British Empire Building

Building in Rockefeller Center, New York City

British Empire Building

Viewed from Fifth Avenue

General information
Type| Office building
Location| 620 Fifth Avenue
New York, NY 10112
Coordinates| 40°45′30″N 73°58′41″W﻿ / ﻿40.75826°N 73.97792°W﻿ / 40.75826; -73.97792
Completed| 1933
Owner| Tishman Speyer
Height
Roof| 90 ft (27 m) (excluding penthouse)
Technical details
Floor count| 6 (+1+1⁄2-story penthouse)
Design and construction
Architect(s)| Associated Architects, including Raymond Hood
Developer| John D. Rockefeller Jr.
Structural engineer| Post & McCord

British Empire Building

U.S. Historic district
Contributing property

NYC Landmark No. 1446

Area| 22 acres (8.8 ha)
Architect| Raymond Hood
Architectural style| Modern, Art Deco
Part of| Rockefeller Center (ID87002591)
NYCL No.| 1446
Significant dates
Designated CP| December 23, 1987[1]
Designated NYCL| April 23, 1985

The British Empire Building, also known by its address 620 Fifth Avenue, is a commercial building at Rockefeller Center in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City. Completed in 1933, the six-story structure was designed in the Art Deco style by Raymond Hood, Rockefeller Center's lead architect. The British Empire Building, along with the nearly identical La Maison Francaise to the south and the high-rise International Building to the north, comprise a group of retail-and-office structures known as the International Complex. La Maison Francaise and the British Empire Building are separated by Channel Gardens, a planted pedestrian esplanade running west to the complex's Lower Plaza.

The facade is made of limestone, with a main entrance along Fifth Avenue and secondary entrances on 50th Street and Channel Gardens. The top of the British Empire Building contains setbacks, a rooftop garden, and a partial seventh-story penthouse. The building's entrances contain ornate decorations by Lee Lawrie and Carl Paul Jennewein, while the windows include decorations by Rene Paul Chambellan. The entire Rockefeller Center complex is a New York City designated landmark and a National Historic Landmark.

La Maison Francaise and the British Empire Building were developed as part of the construction of Rockefeller Center after a proposal for a single building on the site was scrapped. After the British government signed a lease for the building in January 1932, work began the next month with a groundbreaking ceremony in July 1932. The building was completed in 1933 and initially mainly hosted British companies. Over the years, the building has contained a variety of tenants, including stores and travel companies.

## Site

[edit]

Buildings of Rockefeller Center

110m
120yds

6th  Avenue

* view
* talk
* edit

Buildings and structures in Rockefeller Center:

1 Rockefeller Plaza

10 Rockefeller Plaza

La Maison Francaise

British Empire Building

30 Rockefeller Plaza

International Building

50 Rockefeller Plaza

1230 Avenue of the Americas

Radio City Music Hall

1270 Avenue of the Americas

75 Rockefeller Plaza

600 Fifth Avenue

608 Fifth Avenue

1271 Avenue of the Americas

1251 Avenue of the Americas

1221 Avenue of the Americas

1211 Avenue of the Americas

The British Empire Building is part of the Rockefeller Center complex in the Midtown Manhattan neighborhood of New York City.[2][3] Located at 620 Fifth Avenue,[4] it is part of Rockefeller Center's International Complex. The British Empire Building's architectural twin La Maison Francaise is directly to the south, and the International Building is directly to the north.[3][5] The rectangular land lot is shared with La Maison Francaise and is bounded by Rockefeller Plaza to the west, 50th Street to the north, Fifth Avenue to the east, and 49th Street to the south. It covers 63,261 square feet (5,877.1 m2) and has a frontage of 200.83 ft (61 m) on Fifth Avenue and 315 ft (96 m) on the streets.[2]

The Channel Gardens, a 60-foot-wide (18 m), 200-foot-long (61 m) planted pedestrian esplanade, separates the British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise.[6][7] It is named after the English Channel, the waterway separating Britain and France.[8] The plaza slopes down toward the Lower Plaza to the west.[6][7] The Lower Plaza is a below-grade courtyard containing Paul Manship's Prometheus sculpture and a seasonal ice rink.[9][10] Architectural critic Paul Goldberger of The New York Times described the British Empire Building, Channel Gardens, and La Maison Francaise as "leading to a central focus", namely the Lower Plaza.[11]

The British Empire Building is in the eastern section of the Rockefeller Center complex.[12] Within Rockefeller Center, the building faces 1 Rockefeller Plaza to the south, 10 Rockefeller Plaza to the southwest, 30 Rockefeller Plaza to the west, 50 Rockefeller Plaza to the northwest, and the British Empire Building and International Building to the north. The building is also near St. Patrick's Cathedral to the northeast, the Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store (including 623 Fifth Avenue) to the east, 597 Fifth Avenue to the southeast, and 608 Fifth Avenue and 600 Fifth Avenue to the south.[2] The site was previously part of the campus of Columbia University,[13] which retained ownership of most of the land well after the complex was built.[14]

## Architecture

[edit]

The British Empire Building is a six-story limestone building, with setbacks to the north and south above the fifth story.[15][16] The building was designed by the Associated Architects of Rockefeller Center, composed of the firms of Corbett, Harrison & MacMurray; Hood, Godley & Fouilhoux; and Reinhard & Hofmeister.[17][18] The Associated Architects designed all of Rockefeller Center's buildings in the Art Deco style.[19]

British Empire Building Marker 1932

According to The New York Times, the British Empire Building measures 90 feet (27 m) tall to the top of its sixth story.[20] The edifice measures 70 feet (21 m) on Fifth Avenue and 200 feet (61 m) on 50th Street.[21] There is a 1+1⁄2-story penthouse above the west half of the sixth story and a roof garden above the eastern half of the sixth story.[22][16] The seventh-story penthouse gives the building a more imposing massing along the Lower Plaza than along Fifth Avenue.[23] The masses of the British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise complement that of 623 Fifth Avenue to the east[24] and 30 Rockefeller Plaza to the west.[25]

### Facade

[edit]

The entire facade is made of limestone. The ground floor of the British Empire Building includes storefronts and display windows on all four elevations.[22] The building's storefronts were originally assigned address numbers 620A to 620G on Fifth Avenue.[26] The British Empire Building contains a cornerstone at its southeast corner, with inscriptions.[27] Above the ground floor is a cornice with a bead and reel molding. The second through seventh floors have steel sash windows with slightly recessed limestone spandrels between the windows on each story. The windows are separated by flat vertical piers with ribbon moldings at their capitals.[22][28] Three flagpoles hang from the piers on Fifth Avenue. The setbacks are also topped by ribbon moldings.[22] There are also cornices above the setbacks, which were intended to draw viewers' attention toward 30 Rockefeller Plaza.[25]

Hartley Burr Alexander, a mythology and symbology professor who oversaw Rockefeller Center's art program, led the installation of artwork throughout the complex.[29][30][31] Rockefeller Center's international complex was decorated to an international theme, with motifs representing the arts, peace, and commerce.[32] The British Empire Building's artwork was themed to "symbols of a new day".[33][34] The building's art was designed by American artists. This contrasted with La Maison Francaise and the International Building's Palazzo d'Italia wing, which were decorated by artists from the buildings' respective home countries of France and Italy.[34] As Britain did not have a good economy at the time of the building's construction, most of the artwork in the building focused on the historical empire rather than its artistic contribution.[35]

#### Fifth Avenue

[edit]

Portal with gold leaf figures

Carl Paul Jennewein sculpted nine gold-leaf figures on three vertical panels above the entrance,[36][37][38] signifying commerce and industry in different parts of the British Empire.[39] They represent the major industries and the products traded within the empire: salt, coal, tobacco, wheat, fish, wool, cotton, and sugar. Some of the figures also serve as personifications of countries in the Commonwealth of Nations.[37][38] All figures except the central one are labeled with their respective industry.[38] A radial sun beneath the center figures symbolizes the global empire on which "the sun never sets".[37][38]

Limestone cartouche

Above these panels, Jennewein also sculpted a cartouche that depicts the British coat of arms.[37][40] The coat of arms is divided into quadrants with gold-colored motifs. The top left and bottom right quadrants have three passant guardant lions on a red background, signifying England. The top right quadrant shows a rampant lion on a red background, representing Scotland. The bottom left quadrant depicts a harp on a green background, standing for Ireland.[40] Around the coat of arms is a ribbon with the gilded motto of the British chivalric Order of the Garter: "Honi soit qui mal y pense" (Shame on him who thinks evil about it).[37][40] A lion with a crown is to the left of the coat of arms, while a unicorn is to the right; they represent England and Scotland respectively. Additional motifs of the British Isles are present below the animals.[40] The bottom of the bas relief is inscribed with the motto of the British Royalty: "Dieu et mon droit" (God and my right).[37][40]

Rene Chambellan created four bas-reliefs above the sixth-story windows. They depict the coats of arms of Wales, England, Scotland, and Ireland from left to right.[41][42] The Welsh panel depicts plumes above a Welsh Dragon, while the English panel depicts a lion and a Tudor rose.[37][42] The Scottish panel is a unicorn with a thistle, while the Irish panel contains a stag, a harp, and a trefoil shamrock.[37][43] Early plans called for the Fifth Avenue elevation to be capped by a limestone frieze and statues, but these were greatly simplified in the final plans.[28]

#### Other elevations

[edit]

The west elevation rises seven stories and includes display windows, but no doors, at ground level. West of the building, stairs descend from the sidewalk to the Lower Plaza. As a result, the west elevation's left display window is smaller than the other display windows on that elevation. The west elevation does not itself set back, but the fifth- and seventh-story setbacks of the north and south elevations are visible. The west elevation is divided by four piers, each with a bronze hood for illumination. The leftmost pier contains a small inscription with the text "Rockefeller Center".[44]

The north and south elevations are similar to each other and include ground-level storefronts and display windows.[22] On the ground story of both elevations, there are four storefronts or display windows on either side of a secondary entrance.[27] On the secondary entrances, Lee Lawrie placed decorations signifying symbols of the empire's power.[45][46] The entrances themselves are recessed and include revolving doors. The western eight bays of each elevation rise to the seventh story, with limestone lattice spandrels and an additional setback above six of these bays.[27] There is a cornerstone with an inscription at the southeast corner of the building.[22]

The northern entrance at 10 West 50th Street is simple in design. It contains three gilded lions in a passant-gardant posture, which are carved into the limestone block above the entrance.[47][48] Beneath the lions is a lintel with gray-and-gold background and red Tudor roses.[47] The southern entrance on Channel Gardens is topped by a gilded carving of Mercury, flying over a set of blue-green waves.[47][49] Mercury is depicted carrying a caduceus, with a fan-shaped sun above him.[49] Below Mercury is a lintel with dark-blue rhombuses and golden triangles.[47] Both entrances' decorations were made in intaglio, making them flush with the facade.[46]

### Features

[edit]

The British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise together contain only 173,000 square feet (16,100 m2) of floor area, even though their site can theoretically accommodate a 912,800-square-foot (84,800 m2) building.[50] When the building was completed, it had a gross floor area of 54,000 square feet (5,000 m2) across six stories and two basements.[51] The basement connects to other buildings at Rockefeller Center, including 30 Rockefeller Plaza, the International Building, and La Maison Francaise.[52] The building had a high-pressure steam system in place of radiators. During summer, the interior spaces were cooled to 80 °F (27 °C) by high-pressure steam, supplied by melting up to 600,000 pounds (270,000 kg) of ice per day. During winter, the interior temperature was kept at 70 °F (21 °C).[51]

The superstructure is made of skeletal steel[22] and weighs 1,700 short tons (1,500 long tons; 1,500 t).[21] The building's steel structure was strengthened to support the weight of the rooftop garden,[53] which is planted with flowers and hedges.[54] The rooftop also contains a memorial garden known as Anzac Garden, which was installed in 1942.[55][56] C. J. Hughes of The New York Times described the roof gardens in 2019 as "jewels that have broken loose from a necklace and landed on a dusty floor".[57]

## History

[edit]

The construction of Rockefeller Center occurred between 1932 and 1940[a] on land that John D. Rockefeller Jr. leased from Columbia University.[60][61] The Rockefeller Center site was originally supposed to be occupied by a new opera house for the Metropolitan Opera.[62] By 1928, Benjamin Wistar Morris and designer Joseph Urban were hired to come up with blueprints for the house.[63] However, the new building was too expensive for the opera to fund by itself, and it needed an endowment.[18] The project ultimately gained Rockefeller's support.[18][64] The planned opera house was canceled in December 1929 due to various issues,[65][66][67] and Rockefeller quickly negotiated with Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and its subsidiaries, National Broadcasting Company (NBC) and Radio-Keith-Orpheum (RKO), to build a mass media entertainment complex on the site.[68][69][70] By May 1930, RCA and its affiliates had agreed to develop the site.[71][72]

### Development

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Fifth Avenue facade

One proposal for Rockefeller Center, revealed in March 1930,[73] included an oval retail building on Fifth Avenue between 49th and 50th Streets, whose top floors would contain Chase National Bank offices.[74][75] A refined proposal, announced in March 1931, called for a rooftop garden atop the oval building.[76][77] The public criticized the revised plan[78][79] and saw the oval building in particular as clashing with other designs on Fifth Avenue.[79][80][81] The oval building was scrapped in early 1931 after Chase withdrew from the project.[82][80][81] It was replaced by a pair of six-story retail buildings between 49th and 50th Streets, as well as a 41-story tower on the block to the north.[82][80][83] Because the canceled oval building had contained rooftop gardens, Raymond Hood suggested the idea for rooftop gardens across the complex, including on all of the retail buildings.[16][84][85] These gardens would be curated by Ralph Hancock.[86][87]

As American tenants were reluctant to rent in these retail buildings, Rockefeller Center manager Hugh Robertson, formerly of Todd, Robertson and Todd, suggested foreign tenants for the buildings.[88][89] The complex's managers promoted Rockefeller Center as a "hub for international trade".[8] Rockefeller Center's managers held talks with prospective Czech, German, Italian, and Swedish lessees who could potentially occupy the six-story internationally themed buildings on Fifth Avenue. Dutch, Chinese, Japanese, and Russian tenants were also reportedly considered.[83][88][89] The British government leased the building in January 1932,[90] making it the first themed building for which an agreement was made.[33][91][81] The building was to be a free port, with all of its merchandise being exempted from tariffs,[92] and it would host the governmental and commercial ventures of the United Kingdom.[81][91] The seventh-story penthouse above the building was added late in the design process.[23]

Excavation for the sites of the British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise began in February 1932.[90] Within two months, more than 28,000 cubic yards (21,000 m3) of dirt had been excavated.[93][94] Work on the buildings temporarily stopped in May 1932 because of a labor strike.[95] A groundbreaking ceremony for the British Empire Building was held on July 2, 1932, when Francis Hopwood, 1st Baron Southborough, placed the cornerstone.[96][97] The British Building's structural steel started construction in October of that year.[98] The building topped out on November 15, 1932,[92][99] just sixteen workdays after steel contractors Post & McCord had started erecting the superstructure.[92] Afterward, construction contractors Barr, Irons & Lane continued to fit out the building.[21] Jennewein's ornamentation was installed the next January.[100] By early April 1933, the building's plastering and tilework were completed.[101] That month, the New York Building Congress hosted a ceremony on the second floor, giving craftsmanship awards to 27 workers who were involved in the project.[102][103] Lawrie was hired to create the decorative panels for the building's facade that June.[104]

### 1930s to 1970s

[edit]

A two-story free port under the British Empire Building was announced in October 1933.[105] The next month, cigarette brand Dunhill opened a three-story tobacco and specialty store in the building,[106][107] with a mural by Arthur Crisp[107] and the world's largest conditioned humidor.[106] Other early tenants included perfumer Yardley London,[108] furniture store Arundell Clarke Ltd.,[109] the Empire Galleries art gallery,[110] Imperial Airways,[111] and the Canadian Department of Trade and Commerce.[112] By the beginning of 1935, the British Empire Building was 91 percent occupied.[113] The building also hosted exhibits such as a display of Ethiopian coins[114] and a model-boat show.[115] Rockefeller Center celebrated the building's first anniversary in October 1935 with a "cocktail and tea party" featuring actor Roland Young.[116] The last vacant space in the British Empire Building was leased by British company Aluminum Ltd. in April 1937, making it the first building in Rockefeller Center to be fully leased.[117]

Among the tenants that moved into the British Empire Building in the 1940s were gift store The Waldrons (which expanded its space four times in two years);[118] jewelry firm Staiger & May;[119] shipbuilding magnate Henry J. Kaiser;[120] the Canadian consulate general in New York City;[121] and shoe store Hanan & Son.[122] In addition, a memorial to Anzac fighters in World War II opened within the rooftop garden in 1942.[55][56] Even during World War II, the building was recorded as being fully occupied in 1944.[123] After World War II, Rockefeller Center sought to add air conditioning to its original structures, as this feature was already in place in newer buildings.[124][125] The British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise already had cooling systems, which were upgraded.[124] Columbia University was tasked with installing air conditioning in the buildings.[125] The onset of the Korean War in 1950 delayed the project but, by the next year, Columbia had acquiesced to reimbursing Rockefeller Center Inc. for the installation.[126]

In the 1950s, menswear retailer Whitehouse and Hardy leased a store in the British Empire Building,[127] and Japan Air Lines opened executive offices there.[128] Additionally, Anzac Day commemorations were hosted at the building each year;[129] though the holiday fell on April 25 each year, the celebrations could only take place on weekends due to lease stipulations.[130] Leon Barmache redesigned the Yardley London store in the building in 1963.[131] Shirt maker Custom Shop,[132] a Magnavox "entertainment center",[133] and jewelry shop Ordiam also occupied space at the British Empire Building in the 1970s.[134] A gallery named Nikon House was also operating within the British Empire Building by the early 1980s.[135] The building was also upgraded in the early 1980s to comply with more stringent fire-safety regulations.[136]

### 1980s and 1990s

[edit]

View of the building's Lower Plaza elevation

Columbia University was not making enough money from Rockefeller Center leases by the 1970s,[137] and the university started looking to sell the land beneath Rockefeller Center, including the International Building, in 1983.[138] That year, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (LPC) held hearings to determine how much of Rockefeller Center should be protected as a landmark.[139] The Rockefeller family and Columbia University acknowledged that the buildings were already symbolically landmarks, but their spokesman John E. Zuccotti recommended that only the block between 49th and 50th Streets be protected, including the British Empire Building.[b] By contrast, almost everyone else who supported Rockefeller Center's landmark status recommended that the entire complex be landmarked.[141][142][143] The LPC granted landmark status to the exteriors of all of the original complex's buildings, as well as the interiors of two lobbies, on April 23, 1985.[143][144][145][c] Rockefeller Center's original buildings also became a National Historic Landmark in 1987.[146]

Meanwhile, Columbia had agreed to sell the land to the Rockefeller Group for $400 million in February 1985.[138][147] The Rockefeller Group formed Rockefeller Center Inc. that July to manage the British Empire Building and other properties.[148][149] The Hudson-Shatz Painting Company also restored Jennewein's cartouche and gold-leaf figures above the British Empire Building's entrance in 1985, coating these with a 23-karat layer of gold.[150] The Dunhill humidor room, which had operated continuously since the building's opening, was downsized later that year due to increasing rents.[151] During 1987, the roof gardens were restored at a cost of $48,000 for each garden.[152] Mitsubishi Estate, a real estate company of the Mitsubishi Group, purchased a majority stake in the Rockefeller Group in 1988, including the British Empire Building and Rockefeller Center's other structures.[153][154] Subsequently, the Rockefeller Group transferred some of the unused air rights above the British Empire Building and La Maison Francaise to the Rockefeller Plaza West skyscraper on Seventh Avenue.[155][50] In exchange, the Rockefeller Group had to preserve the original buildings between 49th and 50th Streets[b] under a more stringent set of regulations than the rest of the complex.[156]

The Rockefeller Group filed for bankruptcy protection in May 1995 after missing several mortgage payments.[157][158] That November, John Rockefeller Jr.'s son David and a consortium led by Goldman Sachs agreed to buy Rockefeller Center's buildings for $1.1 billion,[159] beating out Sam Zell and other bidders.[160] The transaction included $306 million for the mortgage and $845 million for other expenses.[161] A preservation dispute arose in May 1998, when the owners announced plans to enlarge shop windows on the center's Fifth Avenue buildings to two stories.[162][163] The window sizes were reduced upon the LPC's request,[164][165] and the modifications were approved in September 1998.[164][166]

### 2000s to present

[edit]

Tishman Speyer, led by David Rockefeller's close friend Jerry Speyer and the Lester Crown family of Chicago, bought the original 14 buildings and land in December 2000 for $1.85 billion, including the British Empire Building.[161][153] Anzac Day celebrations continued to be hosted on the roof through the 21st century.[130] In addition, a Lego Store replaced a Brookstone appliance store in the building in 2010, and teahouse chain TeaGschwendner opened a store the same year.[167] A Victorinox Swiss Army knife store opened in the building in 2016.[168]

In January 2020, Tishman Speyer hired Gabellini Sheppard Associates to design a renovation for Channel Gardens, Rockefeller Plaza, and the Lower Plaza. These plans included modifications to lighting, planting, pathways, and facades, such as the storefronts of La Maison Francaise and the British Empire Building.[169][170] The plans were approved that April.[171]

## References

[edit]

### Notes

[edit]

1. ^ 30 Rockefeller Plaza was the first building to start construction, in September 1932.[58] The last building was completed in 1940.[59]
2. ^ a b Namely 1250 Avenue of the Americas, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, the British Empire Building, La Maison Francaise, the Channel Gardens, and the Lower Plaza[140]
3. ^ The final landmark designation covers 12 buildings as well as the Channel Gardens, Rockefeller Plaza, and Lower Plaza. These are 1230, 1250, and 1270 Avenue of the Americas; 1, 10, 30, 50, and 75 Rockefeller Plaza; the British Empire Building; the International Building; La Maison Francaise; and Radio City Music Hall. The lobbies of the International Building and 30 Rockefeller Plaza were also protected.[140]

### Citations

[edit]

1. ^ "Rockefeller Center". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. September 18, 2007. Archived from the original on October 11, 2012.
2. ^ a b c "610 5 Avenue, 10020". New York City Department of City Planning. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
3. ^ a b White, Norval; Willensky, Elliot; Leadon, Fran (2010). AIA Guide to New York City (5th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. p. 326\. ISBN 978-0-19538-386-7.
4. ^ Adams 1985, p. 91.
5. ^ Robins 2017, p. 113.
6. ^ a b Federal Writers' Project 1939, pp. 334–335.
7. ^ a b Reynolds 1994, pp. 303–305.
8. ^ a b Kimmelman, Michael (April 15, 2020). "Rockefeller Center's Art Deco Marvel: A Virtual Tour". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 25, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
9. ^ Krinsky 1978, p. 64.
10. ^ Reynolds 1994, p. 305.
11. ^ Goldberger, Paul (December 24, 1976). "Glow at the City's Heart". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
12. ^ Krinsky 1978, p. 4.
13. ^ "Rockefeller Site For Opera Dropped" (PDF). The New York Times. December 6, 1929. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
14. ^ Dowd, Maureen (February 6, 1985). "Columbia Is to Get $400 Million in Rockefeller Center Land Sale". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 10, 2017. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
15. ^ Adams 1985, p. 98.
16. ^ a b c Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987, p. 647.
17. ^ Federal Writers' Project 1939, p. 334.
18. ^ a b c Adams 1985, p. 13.
19. ^ Robins 2017, p. 112.
20. ^ "The Rockefeller Center Complex". The New York Times. October 4, 1970. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
21. ^ a b c "British Empire Building Frame Made in 16 Days: American Workers Set Mark Erecting Steel for Rockefeller Center Unit". New York Herald Tribune. November 20, 1932. p. D1. ProQuest 1114602292.
22. ^ a b c d e f g Adams 1985, p. 99.
23. ^ a b Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987, pp. 647, 650.
24. ^ Dunlap, David W. (April 15, 1990). "Commercial Property: The Swiss Bank Tower; A Building Designed to Suit Needs and Neighbors". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
25. ^ a b Reynolds 1994, p. 303.
26. ^ "' Rockefeller Plaza' Joins City Directory; Center's New Street and Promenade Named". The New York Times. January 16, 1933. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 13, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
27. ^ a b c Adams 1985, pp. 99–100.
28. ^ a b Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987, p. 650.
29. ^ Krinsky 1978, p. 110.
30. ^ "Outline is Drawn of Radio City Art" (PDF). The New York Times. December 6, 1931. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
31. ^ Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987, p. 651.
32. ^ Reynolds 1994, p. 306.
33. ^ a b "Rockefeller Center". National Register of Historic Places, National Park Service. December 23, 1987. p. 8\. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
34. ^ a b Adams 1985, p. 93.
35. ^ Adams 1985, p. 96.
36. ^ Federal Writers' Project 1939, pp. 339–340.
37. ^ a b c d e f g h Adams 1985, p. 94.
38. ^ a b c d Roussel 2006, p. 79.
39. ^ Robins 2017, pp. 112–113.
40. ^ a b c d e Roussel 2006, p. 80.
41. ^ Adams 1985, pp. 109–110.
42. ^ a b Roussel 2006, p. 82.
43. ^ Roussel 2006, p. 83.
44. ^ Adams 1985, p. 100.
45. ^ Adams 1985, p. 97.
46. ^ a b Roussel 2006, pp. 84–85.
47. ^ a b c d Adams 1985, p. 95.
48. ^ Roussel 2006, p. 84.
49. ^ a b Roussel 2006, p. 85.
50. ^ a b Dunlap, David W. (September 9, 1990). "Commercial Property: Rockefeller Center; The Labyrinthian Path to Building a 55-Story Tower". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
51. ^ a b "600,000 Lbs. Of Ice to Chill Building Here: Enough to Cover 10 Madison Square Rinks Will Be Used, Engineer Says". New York Herald Tribune. August 20, 1933. p. H7. ProQuest 1115113815.
52. ^ "Rockefeller City Fihishes Tunnels; Underground Corridors and Ramps Opened for Truck and Pedestrian Traffic". The New York Times. May 4, 1935. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 12, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
53. ^ Deitz, Paula (December 16, 1982). "Design Notebook". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
54. ^ "Landscaping In Rockefeller Center to Start: Irees, Flowers and Hedges Will Adorn Former Site of Elgin Botanic Garden Roofs To Be Embellished Will Have Sunken Gardens; Promenade To Be Built". New York Herald Tribune. September 17, 1933. p. 10\. ProQuest 1115105110.
55. ^ a b "World War Dead of Anzacs Honored; Memorial Held as Garden Is Opened Atop the British Empire Building". The New York Times. May 23, 1942. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
56. ^ a b "Anzac Garden Opened Atop British Building: Ceremony Here Pays Tribute to World War Dead The Anzac Garden, on a Rockefeller Center Roof, Is Formally Opened". New York Herald Tribune. May 23, 1942. p. 13\. ProQuest 1266917602.
57. ^ Hughes, C. J. (July 19, 2019). "Now That's a City View". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
58. ^ "First Steel Column Erected in 70-Story Rockefeller Unit". The New York Times. March 8, 1932. p. 43\. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
59. ^ "Airline Building is Dedicated Here; Governors of 17 States Take Part by Pressing Keys" (PDF). The New York Times. October 16, 1940. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
60. ^ Glancy 1992, p. 431.
61. ^ Kaiser, Charles (March 21, 1976). "The Truth Is, Columbia Owns Rockefeller Center Buildings, Too". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 25, 2022. Retrieved February 25, 2022.
62. ^ "Radio City Music Hall" (PDF). New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. March 28, 1978. p. 3\. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 16, 2017. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
63. ^ Okrent 2003, p. 21.
64. ^ Krinsky 1978, pp. 31–32.
65. ^ "Rockefeller Site for Opera Dropped" (PDF). The New York Times. December 6, 1929. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
66. ^ Balfour 1978, p. 11.
67. ^ Krinsky 1978, pp. 16, 48–50.
68. ^ Krinsky 1978, p. 50.
69. ^ Adams 1985, p. 29.
70. ^ Okrent 2003, p. 70.
71. ^ Balfour 1978, p. 53.
72. ^ Okrent 2003, p. 142.
73. ^ Krinsky 1978, pp. 53.
74. ^ "Rockefeller Begins Work in the Fall on 5th Av. Radio City" (PDF). The New York Times. June 17, 1930. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved November 10, 2017.
75. ^ Krinsky 1978, pp. 55, map p. 54.
76. ^ Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987, p. 644.
77. ^ "Radio City to Create a New Architecture" (PDF). The New York Times. March 6, 1931. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
78. ^ Krinsky 1978, pp. 57–58.
79. ^ a b Balfour 1978, p. 36.
80. ^ a b c Adams 1985, p. 92.
81. ^ a b c d Krinsky 1978, p. 59.
82. ^ a b Stern, Gilmartin & Mellins 1987, p. 646.
83. ^ a b Balfour 1978, p. 44.
84. ^ "Plans Revised for Radio City" (PDF). The New York Sun. August 24, 1931. p. 20. Retrieved November 16, 2017 - via Fultonhistory.com.
85. ^ Hood, Raymond (August 23, 1931). "The Babylonian Dream Soon to Be Made Reality in Radio City Is Seen by the Architects as a Huge Experiment Holding the Possibility of a Completely Transformed Metropolis" (PDF). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
86. ^ "Gardens of the World Atop Radio City; New York Watches the Growth of a New Venture in the Realm of Horticulture" (PDF). The New York Times. September 2, 1934. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
87. ^ "New York's "Hanging Gardens"" (PDF). Albany Times-Union. 1934. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
88. ^ a b Adams 1985, p. 87.
89. ^ a b Krinsky 1978, p. 69.
90. ^ a b "British Group Takes Radio City Building". The New York Times. January 7, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
91. ^ a b "Radio City Building Seen as Aid to Britain; Head of London Syndicate Says Offer Was Friendly Gesture by Rockefeller" (PDF). The New York Times. January 8, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 16, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2017.
92. ^ a b c "British Empire Building Steel Frame Completed: Skeleton of Structure in Rockefeller Center Placed". New York Herald Tribune. November 15, 1932. p. 30\. ProQuest 1125440158.
93. ^ "Excavation Work Pushed; Sites Being Prepared for Fifth Av. Units in Rockefeller Centre". The New York Times. April 26, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
94. ^ "Radio City Steelwork Reaches Eleventh Floor: Excavation on Other Units of Rockefeller Center Pushed". New York Herald Tribune. April 26, 1932. p. 30\. ProQuest 1221270627.
95. ^ "30,000 Building in on 'Vacation' Strike; All Groups in Industry to Stay Out Until Satisfactory Wage Agreements Are Made". The New York Times. May 3, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
96. ^ "British Lay Stone in Rockefeller City". The New York Times. July 3, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
97. ^ "Nobleman Lays Cornerstone in Radio City". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. July 3, 1932. p. 6\. Archived from the original on November 12, 2017. Retrieved November 10, 2017 - via Newspapers.com.
98. ^ "British Unit is Begun at Rockefeller Centre" (PDF). The New York Times. October 19, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 20, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
99. ^ "M'Kee Urges Public to Help Hospitals". The New York Times. November 15, 1932. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
100. ^ "Ornaments Ready For Empire Group". The Christian Science Monitor. January 24, 1933. p. 9\. ProQuest 513310686.
101. ^ "Building Work Pushed At Rockefeller Center". New York Herald Tribune. April 6, 1933. p. 28\. ProQuest 1221795238.
102. ^ "27 Craftsmen Get Rockefeller Center Awards: Workmen Who Constructed British Empire Building Honored at Ceremony". New York Herald Tribune. April 12, 1933. p. 34\. ProQuest 1221798314.
103. ^ "Praise British Building; Speakers Also Honor Workmen at New Rockefeller Center Unit". The New York Times. April 12, 1933. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
104. ^ "Lawrie Gets Contract; To Do Panels In British Building In Rockefeller Center". The New York Times. June 12, 1933. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
105. ^ "Rockefeller Center to Open Warehouse; Underground Space Set Aside for Use of Tenants Will Be Part of 'Free Port' There". The New York Times. October 16, 1933. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
106. ^ a b "Plans Liquor Sale in Rockefeller City; New Dunhill Shop in British Empire Building Has Home Bars on View". The New York Times. November 21, 1933. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
107. ^ a b "Dunhill's Store In Rockefeller Center Opening: New Shop in British Empire Building Is Six Times the Size of Former Premises Departments Are Added Women's Clothes To Be Sold; Liquor Will Be Purveyed". New York Herald Tribune. November 20, 1933. p. 10\. ProQuest 1125466258.
108. ^ "Yardley & Co. Lease Space in Midtown Zone: Perfumery Firm Will Move Office and Display Units to Rockefeller Center". New York Herald Tribune. April 19, 1933. p. 30\. ProQuest 1222098946.
109. ^ "English Furniture Firm Rents Midtown Quarters: Arundell Clarke, Ltd., Takes Rockefeller Center Stores". New York Herald Tribune. October 10, 1933. p. 37\. ProQuest 1114743990.
110. ^ Jewell, Edward Alden (December 28, 1933). "Art World Roused by Italian Peasant; Paintings of Mario Toppi Are Shown in New Rockefeller Center Galleries". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
111. ^ "Space Leased in City by Air Line Concerns; Three Companies Take Quarters in Rockefeller Center-Other Commercial Leases". The New York Times. October 5, 1937. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
112. ^ "Canadian Agency Moving; Trade and Commerce Unit Rents in Rockefeller Center". The New York Times. August 20, 1936. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
113. ^ "Rockefeller Center Found Well-rented; President of Managing Concern Reveals British Empire Unit Is 90.8% Occupied". The New York Times. January 30, 1935. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
114. ^ "Coins of Ethiopia Put on View Here; Selassie Issue and Thalers of 1870 Are Included in Display at British Empire Building". The New York Times. October 13, 1935. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
115. ^ "Sailing Ships Are Forgotten As Modelers Prepare for Show". New York Herald Tribune. March 8, 1935. p. 21\. ProQuest 1221568914.
116. ^ "British Exhibition a Year Old". The New York Times. October 22, 1935. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
117. ^ "Building Fully Rented; All Space Taken in British Empire Building, Rockefeller Unit". The New York Times. April 25, 1937. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
118. ^ "Expand Fourth Time in British Building; ' The Waldrons' Add Ground Floor Space to Gift Store". The New York Times. August 8, 1941. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
119. ^ "Old Shoe Concern Makes Short Move; Dr. Posner Shifting From West Broadway to 139 Duane St. After 25-Year Stay". The New York Times. December 4, 1941. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
120. ^ "Kaiser Will Open Home Office Here; Will Supervise Vast Interests From British Building at Rockefeller Center". The New York Times. June 14, 1943. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
121. ^ "Canada Opens Consulate In Rockefeller Center: Hugh D. Scully Appointed New Consul General". New York Herald Tribune. June 2, 1943. p. 20A. ProQuest 1267983714.
122. ^ "Shoe Concern to Move; Hanan & Son Rents Large Space in British Empire Building". The New York Times. January 11, 1945. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
123. ^ "Rockefeller City Now 99% Rented; Fourteen Big Buildings Contain 3,540,235 Square Feet of Rentable Office Space". The New York Times. January 21, 1944. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
124. ^ a b Bartnett, Edmond J. (June 4, 1961). "Radio City Ending Cooler Project: Installation Begun in 1932 to Be Finished This Year". The New York Times. p. R1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 115477305.
125. ^ a b Krinsky 1978, pp. 106–107.
126. ^ Krinsky 1978, p. 107.
127. ^ "New Men's Shop Due in Midtown; Whitehouse & Hardy Leases Rockefeller Center Space --Restaurant in Rental". The New York Times. June 6, 1955. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
128. ^ "Golf Cart Maker Rents in John St.; Electricar Takes Showroom Space -- Gruntal & Co. to Be in 50 Broadway". The New York Times. March 16, 1959. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
129. ^ "Memorial Recalls Heroism of Anzacs". The New York Times. April 28, 1958. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
130. ^ a b Simunovich, Peter (April 24, 2002). "Salute to fallen soldiers from Australia, New Zealand". Newsday. p. A33. ProQuest 279550139.
131. ^ "Salon Is Given A New Decor". The New York Times. November 23, 1963. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
132. ^ "Downtown Leases Signed". The New York Times. September 24, 1972. p. R10. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 119552372.
133. ^ "Realty Firm Joins Low-Income Housing Venture". The New York Times. July 11, 1971. p. R10. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 119172337.
134. ^ Robinson, Ruth (August 24, 1976). "European Flavor In a Jewelry Shop". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
135. ^ C; Fraser, Gerald (September 7, 1982). "Going Out Guide". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
136. ^ Wolfe, Lisa (February 19, 1984). "City Cracking Down on Fire Law". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
137. ^ Okrent 2003, p. 428.
138. ^ a b Dowd, Maureen (February 6, 1985). "Columbia Is To Get $400 Million In Rockefeller Center Land Sale". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 10, 2017. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
139. ^ Lake, Katharine (April 18, 1983). "Rockefeller Center landmarking proposed". Daily News. p. 106\. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
140. ^ a b Glancy 1992, p. 425.
141. ^ Dunlap, David W. (September 21, 1983). "Rockefeller Center: a 'Jewel' but Is All of It a Landmark?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 14, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
142. ^ Wiener, Caryn Eve (September 21, 1983). "6-Block Landmark Viewed as Too Costly". Newsday. p. 25\. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
143. ^ a b Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006, p. 576.
144. ^ Adams 1985, pp. 270–271.
145. ^ Collins, T. J. (April 24, 1985). "Rockefeller Center a Landmark for Real". Newsday. p. 23\. Archived from the original on March 10, 2022. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
146. ^ Glancy 1992, p. 426.
147. ^ Lipman, Joanne (February 5, 1985). "Columbia University Plans to Sell Land At Rockefeller Center for $400 Million". Wall Street Journal. p. 1\. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 397882539.
148. ^ Prokesch, Steven E. (July 30, 1985). "Rockefeller Group Sets $1.1 Billion Financing". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on November 26, 2017. Retrieved March 10, 2022.
149. ^ Lipman, Joanne (July 30, 1985). "Rockefellers Mortgage Site In New York: For $1.1 Billion Loan, Firm Gets Option to Buy 60% Of Rockefeller Center". Wall Street Journal. p. 3\. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 135025391.
150. ^ "Postings; Glitter on Fifth". The New York Times. June 30, 1985. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
151. ^ Geist, William E. (February 23, 1985). "About New York; a Refined Era Passes at Dunhill's Humidor Room". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 17, 2022. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
152. ^ "Prospects; Roof-Garden Restorations". The New York Times. June 29, 1986. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
153. ^ a b Stern, Fishman & Tilove 2006, p. 578.
154. ^ Cole, Robert J. (October 31, 1989). "Japanese Buy New York Cachet With Deal for Rockefeller Center". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on June 12, 2018. Retrieved November 15, 2017.
155. ^ Glancy 1992, pp. 435–437.
156. ^ Glancy 1992, p. 451.
157. ^ Pacelle, Mitchell; Lipin, Steven (May 12, 1995). "Japanese owner seeks court protection for Manhattan's Rockefeller Center". Wall Street Journal. p. A3. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 398480359.
158. ^ Hansell, Saul (May 12, 1995). "For the Rockefellers, a Deal Falls Short Only by Inches". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
159. ^ Grant, Peter (November 8, 1995). "Rock Ctr. stays in family". New York Daily News. pp. 42, 43. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
160. ^ Grant, Peter (March 22, 1996). "Zell's Rock bid crumbles". New York Daily News. p. 671\. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 11, 2022.
161. ^ a b Bagli, Charles V. (December 22, 2000). "Era Closes at Rockefeller Center With $1.85 Billion Deal on Sale". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 26, 2022. Retrieved February 26, 2022.
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163. ^ Dunlap, David W. (May 6, 1998). "Preservationists Criticize Rockefeller Center Renovation Plan". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on February 15, 2022. Retrieved February 14, 2022.
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### Sources

[edit]

* Adams, Janet (1985). "Rockefeller Center Designation Report" (PDF). City of New York; New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 7, 2017. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
* Balfour, Alan (1978). Rockefeller Center: Architecture as Theater. McGraw-Hill, Inc. ISBN 978-0070034808.
* Federal Writers' Project (1939). New York City Guide. New York: Random House. (Reprinted by Scholarly Press, 1976, ISBN 040302921X; often referred to as WPA Guide to New York City.)
* Glancy, Dorothy J. (January 1, 1992). "Preserving Rockefeller Center". 24 Urb. Law. 423. Santa Clara University School of Law.
* Krinsky, Carol H. (1978). Rockefeller Center. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-502404-3.
* Okrent, Daniel (2003). Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0142001776.
* Reynolds, Donald (1994). The Architecture of New York City: Histories and Views of Important Structures, Sites, and Symbols. J. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-01439-3. OCLC 45730295.
* Robins, Anthony W. (2017). New York Art Deco: A Guide to Gotham's Jazz Age Architecture. Excelsior Editions. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-1-4384-6396-4. OCLC 953576510.
* Roussel, Christine (May 17, 2006). The Art of Rockefeller Center. New York: W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-3930-6082-9.
* Stern, Robert A. M.; Fishman, David; Tilove, Jacob (2006). New York 2000: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Bicentennial and the Millennium. New York: Monacelli Press. ISBN 978-1-58093-177-9. OCLC 70267065. OL 22741487M.
* Stern, Robert A. M.; Gilmartin, Patrick; Mellins, Thomas (1987). New York 1930: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Two World Wars. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 978-0-8478-3096-1. OCLC 13860977.

* v
* t
* e

Midtown (42nd–59th Streets)

Manhattan, New York City

Buildings

| West of
5th Av|

* 1 Worldwide Plz
* 2 Columbus Cir
* 5 Columbus Cir
* 5 W 54th St
* 7 W 54th St
* 10 W 56th St
* 11 W 54th St
* 12 W 56th St
* 13–15 W 54th St
* 30 W 44th St (Penn Club)
* 30 W 56th St
* 46 W 55th St
* 53W53
* 111 W 57th St
* 120 W 46th St
* 125 W 55th St
* 130 W 57th St
* 140 W 57th St
* 165 W 57th St
* 200 Central Park S
* 218 W 57th St
* 220 Central Park S
* 224 W 57th St
* 240 Central Park S
* 500 5th Av
* 520 5th Av
* 608 5th Av
* 650 5th Av
* 660 5th Av
* 712 5th Av
* 740 8th Av
* 745 7th Av
* 750 7th Av
* 810 7th Av
* 888 7th Av
* 1166 6th Av
* 1301 6th Av
* 1345 6th Av
* 1717 Broadway
* 1740 Broadway
* Aeolian Hall
* Alwyn Court
* Americas Tower
* ARO
* Axa Equitable Center
* Bank of America Tower
* Bergdorf Goodman Bldg
* The Briarcliffe
* Brill Bldg
* Calvary Baptist Church
* Carnegie Hall Tower
* Central Park Place
* Central Park Tower
* CBS Bldg
* Church of St. Mary the Virgin
* Crown Bldg
* Coty Bldg
* Deutsche Bank Center
* Executive Plz
* Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church
* Gainsborough Studios
* Hampshire House
* Hearst Tower
* Manufacturers Trust Bldg
* Mark Hellinger Theatre
* Times Square Church
* Metropolitan Tower
* New York City Bar Association Building
* New York Yacht Club Building
* One57
* The Osborne
* Paramount Plz
* Park House
* Philippine Center
* Random House Tower
* Rockefeller Apts
* Rodin Studios
* St. Malachy Roman Catholic Church
* St. Thomas Church
* Salmon Tower Bldg
* Solow Bldg
* Tower 49
* Tower Fifth
* Trump Parc
* W. R. Grace Bldg

| Rockefeller Center|

* 1 Rockefeller Plz
* 10 Rockefeller Plz
* 30 Rockefeller Plz
* 50 Rockefeller Plz
* 75 Rockefeller Plz
* 1211 6th Av
* 1221 6th Av
* 1251 6th Av
* 1271 6th Av
* British Empire Building
* International Building
* La Maison Francaise

|

Times Square|

* 1 Astor Plz
* 1 Times Sq
* 3 Times Sq
* 4 Times Sq
* 11 Times Sq
* 20 Times Sq
* 229 W 43rd St
* 255 W 43rd St
* 1500 Broadway
* 1501 Broadway
* 1540 Broadway
* 1552 Broadway
* 1585 Broadway
* TSX Broadway

East of
5th Av|

* One Vanderbilt
* 3 E 57th St
* 7 E 44th St
* 12 E 53rd St
* 18 E 50th St
* 19 E 54th St
* 100 E 53rd St (Selene)
* 138 E 50th St
* 175 Park Av
* 219 E 49th St
* 252 E 57th St
* 245 Park Av
* 270 Park Av
* 277 Park Av
* 299 Park Av
* 345 Park Av
* 350 Park Av
* 383 Madison Av
* 399 Park Av
* 400 Madison Av
* 425 Park Av
* 432 Park Av
* 450 Lexington Av
* 450 Park Av
* 488 Madison Av (Look Bldg)
* 500 Park Av
* 525 Lexington Av
* 550 Madison Av (Sony Bldg)
* 569 Lexington Av
* 590 Madison Av (IBM Bldg)
* 599 Lexington Av
* 647 5th Av
* 689 5th Av
* 731 Lexington Av
* 919 3rd Av
* Amster Yard
* Apple Fifth Avenue
* Bloomingdale's
* Cartier Bldg
* CBS Studio Bldg
* Central Synagogue
* Charles Scribner's Sons Bldg
* Chrysler Bldg
* Church of Sweden in New York
* Citigroup Ctr
* CitySpire
* DuMont Bldg
* Fifth Church of Christ, Scientist
* Fred F. French Bldg
* Fuller Bldg
* General Electric Bldg
* General Motors Bldg
* Graybar Bldg
* Helmsley Bldg
* Lescaze House
* Lever House
* Lipstick Bldg
* LVMH Tower
* MetLife Bldg
* Modulightor Bldg
* William H. Moore House
* Olympic Tower
* Park Avenue Plz
* Park Avenue Tower
* Ritz Tower
* Rockefeller Guest House
* Saks Fifth Avenue
* St. Agnes Church
* St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church
* St. Patrick's Cathedral
* Seagram Bldg
* Sutton 58
* Tiffany & Co.
* Trump Tower
* Villard Houses
* William and Helen Ziegler House

Former|

* Grand Central Palace
* Hoffman Auto Showroom
* Hotel Marguery
* Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont House
* Sherwood Studio Building
* St. Nicholas Collegiate Reformed Protestant Dutch Church
* Studebaker Building
* Temple Emanu-El
* Union Carbide Building
* Vanderbilt Triple Palace
* William K. Vanderbilt House
* West Presbyterian Church

Theaters

| Broadway theaters|

* Ambassador
* August Wilson
* Belasco
* Bernard B. Jacobs
* Booth
* Broadhurst
* Broadway
* Circle in the Square
* Ethel Barrymore
* Eugene O'Neill
* Gerald Schoenfeld
* Gershwin
* Hayes
* Hudson
* Imperial
* James Earl Jones
* John Golden
* Lena Horne
* Longacre
* Lunt-Fontanne
* Lyceum
* Lyric
* Majestic
* Marquis
* Minskoff
* Music Box
* Neil Simon
* Palace
* Richard Rodgers
* St. James
* Samuel J. Friedman
* Shubert
* Stephen Sondheim
* Studio 54
* Todd Haimes
* Walter Kerr
* Winter Garden

|

Other venues|

* 55th Street Playhouse
* Carnegie Hall
* Ed Sullivan Theater
* The ImaginAsian
* New Victory Theater
* New York City Center
* Paris Theater
* Radio City Music Hall
* Sony Hall
* The Theater Center
* The Town Hall
* York Theatre

Closed/demolished|

* 44th Street
* 48th Street
* Apollo
* Center
* Capitol
* Earl Carroll
* Edison
* Embassy
* Fulton
* George M. Cohan's
* Loew's State
* Lyric
* New Century
* Olympia
* Playhouse
* Roxy
* Strand
* Times Square
* Vanderbilt
* Victoria
* Ziegfeld (1927)
* Ziegfeld (1969)

Hotels

| Current|

* Algonquin Hotel
* Allerton Hotel for Women
* The Benjamin Royal Sonesta New York
* Cassa Hotel & Residences
* The Chatwal New York
* Club Quarters, Midtown
* Crowne Plaza Times Square Manhattan
* Four Seasons Hotel New York
* Hard Rock Hotel New York
* Hotel Edison
* Hotel Elysée
* Hotel Gerard
* Hyatt Grand Central New York
* InterContinental New York Barclay Hotel
* JW Marriott Essex House
* The Iroquois New York
* Lexington Hotel
* Lombardy Hotel
* Lotte New York Palace Hotel
* Luxor Hotel
* Mansfield Hotel
* The Michelangelo
* Millennium Times Square New York
* New York Hilton Midtown
* New York Marriott Marquis
* Paramount Hotel
* Park Central Hotel
* Park Lane Hotel
* The Peninsula New York
* Plaza Hotel
* The Quin
* The Ritz-Carlton New York, Central Park
* Roger Smith Hotel
* Row NYC Hotel
* Royalton Hotel
* St. Regis New York
* Sheraton New York Times Square Hotel
* Sofitel New York Hotel
* Thompson Central Park New York Hotel
* Waldorf Astoria New York
* Warwick New York Hotel

|

Former|

* DoubleTree by Hilton Hotel Metropolitan New York City
* Hotel Carter
* Hotel Claridge
* Hotel Manhattan
* Hotel Metropole
* New York Biltmore Hotel
* New York Marriott East Side
* Omni Berkshire Place
* Pabst Hotel
* Ritz-Carlton Hotel
* Roosevelt Hotel
* Savoy-Plaza Hotel
* Times Square Hotel
* Weylin Hotel
* Windsor Hotel

Other points of interest

| Restaurants/
nightlife|

* 21 Club
* 54 Below
* Alto
* Anthos
* Aureole
* Burger Heaven
* Le Bernardin
* Cafe Chambord
* Campbell Apartment
* La Caravelle
* Caviar Russe
* Del Pezzo Restaurant
* Ellen's Stardust Diner
* Four Twenty Five
* Gabriel Kreuther
* Gallagher's Steakhouse
* Grand Central Oyster Bar & Restaurant
* La Grenouille
* Iridium Jazz Club
* Le Jardinier
* King Cole Bar
* Kurumazushi
* Latin Quarter
* Lespinasse
* Marea
* Naro
* The Pool and the Grill
* Oceana
* The Original Soupman
* P. J. Clarke's
* Patsy's
* Le Pavillon
* Prime Burger
* The Quilted Giraffe
* Rainbow Room
* Restaurant Aquavit
* Rumpelmayer's
* Russian Tea Room
* Sardi's
* Satsuki
* Shun Lee Palace
* Stage Deli
* The Campbell

|

Museums/
cultural centers|

* Austrian Cultural Forum New York
* Girl Scout Museum and Archives
* John M. Mossman Lock Museum
* Korean Cultural Center New York
* Madame Tussauds New York
* Museum of Arts and Design
* Museum of Broadway
* Museum of Modern Art
* New York Transit Museum
* Paley Center for Media
* Rose Museum
* Spyscape

Stores|

* Argosy Book Store
* Gotham Book Mart

Clubhouses|

* American Fine Arts Society
* The Brook
* Century Association
* Cornell Club of New York
* General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen of the City of New York
* Harvard Club of New York City
* New York Athletic Club
* New York City Bar Association
* New York Friars Club
* New York Yacht Club
* Penn Club of New York
* Racquet and Tennis Club
* University Club of New York
* Women's National Republican Club
* Yale Club of New York City

Clubhouses (former)|

* Princeton Club of New York

Green spaces|

* Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden
* Central Park
* Grand Army Plaza
* Greenacre Park
* Paley Park

Educational
institutions|

* 53rd Street Library
* Circle in the Square Theatre School
* CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies
* High School of Performing Arts
* Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for International Careers
* Saint Thomas Choir School
* SUNY College of Optometry

Art galleries|

* Galerie St. Etienne
* Rehs Galleries

Transportation

| Subway stations|

* Fifth Avenue/53rd Street
* Fifth Avenue–59th Street
* Seventh Avenue
* 42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue
* 42nd Street–Port Authority Bus Terminal
* 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center
* 49th Street
* 50th Street
* 50th Street
* 57th Street–Seventh Avenue
* 57th Street
* 59th Street–Columbus Circle
* Grand Central–42nd Street
* Lexington Avenue/51st Street
* Lexington Avenue/59th Street
* Times Square–42nd Street

|

Railroad stations|

* Grand Central Madison
* Grand Central Terminal

Streets and
intersections|

* Third Avenue
* Fifth Avenue
* Sixth Avenue
* Six and a Half Avenue
* Seventh Avenue
* Eighth Avenue
* 42nd
* 47th
* 50th
* 51st
* 52nd
* 53rd
* 54th
* 55th
* 57th
* 59th
* Broadway
* Columbus Circle
* Duffy Square
* Grand Army Plaza
* George Abbott Way
* Lexington Avenue
* Madison Avenue
* Park Avenue
* Park Avenue Viaduct
* Pershing Square
* Shubert Alley
* Times Square
* Vanderbilt Avenue

Related topics

* Billionaires' Row
* Little Brazil
* Midtown South
* Minnesota Strip

See also: Manhattan Community Board 5

* v
* t
* e

Rockefeller Center

Buildings|

| Original complex|

* 30 Rockefeller Plaza
* Rainbow Room
* Studio 8H
* 1250 Avenue of the Americas
* 1270 Avenue of the Americas
* Radio City Music Hall
* Simon & Schuster Building
* Center Theatre
* British Empire Building
* International Building
* International Building North
* La Maison Francaise
* Palazzo d'Italia
* 600 Fifth Avenue
* 1 Rockefeller Plaza
* 10 Rockefeller Plaza
* 50 Rockefeller Plaza

|

Later buildings|

* 75 Rockefeller Plaza
* 1211 Avenue of the Americas
* 1221 Avenue of the Americas
* 1251 Avenue of the Americas
* 1271 Avenue of the Americas

History|

* Elgin Botanic Garden
* Construction

Art|

* Atlas
* Lunch atop a Skyscraper
* Man at the Crossroads
* Prometheus

Other structures|

* 608 Fifth Avenue
* Christmas tree
* Nintendo New York
* NBC Studios
* Rockefeller Plaza
* St. Nicholas Church
* Subway station

Notable figures|

* Raymond Hood
* Wallace Harrison
* Ivy Lee
* Rockefeller family
* John D. Rockefeller
* John D. Rockefeller Jr.
* Nelson Rockefeller

Owners|

* Beacon Capital Partners
* Rockefeller Group
* Tishman Speyer

Books|

* Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center

* v
* t
* e

Structures on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan

Below 34th Street

* 1
* 47 (Salmagundi Club)
* 110 (Judge)
* 153 (Scribner)
* 159–161
* 170 (Sohmer Piano)
* 173 (Flatiron)
* 200 (Toy Center)
* 255 (Grand Madison)
* 272 (Marble Collegiate Church)
* 276 (Holland House)
* 277
* 284 (The Wilbraham)
* 339 (Demarest)
* 350 (Empire State)

34th–59th Streets

* 355 (B. Altman and Company)
* 390 (Gorham)
* 390 (Russeks)
* 400 (The Langham, New York)
* 401 (Tiffany and Company)
* 404 (Stewart & Company)
* 424 (Lord & Taylor)
* 425
* 452 (HSBC)
* 453 (Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library)
* 461
* 476 (New York Public Library)
* 500
* 510 (Manufacturers Trust Company)
* 520
* 551 (Fred F. French)
* 556 (Philippine Center)
* 597 (Charles Scribner's Sons)
* 608 (Goelet/Swiss Center)
* 617–623 (Saks Fifth Avenue/Swiss Bank Tower)
* St. Patrick's Cathedral
* Rockefeller Center
* British Empire Building
* La Maison Francaise
* International Building
* 641 (Olympic Tower)
* 647
* 650
* 653 (Cartier)
* 660
* Saint Thomas Church
* University Club of New York
* 689 (Aeolian)
* 693 (St. Regis)
* 696 (The Peninsula)
* Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church
* 712
* 714 (Coty)
* 721 (Trump Tower)
* 727 (Tiffany & Co.)
* 730 (Crown)
* 754 (Bergdorf Goodman Bldg)
* 767 (General Motors)
* Apple Fifth Avenue
* 768 (Plaza Hotel)

59th–96th Streets

* 781 (The Sherry-Netherland)
* 785 (Park Cinq)
* Metropolitan Club
* The Pierre
* Knickerbocker Club
* 810
* 820
* 825
* Edward J. Berwind House
* Temple Emanu-El of New York
* 834
* Mrs. William B. Astor House
* 880
* Henry Clay Frick House
* Frick Collection
* 907
* 927
* 930
* Edward S. Harkness House
* 960
* James B. Duke House
* 972 (Payne Whitney House)
* 974 (Harry F. Sinclair House)
* 995
* 998
* 1000 (Metropolitan Museum of Art)
* 1009 (Benjamin N. Duke House)
* 1020
* 1040
* 1048
* Neue Galerie New York
* 1049
* 1067
* 1071 (Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum)
* 1085 (Church of the Heavenly Rest)
* Andrew Carnegie Mansion
* Cooper Hewitt
* Otto H. Kahn House
* 1109 (Felix M. Warburg House)
* Jewish Museum
* 1130 (Willard D. Straight House)

Above 96th Street

* Mount Sinai Hospital
* 1220 (Museum of the City of New York)
* 1230 (El Museo del Barrio)
* 1280 (The Africa Center)
* 2067 (St. Andrew's Episcopal Church)
* 2366 (369th Regiment Armory)

Parks and park features

* Bryant Park
* Central Park
* Arsenal
* Central Park Zoo
* Conservatory Garden
* Harlem Meer
* Grand Army Plaza
* William Tecumseh Sherman
* Pulitzer Fountain
* Madison Square Park
* Marcus Garvey Park
* Harlem Fire Watchtower
* Washington Square Park
* Arch

Subway stations

* 42nd Street–Bryant Park/Fifth Avenue
* Fifth Avenue/53rd Street
* Fifth Avenue–59th Street

Former

* 200 (Fifth Avenue Hotel)
* Hotel Victoria
* Fifth Avenue Hotel (28th Street)
* Caspar Samler farm
* 316 (Kaskel and Kaskel)
* 350 (Waldorf–Astoria)
* 391 (Gunther)
* West Presbyterian Church
* Temple Emanu-El
* Vanderbilt Triple Palace
* William K. Vanderbilt House
* 767 (Savoy-Plaza Hotel)
* Elbridge T. Gerry Mansion
* 840 (Mrs. William B. Astor House)
* 857 (Jay Gould House)
* 857 (George J. Gould House)
* 858 (Isaac Stern House)
* 871 (William C. Whitney House)
* Ogden Mills House
* Lenox Library
* 962 (William A. Clark House)
* 1020 (William Salomon House)
* 1058 (James Speyer House)
* 1063 (Henry Phipps House)
* 1115 (Jacob Ruppert Sr. House)
* 2122 (Jordan L. Mott House)
* Temple Beth-El

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