Bread clip

Closure device for plastic bags

A white bread clip

A bread clip is a device that is used to hold plastic bags closed, such as those in which sliced bread is commonly packaged. They are also commonly called bread tags, bread tabs, bread ties, bread buckles, bread-bag clips, or occlupanids. By sealing a bag more securely than tying or folding over its open end, and thus providing a nearly hermetic seal, the contents are preserved longer.

## Designs

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### Simple

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An assortment of simple bread clips

Most designs of bread clip consist of a single plastic part through which the neck of a plastic bag can be threaded. Because these clips are cheap, ubiquitous, and come in a variety of shapes and colors, some people collect them.[1]

Most bread clips are made from plastic #6 polystyrene (PS),[2] but Quebec-based bread clip manufacturing company KLR Systems released recyclable, cardboard bread clips in 2019,[3] which they later switched to producing in 2022.[4]

Such clips are also used for bagged milk. In the Canadian provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia, the most common package is 4 litres—three 1.33-litre sealed bags in a larger bag, which is closed with a clip and imprinted with the milk's expected expiration date.[citation needed]

### Mechanical

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A more complex bread clip design involves two articulated plastic parts mounted on a pivot with a spring between them to provide tension.[citation needed]

## History

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A clip sealing a bag of buns displaying a best before date Biodegradable bread clip in Quebec, Canada

The bread clip was invented by Floyd G. Paxton and manufactured by the Kwik Lok Corporation, based in Yakima, Washington[5] with manufacturing plants in Yakima and New Haven, Indiana. Kwik Lok Corporation's clips are called "Kwik Lok closures".

Paxton was known for repeatedly telling the story about how he came up with the idea of the bread clip. As he told it, he was flying home on an airliner in 1952 and opened a bag of peanuts, whereupon he realized he had no way to reclose it. He rummaged through his wallet and found an expired credit card and hand-carved his first bag clip with a small pen knife. When a fruit packer, Pacific Fruit, wanted to replace rubber bands with a better bag closure for its new plastic bags, Paxton remembered his bag of peanuts. He hand-whittled another clip from a small sheet of Plexiglas. With an order in hand for a million clips, Paxton designed a die-cut machine to produce the clips at high speed. Despite repeated attempts, Paxton never won a United States patent for the clips themselves. He did, however, win numerous patents for the high-speed "bag closing apparatus" that made the clips, inserted bread into the bags, and applied the clips to said bags.[citation needed]

The bread clip was developed in the early 1950s for a growing need to close plastic bags on the packaging line very efficiently. Manufacturers, using more and more automation in the manufacture and packaging of food, needed methods to raise production volumes and reduce costs. At the same time a hurried population of consumers wanted a fast and easy way to open and effectively seal food bags. The simple bread clip sufficed. In addition, re-closability became a selling point as smaller families and higher costs slowed consumption, leading to a potential for higher rates of spoilage.

Kwik Lok continues to be the main manufacturer of bread clips with Schutte as their European competitor.[6]

## "Occlupanids"

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John Daniel, creator of the website horg.com, coined the term occlupanids to describe plastic bread clips,[A] and created a mock phylogeny of the different clip designs, as well as a formal taxonomy including "families" and binomial scientific names.[8] Researchers of occlupanids are called occlupanologists.[9] These terms have since been referenced in popular media.[10][9][11]

## Health risks

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Case studies in the medical literature document instances of inhalation and ingestion.[12][7]

## References

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### Notes

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1. ^ combining the Latin occlu- (to close) and -pan (bread)[7]

### Citations

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1. ^ "Why Shani Nottingham turns plastic bread tags into art installations". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 8 September 2023.
2. ^ "Because You Asked: Can Bread Clips be Recycled?".
3. ^ "KLR launches sustainable bag clip". 8 August 2019.
4. ^ "Cardboard bread clips hitting grocery shelves after Quebec company ditches plastic". CBC News. 13 May 2022. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
5. ^ Losanoff, Julian E.; Basson, Marc D. (September 2011). "Intestinal Obstruction by a Bread Clip". The American Surgeon. 77 (9): 177–178\. doi:10.1177/000313481107700902. PMID 21944599. ProQuest 1443353273. Retrieved 9 May 2024.
6. ^ Grundhauser, Eric (25 May 2017). "Most of the World's Bread Clips Are Made by a Single Company". Atlas Obscura. Retrieved 27 April 2018.
7. ^ a b Lehmer, LM; Ragsdale, BD; Daniel, J; Hayashi, E; Kvalstad, R (September 2011). "Plastic bag clip discovered in partial colectomy accompanying proposal for phylogenic plastic bag clip classification". BMJ Case Reports. 2011: bcr0220113869. doi:10.1136/bcr.02.2011.3869. PMC 3176375. PMID 22679182.
8. ^ Daniels, John. "Holotypic Occlupanid Research Group". Archived from the original on 2021-08-13. Retrieved 2021-08-13.
9. ^ a b Kohlstedt, Kurt (2017-09-25). "Bagged & Tagged: An Introductory Field Guide to Plastic Bread Clips". 99% Invisible. Archived from the original on 2021-04-28. Retrieved 2021-08-13.
10. ^ Boyle, Rhianna (2014-10-20). "Toward a Taxonomy of the Plasticae: Meeting The Holotypic Occlupanid Research Group". The Lifted Brow. Archived from the original on 2021-08-13. Retrieved 2021-08-13.
11. ^ "Critter of the Week: The occlupanid – a member of the phylum Plasticae". National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research. 2016-05-19. Archived from the original on 2021-08-13. Retrieved 2021-08-13.
12. ^ Karro, R; Goussard, P; Loock, J; Gie, R (May 2015). "The simple bread tag - a menace to society?". South African Medical Journal. 105 (5): 342–44\. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.8996 (inactive 11 July 2025). hdl:10019.1/99354. PMID 26242660.`{{cite journal}}`: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)

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