski sport governing body  |  Norway | the Norwegian Ski Federation told Russian athletes "we do not want your participation" in its upcoming events.  | 26 February 2022  | [445]
World Karate Federation | Karate governing body  | Worldwide  | The WKF relocated the 2022 Karate1 Premier League away from Moscow.  | 3 March 2022  | [446]
World Squash Federation | Squash governing body  | Worldwide  | The WSF relocated the 2022 World Junior Squash Championships away from Saint Petersburg.  | 25 February 2022  | [447]
European Handball Federation | Handball governing body  | Europe  | The EHF suspended participation of Russian and Belarusian national and club teams from its competitions.  | 5 March 2022  | [448]
Special Olympics | Non-profit organization  |  United States | The 2022 Special Olympics World Winter Games scheduled to take place in Kazan, Russia, were cancelled.  | 4 March 2022  | [449]
International University Sports Federation (FISU)  | University sports governing body  | Worldwide  | The FISU withdrew three competitions from Russia and Belarus.  | 26 February 2022  | [450]
International Tennis Federation (ITF)  | Tennis governing body  | Worldwide  | The ITF suspended the Russian Tennis Federation and Belarus Tennis Federation from ITF membership and participation in ITF international team competitions.  | 1 March 2022  | [451]
Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP)

Women's Tennis Association (WTA)

| Tennis governing body  | Worldwide  | Both the men's and women's tennis associations suspended tournaments in Russia and Belarus. While neither association has banned Russian and Belarusian players from participating in other tournaments, they are required to compete under a neutral flag. In country-focused events, such as the United Cup, Russian and Belarusian players were not allowed to participate.  | 1 March 2022  | [452]
International Sambo Federation (FIAS)  | Sambo governing body  | Worldwide  | The FIAS suspended international sambo competitions in Russia and Belarus. Russian and Belarusian athletes may participate in FIAS international competitions under the FIAS flag, logo, and anthem.  | 3 March 2022  | [453]
International Federation of BodyBuilding and Fitness | Bodybuilding sport governing body  | Worldwide  | The IFBB bans all Russian and Belarusian athletes, but allows IFBB Elite Pro athletes to continue in participation of events.  | 9 March 2022  | [454]
Boston Athletic Association | Non-profit association  |  United States | The B.A.A. announced that all Russian and Belarusian athletes will be banned from the 2022 Boston Marathon and all other B.A.A. events.  | 6 April 2022  | [455]

Broadcasting rights

* The English Premier League announced that they will cancel its broadcast rights with Russian television network Match which supposed to be started in the 2022/23 season, its current broadcaster Okko Sport will end the rights to the league earlier.[456]

### Technology

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Apple Inc. | Electronics  |  United States | Apple stopped selling products in Russia. This also includes the suspension of Apple Pay.  | 2 March 2022  | [457]
Oracle Corporation | Cloud computing  |  United States | Oracle suspended all operations in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [458]
SAP | Cloud computing  |  Germany | SAP paused sales in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [458]
Ericsson | Telecommunications  |  Sweden | Ericsson suspended all deliveries and operations in Russia.  | 3 March 2022 (deliveries), 11 April 2022 (operations)  | [459][460]
Snapchat | Social media platform  |  United States | Snapchat stopped running ads in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine and halts ad sales.  | 3 March 2022 (ad sales only)  | [461]
TikTok | Social media service  |  China | TikTok had restricted access to Russian state media accounts in the European Union.  | 28 February 2022  | [156]
Reddit | Social media platform  |  United States | Reddit prohibited links to Russian state media and rejected any advertisement from any Russian-based entity, government or private.  | 2 March 2022  | [462]
Namecheap | Domain registrar  |  United States | Domain registrar and hosting provider Namecheap terminated its service to all Russian customers, requiring users to switch providers by 22 March 2022. Namecheap allowed exceptions for "all anti-regime media, protest resources, and any type of websites that are helping to end this war and regime".  | 1 March 2022  | [463]
GoDaddy | Domain registrar  |  United States | GoDaddy stopped supporting new registrations for the .ru extension. Registrants are also unable to sell or transfer existing domains to any party for profit.  | 2 March 2022  | [464]
Uber | Transportation service  |  United States | Uber distanced itself from the Russian company Yandex.Taxi by ending its partnership agreement and three Uber executives resigned from its board. Uber agreed to allow Yandex to purchase its 29% stake in the company.  | 28 February 2022  | [465]
DuckDuckGo | Search engine  |  United States | DuckDuckGo paused its partnership with Yandex Search.  | 1 March 2022  | [466]
Rakuten | Conglomerate  |  Japan | Rakuten removed Russian ads from its messaging app Viber.  | 3 March 2022 (Viber ads only)  | [467]
Microsoft | Software maker  |  United States | Microsoft suspended new sales of its products and services on 4 March. Later it was announced that the company would donate the sales of Epic Games' Fortnite on Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S from March 20 to April 3 to humanitarian relief organizations working in Ukraine.  | 4 March 2022  | [468][202]
Cisco | Cloud computing  |  United States | Cisco suspended all deliveries to Russia and Belarus.  | 3 March 2022  | [469]
Samsung Electronics | Electronics  |  South Korea | Samsung suspended shipments to Russia and is donating $6 million to aid refugees and to other humanitarian relief efforts. Samsung Pay is also suspended in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [470]
LG Electronics | Electronics  |  South Korea | LG Electronics, a South Korean technology company, operates a TV and home electronics plant in Ruza, Russia, and has said that it has enough inventory of raw materials and components in Russia for the production of their products there. It announced on 19 March 2022 that it is suspending all shipments to Russia.  | 19 March 2022  | [471][472]
Panasonic | Electronics  |  Japan | Panasonic suspended shipments and ended operations, while donating ¥20 million in aid to Ukrainian refugees under the Polish Red Cross.  | 4 March 2022  | [473]
Meta | Social Media platform  |  United States | Meta's Facebook and Instagram stopped displaying RT and Sputnik accounts in EU member states.  | 3 March 2022  | [474]
Twitter | Social Media platform  |  United States | Twitter stopped displaying RT and Sputnik accounts in EU member states.  | 3 March 2022  | [474]
Google | Search engine  |  United States | Google suspended its ad business on 4 March in response to the Russian government's ultimatum to "stop advertising anti-Russian propaganda". Then, on 11 March, YouTube said that its immediately blocking access around the world to channels associated with Russian state-funded media, citing a policy barring content that denies, minimizes or trivializes well-documented violent events. On 18 May 2022, Google Russia filed for bankruptcy, though the company will keep its free services, such as its search engine and YouTube, available in Russia.  | 4 March 2022 (ad business)
11 March 2022 (YouTube)  | [475][149][476]
Adobe Inc. | Software  |  United States | Adobe suspended new software service and newly subscription sales.  | 4 March 2022  | [477]
DJI | UAV  |  China | Paused the sales of its drones and issued a statement to condemn the use of its products that will cause harm.  | 26 April 2022  | [478]
Dell | Electronics  |  United States | Dell paused sales of all its PCs.  | 1 March 2022  | [479]
HP Inc. | Electronics  |  United States | HP suspends shipment of its products to Russia.  | March 2022  | [480]
TSMC | Semiconductors  |  Taiwan | TSMC halted sales to Russia and third parties that supplied to Russia. Russian companies that design their own chips such as Baikal CPU, MCST, Yadro and STC Module are manufactured by TSMC, which cut off Russia's access to semiconductors.  | 25 February 2022  | [481]
GlobalFoundries | Semiconductors  |  United States | GlobalFoundries halted sales to Russia and third parties that supplied to Russia.  | 25 February 2022  | [481]
Intel | Semiconductors  |  United States | Intel halted sales to Russia and third parties that supplied to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [481][482]
Advanced Micro Devices | Semiconductors  |  United States | AMD halted sales to Russia and third parties that supplied to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [481][482]
Yamaha Corporation | Audio equipment  |  Japan | Yamaha Corporation suspended exports and paused operations.  | 4 March 2022  | [483]
JCB | Heavy equipment  |  United Kingdom | JCB paused all operations, including the export of machines and spare parts.  | 3 March 2022  | [484]
KONE | Elevator and escalator manufacturer  |  Finland | KONE, ceased deliveries to Russia, and stopped signing new orders from Russia for the time being. The company made a donation for Ukraine through the Finnish Red Cross.  | 3 March 2022  | [485]
Nokia | Conglomerate  |  Finland | Nokia stopped deliveries to Russia and exited the market altogether soon afterwards.  | 1 March 2022 (deliveries), 12 April 2022 (operations)  | [486][487]
Web Summit | Conference event  |  Portugal | Web Summit banned all Russian government members, agencies, state-controlled media, state-backed businesses, and companies with ties to the Russian government from participating at its conferences.  | 4 March 2022  | [488]
Siemens | Industrial manufacturing  |  Germany | Siemens withdrew from most of its business in Russia.  | March 2022  | [489][490]
Wärtsilä | Power sources  |  Finland | Wärtsilä, a Finnish company which manufactures and services power sources and other equipment in the marine and energy markets, has suspended all deliveries and new sales to Russia.  | March 2022  | [491]
Ponsse | Forest machines  |  Finland | Ponsse, a Finnish company that manufactures, sells and maintains forest machine, discontinues temporarily all export operations to Russia and Belarus, including local spare parts and service operations.  | 7 March 2022  | [492]
Upwork | Freelancing platform  |  United States | Upwork is suspending all operations in Russia and Belarus, with a complete shut down to take effect by 1 May.  | 7 March 2022 (operations)
1 May 2022(complete shut down)  | [493]
Clutch.co  | Ratings and reviews platform  |  United States | Clutch.co, the leading ratings and reviews platform for IT, Marketing, and Business service providers, suspended all business activity in Russia and Belarus.  | 11 March 2022  | [494]
IBM | Conglomerate  |  United States | IBM suspended all business in Russia.  | 7 March 2022  | [495]
Cogent Communications | Internet backbone provider  |  United States | Cogent Communications disconnected all connections to Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [496]
Lumen Technologies | Internet backbone provider  |  United States | Lumen Technologies disconnected all connections to Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [497]
Alstom | Train maker  |  France | Alstom will suspend all deliveries towards Russia and all future business investments in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [498]
Ricoh | Printers  |  Japan | Ricoh had suspended business in Russia.  | March 2022  | [499]
Canon Inc. | Printers  |  Japan | Canon had suspended business in Russia.  | March 2022  | [499]
Epson | Printers  |  Japan | Epson had suspended business in Russia.  | March 2022  | [499]
Konica Minolta | Printers  |  Japan | Konica Minolta had suspended business in Russia.  | March 2022  | [499]
Amazon | Conglomerate  |  United States | Amazon ceased shipping of products in Russia and Belarus. They removed Amazon Prime Video access in Russia. They are not accepting customers based in Russia or Belarus for Amazon Web Services and Amazon third-party sellers.  | 9 March 2022  | [500]
Deere & Company | Heavy equipment  |  United States | Deere & Company had ended shipments to Russia and Belarus.  | 1 March 2022  | [333]
Caterpillar Inc. | Conglomerate  |  United States | Caterpillar, an American corporation that sells machinery, engines, generator sets and financial products, are suspending operations in their Russian manufacturing facilities.  | March 2022  | [501]
Red Hat | Enterprise Linux provider  |  United States | Red Hat suspended sales in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [502]
SUSE | Enterprise Linux provider  |  Germany | SUSE suspended sales in Russia.  | 9 March 2022  | [502]
Hitachi | Electronics  |  Japan | Hitachi is pausing exports to Russia and suspending all manufacturing in the country, with the exception of products, services and support for electrical power equipment.  | 2 March 2022  | [307]
General Electric | Conglomerate  |  United States | GE has suspended most of its operations in Russia, with the exception of providing essential medical equipment and supporting existing power services.  | 2 March 2022  | [307]
NetApp | Cloud computing  |  United States | NetApp suspended all operations in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [503]
Honeywell | Conglomerate  |  United States | Honeywell suspended business in both Russia and Belarus.  | 9 March 2022  | [504]
Autodesk | Software  |  United States | Autodesk suspended operations in Russia.  | 4 March 2022  | [505]
MongoDB Inc. | Software  |  United States | MongoDB, the NoSQL provider terminated accounts registered in Russia and Belarus.  | 15 March 2022  | [506]
Hostinger | Hosting provider  |  Lithuania | Hostinger suspended all payments from Russia and Belarus.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Teradata | Software  |  United States | Teradata, a software company that provides database and analytics-related software, products, and services stopped conducting business in Russia and has ceased customer interactions and services with all Russian accounts.  | 24 March 2022  | [507]
Telia Lietuva | Internet and Cable provider  |  Lithuania | Telia Lietuva stopped broadcasting Russian TV channels from its cable television service.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Cgates  | Internet and Cable provider  |  Lithuania | Cgates stopped broadcasting Russian TV channels from its cable television service.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Splius  | Internet and Cable provider  |  Lithuania | Splius stopped broadcasting Russian TV channels from its cable television service.  | 4 March 2022  | [181]
Asus | Hardware manufacturer  |  Taiwan | Stopped exports to Russia.  | 14 March 2022  | [508][509]

### Tourism and hospitality

[edit]

Company  | Industry  | Country  | Actions  | Date  | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|

Delta Air Lines | Airline  |  United States | Delta Air Lines suspended its code sharing partnership with Russian airliner Aeroflot.  | 25 February 2022  | [356]
Alaska Airlines | Airline  |  United States | Alaska Airlines suspended its mileage partnership with S7 Airlines, and interline relationships with Aeroflot and S7 Airlines.  | 1 March 2022  | [357]
AirBaltic | Airline  |  Latvia | AirBaltic, Latvia's flag carrier had suspended all flights to and from the Russian market.  | 5 March 2022  | [510]
Air Astana | Airline  |  Kazakhstan | Air Asatna, Kazakhstan's flag carrier had suspended all flights to and from the Russian market.  | 11 March 2022  | [511]
Pegasus Airlines | Airline  |  Turkey | Pegasus Airlines, one of Turkey's commercial airlines, had suspended all flights to and from the Russian market.

As of August 2023, Pegasus Airlines have resumed daily flights to Moscow and Saint Petersburg over European airspace into Russian airspace.

| 11 March 2022  | [511][512][513]
Wizz Air | Airline  |  Hungary | Wizz Air 'temporarily suspended' all flights from and to Russia.  | 1 March 2022  | [514]
Airbnb | Hospitality  |  United States | Airbnb suspended all operations in Russia and Belarus.  | 4 March 2022  | [515]
Booking Holdings | Travel website holding  |  United States | Booking Holdings, the operator of Priceline, Booking, Agoda, Kayak and Opentable, suspended all operations in Russia and travel services in Belarus.  | 4 March 2022  | [516]
GetYourGuide | Travel agency  |  Germany | GetYourGuide stopped offering experiences in Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [517]
Hilton Worldwide | Hospitality  |  United States | Hilton, an American hospitality company with 29 locations in Russia, is suspending all new developmental activity in Russia and have closed their corporate office in Moscow.  | 9 March 2022  | [518]
Hyatt | Hospitality  |  United States | Hyatt, a hospitality company with 6 locations in Russia, is halting development in Russia and new investments, but it continues to evaluate hotel operations in Russia.  | 10 March 2022  | [519]
InterContinental Hotels Group | Hospitality  |  United Kingdom | InterContinental Hotels Group, a British hotel operator with 29 hotels in Russia, suspended its investments in Russia on 10 March 2022. However, they are still actively taking bookings and there is a new Crowne Plaza opening in Moscow in June. On 27 June, IHG suspended all operations in Russia.  | 10 March 2022 (investments only)
27 June 2022 (full operations)  | [520][521]
Marriott International | Hospitality  |  United States | Marriott, a hospitality company with 10 locations in Russia, has closed its corporate office in Moscow, and paused the opening of upcoming hotels and all future hotel development and investment in Russia. However, it says their hotels in Russia are owned by third parties and they continue to evaluate the ability for these hotels to remain open.  | 10 March 2022  | [519]
Expedia Group | Travel website holding  |  United States | Expedia Group, operator of trivago, Orbitz, Travelocity, Hotwire.com, Tripadvisor, and Hotels.com had ceased sales to and from Russia.  | 2 March 2022  | [522][517]
Rick Steves | Travel expert  |  United States | Rick Steves and his company Rick Steves Europe cancelled 2022 tours which include stops to Russia.  | 28 February 2022  | [517]
smarTours  | Travel agency  |  United States | smarTours cancelled its Russia itineraries.  | 4 March 2022  | [517]
eDreams ODIGEO | Travel website  |  Spain | eDreams ODIGEO shuts down its Russian website on 28 February, with Russian and Belarussian airlines removed from its inventory. Later on 4 March, the company stopped offering hotel bookings in conjunction with Booking Holdings.  | 28 February 2022 (website)
4 March 2022 (Hotel bookings)  | [517]
G Adventures | Travel agency  |  Canada | G Adventures and its company founder Bruce Poon Tip announced that the tour operator has cancelled all tours in Russia and travellers booked on forward departures will be refunded.  | 2 March 2022  | [517]
Kensington Tours  | Travel agency  |  Canada | Kensignton Tours is not accepting bookings for trips scheduled for Russia and Ukraine throughout 2022, and has decided to move these trips to future dates.  | 4 March 2022  | [517]
Tauck | Cruise ships  |  United States | Tauck announced that all 2022 departures of its Russian Glories, Baltic Treasures tour have been cancelled. That itinerary included Lithuania and Latvia, plus Finnish capital Helsinki and Russian cities St. Petersburg and Moscow. Also, Tauck has removed St. Petersburg as a call in its St. Petersburg & the Baltic Sea small-ship cruise itinerary.  | 4 March 2022  | [517]
The Travel Corporation | Travel agency  |  United States | The Travel Corporation, operator of Trafalgar Tours, said that it will not be operating Russia tours in 2022.  | 4 March 2022  | [517]

## Other

[edit]

### Airspace closures

[edit]

Russia

Ukraine – closed its airspace to Russia in 2015

Countries that have banned Russian aircraft from their airspace in response to the invasion

By 5 March 2022, the following countries and territories had completely closed their airspace to all Russian airlines and Russian-registered private jets:[523][524][525][526]

* Albania
* Canada
* Iceland
* Kosovo
* Moldova
* Montenegro
* North Macedonia
* Norway
*  Switzerland
* Ukraine (since 2015)
* United Kingdom
* United States

European Union (EU27)

*  Austria
*  Belgium
*  Bulgaria
*  Croatia
*  Cyprus
*  Czech Republic
*  Denmark
*  Estonia
*  Finland
*  France
*  Germany
*  Greece
*  Hungary
*  Ireland
*  Italy
*  Latvia
*  Lithuania
*  Luxembourg
*  Malta
*  Netherlands
*  Poland
*  Portugal
*  Romania
*  Slovakia
*  Slovenia
*  Spain
*  Sweden

The European Union had already banned all Belarusian aircraft from EU airspace in June 2021 in response to the forced landing of Ryanair Flight 4978.[527][528]

As well, airlines from many other countries have diverted their flights away from Russian airspace, despite not being banned by Russia or not slapping a ban on Russian aircraft. This includes:

*  Australia
*  Bangladesh
*  Hong Kong (Except flights to/from New York, Boston or Toronto, but would be unable to divert to Russian airports)
*  Japan
*  South Korea
*  Singapore (Singapore Airlines had already diverted their flights away from Belarus after Ryanair Flight 4978 incident)
*  Taiwan

### Breaking of diplomatic relations

[edit]

Both Ukraine and the Federated States of Micronesia[529] indefinitely severed all diplomatic ties with Russia.

## Controversy

[edit]

### Criticism

[edit]

Critics of the boycott and sanctions have predicted that they would not cause significant changes in the Russian government's policy. Patrick Cockburn argued that sanctions similar to those used against Iraq will cause widespread poverty and claim more lives than the use of military force.[530] Others have supported the cultural boycott but called for economic coercion to be narrowly targeted.[531][532] Some critics noted that the decision of major credit card companies to suspend their operations in Russia will affect any Russian who has taken out a credit card in their home country, including those who have protested against the war in Ukraine, who are trying to flee Russia or are now living abroad.[533][534]

Activists in Russia believe that amid lost access to financial and educational institutions, Putin will be better able to paint Western countries as the enemy.[535] Carnegie Moscow Center scholar Andrey Movchan wrote that sanctions aimed at ordinary Russians could be "exactly what the Kremlin wants – that tens of millions of Russians who oppose the regime will be unable to leave the country and even temporarily find themselves in a world free of Russian propaganda", stating that sanctions should instead "uncompromisingly block the Kremlin's access to its financial and technological resources".[536]

Cloudflare CEO Matthew Prince stated that "if Cloudflare were to stop operating in Russia, the Russian government would celebrate us shutting down" because "indiscriminately terminating service would do little to harm the Russian government, but would both limit access to information outside the country, and make significantly more vulnerable those who have used us to shield themselves as they have criticized the government".[537]

Regarding the cultural boycott, Patrick West wrote that many parts had become a vehicle for Russophobia, notably an incident in which the University of Milano-Bicocca in Italy considered cancelling a course on Dostoyevski but ultimately did not.[538] A decision by the Cardiff Philharmonic Orchestra to cancel a planned performance of Tchaikovsky's 1812 Overture was met with similar controversy.[539] One of the directors stated that continuing with the original concert would have been offensive due to the themes of Russian military pride and not simply because Tchaikovsky was Russian.[540] Discussing these issues, the communications coordinator for Diem25 expressed regret that Netflix was suspending its adaptation of Anna Karenina due to the involvement of a Russian production company.[541] Business professor Stanislav Markus has suggested that boycotts of Russia might expand to include more countries as the companies involved become increasingly comfortable with deglobalisation.[542]

### Polling within Russia and Belarus

[edit]

This section may contain material unrelated to the topic of the article. Please help improve this section or discuss this issue on the talk page. (March 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

In April 2022, only 11% of Belarusians supported sending Belarusian troops to Ukraine.[543] A study performed by Chatham House in May 2022 revealed that 32% of Belarusian respondents supported the Russian invasion of Ukraine and 40% did not support the invasion.[544]

A Kremlin-associated poll claimed that the 68% of the Russian population approves of the "special military operation" in Ukraine, while independent polls put that number at 58%.[545][546][547] The Kremlin-associated poll, which was conducted between February 28 and March 6, claimed that Putin's approval rating was 74.6%.[548] According to the poll, in the group of 18-to-24-year-olds, only 29% of Russians supported the "special military operation" in Ukraine.[546] Two reasons many Russians still support Putin and the "special military operation" in Ukraine have to do with the propaganda and disinformation being sown by the Kremlin,[549] and the antagonization and discrimination by Western populations/institutions of Russian people.[550][551] Some Russians publicly displayed the infamous "Z" letter.[552][553] Russian gymnast Ivan Kuliak displayed it while standing on a victory podium near a Ukrainian athlete and later expressed no regret for doing that.[554] More than 200,000 attended Vladimir Putin's pro-war nationalist rally at the Luzhniki Stadium on 18 March,[555] with many forced by their employers to attend.[556]

A series of four online polls of Moscow residents by Alexei Navalny's Anti-Corruption Foundation claimed that between February 25 and March 3, the share of respondents in Moscow who considered Russia an "aggressor" increased from 29% to 53%, while the share of those who considered Russia a "peacemaker" fell by half from 25% to 12%.[557]

Some observers noted what they described as a "generational struggle" among Russians over perception of the war, with younger Russians generally opposed to the war and older Russians more likely to accept the narrative presented by state-controlled media in Russia, the main source of news for most Russians.[558] Kataryna Wolczuk, an associate fellow of Chatham House's Russia and Eurasia programme, said that "[Older] Russians are inclined to think in line with the official 'narrative' that Russia is defending Russian speakers in Ukraine, so it's about offering protection rather than aggression."[558] A poll by the independent Levada Center published on 30 March saw Putin's approval rating jump from 71% in February to 83% in March.[559][560] However, many respondents do not want to answer pollsters' questions for fear of negative consequences.[561] In March 2022, when a Russian politician Maxim Katz and a group of Russian researchers commissioned a poll on Russians’ attitudes toward the war in Ukraine, 29,400 of the 31,000 people they called refused to answer after hearing the theme of the question.[562]

### Companies criticised for not joining the boycott

[edit]

A number of companies have faced growing pressure to halt operations in Russia, but have not yet done so.[19][563][564] Those include:

* Accor, a French hospitality company with 55 locations in Russia[565]
* AmerisourceBergen, an American healthcare company with research depots in Russia[565]
* Arconic, an American industrial company[565]
* Binance, one of world's largest crypto exchanges, which refused to ban all Russian accounts.[17] However, Binance announced that it has donated more than $10 million to its Ukrainian Emergency Relief Fund and $2.5 million to UNICEF's efforts in Ukraine.[566][567]
* Bosch, one of the largest German multinational engineering and technology companies headquartered in Gerlingen[568][569]
* Bridgestone, a Japanese auto and truck parts manufacturer,[565] left Russia after it sold all its interests in December 2023.[570]
* Burger King, an American fast food chain[529]
* Citigroup, an American bank[565]
* COSCO, a Chinese container shipping company, and one of the largest container shipping companies in the world[352]
* Credit Suisse, a global investment bank and financial services firm founded and based in Switzerland. Credit Suisse has declared that its Moscow offices remain open, as it was trying to shred evidence of $1.7 billion Russian loans backed by yachts.[571]
* Deutsche Bank, a German multinational investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed on the FWB and the NYSE.[572] According to The New Yorker, Deutsche Bank has long had an "abject"[573] reputation among major banks, as it has been involved in major scandals across different issue areas.
* Ferragamo, an Italian luxury goods company,[565] does not own stores in Russia and shipments to franchise operations ceased in March 2022.[574]
* French retail companies owned wholly or partially by members of the Mulliez family:
* Auchan, a supermarket chain which in 2016 was ranked first in a list of the largest foreign-owned companies by the Russian edition of Forbes, with revenue in Russia of more than $5 billion[575][15]
* Leroy Merlin, a home improvement and DIY retailer, operates 112 stores in Russia. On 11 March the company announced it had no plans to reduce its operations in Russia.[576][15]
* Herbalife, an American marketing company[565]
* International Paper, an American paper and pulp manufacturer[577]
* Japan Tobacco International, the top tobacco company in Russia, which controls 37% of the Russian tobacco market[578][15]
* Kia, a South Korean car manufacturer and Russia's third-largest carmaker as of 2016.[579] Kia holds a 30% stake in the Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Rus plant in St. Petersburg which is being sold in December 2023. The contract includes a two-year buyback clause.[286]
* Kimberly-Clark, an American personal care corporation[565]
* Koch Industries, an American conglomerate[577]
* Lenovo, a Chinese hardware and electronics manufacturer[509]
* Metro AG, a German company which operates cash and carry stores in Russia[580]
* Micro-Star International, a Taiwanese multinational information technology corporation[581]
* Mohawk Industries, an American manufacturer[565]
* Nokian Tyres, which produces 80% of its tyres in Russia and employs around 1,600 people.[582] In October 2022, Nokian sold its Russian operations to Tatneft for €400 million and announced a €650 million investment for a new factory in Romania.[583]
* Otis Worldwide, an American elevator and escalator manufacturer.[565] It announced on 11 March that is suspending new sales of its elevators and escalators in Russia while continuing all existing maintenance deals.[584]
* Pirelli, an Italian tyre manufacturer[565]
* Renault, a French automobile company[585][586]
* Timken, an American industrial company[565]
* Whirlpool, American manufacturer and marketer of home appliances[565]

## See also

[edit]

* Corporate responses to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
* List of companies that applied sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War
* List of people and organizations sanctioned during the Russo-Ukrainian War
* International sanctions during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
* International Sponsors of War
* Disinvestment from Israel
* Disinvestment from South Africa
* "Do not buy Russian goods!"
* Boycott Russian Films

## References

[edit]

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* v
* t
* e

Russian invasion of Ukraine

Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War

Overview

General|

* Outline
* Timeline
* Prelude
* Feb–Apr 2022
* Apr–Aug 2022
* Aug–Nov 2022
* Nov 2022 – Jun 2023
* Jun–Aug 2023
* Sep–Nov 2023
* Dec 2023 – Mar 2024
* Apr–Jul 2024
* Aug–Dec 2024
* Jan–May 2025
* Jun 2025 – present
* Aerial warfare
* Defense lines
* Foreign fighters
* Information war
* Naval warfare
* Legality
* Map
* Order of battle
* Peace negotiations
* Ukraine's Peace Formula
* China peace proposal
* June 2024 peace summit
* Proposed no-fly zone
* Red lines
* Reparations
* Territorial control
* Women

Prelude|

* Reactions
* Disinformation
* Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory
* Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction
* 2021 Russia–United States summit
* 2021 Black Sea incident
* Belarus–European Union border crisis
* "On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians"
* Crimea Platform
* Zapad 2021
* December 2021 ultimatum
* 2022 Ukraine cyberattacks
* Zametil 2022
* Union Resolve 2022
* Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing
* British–Polish–Ukrainian trilateral pact
* Evacuation of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR
* Mobilization in Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR
* "Address concerning the events in Ukraine"
* "On conducting a special military operation"

Background|

* Dissolution of the Soviet Union
* 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
* Annexation of Crimea
* reactions
* War in Donbas
* 2022 timeline
* Minsk agreements
* humanitarian situation
* international recognition of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR
* Putinism
* Foundations of Geopolitics
* Novorossiya
* Ruscism
* Russian irredentism
* Russian imperialism

Foreign
relations|

* Russia–Ukraine
* Belarus–Ukraine
* Belarus–Russia
* Russia–United States
* Ukraine–United States
* Russia–NATO
* Ukraine–NATO
* enlargement of NATO
* eastward expansion controversy in Russia
* open door policy

Military engagements

Southern
Ukraine|

* Snake Island campaign
* Siege of Mariupol
* Battle of Kherson
* Capture of Melitopol
* Battle of Mykolaiv
* Battle of Enerhodar
* Battle of Voznesensk
* Kherson counteroffensive
* Liberation of Kherson
* Dnieper campaign
* Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam

Eastern
Ukraine|

* Battle of Volnovakha
* Battle of Kharkiv
* Battle of Izium
* Battle of Rubizhne
* Battle of Popasna
* Battle of Marinka
* Battle of Donbas
* Battle of the Siverskyi Donets
* Battle of Sievierodonetsk
* Battle of Lysychansk
* Battle of Pisky
* Battle of Bakhmut
* Battle of Soledar
* Battle of Vuhledar
* Kharkiv counteroffensive
* Battle of Lyman (September–October 2022)
* Luhansk Oblast campaign
* Kupiansk
* Northeast Donetsk
* Battle of Avdiivka
* Battle of Chasiv Yar
* Battle of Krasnohorivka
* Battle of Ocheretyne
* Battle of Toretsk
* Pokrovsk offensive
* Battle of Kurakhove

Northern
Ukraine|

* Capture of Chernobyl
* Russian Kyiv convoy
* Battle of Kyiv
* Battle of Antonov Airport
* Battle of Hostomel
* Battle of Bucha
* Battle of Irpin
* Battle of Makariv
* Battle of Moshchun
* Destruction of the Kozarovychi Dam
* Battle of Brovary
* Battle of Slavutych
* Battle of Sumy
* Siege of Chernihiv
* Northeastern border skirmishes
* 2025 Sumy Oblast incursion

Russia|

* Bryansk Oblast raid
* Kremlin drone attack
* Moscow drone strikes
* 2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions
* 30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling
* February 2024 Belgorod missile strike
* May 2024 Belgorod missile strike
* March 2024 western Russia incursion
* 2024 Kursk offensive
* occupation
* Battles for Olgovskiy Forest
* Toropets depot explosions
* 2025 Belgorod Oblast incursion

Airstrikes
by city|

* Chernihiv strikes
* Dnipro strikes
* Huliaipole strikes
* Ivano-Frankivsk strikes
* Kharkiv strikes
* Kherson strikes
* Khmelnytskyi strikes
* Kryvyi Rih strikes
* Kyiv strikes
* Lviv strikes
* Mykolaiv strikes
* Odesa strikes
* Rivne strikes
* Vinnytsia strikes
* Zaporizhzhia strikes
* Zhytomyr strikes

Airstrikes
on military
targets|

* Chuhuiv air base attack
* Millerovo air base attack
* Chornobaivka attacks
* 7 March 2022 Mykolaiv military barracks attack
* Yavoriv military base attack
* 18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack
* Berdiansk port attack
* Sinking of the Moskva
* Desna barracks airstrike
* Attack on Nova Kakhovka
* Crimea attacks
* Saky air base attack
* Drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base
* Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters
* Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks
* Makiivka military quarters shelling
* Machulishchy air base attack
* Zarichne barracks airstrike
* Operation Spider's Web

Resistance|

| Russian-occupied Ukraine|

* Popular Resistance of Ukraine
* Berdiansk Partisan Army
* Yellow Ribbon
* Atesh

|

Belarus and Russia|

* Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky
* Civic Council
* Irpin Declaration
* Killing of Darya Dugina
* National Republican Army
* Military commissariats arsons
* Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting
* Black Bridge
* Rail war in Russia
* Stop the Wagons
* Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists
* Rail war in Belarus
* Busly liaciać
* BYPOL
* Community of Railway Workers
* Cyber Partisans

Russian
occupations|

* Flags used in Russian-occupied Ukraine

Ongoing|

* Annexation referendums
* Annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts
* Elections in Russian-occupied Ukraine
* Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine
* Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol
* Donetsk Oblast
* Kharkiv Oblast
* Kherson Oblast
* Luhansk Oblast
* Mykolaiv Oblast
* Zaporizhzhia Oblast
* Sumy Oblast (2025, reentry)

Previous|

* Chernihiv Oblast
* Kyiv Oblast
* Odesa Oblast
* Sumy Oblast (2022)
* Zhytomyr Oblast

Potentially
related|

* Black Sea drone incident
* Bridge collapses in Russia
* Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant drone strike
* Mystery fires in Russia
* Nord Stream pipeline sabotage
* Transnistria attacks
* Zagreb Tu-141 crash

Other|

* 2022 Crimean Bridge explosion
* 2023 Crimean Bridge explosion
* 2025 Crimean Bridge explosion
* Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy
* Coup d'état attempt in Ukraine
* Bridges in the Russo-Ukrainian War
* Dragon drone
* Violations of non-combatant airspaces
* Missile explosion in Poland
* Operation Synytsia
* Ukraine and electronic warfare
* Use of long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia
* 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive
* 2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia
* Wagner Group rebellion

War crimes

General|

* Accusations of genocide in Donbas
* Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians
* child abductions
* Attacks on hospitals
* Cluster munitions
* Incendiary weapons
* Landmines
* Russian filtration camps
* Russian mobile crematoriums
* Russian theft of Ukrainian grain
* Russian torture chambers
* Looting
* Sexual violence
* Mistreatment of prisoners of war

Attacks on
civilians|

* February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing
* Kharkiv government building airstrike
* 3 March Chernihiv bombing
* Irpin refugee column shelling
* Mariupol hospital airstrike
* Stara Krasnianka care house attack
* Mykolaiv cluster bombing
* March 2022 Donetsk attack
* 2022 Borodianka airstrikes
* Chernihiv breadline attack
* Mariupol theatre airstrike
* Kyiv shopping centre bombing
* Sumykhimprom ammonia leak
* March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing
* Mykolaiv government building missile strike
* Bucha massacre
* Kramatorsk railway station attack
* April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing
* Bilohorivka school bombing
* Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz
* Maisky Market attack
* Kremenchuk shopping mall attack
* Serhiivka missile strike
* Chasiv Yar missile strike
* Olenivka prison massacre
* Kharkiv dormitories missile strike
* Chaplyne railway station attack
* Izium mass graves
* September 2022 Donetsk attack
* Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack
* Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling
* Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike
* Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure
* 2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike
* Sloviansk airstrike
* Uman missile strike
* Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike
* Lyman cluster bombing
* 2023 Pokrovsk missile strike
* Chernihiv missile strike
* Kostiantynivka missile strike
* Hroza missile attack
* Volnovakha massacre
* December 2023 strikes
* 2024 Pokrovsk missile strike
* 2024 Donetsk attack
* Lysychansk missile strike
* 6 March 2024 Odesa strike
* March 2024 strikes
* Human safari (terror campaign)
* May 2024 Kharkiv strikes
* 8 July 2024 strikes
* 2024 Kostiantynivka supermarket missile attack
* 26 August 2024 strikes
* September 2024 Poltava strike
* November 2024 strikes
* February 2025 Poltava strike
* 2025 Sumy airstrike

Crimes
against
soldiers|

* Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan
* Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia
* Rape of Donetsk People's Republic soldiers by Kadyrovites
* Murder of Yevgeny Nuzhin
* Makiivka surrender incident
* Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi
* 2022 Ukrainian prisoner of war beheading

Legal cases|

* ICC investigation
* Arrest warrants
* ICJ court case
* Task Force on Accountability
* Universal jurisdiction
* Crime of aggression tribunal
* Criminal proceedings
* Vadim Shishimarin
* Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov
* Anton Cherednik

Reactions

States
and
official
entities|

| General|

* Sanctions
* people and organizations
* restrictions on transit to Kaliningrad Oblast
* Military aid
* European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine
* People's Bayraktar
* Signmyrocket.com
* Humanitarian aid
* Sanctioned yachts
* Relations with Russia

|

Ukraine|

* Application to NATO
* Be Brave Like Ukraine
* Brave1
* Bring Kids Back UA
* Ban on Russia-associated religious groups
* Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War
* Decolonization and derussification law
* Delta
* Destroyed Russian military equipment exhibition
* For Courage and Bravery (Ukraine)
* Grain From Ukraine
* Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief
* Hero City
* I Want to Live
* International Legion and other foreign units
* Belarusian Volunteer Corps
* Terror Battalion
* Black Maple Company
* Canadian-Ukrainian Brigade
* Freedom of Russia Legion
* German Volunteer Corps
* Karelian National Battalion
* Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment
* Norman Brigade
* Pahonia Regiment
* Polish Volunteer Corps
* Romanian Battlegroup Getica
* Russian Volunteer Corps
* Separate Special Purpose Battalion
* Sibir Battalion
* Turan Battalion
* International Sponsors of War
* Forced confiscation law of Russian property [ru; uk]
* Look for Your Own
* Lukoil sanctions
* Martial law
* Mobilization
* Media Center Ukraine
* National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the War [uk]
* National Multi-Subject Test [uk]
* North Korea–Ukraine relations
* Points of Invincibility
* Recognition of Ichkeria
* Rescuer City
* Save Ukrainian Culture [uk]
* Syria–Ukraine relations
* Ukrainian Freedom Orchestra
* United24
* United News

Russia|

* highways in the annexed territories
* A290
* A291 "Tavrida"
* R260
* R280 "Novorossiya"
* 2022 Moscow rally
* 2023 Moscow rally
* 2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade
* 2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade
* 2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade
* 2023 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly
* Blockade of Ukraine [ru]
* Bohdan Khmelnytsky Battalion
* Censorship in Russia [ru]
* Chechnya
* Pro-Ukrainian Chechen fighters
* Conmemorative Medal "Participant of a Special Military Operation" [ru]
* Conversations about Important Things
* Krasovsky case
* Legalization of parallel imports [ru]
* Manifesto of the South Russian People's Council
* Martial law
* Masha Moskalyova case
* Metropolis of Crimea
* Mikhail Simonov case
* Mobilization
* Recruitment of irregular forces [ru]
* Operation Doppelgänger
* Opinion polling [ru]
* Orthodox Christmas truce proposal
* Wagner Group–Ministry of Defense conflict
* Russian Orthodox clergymen appeal against war
* Salvation Committee for Peace and Order
* Special Coordinating Council
* Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory
* Unfriendly countries list
* War censorship laws
* We Are Together. Sports
* "What Russia Should Do with Ukraine"

United States|

* 2022 Joe Biden speech in Warsaw
* 2022 State of the Union Address
* Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022
* Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023
* Disinformation Governance Board
* Executive Order 14071
* Pentagon document leaks
* Task Force KleptoCapture
* Ukraine Defense Contact Group
* Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act
* Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative

Other countries|

* Belarus
* Canada
* Canada–Ukraine authorization for emergency travel
* China
* Closer ties with Russia
* Chinese peace plan
* Hong Kong
* Croatia
* Denmark
* Danish European Union defence opt-out referendum
* France
* Mission Aigle
* Georgia
* Germany
* German Taurus controversy
* Taurus leak
* Zeitenwende speech
* Hungary
* India
* Operation Ganga
* Iran
* Closer ties with Russia
* Israel
* Operation Israel Guarantees
* Lithuania
* Moldova
* New Zealand
* Russia Sanctions Act
* North Korea
* Poland
* border crisis with Ukraine
* Syria [ru]
* Taiwan
* United Kingdom
* Economic Crime Act
* Homes for Ukraine
* Operation Interflex
* 2025 London Summit on Ukraine
* Coalition of the willing

United Nations|

* Emergency special session
* Resolution ES-11/1
* Resolution ES-11/2
* Resolution ES-11/3
* Resolution ES-11/4
* Resolution ES-11/5
* Resolution ES-11/6
* Resolution ES-11/7
* Security Council Resolution 2623
* Resolution A/RES/77/229
* Easter truce

International
organizations|

* Accession of Moldova to the EU
* Accession of Ukraine to the EU
* Brussels summit
* European Political Community
* 1st summit
* 2nd summit
* 3rd summit
* Madrid summit
* NATO virtual summit
* Operation Oscar
* Ramstein Air Base meeting
* EU–Ukraine Summit
* REPowerEU
* Steadfast Defender 2024
* SWIFT ban against Russian banks
* Ukraine Recovery Conference
* Versailles declaration
* 2023 Vilnius summit
* 15th BRICS summit
* 2024 Washington summit
* Weimar+

Other|

* Consecration of Russia
* F-16 training coalition
* Finland–NATO relations
* Finland–Russia border barrier
* Iron diplomacy
* Proposed Russian annexation of South Ossetia
* Recognition of Russia as a terrorist state
* Removal of monuments and memorials
* Streets renamed
* Ukraine Square, Oslo
* Serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the invasion
* Sweden–NATO relations
* Swedish anti-terrorism bill

Public|

| Protests|

* In Ukraine
* in Russian-occupied Ukraine
* demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin
* ArmWomenNow
* Ukrainian Artistic Front
* In Russia
* Angry patriots
* Club of Angry Patriots
* Anti-War Committee
* Suspicious deaths of Russian businesspeople
* Congress of People's Deputies
* Council of Mothers and Wives
* Feminist Anti-War Resistance
* Flower protests
* Marina Ovsyannikova
* Russian Action Committee
* North Caucasian protests
* 2022 Russian Far East protests
* State Duma initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason
* White-blue-white flag
* In Belarus
* In China
* Great Translation Movement
* In Czech Republic
* Czech Republic First!

|

Companies|

* Address of the Russian Union of Rectors
* Boycott of Russia and Belarus
* "Do not buy Russian goods!"
* E.N.O.T. Corp.
* Igor Mangushev
* McDonald's in Russia
* Vkusno i tochka
* NashStore [ru]
* People's Satellite
* Starlink satellites
* Stop Bloody Energy
* Wagner Group
* Andrey Aleksandrovich Medvedev
* Death of Nemes Tarimo
* Yale CELI List of Companies

Technology|

* Anonymous and the invasion
* alerts.in.ua
* DDoS attacks on Romania
* DeepStateMap.Live
* Denys Davydov
* IT Army of Ukraine
* Killnet
* Liveuamap
* Open-source intelligence
* peacenotwar
* Russian Asset Tracker
* Squad303 [pl]
* Ukraine Siren Alerts
* Wikipedia
* threat to block in Russia
* detention of Mark Bernstein

Spies|

* Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War
* Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War

Other|

* Association of Azovstal Defenders' Families
* Black Sea Grain Initiative
* Collaboration with Russia
* We Are Together with Russia
* Concert for Ukraine
* Free Buryatia Foundation
* Free Nations of Post-Russia Forum
* Game4Ukraine
* Get Lost
* Global Tour for Peace
* Go by the Forest
* Guide to the Free World
* Mozart Group
* Olena Zelenska Foundation
* Open letter from Nobel laureates
* Pavel Sudoplatov Battalion
* Rubikus.HelpUA
* Ruslan Shostak Charitable Foundation
* Russia's War Crimes House
* Save Ukraine
* Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online
* Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation
* Spain letter bomb attacks
* Yermak-McFaul Expert Group on Russian Sanctions
* Pavel Filatyev
* True Russia
* Volos Declaration
* Wimbledon ban

Impact

Effects|

* Aircraft losses
* Casualties
* journalists killed
* Russian generals killed
* Economic impact
* Inflation surge
* 2022 Moldovan energy crisis
* protests
* 2025 Moldovan energy crisis
* Russia–EU gas dispute
* 2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage
* Russian debt default
* 2022 Russian oil price cap
* 2022-2024 German economic crisis
* 2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap
* EU natural gas price cap
* Education
* End of the Whisky War
* Environmental impact
* European re-armament
* Eurovision Song Contest 2022
* Russia
* Ukraine
* Eurovision Song Contest 2023
* Food crises
* Impact on theatre [uk]
* List of notable deaths
* Lukoil oil transit dispute
* Nuclear power plants
* Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis
* Nuclear risk
* Religion
* Russian emigration
* The Ark
* Ship losses
* Ukrainian cultural heritage
* art theft and looting
* damaged cultural sites
* Trauma
* Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion
* Ukrainian energy crisis
* Violations of non-combatant airspaces
* Women

Human
rights|

* Humanitarian impact
* Ukrainian refugee crisis
* 2025 Amsterdam stabbing attack
* Sobieskiego 100
* UN Commission of Inquiry
* UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission

Terms and
phrases|

* "And now I will show you where the attack on Belarus was prepared from"
* "Anglo-Saxons"
* "Bavovna"
* "Grandpa in his bunker"
* "Good evening, we are from Ukraine"
* "Orc"
* "Putin khuylo!"
* "Khuy Voyne!"
* "Russia is here forever [uk]"
* "Russian warship, go fuck yourself"
* "Slava Ukraini!"
* "Special military operation"
* "To bomb Voronezh"
* "Strength is in truth"
* "Westsplaining"
* "Where have you been for eight years?"
* "Without you"

Popular
culture|

| Songs|

* "12"
* "Bakhmut Fortress"
* "Bayraktar"
* "Bilia topoli"
* "City of Mary"
* "Flowers of Minefields"
* "Generation Cancellation"
* "Generation Z"
* "I'm Russian"
* "Oyda"
* "Hey, Hey, Rise Up!"
* "Mama ŠČ!"
* "Oi u luzi chervona kalyna"
* "Slava Ukraini!"
* "Stefania"
* "Ukraine"
* "Crushed"

|

Films|

* 20 Days in Mariupol
* A Rising Fury
* Follow Me
* Intercepted
* Russians at War
* Turn in the Wound
* Ukraine on Fire 2 [uk]

Other|

* Babylon'13
* Back to the Cold War
* Borodianka cat [uk]
* Ghost of Kyiv
* Kherson watermelon
* Královec Region
* Madonna of Kyiv
* North Atlantic Fella Organization
* Newspeak in Russia
* Patron
* "Putler"
* "Putinversteher"
* Raccoon of Kherson
* Saint Javelin
* Saint Mariuburg [ru; uk]
* Vasylkiv maiolica rooster
* Vladimir Putin's meeting table
* Walk of the Brave
* "Z" military symbol

Key people

Ukrainians|

* Volodymyr Zelenskyy
* speeches during the invasion
* visit to the United States
* visit to the United Kingdom
* visits to Europe
* Anatolii Kryvonozhko
* Anatoliy Barhylevych
* Andrii Hnatov
* Andriy Biletsky
* Andriy Yermak
* Denys Shmyhal
* Denys Kireyev  X
* Denys Monastyrsky  †
* Denys Prokopenko
* Ihor Klymenko
* Iryna Venediktova
* Kyrylo Budanov
* Mykhailo Drapatyi
* Mykola Oleschuk
* Oleksandr Pavlyuk
* Oleksandr Syrskyi
* Oleksii Reznikov
* Oleksiy Danilov
* Oleksiy Neizhpapa
* Ruslan Khomchak
* Rustem Umerov
* Sergiy Kyslytsya
* Serhiy Shaptala
* Serhii Sternenko
* Valerii Zaluzhnyi
* Vasyl Malyuk
* Vitali Klitschko
* Yevhen Moisiuk

Russians|

* Vladimir Putin
* Aleksandr Dvornikov
* Aleksandr Lapin
* Aleksey Dyumin
* Aleksey Nagin  †
* Alexander Bortnikov
* Andrei Kolesnikov
* Andrei Sychevoi
* Andrey Belousov
* Andrey Vorobyov
* Dmitry Medvedev
* Gennady Zhidko  #
* Igor Kastyukevich
* Ivan Popov
* Mikhail Mishustin
* Maria Lvova-Belova
* Nikolai Patrushev
* Oleg Salyukov
* Oleg Tsokov  †
* Ramzan Kadyrov
* Roman Berdnikov
* Rustam Muradov
* Sergey Kobylash
* Sergey Lavrov
* Sergey Naryshkin
* Sergei Shoigu
* Sergey Surovikin
* Timur Ivanov
* Valery Gerasimov
* Viktor Sokolov
* Viktor Zolotov
* Vitaly Gerasimov
* Vyacheslav Gladkov
* Vyacheslav Volodin
* Yevgeny Prigozhin  X

Other|

* Alexander Lukashenko
* Denis Pushilin
* Leonid Pasechnik
* Sergey Aksyonov
* Vitaly Ganchev
* Vladimir Saldo
* Yevgeny Balitsky
* Yuriy Barbashov

Related

* 2023 North Korea–Russia summit
* 2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine
* 2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine
* 2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia
* 2023 visit by Yoon Suk Yeol to Ukraine
* 2025 Putin–Trump call
* Anti-drone mesh
* Anti-Russian sentiment
* Anti-Ukrainian sentiment
* Antonov An-225 Mriya
* Axis of Upheaval
* Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243
* Azovstal Iron and Steel Works
* Brovary helicopter crash
* Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes
* Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death
* Decolonization in Ukraine
* Decommunization in Ukraine
* Derussification in Ukraine
* Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine
* Foreign leaders that have visited during the invasion
* Institute for the Study of War
* Irkutsk Su-30 crash
* Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash
* Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash
* Kyivstar cyberattack
* Lady R incident
* Moldovan coup d'état attempt allegations
* Nord Stream 2
* Proposed Russian annexation of Transnistria
* Punisher
* Russian nuclear weapons
* Sarmat
* Rico Krieger
* Russian military presence in Transnistria
* Ryazan Il-76 crash
* Siberian wildfires
* Sinhury mid-air collision [uk; zh]
* Soloti military training ground shooting
* Soviet imagery
* Territorial Center of Recruitment and Social Support
* Turtle tank
* U-24 association
* Ukrainian-African Renaissance
* Ukrainian conscription crisis
* Western long-range weapons in Russia
* Ural Airlines Flight 1383
* "The Vladimir Putin Interview"
* Voronezh An-26 crash
* Wagner Group plane crash
* Yeysk Su-34 crash
* Yaroslav Hunka scandal
* Time of Heroes

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of Belarus

Africa|

* Libya

Americas|

* Cuba
* Mexico
* United States
* Venezuela

Asia|

* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bangladesh
* China
* Georgia
* India
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Malaysia
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Syria
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Croatia
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Germany
* Kosovo
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Netherlands
* Poland
* Romania
* Russia
* Serbia
* Spain
* Ukraine

Multilateral relations|

* Council of Europe
* European Union
* NATO

Diplomatic missions|

* Diplomatic missions of Belarus / in Belarus

* v
* t
* e

Foreign relations of Russia

Bilateral relations

| Africa|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Central African Republic
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eritrea
* Eswatini
* Ethiopia
* Gambia
* Ghana
* Guinea-Bissau
* Ivory Coast
* Kenya
* Lesotho
* Libya
* Madagascar
* Mali
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Morocco
* Mozambique
* Namibia
* Niger
* Nigeria
* Rwanda
* Senegal
* Seychelles
* Somalia
* South Africa
* South Sudan
* Sudan
* Tanzania
* Tunisia
* Uganda
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe

|

Americas|

* Argentina
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* Chile
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Ecuador
* Guatemala
* Guyana
* Honduras
* Mexico
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* Trinidad and Tobago
* United States
* Russian Empire
* Soviet Union
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Asia|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Georgia
* Abkhazia
* South Ossetia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Kurdistan Region
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* North Korea
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Palestine
* Hamas
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Taiwan
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Timor-Leste
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

Europe|

* Albania
* Austria
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Kosovo
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Transnistria
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Ukraine
* Donetsk PR
* Luhansk PR
* United Kingdom
* Vatican City

Oceania|

* Australia
* Fiji
* Nauru
* New Zealand
* Tonga
* Vanuatu

Multilateral relations

* BRICS
* European Union
* NATO
* United Nations
* Arctic policy of Russia
* Russia and the Antarctic
* Near Abroad

Diplomacy

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Foreign Minister)
* Diplomatic missions of Russia / in Russia
* European energy sector
* Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
* Eurasian Economic Union
* Military Cooperation
* Treaties
* Military doctrine
* Foreign Relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine

*[Ref.]: References
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