Burlington, Ontario

City in Halton Region, Ontario, Canada

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|

City in Ontario, Canada

Burlington

City (lower-tier)

City of Burlington

Aerial view of Burlington town centre in 2024

Logo

Motto:

Stand By

Burlington

Coordinates: 43°22′12″N 79°48′51″W﻿ / ﻿43.37000°N 79.81417°W﻿ / 43.37000; -79.81417[1]
Country| Canada
Province| Ontario
Region| Halton
Established| 1874
City status| 1974
Government

• Mayor| Marianne Meed Ward
• Governing Body| Burlington City Council
• MPs| Karina Gould (Lib), Adam van Koeverden (Lib)
• MPPs| Natalie Pierre (PC), Zee Hamid (PC), Effie Triantafilopoulos (PC)
Area

[2]

• Total

| 186.12 km2 (71.86 sq mi)
Elevation

| 74 m (243 ft)
Population

(2021)[2]

• Total

| 186,948 (Ranked 28th)
• Density| 1,004.4/km2 (2,601/sq mi)
Demonym(s)| Burlingtonian, Burlingtonite
Time zone| UTC−05:00 (EST)
• Summer (DST)| UTC−04:00 (EDT)
Forward sortation area|

L7L to L7T

Area code(s)| 905, 289, 365, and 742
Highways|  Queen Elizabeth Way
Highway 403
Highway 407
Former Highway 2 Former Highway 5
Website| www.burlington.ca
Brant Street in Downtown Burlington (2009)

Burlington, officially the City of Burlington, is a city and lower-tier municipality in Halton Region at the west end of Lake Ontario in Ontario, Canada. Burlington is part of the Greater Toronto Area, the Hamilton census metropolitan area, and the Golden Horseshoe urban region.

## History

[edit]

The Brant Hotel in 1902. Located on the shore of Lake Ontario in Burlington, the hotel was erected on the former homestead of Joseph Brant, and was the largest resort in Canada. The hotel was expropriated and used as a military hospital in 1917, demolished and rebuilt in the 1930s, and then demolished in 1964.[3]

Before the 19th century, the area between the provincial capital of York and the township of West Flamborough was home to the Mississauga nation. In 1792, John Graves Simcoe, the first lieutenant governor of Upper Canada, named the western end of Lake Ontario "Burlington Bay" after the town of Bridlington in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.[4]

The British purchased the land on which Burlington now stands from the Mississaugas in Upper Canada Treaties 3 (1792), 8 (1797), 14 (1806), and 19 (1818). Treaty 8 concerned the purchase of the Brant Tract, 14.0 km2 (3,450 acres) on Burlington Bay which the British granted to Mohawk chief Joseph Brant for his service in the American Revolutionary War.[5][6] Joseph Brant and his household settled on this tract of land around 1802.[7] Brant is accordingly often referred to as the founder of Burlington, and the city of Burlington still celebrates an annual Joseph Brant Day in early August.[8][9] Subsequent disputes between the Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation and the Canadian government over payment for the Brant Tract and the Toronto Purchase were settled in 2010 for the sum of $145 million (CAD).[6][10]

By the turn of the 19th century, the name "Burlington" was already in common use. With the completion of the local survey after the War of 1812, the land was opened for settlement. Early farmers prospered in the Burlington area because the area had fertile soil and moderate temperatures. Produce from the farms was shipped out via the bustling docks of the lakeside villages of Port Nelson and Wellington Square, as well as Brown's Wharf in the nearby village of Port Flamborough (which was to become Aldershot). Lumber taken from the surrounding forests also competed for space on the busy docks. In the latter half of the 19th century, increased wheat production from Western Canada convinced local farmers to switch to fruit and vegetable production.

In 1873, the villages of Wellington Square and Port Nelson merged to become the Village of Burlington which then became the Town of Burlington in 1914.[11] The arrival of large steamships on the Great Lakes made the small docks of the local ports obsolete, and the increased use of railway to ship goods marked the end of the commercial wharves.

Farming still thrived though, and the resultant growth resulted in continued prosperity. By 1906, the town boasted its own newspaper—the Burlington Gazette—as well as a town library and a local rail line that connected Burlington to nearby Hamilton. During the First World War, 300 local men volunteered for duty in the Canadian Expeditionary Force—38 did not return. In 1914, Burlington was incorporated into a town.

As more settlers arrived and cleared the land, cash crops replaced subsistence farming. Gradually, mixed farming and market gardens became the dominant form of agriculture, and in the early 20th century the area was declared the Garden of Canada. The first peaches grown in Canada were cultivated in the Grindstone Creek watershed in the city's south-west part. The farming tradition has passed down through the generations. Today over 40 per cent of the Grindstone Creek watershed is still devoted to farms, orchards and nurseries.[12]

Following the Second World War, cheap electricity from nearby Niagara Falls and better transportation access due to the new (1939) Queen Elizabeth Way encouraged both light industry and families to move to Burlington. The population skyrocketed as new homes were built, encouraging developers to build even more new homes. On 1 January 1958, Burlington officially annexed most of the Township of Nelson, as well as Aldershot, formerly a part of East Flamborough Township. By 1967, the last cash crop farm within the city had been replaced by the Burlington Centre.[13]

Burlington was the site of the Brant Inn built by the lake in 1917, which became famous during the ’40s and ’50s for showing big-band performers.

By 1974, with a population exceeding 100,000, Burlington was incorporated as a city. The extremely high rate of growth continued, and between 2001 and 2006, the population of Burlington grew by 9%, compared to Canada's overall growth rate of 5.4%. By 2006, the population topped 160,000.

## Geography

[edit]

Burlington is at the southwestern end of Lake Ontario, just to the north east of Hamilton and the Niagara Peninsula, roughly in the geographic centre of the urban corridor known as the Golden Horseshoe. Burlington has a land area of 187 km2 (72 sq mi). The main urban area is south of the Parkway Belt and Highway 407. The land north of this, and north Aldershot is used primarily for agriculture, rural residential and conservation purposes. The Niagara Escarpment, Lake Ontario and the sloping plain between the escarpment and the lake make up the land area of Burlington. The city is no longer a port; sailing vessels in the area are used for recreational purposes and moor at a 215 slip marina in LaSalle Park.

Burlington at night

### Climate

[edit]

Burlington's climate is humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfa) with warm to hot, humid summers and cold, sometimes snowy winters. The climate is moderated somewhat by its proximity to Lake Ontario. Monthly mean temperatures range from 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) in July to −4.4 °C (24.1 °F) in January. The average annual precipitation is 763 mm (30.0 in) of rain and 99 cm (39 in) of snow.

Although it shares the continental climate found in Southern Ontario, its proximity to the lake moderates winter temperatures and it also benefits from a sheltering effect of the Niagara Escarpment, allowing the most northerly tracts of Carolinian forest to thrive on the Escarpment that runs through western sections of city. Several species of flora and fauna usually found only in more southern climes are present in Burlington, including paw-paw (Asimina triloba), green dragon (Arisaema dracontium), tuckahoe (Peltandra virginica), American columbo (Frasera caroliniensis), wall-rue (Asplenium ruta-muraria), plus the Louisiana waterthrush, hooded warbler, southern flying squirrel and rare eastern pipistrelle bat. Near the visible promontory of Mount Nemo that rises some 200 m (650 ft) above the lake level, a "vertical forest" of white cedar clinging to the Escarpment face includes many small trees that are more than one thousand years old.[14]

Hamilton Harbour, the western end of Lake Ontario, is bounded on its western shore by a large sandbar, now called the Beach strip, that was deposited during the last ice age. A canal bisecting the sandbar allows ships access to the harbour. The Burlington Bay James N. Allan Skyway (part of the Queen Elizabeth Way), and the Canal Lift Bridge allow access over the canal.

Climate data for Burlington TS
Climate ID: 6151064; coordinates 43°20′N 79°50′W﻿ / ﻿43.333°N 79.833°W﻿ / 43.333; -79.833﻿ (Burlington TS), elevation: 99.1 m (325 ft); 1981–2010 normals, extremes 1866–present[note 1]

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °C (°F)  | 18.4
(65.1)  | 17.9
(64.2)  | 27.2
(81.0)  | 32.0
(89.6)  | 36.1
(97.0)  | 38.9
(102.0)  | 41.1
(106.0)  | 38.3
(100.9)  | 37.8
(100.0)  | 31.1
(88.0)  | 26.7
(80.1)  | 22.0
(71.6)  | 41.1
(106.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | −0.6
(30.9)  | 0.8
(33.4)  | 5.2
(41.4)  | 12.4
(54.3)  | 19.4
(66.9)  | 25.0
(77.0)  | 28.0
(82.4)  | 26.7
(80.1)  | 21.8
(71.2)  | 15.1
(59.2)  | 8.0
(46.4)  | 2.4
(36.3)  | 13.7
(56.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | −4.4
(24.1)  | −3.2
(26.2)  | 1.0
(33.8)  | 7.5
(45.5)  | 13.9
(57.0)  | 19.4
(66.9)  | 22.5
(72.5)  | 21.4
(70.5)  | 16.9
(62.4)  | 10.4
(50.7)  | 4.4
(39.9)  | −1
(30)  | 9.1
(48.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | −8.1
(17.4)  | −7.1
(19.2)  | −3.3
(26.1)  | 2.6
(36.7)  | 8.3
(46.9)  | 13.8
(56.8)  | 16.9
(62.4)  | 16.1
(61.0)  | 11.9
(53.4)  | 5.7
(42.3)  | 0.7
(33.3)  | −4.3
(24.3)  | 4.4
(39.9)
Record low °C (°F)  | −30.6
(−23.1)  | −29.4
(−20.9)  | −27.2
(−17.0)  | −14.4
(6.1)  | −7.2
(19.0)  | 0.0
(32.0)  | 1.1
(34.0)  | 1.7
(35.1)  | −3.9
(25.0)  | −11.1
(12.0)  | −22.8
(−9.0)  | −27.8
(−18.0)  | −30.6
(−23.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 66.0
(2.60)  | 54.5
(2.15)  | 61.6
(2.43)  | 70.6
(2.78)  | 81.0
(3.19)  | 69.1
(2.72)  | 75.3
(2.96)  | 82.0
(3.23)  | 83.1
(3.27)  | 71.9
(2.83)  | 84.9
(3.34)  | 63.0
(2.48)  | 863.1
(33.98)
Average rainfall mm (inches)  | 31.8
(1.25)  | 33.0
(1.30)  | 44.7
(1.76)  | 68.2
(2.69)  | 81.0
(3.19)  | 69.1
(2.72)  | 75.3
(2.96)  | 82.0
(3.23)  | 83.1
(3.27)  | 71.9
(2.83)  | 79.7
(3.14)  | 43.5
(1.71)  | 763.3
(30.05)
Average snowfall cm (inches)  | 34.2
(13.5)  | 21.5
(8.5)  | 16.9
(6.7)  | 2.4
(0.9)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 0.0
(0.0)  | 5.3
(2.1)  | 19.5
(7.7)  | 99.9
(39.3)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 12.4  | 9.6  | 11.0  | 12.5  | 11.8  | 10.9  | 10.1  | 10.2  | 10.9  | 10.7  | 13.9  | 11.9  | 135.8
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 4.9  | 4.5  | 8.0  | 11.7  | 11.8  | 10.9  | 10.1  | 10.2  | 10.9  | 10.7  | 12.7  | 7.7  | 113.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 8.1  | 6.0  | 3.6  | 0.84  | 0.0  | 0.0  | 0.0  | 0.0  | 0.0  | 0.0  | 1.6  | 5.4  | 25.5
Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada[15][16]

## Demographics

[edit]

BurlingtonYear| Pop.| ±%

|
|

1901| 1,119| —
1911| 1,831| +63.6%
1921| 2,709| +48.0%
1931| 3,046| +12.4%
1941| 3,815| +25.2%
1951| 6,017| +57.7%
1961| 47,008| +681.3%
1971| 87,023| +85.1%
1981| 114,853| +32.0%
1991| 129,575| +12.8%
1996| 136,976| +5.7%
2001| 150,836| +10.1%
2006| 164,415| +9.0%
2011| 175,779| +6.9%
2016| 183,314| +4.3%
2021| 186,948| +2.0%
[17][18][2]

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Burlington had a population of 186,948 living in 73,180 of its 74,891 total private dwellings, a change of 2% from its 2016 population of 183,314. With a land area of 186.12 km2 (71.86 sq mi), it had a population density of 1,004.4/km2 (2,601.5/sq mi) in 2021.[19]

According to the 2016 census, Burlington's population was 183,314 where 48% of residents were male and 52% female. Minors (individuals up to the age of 19) made up 22.6% of the population (almost identical to the national average of 22.4%), and seniors (age 65+) were 19.2% (higher than the national average of 16.9%). This older population was also reflected in Burlington's median age of 43.3, which was higher than the Canadian median of 41.2.[20]

### Religion

[edit]

According to the 2011 census, 70% of Burlington residents identify as Christian, with Catholics (31.5%) making up the largest denomination, followed by Anglican (10%), United Church (9.2%), and other denominations. Others identify as Muslim (2%), Hindu (1.1%), Sikh (1%), Buddhist (0.4%), Jewish (0.4%), and with other religions. A total of 25% of the population report no religious affiliation.[21]

### Language

[edit]

According to the 2016 census, the most common mother tongue in Burlington is English (78.7%), followed by French (1.6%), Spanish (1.5%), Polish (1.3%), and Arabic (1.2). The three most commonly known languages are English (99.1%), French (9%), and Spanish (2.5%).[22]

Mother tongue | Population | %

|
|

English | 142,605  | 78.7
French | 2,970  | 1.6
Spanish | 2,680  | 1.5
Polish | 2,365  | 1.3
Arabic | 2,205  | 1.2
Italian | 1,845  | 1.0
Punjabi | 1,795  | 1.0
German | 1,645  | 0.9
Mandarin | 1,555  | 0.9
Portuguese | 1,545  | 0.9
Tagalog (Filipino) | 1,290  | 0.7
Dutch | 1,080  | 0.6
Knowledge of language | Population | %

|
|

English | 178,540  | 99.1
French | 16,140  | 9.0
Spanish | 4,455  | 2.5
Polish | 2,920  | 1.6
Italian | 2,865  | 1.6
Arabic | 2,750  | 1.5
German | 2,685  | 1.5
Punjabi | 2,565  | 1.4
Hindi | 2,055  | 1.1
Portuguese | 2,040  | 1.1
Mandarin | 1,990  | 1.1
Tagalog (Filipino) | 1,830  | 1.0

### Ethnicity

[edit]

Ethnic origin[23] | Population  | %

|
|

English | 56,130  | 31.2
Canadian | 42,935  | 23.8
Scottish | 40,050  | 22.2
Irish | 37,160  | 20.6
German | 18,645  | 10.4
French | 16,585  | 9.2
Italian | 14,235  | 7.9
Polish | 10,475  | 5.8
Dutch | 9,115  | 5.1
Ukrainian | 8,160  | 4.5
East Indian | 7,245  | 4.0

The 2016 census records a visible minority of 16%.[24]

The top 11 ethnic origins from the 2016 census are listed in the accompanying table. Percentages add up to more than 100% because respondents can report more than one ethnicity.

Panethnic groups in the City of Burlington (2001−2021)  Panethnic
group  | 2021[25] | 2016[18] | 2011[26] | 2006[27] | 2001[28]

|
|
|
|
|

Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | %
European[a] | 143,180  | 77.83%  | 149,320  | 82.9%  | 151,195  | 87.15%  | 145,720  | 89.68%  | 137,575  | 91.88%
South Asian | 11,955  | 6.5%  | 8,695  | 4.83%  | 6,325  | 3.65%  | 5,030  | 3.1%  | 3,235  | 2.16%
East Asian[b] | 6,295  | 3.42%  | 5,160  | 2.86%  | 4,175  | 2.41%  | 3,280  | 2.02%  | 2,335  | 1.56%
Middle Eastern[c] | 5,510  | 3%  | 3,495  | 1.94%  | 2,385  | 1.37%  | 1,555  | 0.96%  | 1,075  | 0.72%
African | 4,670  | 2.54%  | 3,795  | 2.11%  | 2,830  | 1.63%  | 2,450  | 1.51%  | 2,305  | 1.54%
Southeast Asian[d] | 4,075  | 2.22%  | 3,520  | 1.95%  | 2,270  | 1.31%  | 1,550  | 0.95%  | 890  | 0.59%
Latin American | 3,205  | 1.74%  | 2,325  | 1.29%  | 1,660  | 0.96%  | 1,135  | 0.7%  | 665  | 0.44%
Indigenous | 2,385  | 1.3%  | 1,970  | 1.09%  | 1,510  | 0.87%  | 1,070  | 0.66%  | 905  | 0.6%
Other/Multiracial[e] | 2,680  | 1.46%  | 1,835  | 1.02%  | 1,135  | 0.65%  | 685  | 0.42%  | 755  | 0.5%
Total responses  | 183,955  | 98.4%  | 180,125  | 98.26%  | 173,490  | 98.7%  | 162,480  | 98.82%  | 149,735  | 99.27%
Total population  | 186,948  | 100%  | 183,314  | 100%  | 175,779  | 100%  | 164,415  | 100%  | 150,836  | 100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

## Economy

[edit]

Burlington's economic strength is the diversity of its economic base, mainly achieved because of its geography, proximity to large industries in southern Ontario (Canada's largest consumer market), its location within the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) and proximity to Hamilton, and its transportation infrastructure including the Port of Hamilton on Burlington Bay. This diversity has allowed for sustained growth with regards to the economy.[29] The city has a robust economy with potential for growth—it is at the hub of the Golden Horseshoe, is largely driven by both the automotive and manufacturing sectors.

No single employer or job sector dominates Burlington's economy. The leading industrial sectors, in terms of employment, are food processing, packaging, electronics, motor vehicle/transportation, business services, chemical/pharmaceutical and environmental. The top five private sector employers in Burlington are Fearmans Pork Inc, Cogeco Cable, Evertz Microsystems, Boehringer Ingelheim and EMC2. Other notable business include The EBF Group, ARGO Land Development, The Sunshine Doughnut Company and TipTapPay Micropayments Ltd.[30][31][32] The largest public sector employers in the city are the City of Burlington, Burlington Economic Development, the Halton District School Board, the Halton Catholic District School Board and Joseph Brant Hospital.

Burlington Centre and Mapleview Centre are popular malls within the city. The city's summer festivals include Canada's Largest Ribfest, and the Burlington Sound of Music Festival which also attract many visitors.[citation needed]

## Arts and culture

[edit]

### Organizations

[edit]

The Burlington Teen Tour Band has operated in the city since 1947, including members between the ages of 13 and 21. The marching band are regular participants in major international parades. They are also referred to as "Canada's Musical Ambassadors" and have represented Canada all over the world.[33] One such occasion was during the 2018 Tournament of Roses Parade, where the band represented Canada for the fifth time in the band's history.[34] The band is led by Rob Bennett, managing director.[35] In 2024, the band performed on Juno Beach on the 80th anniversary of D-Day.[36]

The Junior Redcoats are the younger version of the Teen Tour Band. The band includes children between the ages of 9 and 12. They are directed by Caroline Singh.[37]

The Burlington Concert Band (BCB) is the oldest band in Burlington and has been in operation since 1908. It is composed of local volunteer musicians, and plays a wide variety of musical styles and repertoire. The band's main goal is to raise money for local charities and organizations. The BCB maintains an open membership policy, allowing anyone who feels they can handle the music competently to join without an audition. The BCB is led by an elected volunteer board.[38] The current musical director is Joanne Romanow.[39]

The Burlington Symphony Orchestra, formed in 1973, is a community orchestra under the direction of Denis Mastromonaco.[40]

## Attractions

[edit]

Spencer Smith Park on Burlington's waterfront

There are 115 parks and 580 hectares (1,400 acres) of parkland in the city. On the shore of Lake Ontario, Spencer Smith Park features a shoreline walking path, an observatory, water jet play area and restaurant. The park includes the Burlington Rotary Centennial Pond, used for model sail boating and ice-skating. Festivals in Spencer Smith Park include Ribfest, the Sound of Music Festival, Canada Day, Children's Festival and Lakeside Festival of Lights.

The Brant Street Pier opened in Spencer Smith Park during the Sound of Music Festival in 2013.[41]

"Royal Canadian Naval Association Naval Memorial" (1995) by André Gauthier, Spencer Smith Park

The Art Gallery of Burlington contains permanent and temporary exhibits.[42]

Royal Botanical Gardens

"Royal Canadian Naval Association Naval Memorial" (1995), by André Gauthier, is a 1.93 m (6 ft 4 in) high cast bronze statue of a World War II Canadian sailor in Spencer Smith Park.[43]

The Royal Botanical Gardens in Burlington is the largest botanical garden in Canada. Ontario's botanical garden and National Historic Site of Canada features over 11 km2 (2,700 acres) of gardens and nature sanctuaries, including four outdoor display gardens, the Mediterranean Garden under glass, three on-site restaurants, the Gardens' Gift Shop, and festivals.

An LCBO outlet housed in a former firehall at The Village Square

Located at The Village Square in Burlington's downtown are historic landmarks, businesses, shopping, and dining area.[44]

Mount Nemo Conservation Area is operated by Conservation Halton. Bronte Creek Provincial Park features a campground and recreational activities.

The local sections of the Bruce Trail and the Niagara Escarpment, which is a UNESCO designated World Biosphere Reserve, provide hiking trails. Kerncliff Park, in a decommissioned quarry on the boundary with Waterdown, is a naturalized area on the lip of the Niagara Escarpment. The Bruce Trail runs through the park, at many points running along the edge of the cliffs, providing an overlook.

The Joseph Brant Museum has exhibits on the history of Burlington, the Eileen Collard Costume Collection, Captain Joseph Brant and the visible storage gallery. Ireland House at Oakridge Farm is a museum depicting family life from the 1850s to the 1920s. Freeman Railway Station (1906) of the Grand Trunk Railway, reopened as an interpretive centre in 2017.[citation needed]

Burlington offers four indoor and two outdoor pools, one splash park, nine splash pads, seven arenas and ice centres, six community centres and nine golf courses.[45] The Appleby Ice Centre is a 4-pad arena, used year-round for skating and ice hockey.[46]

The Burlington Performing Arts Centre is a 940-seat facility opened in 2011.[47]

### Malls and shopping

[edit]

Main article: List of shopping malls in Canada § Ontario

Burlington Mall (Now Burlington Centre)

Burlington Centre is a two-storey mall opened in 1968, and Mapleview Centre is a two-storey mall opened in 1990.[citation needed]

## Sports

[edit]

Burlington doesn't host any professional teams, though several minor league teams are based in the city.

Club  | Sport  | League / Association  | Venue

|
|
|

Burlington Cougars | Ice hockey | Ontario Junior Hockey League | Appleby Ice Centre
Burlington Chiefs | Box lacrosse | Ontario Junior A Lacrosse League | Central Arena
Burlington Jr. Barracudas  | Ice hockey | Provincial Women's Hockey League | Mainway Ice Centre
Halton United | Soccer | Canadian Soccer League | Norton Park
Burlington SC | Soccer | League1 Ontario |
Burlington Eagles  | Ice hockey | Ontario Minor Hockey Association
Burlington Bayhawks | Soccer | League1 Ontario |
NEXXICE | Synchronized skating | Burlington Skating Club, Kitchener Waterloo Skating Club
Burlington Track and Field Club  | Track and Field | Minor Track Association of Ontario, Athletics Ontario  | La Salle Park (fall), Tansley Woods Community Centre (winter), Nelson High School (spring and summer)

### International competition

[edit]

Burlington, Ontario, founded the Burlington International Games (B.I.G.). The games were first held in 1969 "to offer an athletic and cultural exchange experience for the youth of Burlington".[citation needed] Until recently,[when?] the games took place between Burlington, Ontario, and Burlington, Vermont, United States. But, other cities from places such as Quebec, Japan, the Netherlands, and the U.S. have all had athletes compete since 1998.[48] The games celebrated their 40th anniversary in 2009 and the competition ceased in 2010 due to limited participation in later years.[citation needed]

## Government

[edit]

City Hall, on Brant Street Burlington's six municipal wards

### Local government

[edit]

The city is divided into six wards, each represented by a city councillor. The mayor, who chairs the city council, is Marianne Meed Ward.

#### Council elected for 2018–2022 and entirely re-elected for 2022–2026

[edit]

* Mayor: Marianne Meed Ward
* Ward 1: Kelvin Galbraith
* Ward 2: Lisa Kearns
* Ward 3: Rory Nisan
* Ward 4: Shawna Stolte
* Ward 5: Paul Sharman
* Ward 6: Angelo Bentivegna

Source:[49]

### Federal

[edit]

Burlington federal election results[50] Year  | Liberal | Conservative | New Democratic | Green

|
|
|
|

| 2021 | 45% | 45,058 | 38%  | 37,877 | 11%  | 10,721 | 2%  | 1,820
2019 | 48% | 50,253 | 35%  | 36,621 | 10%  | 10,324 | 6%  | 6,350
Burlington provincial election results[51] Year  | PC | New Democratic | Liberal | Green

|
|
|
|

| 2022 | 44% | 33,239 | 16%  | 11,700 | 31%  | 23,227 | 6%  | 4,566
2018 | 42% | 38,124 | 28%  | 24,839 | 24%  | 21,517 | 4%  | 3,952

Federally, the city is represented by three MPs whose ridings cover parts of the city:

* Burlington (covers most of the city): Karina Gould, Member of Parliament (Liberal)
* Milton (the mainly rural countryside north of Highway 407): Adam van Koeverden (Liberal)
* Oakville North-Burlington (the area bounded by Highway 407 to the north, Upper Middle Road to the south, Guelph Line to the west and 9th Line, Oakville to the east): Pam Damoff (Liberal)

### Provincial

[edit]

Provincially, the city is represented by three MPPs, whose ridings are geographically contiguous with their federal counterparts:

* Burlington: Natalie Pierre (Progressive Conservative)
* Milton: Zee Hamid (Progressive Conservative)[52]
* Oakville North-Burlington: Effie Triantafilopoulos (Progressive Conservative)

## Infrastructure

[edit]

### Transportation

[edit]

#### Highways

[edit]

Major transportation corridors through the city include:

* Queen Elizabeth Way
* Highway 403
* 407 ETR
* Highway 6
* Boundary with City of Hamilton

The Queen Elizabeth Way and Ontario Highway 403 run concurrently throughout most of Burlington.

#### North-South Arterial Roads

[edit]

Source:[53]

* Burloak Drive
* Signed as a standard road south/east of Wyecroft Road & Harvester Road.
* Northern/Western end continues as  Upper Middle Road.
* Boundary with Town of Oakville
* Tremaine Road
* Boundary with Town of Oakville south of Burnhamthorpe Road West & Number 1 Side Road
* Appleby Line
* Signed as a standard road south/east of Fairview Street
* Walkers Line
* Guelph Line
* Signed as a standard road south/east of Fairview Street
* Brant Street
* Signed as a standard road south/east of Fairview Street
* Waterdown Road

#### East-West Arterial Roads

[edit]

Source:[53]

* Lakeshore Road
* Splits from North Shore Boulevard East at Maple Avenue intersection.
* New Street
* Fairview Street
* Continues west of QEW Niagara off-ramp as Plains Road East
* Continues west of Waterdown Road & Lasalle Park Road as Plains Road West
* Harvester Road
* Mainway
* Upper Middle Road
* Northern/Eastern end continues as  Burloak Drive.
* Signed as a standard road west of  Guelph Line
* Dundas Street (former Highway 5)
* Britannia Road
* Derry Road
* Boundary with Town of Milton

#### Public Transit

[edit]

Burlington Transit bus

Burlington Transit, the public transport provider in the city, provides bus service on a transportation grid centred on three commuter GO Train stations: Appleby, Burlington and Aldershot.

Commuter rail service is provided by GO Transit at the Appleby GO Station, Burlington GO Station and the Aldershot GO station. Intercity rail service is provided by Via Rail at Aldershot, which also serves Hamilton. Rail cargo transportation is provided by both Canadian National Railway and Canadian Pacific.

Burlington Airpark in the city's north end is a thriving general-aviation without regular commercial passenger flight service. Some charter operations are provided.

On 26 February 2012, a Via Rail train traveling from Niagara Falls to Toronto Union Station derailed in Burlington, with three fatalities.[54]

### Emergency services

[edit]

Halton Regional Police Services car

Halton Regional Police Service provides law enforcement.[55]

The Burlington Fire Department offers emergency services from eight fire stations.[56] The services is made up of both career and volunteer fire fighters.[56]

Paramedic services are provided by Halton Region Paramedic Services.[57]

Joseph Brant Memorial Hospital is located in downtown Burlington.

## Education

[edit]

Burlington's public elementary and secondary schools are part of the Halton District School Board. Burlington's Catholic elementary and secondary schools are part of the Halton Catholic District School Board. French public elementary and secondary schools are part of the Conseil scolaire Viamonde and French catholic elementary and secondary schools are part of the Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir. Several private schools are also available in the city.

M. M. Robinson High School Nelson High School

### Elementary schools

[edit]

There are 29 public elementary schools and 14 Roman Catholic elementary schools in Burlington.

### High schools

[edit]

There are six public high schools and three Catholic high schools in the area.

#### Public

[edit]

* Aldershot School (1964) Sports Team: Lions
* Burlington Central High School (1922) Sports Team: Trojans
* Frank J. Hayden Secondary School (2013) Sports Team: Huskies
* Gary Allan High School Burlington Campus – Adult Learners School
* M. M. Robinson High School (1963) Sports Team: Rams
* Nelson High School (1957) Sports Team: Lords

#### Catholic

[edit]

* Assumption Secondary School (1977) Sports Team: Crusaders
* Corpus Christi Catholic Secondary School (2008) Sports Team: Longhorns
* Notre Dame Secondary School (1989) Sports Team: Fighting Irish

### Colleges and Universities

[edit]

* Australian university Charles Sturt University had a study centre in Burlington that offered programs in Master of International Education, Bachelor of Early Childhood Studies and Master of Business Administration. Operation of the campus ceased in July 2015.[58]

* Mohawk College announced its intention to expand into Burlington, growing from its current satellite campus that offers training to become a personal support worker, practical nurse, occupational therapy assistant, and physiotherapy assistant.[59] The expansion will be implemented over several years.

## Media

[edit]

### Online media

[edit]

BurlingtonToday.com is an online local news source in Burlington, offering the latest breaking news, weather updates, entertainment, sports and business features, obituaries and more.

### Print media

[edit]

Several publications are either published in or around Burlington, or have Burlington as one of their main subjects, including Burlington Post and View Magazine. Burlington Post is no longer in circulation.[citation needed]

### Radio

[edit]

Burlington is part of the Hamilton radio market. One radio station, FM 107.9 CJXY, is licensed to Burlington and another, FM 94.7 CHKX, to "Hamilton/Burlington." Both presently broadcast from studios in Hamilton. Burlington listeners are also served by stations licensed to Toronto, St. Catharines, Niagara Falls and Buffalo, New York.

### Television stations

[edit]

Burlington is primarily served by media based in Toronto (other than those noted below), as it is geographically in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA).

* YourTV from the studio in the Cogeco Cable Headquarters at Harvester Road & Burloak Drive.
* Yes TV is based in Burlington with studios on the North Service Road near the junction of the QEW, 403 and 407.

## Notable people

[edit]

### Visual art and writing

[edit]

* Robert Bateman (born 1930), painter.
* Nicole Dorsey, film director and screenwriter
* Margaret Lindsay Holton (born 1955), artist, author, and designer.
* Donato Mancini, poet
* Sylvia McNicoll (born 1954), author of over twenty novels for children and young adults
* John Lawrence Reynolds (born 1939), author, winner of two Arthur Ellis Awards
* Kelly Richardson (born 1972), artist, born in Burlington.

### Music

[edit]

* James Anthony (born 1955), USA Hall of Fame Blues Guitarist.
* Boys Night Out – rock band.
* The Creepshow, psychobilly band
* Jeff Danna (born 1964), film music composer.
* Dead and Divine – metal / hardcore band
* Finger Eleven – alternative rock band; all attended Lester B. Pearson High School
* Grade – rock band
* Sarah Harmer (born 1970), singer and songwriter; attended Lester B. Pearson High School
* Jordan Hastings (born 1982), Alexisonfire, drummer
* Idle Sons – rock band; attended Lester B. Pearson, Aldershot and M.M. Robinson High Schools
* Jersey (1995–2005), ska punk band
* Melissa McClelland (born 1979), singer and songwriter.
* Devraj Patnaik (born 1975), music composer, odissi dancer and choreographer
* Saint Alvia, punk rock band
* Silverstein – post-hardcore band
* Spoons – 1980s new wave band
* Tebey (born 1983), country music artist, attended Assumption Secondary School
* Walk Off the Earth, alternative rock band
* Adrianne Pieczonka (born 1963), operatic soprano singer

### Sports

[edit]

* Caleb Agada (born 1994), Nigerian-Canadian basketball player in the Israeli Premier League and for the Nigerian national basketball team
* Josh Anderson (born 1994), NHL player, Montreal Canadiens, born in Burlington
* Steve Bauer (born 1959), road bicycle racer; Olympic Silver Medalist (1984 Los Angeles Games); competed in 11 Tours de France, one of only two Canadians to wear the Yellow jersey; born in St. Catharines but resides in Burlington.
* Ryan Bomben (born 1987), played for the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League, currently is a free agent.
* Melanie Booth (born 1984), soccer player (Canadian Soccer Association, Florida Gators NCAA)
* Cory Conacher (born 1989), NHL player, Buffalo Sabres, New York Islanders, Syracuse Crunch.
* Angela Coughlan (1953–2009), swimmer, winner of a bronze medal at the 1968 Olympic Games; a gold, two silvers and a bronze at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games; a gold and three silvers at the 1971 Pan American Games.
* Adam Creighton (born 1965), retired professional hockey player who played 708 NHL games
* Renata Fast (born 1994), professional ice hockey player and Canadian Olympian
* Tony Gabriel (born 1948), retired CFL tight end with the Ottawa Rough Riders and Hamilton Tiger-Cats. eight-time CFL all-star, league MVP 1978, twice winner of the Grey Cup.
* Frank Hayden, Developed the Special Olympics.
* Graham Hood (born 1972), competitive middle-distance runner, Olympian, Pan Am Games champion; Born in Winnipeg but raised in Burlington. Competed at 1992 Olympics (Barcelona) and 1996 Olympics (Atlanta). Gold medallist, 1500 m, at 1999 Pan Am Games (Winnipeg).
* Russ Jackson, retired CFL quarterback, has lived in Burlington since his retirement from teaching
* Ashley Johnston (born 1992), former professional ice hockey player and captain of the Metropolitan Riveters
* Josh Jooris (born 1990), NHL player, Toronto Marlies, born in Burlington
* Mfiondu Kabengele (born 1997), Canadian professional basketball player for the Los Angeles Clippers
* Becky Kellar-Duke (born 1975), hockey player; four-time Olympic medalist
* Mark Lawrence (born 1972), ice hockey winger and coach
* Jesse Lumsden (born 1982), running back with the Edmonton Eskimos and the Hamilton Tiger Cats of the Canadian Football League and Canadian Olympian in the Men's Two and Four-Man Bobsleigh at the Vancouver 2010 Olympics; attended Nelson High School.
* Jeff Malott (born 1996), NHL player, Los Angeles Kings, born in Burlington, raised in Waterdown.
* David Matsos (born 1973), former AHL hockey player; current assistant coach of the Windsor Spitfires
* Trevor Meier (born 1973), former Swiss Nationalliga 'A' Hockey Player, various clubs 1993–2012; born in Oakville, raised in Burlington, and resides in Switzerland.
* Andy O'Brien (born 1979), Irish soccer player, Star Striker of the 2004–2005 UCD Super League Champions, Surprise X Saint Germain.
* Mark Oldershaw (born 1983), Canadian sprint canoeist who competed at the 2008 Olympics (Beijing) and won a bronze medal in C-1 1000 m at the 2012 Olympics (London)
* Dave Ridgway (born 1959), placekicker, Saskatchewan Roughriders CFL 1982–1996. Attended M.M. Robinson High School. Inducted into Canadian Football Hall of Fame in 2003. Played NCAA football for the University of Toledo Rockets 1977–1980.
* Melville Marks Robinson (1888–1974), founder of the Commonwealth Games.
* Chris Schultz (1960–2021), offensive tackle with the NFL Dallas Cowboys and CFL Toronto Argonauts, and sportscaster for TSN; attended Aldershot High School
* Ron Sedlbauer (born 1954), former NHL player from 1974 to 1981.
* Simisola Shittu (born 1999), British-born Canadian basketball player for Ironi Ness Ziona of the Israeli Basketball Premier League[60]
* Jordan Szwarz (born 1991), ice hockey player for the Belleville Senators of the AHL.
* Chad Wiseman (born 1981), AHL player, Albany Devils, born in Burlington
* Shane Wright (born 2004), NHL and AHL player, captain of Team Canada at the 2023 World Juniors, born and raised in Burlington.
* Melanie Mackay (born 1954), Olympian swimmer (1976, Montreal).

### TV, film, and stage

[edit]

* Jillian Barberie (born 1966), actress and television hostess, attended Assumption Secondary School
* Lally Cadeau (born 1948), actor, played Janet King on Road to Avonlea
* Carlos Bustamante – YTV The Zone host and Entertainment Tonight Canada reporter, attended Notre Dame Catholic Secondary School
* Jim Carrey (born 1962), comedian and actor
* Nicole Dorsey, screenwriter and director
* Ryan Gosling (born 1980), actor
* Torri Higginson (born 1969), actress
* Myles Erlick (born 1998), actor and dancer
* Ellora Patnaik (born 1968), actor and odissi dancer
* Gordie Tapp (1922–2016) comedian and country & western musician, (Grand Ole Opry and Hee Haw), resided in Burlington
* Michael Bradshaw (1933–2001) actor, resided in Burlington
* Katherine Barrell, (born 1990), actress, writer, producer and director currently best known for portraying Officer Nicole Haught in Wynonna Earp

### Crime

[edit]

* Leslie Mahaffy (July 5, 1976 – June 16, 1991) was a resident of Burlington and a victim of serial killers and rapists Paul Bernardo and Karla Homolka.

## Twin cities

[edit]

Burlington has twin-city relationships with the following cities:[61]

* Apeldoorn, Gelderland, Netherlands (May 6, 2005)[62]
* Both cities have a park or garden named after each other. Burlington is home to Apeldoorn Park while Apeldoorn is home to Burlington Garden.
* Itabashi, Japan (May, 1989)[63]
* Itabashi Way, Itabashi Garden (opened July 1, 2019) and Itabashi Bridge (gifted June 1997) are all named after the city. Itabashi Bridge was donated to the City of Burlington by Itabashi as gratitude for the city's naming of Itabashi Way. In 2020, Itabashi Garden won the Parks and Recreation Ontario's Award of Excellence for Recreational Facility (non-aquatic) or Park Design.

Past twin-city relationships:[citation needed]

* Burlington, Iowa, United States[citation needed]
* Burlington, Vermont, United States (through the Burlington International Games (BIG)[64]
* Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, United States[65]

## See also

[edit]

* Burlington City Council
* Burlington Executive Aerodrome

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Long term records have been recorded at various climate stations in or nearby Burlington since 1866

1. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
2. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
3. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
4. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
5. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Burlington". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
2. ^ a b c "Census Profile, 2021 Census: Burlington, City". Statistics Canada. 15 November 2023. Retrieved 18 March 2025.
3. ^ "Arts & Entertainment" (PDF). Building Stories. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
4. ^ Rayburn, Alan (1997). Place Names of Ontario. Toronto-Buffalo-London: University of Toronto Press. p. 48\. ISBN 0-8020-7207-0.
5. ^ "Map of Ontario treaties and reserves". Government of Ontario. 22 February 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
6. ^ a b Duric, Donna (28 May 2017). "The Brant Tract Treaty, No. 8 (1797)". Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
7. ^ "Joseph Brant; The Dictionary of Canadian Biography". Retrieved 15 September 2021.
8. ^ "Burlington; The Canadian Encyclopedia". Retrieved 15 September 2021.
9. ^ "Joseph Brant Day; Hamilton-Halton-Brant Tourism". Archived from the original on 15 September 2021. Retrieved 15 September 2021.
10. ^ "Ontario band approves $145M land claim settlement". CTV News. 8 June 2010. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
11. ^ "History and Heritage; The City of Burlington". Retrieved 12 August 2022.
12. ^ Halton: Rising, Wild and Beckoning. Conservation Halton. 1998.
13. ^ Reynolds, John Lawrence (June 1993). "Sounds by the Shore: A History of Burlington, Ontario, Canada". City of Burlington. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2008.
14. ^ "Niagara Escarpment Commission: Flora & Fauna". Niagara Escarpment Commission. Archived from the original on 30 July 2012. Retrieved 21 March 2009.
15. ^ "Burlington TS". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment and Climate Change Canada. Retrieved 22 October 2021.
16. ^ "Long Term Climate Extremes for Burlington Area (Virtual Station ID: VSON95V)". Daily climate records (LTCE). Environment and Climate Change Canada. Archived from the original on 10 November 2021. Retrieved 10 November 2021.
17. ^ "Burlington, City Ontario (Census Subdivision)". Census profile, Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. 8 February 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
18. ^ a b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 October 2021). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
19. ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Ontario". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 27 March 2022.
20. ^ "Statistics Canada. 2017. Burlington, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Halton, RM [Census division], Ontario". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. 29 November 2017. Archived from the original on 10 February 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
21. ^ "2011 National Household Survey Profile - Census subdivision". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Statistics Canada. 8 May 2013.
22. ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Burlington, City - Language". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017.
23. ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Burlington, City - Ethnic origin". Statistics Canada.
24. ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census: Burlington, City - Visible minority". Statistics Canada.
25. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (26 October 2022). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
26. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (27 November 2015). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
27. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (20 August 2019). "2006 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
28. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2 July 2019). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
29. ^ "Reasons Why People Should Move to Burlington". Bronte Movers & Cartage Ltd. Bronte Movers. Archived from the original on 19 March 2014.
30. ^ "BRONTE GREEN - ARGO". 8 January 2016. Archived from the original on 22 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
31. ^ "Burlington Downtown | What's Here". burlingtondowntown.ca. Archived from the original on 2 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
32. ^ Speirs, Doug (4 December 2020). "Dec 2020: Salvation Army kettle campaign rings in new way to give". Winnipeg Free Press. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
33. ^ "History | Burlington Teen Tour Band | Canada". BTTB. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
34. ^ "Honours & Awards | Burlington Teen Tour Band | Canada". BTTB. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
35. ^ "The Staff | Burlington Teen Tour Band | Canada". BTTB. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
36. ^ "Burlington Teen Tour Band D-Day performance at Juno Beach leaves huge impression on many". BurlingtonToday.com. 18 June 2024. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
37. ^ "Burlington Junior Redcoats | About Us". Junior Redcoats. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
38. ^ "Burlington Concert Band". Burlington Concert Band. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
39. ^ "Burlington Concert Band". Burlington Concert Band.
40. ^ "HISTORY". Burlington Symphony. 19 September 2023.
41. ^ "The Brant Street Pier". The City of Burlington. Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
42. ^ "Art Gallery of Burlington Home Page". Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
43. ^ "Parades, School Visits, Royal Canadian Naval Ships Memorial". Burl-Oak Naval Veterans. Archived from the original on 22 March 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
44. ^ "Touristic Sites – Village Square Burlington". Retrieved 27 December 2022.
45. ^ "Locations". www.burlington.ca. 26 November 2020. Retrieved 10 January 2022.
46. ^ "Appleby Ice Centre (City of Burlington)". Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
47. ^ "The Burlington Performing Arts Centre About". Retrieved 15 November 2021.
48. ^ "City of Burlington Website, Burlington International Games". Archived from the original on 1 September 2006.
49. ^ "Form EL08 - Certificate of Election Results" (PDF). City of Burlington. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 January 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
50. ^ "Official Voting Results Raw Data (poll by poll results in Burlington)". Elections Canada. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
51. ^ "Official Voting Results by polling station (poll by poll results in Burlington)". Election Windsor. Retrieved 10 March 2023.
52. ^ https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/milton-byelection-1.7192145
53. ^ a b "Regional Municipality of Halton Regional Road Network". Retrieved 28 June 2023.
54. ^ "Canadian passenger train crash kills three in Ontario". BBC News. 27 February 2012.
55. ^ "Oakville". Halton Region Police Service. Regional Municipality of Halton Police Services Board. Archived from the original on 4 March 2012.
56. ^ a b "Fire Department". www.burlington.ca. 27 July 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
57. ^ "Paramedic Services". Halton Region. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
58. ^ "Ontario - Canada". Charles Sturt University. Archived from the original on 31 January 2024. Retrieved 30 January 2024.
59. ^ To, Michael (31 July 2024). "Mohawk College plans to expand into Burlington over several years". CHCH News. CHCH. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
60. ^ "Buzz builds over Burlington hoops phenom Simisola Shittu". The Hamilton Spectator. 29 January 2015 - via www.thespec.com.
61. ^ "Twin Cities Apeldoorn and Itabashi". www.burlington.ca. Retrieved 27 March 2018.
62. ^ "A Twinning Agreement between the Cities of Apeldoorn, the Netherlands and Burlington, Ontario, Canada" (PDF). Retrieved 27 June 2023.
63. ^ Bkila, John (7 February 2020). "Burlington's Itabashi Garden wins Parks and Recreation Ontario (PRO) 2020 Award of Excellence". A Better Burlington | Mayor Marianne Meed Ward. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
64. ^ "Burlington, Ontario, Canada | City of Burlington, Vermont". www.burlingtonvt.gov. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
65. ^ "Sister Cities International | Visit Myrtle Beach". www.visitmyrtlebeach.com. Retrieved 27 June 2023.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Burlington, Ontario.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Burlington, Ontario.

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