Brahmin dynasty of Sindh

Hindu state ruled by the Chachas in Indian subcontinent

Brahmin dynasty

634–712

PALLAVAS

PANDYAS

CHOLAS

CHERAS

NEZAK
HUNS

TOKHARA
YABGHUS

PATOLAS

KASHMIR

KANNAUJ

Aboriginal
tribes

VALABHI

KAMARUPA

CHALUKYAS

PERSIAN
EMPIRE

Territory of the Chachas and neighbouring polities circa 600-650 CE.[1]

Capital| Aror
Common languages| Sanskrit, Sindhi
Religion

| Hinduism
Government| Monarchy
Maharaja|

• 632–671

| Chach

• 671–679

| Chandar

• 695–712

| Dahir
History|

• Chach founds the dynasty

| 632 634

• Annexed by the Umayyad Caliphate

| 724 712

Preceded by | Succeeded by

|

|  | Rai Kingdom

|

| Caliphal province of Sind |

|

Today part of| Pakistan
India
Iran
Muhammad ibn Qasim's Campaigns in Sindh.

Desert areas (Thar Desert)

Zunbils

Kingdom of Sindh (c. 632– 712 CE)

Kingdom of Valabhi (c.475–c.776 CE)

The Brahmin dynasty (c. 632–712),[2] also known as the Chacha dynasty[3] or Silaij dynasty,[4] was a Hindu[5] dynasty that ruled the Sindh region, succeeding the Rai dynasty. Most of the information about its existence comes from the Chach Nama, a historical account of the Chach-Brahmin dynasty.[6]

The members of the dynasty continued to administer parts of Sindh under the Umayyad Caliphate's Caliphal province of Sind after it fell in 712.[2] These rulers include Hullishāh and Shishah.[2]

## History

[edit]

See also: Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent

The dynasty was founded by a Brahmin named Chach of Aror after he married the widow of Rai Sahasi II and usurped the Buddhist Rai dynasty. His claim was further secured by the killing of Rai Sahasi II's brother.[2][7]

The casus belli for the Ummayad invasion was Sindhi pirates seizing tribute sent from the king of Serendib to the Ummayad Caliph. For the campaign Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan granted a large army to the governor Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, but no attempt was made to annex Sindh due to the caliph's death. Under his son and successor Al-Walid I, the general Muhammad bin Qasim led Islamic invasion of Sindh in 712.

During the conflict local Buddhist clans who maintained loyalty to the previous Rai dynasty such as the Jats, allied themselves with the Ummayads against Dahir. The last Hindu king of Sindh Raja Dahir was killed during the battle of Aror and Sindh was annexed into the Ummayad Caliphate.[8]

## Rulers

[edit]

The known rulers of the Brahmin dynasty are:[2]

* Chach (r. c. 632 – c. 671– )
* Chandar (r. c. 671 – c. 679– )
* Dāhir (r. c. 679 – c. 712– from Alor)

* Dahirsiya (r. c. 679 – c. 709– from Brahmanabad)

Under the Umayyad Caliphate:

* Hullishāh (r. c. 712 – c. 724– )
* Shishah (r. 724– )

* Sindh. Chach of Alor. Pracandendra. Circa 632-671 CE. AR Damma (11mm, 0.64 g, 2h). Obverse: Crowned head right; swastika to right. Reverse: Large trident

* Sindh. Multan. ‘Śri Tapana’. Circa 675-700 CE. AR Damma (12mm, 0.62 g, 8h) Head right; śri in Brahmi on forehead Stylized fire altar surmounted by three pellets; tapan and rja in Brahmi around

## External links

[edit]

— Imperial house —

Brahmin dynasty

Preceded by

Rai dynasty

|  Monarchy
632–712  | Succeeded by

Caliphate

## See also

[edit]

* List of monarchs of Sindh

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical Atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 146, map XIV.2 (b). ISBN 0226742210.
2. ^ a b c d e Wink, André (1991). Al- Hind: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest. Brill. pp. 152–153. ISBN 9004095098.
3. ^ Rao, B. S. L. Hanumantha; Rao, K. Basaveswara (1958). Indian History and Culture. Commercial Literature Company. p. 337.
4. ^ MacLean, Derryl N. (19 July 2021). Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Stewart, Devin J. (eds.). "Arūr". Encyclopaedia of Islam Three Online. Brill academic. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_com_23005. ISSN 1573-3912.
5. ^ Shaikh, Muhammad Ali. "History of Sindh, before the arabs arrived". asianews.network. Retrieved 2024-08-30.
6. ^ Keay, John (1999). India: A History. London: HarperCollins. pp. 182–183. ISBN 978-0-00-255717-7.
7. ^ MacLean, Derryl N. (1989). Religion and Society in Arab Sind. Brill. ISBN 9004085513.
8. ^ Burton, Richard (1851). Sindh and the Races that Inhabit the Valley of the Indus. Asian Educational Services. pp. 14–15. ISBN 9788120607583.

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Medieval India

Early Medieval Era|

* Magadhan Empire
* Kingdom of Kannauj
* Kingdom of Thanesar
* Kingdom of Valabhi
* Kingdom of Gurjara
* Kingdom of Daśapura
* Kingdom of Sindh
* Rai
* Brahman
* Habbari
* Kingdom of Mahishmati
* Kingdom of Samatata
* Kingdom of Nepal
* Kingdom of Kashmir
* Karkota
* Utpala
* Lohara
* Kingdom of Gauda
* Kingdom of Anahilavada
* Kingdom of Bengal
* Pala
* Kingdom of Dahala
* Tripartite Struggle
* Kingdom of Lata
* Gurjara
* Rashtrakuta

Middle Medieval Era
(Post Tripartite Era)|

* Kingdom of Junagadh
* Emirate of Multan
* Kabul Shahi
* Turk
* Hindu
* Kingdom of Amarkot
* Kingdom of Sambhar
* Kingdom of Mewar
* Kingdom of Bundelkhand
* Kingdom of Trikalinga
* Kingdom of Malwa
* Kingdom of Bengal
* Chandra
* Sena
* Kingdom of Amber
* Kingdom of Sindh
* Soomra
* Kingdom of Jaisalmer
* Kingdom of Kutch
* Kingdom of Kalyani
* Kingdom of Marwar
* Sultanate of Multan
* Kingdom of Mithila
* Karnat
* Oiniwar
* Pithipatis

Late Medieval Era
(Sultanate Era)|

* Sultanate of Delhi
* Mamluk
* Khalji
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* Kingdom of Bikaner
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Related|

* Template:History of India
* Template:Medieval Deccan

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History of Sindh

Periods|

* Indus Valley Civilisation
* Sindhu kingdom
* Rai dynasty
* Brahmin dynasty of Sindh
* Caliphal province of Sind
* Habbari dynasty
* Emirate of Multan
* Soomra dynasty
* Samma dynasty
* Arghun dynasty
* Tarkhan dynasty
* Mughal Empire
* Kalhora dynasty
* Talpur dynasty
* Bombay Presidency
* British period

Capitals|

* Mohenjo-daro
* Debal
* Aror
* Banbhore
* Mansura (Brahmanabad)
* Umer Kot
* Agham Kot
* Thatta
* Khudabad
* Hyderabad
* Karachi

People|

* Hoshu Sheedi
* Dollah Darya Khan
* Dodo Bin Khafef Soomro III
* Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi

Wars & battles|

* Battle of Rasil
* Battle of Halani
* Battle of Miani
* Battle of Hyderabad
* Battle of Fatehpur
* Battle of Khari Khabarlo
* Battle of Kachhi
* Battle of Jhok

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*[r.]: reigned
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