COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China

Plan to immunize against COVID-19

COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China

COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in mainland China.

Date| 22 July 2020 (2020-07-22) – 13 April 2023 (2023-04-13)
Location|  China
Cause| COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China
Target| Immunization against COVID-19
Organized by| Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic of the State Council [zh]
(headquartered at National Health Commission)
Participants| 3,516,880,600[1] (total doses administered)
Outcome| 1,318,026,800[1] (total vaccinated)
1,284,479,600[1] (fully vaccinated)
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Scientifically accurate atomic model of the external structure of SARS-CoV-2. Each "ball" is an atom.

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COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China is an ongoing immunization campaign against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in mainland China, in response to the ongoing pandemic in the region.

As of July 2022, it is estimated that about 89.7% of the country's population has received a vaccine, and about 56% of the population has received a booster dose.[2]

## Administration

[edit]

In June 2020, the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) was authorized for emergency use in China. On 22 July, Chinese authorities started the emergency use of COVID-19 vaccines.[3]

On 15 December 2020, the COVID-19 vaccination for people under high risk started in China.[4] On 19 December 2020, the National Health Commission (NHC) said that there has been 1 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered in China as of the day, and no serious adverse reactions were observed.[5]

On 31 December 2020, NHC announced that the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine has been approved through the conditional marketing authorization process, and more than 3 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine has been administered in China.[6] At the same time, NHC declares that COVID-19 vaccination is free to Chinese citizens.[7]

On 27 January 2021, NHC said that the vaccination is being carried out in order, and there has been 22.767 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered in China as of 26 January.[8]

On 1 March 2021, Zhong Nanshan said that the vaccination rate of COVID-19 vaccine in China was currently 3.56%, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention hoped the rate reach 40% by the end of June 2021.[9]

Since late March 2021, the authorities has accelerated the promotion of free COVID-19 vaccination for the whole population.[4] On 22 March 2021, Sun Chunlan, the Vice Premier of the State Council, stated that COVID-19 vaccination in China should be accelerated and the vaccination rate should be increased.[10] On 24 March 2021, NHC announced that the number doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered will be daily reported on its website and social media account since that day.[11] On 29 March 2021, NHC released the first version of the COVID-19 Vaccine Technology Guide.[12]

On 21 April 2021, NHC stated that more than 200 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine has been administered in China, and 80% of doctors and nurses has been vaccinated.[13]

On 14 May 2021, NHC restated that the COVID-19 administration progress should be accelerated due to the proportion of mutated SARS-CoV-2 and the re-appearance of local cases.[14]

On 19 June 2021, NHC announced that more than 1.01489 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine has been administered in China.[15]

While public authorities have mandated lockdowns and mandatory mass testing for areas with infection, there has not been any rule to making vaccination mandatory. Some facilities within China have made vaccination mandatory for entry, including things like movie theatres, fitness centres, internet bars, museums and libraries.[16]

In July 2022, according to official figures, while 89% had received 2 doses, only 56% of eligible people had received a booster dose. Furthermore, this was even lower among vulnerable elderly age groups, with only 19.7% of people over the age of 80 having received a booster dose. According to BBC reporting, this may have been attributed to public confidence in the ability of authorities to control outbreaks, the narrative presented by public authorities within China that the virus was mainly an overseas problem as well as some doctors within China who warned vulnerable people of the health risks of the vaccine.[16]

Doses of COVID-19 vaccine administrated in mainland China  As of | Doses administrated
(in million) | References

|
|

19 Dec
(2020) | >1 | [5]
31 Dec
(2020) | >3 | [6]
27 Jan
(2021) | 22.767 | [8]
9 Feb | 40.52 | [17]
15 Mar | 64.98 | [18]
28 Mar | 102.417 | [DR 1]
21 Apr | 204.191 | [DR 2]
7 May | 308.226 | [DR 3]
16 May | 406.938 | [DR 4]
23 May | 510.858 | [DR 5]
28 May | 602.991 | [DR 6]
2 Jun | 704.826 | [DR 7]
8 Jun | 808.962 | [DR 8]
14 Jun | 904.134 | [DR 9]
19 Jun | 1,010.489 | [DR 10]
24 Jun | 1,120.643 | [DR 11]
28 Jun | 1,206.714 | [DR 12]
4 July | 1,305.499 | [DR 13]
14 July | 1,414.609 | [DR 14]
22 July | 1,507.605 | [DR 15]
28 July | 1,601.249 | [DR 16]
3 August | 1,708.356 | [DR 17]
10 August | 1,808.092 | [DR 18]
18 August | 1,900.127 | [DR 19]
26 August | 2,003.914 | [DR 20]

## Vaccines

[edit]

As of 21 November 2022, seven vaccines have been approved in mainland China through conditional marketing authorization or emergency use authorization.

In 2021 Nature reported that "studies have questioned the length of protection" that domestic vaccines such as CoronaVac and Sinopharm offer, especially when compared to mRNA vaccines.[19] A 2022 meta-analysis found about 65% vaccine effectiveness against infection for CoronoVac, compared with about 90% for Pfizer and 98% for Moderna.[20] Some analysts have criticized China's reluctance to import mRNA vaccines.[21]

Vaccine  | Type  | Made by  | Origin  | Dose required for vaccination  | Effective rate (Phase III)  | Approval  | Deployment  | WHO Listed

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Sinopharm BIBP | Inactivated | Beijing Institute of Biological Products  | China  | 2 doses[22] | 78.1%[23] |  Conditional
(31 December 2020)[24] |  31 December 2020  |  7 May 2021
CoronaVac | Inactivated | Sinovac Biotech | China  | 2 doses[22] | 50.7% - 83.5%[25][26] |  Conditional
(5 February 2021)[27] |  5 February 2021  |  1 June 2021
Sinopharm WIBP | Inactivated | Wuhan Institute of Biological Products  | China  | 2 doses[22] | 72.8%[23] |  Conditional
(25 February 2021)[28] |  25 February 2021  |
KCONVAC | Inactivated | Kangtai Biological Products Co. Ltd.  | China  | 2 doses[22] | —  |  EUA
(14 May 2021)[29] |  1 June 2021  |
Covidful | Inactivated | Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences | China  | 2 doses[22] | —  |  EUA
(9 June 2021)[30] |  9 June 2021  |
Convidecia | Viral vector | CanSino | China  | 1 dose[22] | 65.7%[31] |  Conditional
(25 February 2021)[32] |  25 February 2021  |  19 May 2022[33]
ZIFIVAX | Subunit | Zhifei Bio-tech  | China  | 3 doses[22] | 82%[34][35] |  EUA
(10 March 2021)[36] |  10 March 2021  |

The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, agented by Fosun Pharma in mainland China, is waiting for approval.[37]

Vaccine  | Type  | Made by  | Origin  | Dose required for vaccination  | Effective rate (Phase III)  | Approval  | Deployment  | WHO Listed

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Comirnaty | mRNA | BioNTech and Fosun Pharma | Germany  |  |  | Waiting for Approval[37] |  |  31 December 2020

## See also

[edit]

* COVID-19 vaccines
* COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China

## References

[edit]

Daily reports on COVID-19 vaccination

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2. ^ National Health Commission (22 April 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
3. ^ National Health Commission (8 May 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
4. ^ National Health Commission (17 May 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
5. ^ National Health Commission (24 May 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
6. ^ National Health Commission (29 May 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
7. ^ National Health Commission (3 June 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
8. ^ National Health Commission (9 June 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
9. ^ National Health Commission (15 June 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
10. ^ National Health Commission (20 June 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
11. ^ National Health Commission (25 June 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
12. ^ National Health Commission (29 June 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 30 June 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
13. ^ National Health Commission (5 July 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
14. ^ National Health Commission (15 July 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
15. ^ National Health Commission (23 July 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
16. ^ National Health Commission (29 July 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
17. ^ National Health Commission (4 August 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
18. ^ National Health Commission (11 August 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
19. ^ National Health Commission (19 August 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
20. ^ National Health Commission (27 August 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".

News and Articles

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2. ^ Liu, Roxanne; Tian, Yew Lun (24 July 2022). "Two years after drive began, China reveals Xi Jinping received local COVID vaccine". The Age. Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on 24 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
3. ^ "中国于7月22日启动新冠疫苗紧急使用 接种人数超2万". Jiefang Daily. 23 August 2020. Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
4. ^ a b 陈席元; 徐鹏航 (20 June 2021). "十亿来之不易，你我仍需努力". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 23 June 2021.
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7. ^ "中国新冠疫苗全民免费提供，关于疫苗的最权威信息都在这". The Beijing News. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
8. ^ a b 彭韵佳 王琳琳 (27 January 2021). "目前我国已接种新冠疫苗2276.7万剂次". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
9. ^ "钟南山：中国疫苗接种率为3.56%，计划6月底达40%". Guancha.cn. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
10. ^ "孙春兰出席全国新冠病毒疫苗接种工作电视电话会议并讲话". Xinhua. 22 March 2021. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2021 - via the State Council.
11. ^ "中国今起开始日报冠病疫苗接种数量". Lianhe Zaobao. 24 March 2021. Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 25 March 2021.
12. ^ NHC Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention (29 March 2021). "新冠病毒疫苗接种技术指南（第一版）". National Health Commission. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
13. ^ "全国新冠疫苗接种超2亿剂次". Chinanews.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2021.
14. ^ "国家卫健委：5月至今新增境外输入确诊病例142例 必须加快推进新冠疫苗接种". People.com.cn. 14 May 2021. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
15. ^ "权威快报|全国新冠疫苗接种剂次超10亿". Xinhuanet.com. Xinhua News Agency. 20 June 2021. Archived from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
16. ^ a b "中国新冠病毒"清零"政策对习近平造成危险". BBC News 中文 (in Simplified Chinese). 9 July 2022. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
17. ^ 张曼玉 (10 February 2021). "全国累计报告接种新冠疫苗4052万剂次，现有本土确诊病例连续15天下降". China Youth Daily. Archived from the original on 28 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
18. ^ 彭韵佳 王琳琳 (15 March 2021). "我国新冠疫苗接种已达6498万人次". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
19. ^ Mallapaty, Smriti (14 October 2021). "China's COVID vaccines have been crucial — now immunity is waning". Nature. 598 (7881): 398–399. Bibcode:2021Natur.598..398M. doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02796-w. PMID 34650240. S2CID 238990258. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
20. ^ Zheng, Caifang; Shao, Weihao; Chen, Xiaorui; Zhang, Bowen; Wang, Gaili; Zhang, Weidong (January 2022). "Real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a literature review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 114: 252–260. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.009. PMC 8595975. PMID 34800687. S2CID 244134232.
21. ^ "Zero-Covid policy: why is China still having severe lockdowns?". the Guardian. 29 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
22. ^ a b c d e f g "新冠病毒疫苗接种问答来了！涉及34个关键问题". Chinanews.com. 1 April 2021. Archived from the original on 5 May 2021. Retrieved 2 April 2021.
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31. ^ "CanSinoBIO's COVID-19 vaccine 65.7% effective in global trials, Pakistan official says". Reuters. 8 February 2021. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 8 February 2021.
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## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China.

* Prevention and Control of COVID-19 > Vaccination Progress \- National Health Commission (in Chinese)

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responses)

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|

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* Nepal
* Pakistan
* Tablighi Jamaat hotspot
* Sri Lanka

India|

* economic impact
* evacuations
* lockdown
* migrant workers' crisis
* statistics
* timeline
* 2020
* January–May
* June–December
* 2021
* union government response
* PM CARES Fund
* SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund
* state government responses
* vaccination
* Vaccine Maitri

By location|

* Andaman and Nicobar Islands
* Andhra Pradesh
* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Bihar
* Chandigarh
* Chhattisgarh
* Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
* Delhi
* Tablighi Jamaat hotspot
* Goa
* Gujarat
* Haryana
* Himachal Pradesh
* Jammu and Kashmir
* Jharkhand
* Karnataka
* Kerala
* timeline
* Ladakh
* Lakshadweep
* Madhya Pradesh
* Maharashtra
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Odisha
* Puducherry
* Punjab
* Rajasthan
* Sikkim
* Tamil Nadu
* Telangana
* Tripura
* Uttar Pradesh
* Uttarakhand
* West Bengal

Southeast|

* Brunei
* Cambodia
* East Timor
* Indonesia
* timeline
* 2021
* social restrictions
* Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement
* Laos
* Myanmar
* Singapore
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* circuit breaker response
* vaccination
* statistics
* Thailand
* timeline
* vaccination
* statistics
* Vietnam
* timeline
* government response

Malaysia|

* impact
* social
* economic
* political
* Aid and relief efforts
* movement control order
* Tablighi Jamaat COVID-19 hotspot
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* statistics
* Johor
* Kuala Lumpur
* Sabah
* Sarawak
* Selangor

Philippines|

* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* government response
* community quarantines
* Luzon
* evacuations
* testing controversy
* vaccination
* Bangsamoro
* Bicol Region
* Cagayan Valley
* Calabarzon
* Caraga
* Central Luzon
* Central Visayas
* Cordillera
* Davao Region
* Eastern Visayas
* Ilocos Region
* Metro Manila
* Mimaropa
* Northern Mindanao
* Soccsksargen
* Western Visayas
* Zamboanga Peninsula
* Overseas Filipinos

West|

* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Artsakh
* Bahrain
* Cyprus
* Northern Cyprus
* Egypt
* Georgia
* Abkhazia
* South Ossetia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Kurdistan Region
* Israel
* Jordan
* Kuwait
* Lebanon
* Oman
* Palestine
* Qatar
* Saudi Arabia
* vaccination
* Syria
* Turkey
* timeline
* United Arab Emirates
* Yemen

Europe|

| United Kingdom|

* history
* timeline
* January–June 2020
* July–December 2020
* January–June 2021
* July–December 2021
* January–June 2022
* July–December 2022
* 2023
* responses
* government response
* response
* Operation Rescript
* contracts
* impact
* social
* economic
* education

By location|

* England
* timeline
* 2020
* January–June
* July–December
* 2021
* 2022
* London
* local lockdown regulations
* first tier regulations
* Northern Ireland
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* Scotland
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* Wales
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* Crown Dependencies
* Isle of Man
* Jersey
* Guernsey
* Overseas territories
* Akrotiri and Dhekelia
* British Indian Ocean Territory
* Gibraltar

Eastern|

* Belarus
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* Kazakhstan
* Moldova
* Gagauzia
* Transnistria
* Russia
* timeline
* January–June 2020
* July–December 2020
* government responses
* political impact
* Turkey
* timeline
* Ukraine
* Crimea
* Sevastopol

Western Balkans|

* Albania
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Kosovo
* Montenegro
* North Macedonia
* Serbia
* statistics

European Union|

* Austria
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* timeline
* Cyprus
* Northern Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Faroe Islands
* Estonia
* Finland
* Åland
* France
* Guadeloupe
* French Guiana
* Réunion
* Martinique
* Mayotte
* Normandy
* Saint Martin
* Germany
* North Rhine-Westphalia
* government response
* Greece
* Hungary
* Ireland
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* economic impact
* social impact
* vaccination
* Italy
* lockdowns
* timeline
* Latvia
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Netherlands
* government response
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* timeline
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* timeline
* Asturias
* Canary Islands
* Ceuta
* Community of Madrid
* Melilla
* Sweden
* government response
* Operation Gloria

EFTA countries|

* Iceland
* Liechtenstein
* Norway
* Svalbard
* Switzerland

Microstates|

* Andorra
* Monaco
* San Marino
* Vatican City

North
America|

| Atlantic|

* Bermuda
* Greenland
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon

|

Canada|

* timeline
* economic impact
* federal aid
* vaccination
* by province
* military response
* Atlantic Bubble
* Alberta
* timeline
* British Columbia
* Manitoba
* New Brunswick
* Newfoundland and Labrador
* Northwest Territories
* Nova Scotia
* Nunavut
* Ontario
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* Ottawa
* Peel Region
* Toronto
* York Region
* Provincial government response
* Vaccination
* Prince Edward Island
* Quebec
* Montreal
* boroughs
* Saskatchewan
* timeline
* Yukon

Caribbean|

| Countries|

* Antigua and Barbuda
* Bahamas
* Barbados
* Cuba
* Guantanamo Bay Naval Base
* Dominica
* Dominican Republic
* Grenada
* Haiti
* Jamaica
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Trinidad and Tobago
* timeline

|

British Overseas Territories|

* Anguilla
* British Virgin Islands
* Cayman Islands
* Montserrat
* Turks and Caicos Islands
* response

* Aruba
* Curaçao
* Sint Maarten

Caribbean Netherlands|

* Bonaire
* Saba
* Sint Eustatius

French West Indies|

* Guadeloupe
* Martinique
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint Martin

US insular areas|

* Puerto Rico
* U.S. Virgin Islands

Central America|

* Belize
* Costa Rica
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Honduras
* Mexico
* timeline
* vaccination
* Nicaragua
* Panama

United States|

* Trump administration communication
* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* social impact
* economic impact
* 2021 hospital crisis

responses|

* federal government
* state and local governments
* California government response
* New York government response
* Texas government response
* Eastern States Multi-state Council
* Midwest Governors Regional Pact
* Western States Pact

By location|

* Alabama
* Alaska
* American Samoa
* Arizona
* Navajo Nation
* Arkansas
* California
* timeline
* S.F. Bay Area
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Guam
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* timeline
* Massachusetts
* timeline
* Boston
* timeline
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* timeline
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* New York City
* timeline
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Ohio
* Columbus
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Portland
* Pennsylvania
* Philadelphia
* Puerto Rico
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* timeline
* Austin
* U.S. Virgin Islands
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* Washington, D.C.
* White House
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

Oceania|

* American Samoa
* Cook Islands
* Easter Island
* Federated States of Micronesia
* Fiji
* French Polynesia
* Guam
* Hawaii
* Kiribati
* Marshall Islands
* Nauru
* New Caledonia
* Niue
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Palau
* Papua New Guinea
* Bougainville
* Pitcairn Islands
* Samoa
* Solomon Islands
* Tokelau
* Tonga
* Tuvalu
* Vanuatu
* Wallis and Futuna

Australia|

* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* January–June
* July–December
* 2022
* Australian Capital Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* New South Wales
* Norfolk Island
* Northern Territory
* Queensland
* South Australia
* Tasmania
* Victoria
* Western Australia

New Zealand|

* timeline
* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* economic impact
* government response
* Alert levels
* Traffic light system
* social impact
* managed isolation

South
America|

* Argentina
* statistics
* human rights
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* timeline
* São Paulo
* Chile
* statistics
* Easter Island
* Colombia
* timeline
* Ecuador
* Falkland Islands
* French Guiana
* Guyana
* Paraguay
* Peru
* statistics
* Cusco
* Suriname
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Others|

* Antarctica
* Cruise ships
* Diamond Princess
* Grand Princess
* Naval ships
* Charles de Gaulle
* USS Theodore Roosevelt

Impact

| Culture and
entertainment|

| Arts and
cultural heritage|

* References in popular culture
* Cinema
* films affected
* Corona-chan
* Disney
* Fashion industry
* Music industry
* Performing arts
* Television
* U.S.
* U.S. sports
* programs affected
* Video games

|

Education|

* Female education
* Homeschooling

By country|

* Ghana
* Ireland
* United Kingdom
* exam grading controversy
* United States

Sports|

* Bio-secure bubble

By country|

* Ireland
* Philippines

By sport|

* Association football
* Baseball
* Basketball
* NBA
* Combat sports
* Cricket
* Disc golf
* Gaelic games
* Gridirion football (NCAAF, NFL, and CFL)
* Ice hockey
* Motorsport
* Rugby league

Society
and rights|

| Social impact|

* Social media
* Stigma
* COVID-19 parties
* Children
* foster care in the U.S.
* Pandemic baking

|

Labor|

* Healthcare workers
* Indian migrant workers
* Great Resignation
* Strikes

Human rights|

* Argentina
* Hong Kong
* Myanmar
* North Korea
* Turkmenistan

Legal|

* Abortion in the U.S.
* Crime
* Domestic violence
* Prisons
* U.S. immigration detention

Minority|

* Gender
* LGBT community
* African communities
* Disability community
* Native American communities
* Xenophobia and racism

Religion|

* Catholic Church
* Hajj

Economic|

* Charitable activity
* COVID-19 scams
* Travel restrictions

By country|

* Canada
* India
* Ireland
* COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment
* Malaysia
* New Zealand
* Russia
* U.K.
* U.S.

By industry|

* Aviation
* Airlines
* Cannabis industry
* Food industry
* meat industry in Canada
* meat industry in the U.S.
* restaurant industry in the U.S.
* Hospitals
* ICU capacity
* Long-term care facilities
* Mink farming
* Public transport
* Retail
* Tourism

Supply and trade|

* Shortages
* Chip supply
* Energy
* Global supply chain
* Oil price war
* Food security

Financial markets|

* Global stock market crash
* COVID-19 recession
* Inflation

Information|

* Journalism
* Media coverage
* Wikipedia's response

Misinformation|

* Governments
* China
* United States
* By country
* Canada
* Philippines
* Ivermectin
* Plandemic

Politics|

* National responses
* Legislation
* European Union

Political impact|

* Ireland
* Malaysia
* Russia

Protests|

* Abkhazia
* Argentina
* Australia
* Convoy to Canberra
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
* Belgium
* Brazil
* 2020 protests
* 2021 protests
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* convoy protest
* Chile
* China
* Beijing Sitong Bridge protest
* healthcare reform protests
* Colombia
* 2021 protests
* 2022 protests
* Cuba
* France
* Yellow vests protests
* labor protests
* French West Indies social unrest
* convoy protest
* Germany
* Idar-Oberstein shooting
* Greece
* Israel
* protests against Benjamin Netanyahu
* Italy
* Mongolia
* Netherlands
* curfew riots
* New Zealand
* Wellington protest
* Paraguay
* Serbia
* Tunisia
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Open the States

International relations|

* Aid
* Italy
* Moldovan–Romanian collaboration
* Nicaragua–Taiwan relations
* Respirator diplomacy of Taiwan
* Vaccine diplomacy

Language|

* Anthropause
* Doomscrolling
* Flattening the curve
* Green recovery
* Long COVID
* Quarantini
* Social distancing
* Superspreader
* Twindemic
* Zero-COVID
* Zoom
* Zoom towns

Others|

* Animals
* Cluster 5
* Environment
* Military
* Pregnant women
* Science and technology

Health issues

| Medical topics|

* Transmission
* Symptoms
* Cancer
* Endemic COVID-19
* Skin manifestations
* Long COVID
* Mental health
* neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes
* Pregnancy
* Non-COVID-19–related health issues
* Shortages
* Raise the line
* Rehabilitation
* Unproven medical methods

|

Testing and
epidemiology|

* Datasets
* Death rates by country
* Disease testing
* Breathalyzer
* Operation Moonshot
* Test to Release
* UK Rapid Test Consortium
* AbC-19 rapid antibody test
* investigations into the origins
* lab leak theory
* Rapid antigen test
* Software
* Surveillance
* Undercounting COVID-19 deaths

Apps|

* Aarogya Setu
* BlueTrace
* careFIJI
* Coronavirus Australia
* Corona-Warn-App
* COVID-19 Contact-Confirming Application
* COVID Alert (Canada)
* COVID AlertSA (South Africa)
* COVIDSafe
* COVID Tracker Ireland
* Covid Watch
* Decentralized Privacy-Preserving Proximity Tracing
* Exposure Notification
* Health Code
* Healthy Together
* Immuni
* Koronavilkku
* LeaveHomeSafe
* MySejahtera
* NHS COVID-19
* NZ COVID Tracer
* NZ Pass Verifier
* PathCheck
* PeduliLindungi
* SafeEntry
* SafePass
* StaySafe.ph
* SwissCovid
* TCN Protocol
* Test, Trace, Protect
* Thai Chana
* TousAntiCovid
* TraceTogether
* Valtrace
* Zoe Health Study

Prevention|

* Air purifier (Corsi–Rosenthal Box)
* Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine
* COVID fatigue
* Evacuations
* Face masks
* Anti-mask sentiment
* United States
* Flattening the curve
* Great Barrington Declaration
* International aid
* Lockdowns
* Public health mitigation
* Safe Hands Challenge
* Social distancing
* Workplace hazard controls
* Zero-COVID

Vaccines|

| Topics|

* Authorizations
* Clinical research
* Deployment
* Development
* EU Certificate
* Misinformation and hesitancy
* Deaths of anti-vaccine advocates
* US
* Operation Warp Speed (U.S.)
* Post-vaccination complications
* Vaccine card
* Vaccine passports

|

Authorized|

| DNA|

* ZyCoV-D

|

Inactivated|

* Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
* CoronaVac
* Covaxin
* COVIran Barekat
* CoviVac (Russia)
* FAKHRAVAC
* Minhai
* QazCovid-in
* Sinopharm BIBP
* Sinopharm WIBP
* Turkovac
* Valneva

mRNA|

* Moderna
* Pfizer–BioNTech

Subunit|

* Abdala
* Corbevax (Bio E COVID-19)
* COVAX-19
* EpiVacCorona
* IndoVac
* MVC
* Noora
* Novavax
* Razi Cov Pars
* Sinopharm CNBG
* Soberana 02
* Soberana Plus
* ZF2001 (Zifivax)

Viral vector|

* Convidecia
* Janssen
* Oxford–AstraZeneca
* Sputnik V
* Sputnik Light

Virus-like particles|

* CoVLP

In trials|

| Attenuated|

* COVI-VAC (United States)

|

DNA|

* AG0302-COVID‑19
* GX-19
* Inovio

Inactivated|

* KD-414
* NDV-HXP-S

RNA|

* ARCT-021
* ARCT-154
* Bangavax
* CureVac (terminated)
* HGC019
* mRNA-1283
* PTX-COVID19-B
* Sanofi–Translate Bio (terminated)
* Stemirna COVID-19 vaccine
* Walvax

Subunit|

* 202-CoV
* AKS-452
* EuCorVac-19
* IVX-411
* Nanocovax
* ReCOV
* Sanofi–GSK
* S-268019
* SCB-2019
* SCTV01C
* Skycovione
* UB-612
* V-01
* V451 (terminated)
* Vabiotech
* West China Hospital
* Zhongyianke Biotech–Liaoning Maokangyuan Biotech

Viral vector|

* AdCLD-CoV19
* BriLife
* COH04S1
* DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT
* GRAd-COV2
* ImmunityBio
* iNCOVACC
* INNA-051
* NDV-HXP-S
* Vaxart COVID-19 vaccine

Virus-like particles|

* ABNCoV2
* LYB001
* MigVax-101
* VBI-2902

Deployment
by location|

| Africa|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Cape Verde
* Cameroon
* Chad
* Comoros
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti
* Egypt
* Equatorial Guinea
* Eswatini
* Ghana
* Morocco
* Nigeria
* Senegal
* South Africa
* Zimbabwe

|

Asia|

* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Mainland China
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Israel
* Japan
* Kazakhstan
* Malaysia
* Nepal
* Philippines
* Russia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* Sri Lanka
* Taiwan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* United Arab Emirates
* Vietnam

Europe|

* Albania
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Denmark
* France
* Germany
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Moldova
* Norway
* Portugal
* Romania
* Russia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom

North America|

* Canada
* Ontario
* Quebec
* Cuba
* Haiti
* Mexico
* United States
* mandates

Oceania|

* Australia
* Fiji
* New Zealand

South America|

* Argentina
* Brazil
* Colombia
* Peru

Others|

* Antarctica

Treatment|

* Drug development
* Drug repurposing research
* Baricitinib
* Dexamethasone
* Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
* Open-source ventilator
* PANORAMIC trial (UK)
* RECOVERY Trial (UK)
* Solidarity trial (WHO)

Monoclonal antibodies|

* Bamlanivimab/etesevimab
* Bamlanivimab
* Etesevimab
* Bebtelovimab
* Casirivimab/imdevimab
* Regdanvimab
* Sarilumab
* Sotrovimab
* Tixagevimab/cilgavimab
* Tocilizumab

Small molecule antivirals|

* Broad-spectrum
* Ensitrelvir
* Molnupiravir
* Remdesivir
* Co-packaged
* Nirmatrelvir
* ritonavir

Variants

| Specific|

* Alpha
* Beta
* Gamma
* Delta
* Epsilon
* Zeta
* Eta
* Theta
* Iota
* Kappa
* Lambda
* Mu
* Omicron
* timeline

|

General|

* Cluster 5
* Lineage B.1.617
* Lineage B.1.640.2
* Variant of concern

Institutions

| Hospitals and
medical clinics|

| Mainland China|

* Central Hospital of Wuhan
* Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre
* Fangcang hospitals
* Huoshenshan Hospital
* Leishenshan Hospital
* Xinjia Express Hotel
* Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital

|

Others|

* Hospital ships
* Garran Surge Centre (Australia)
* Hospital El Salvador
* SevenHills Hospital (India)
* Kemayoran Athletes Village (Indonesia)
* Pyongyang General Hospital (North Korea)
* Malaysia Agro Exposition Park Serdang (Malaysia)
* Mega Ligtas COVID Centers (Philippines)
* Kandakadu Treatment and Rehabilitation Centre (Sri Lanka)
* Sancaktepe Prof. Dr. Feriha Öz Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
* Yeşilköy Prof. Dr. Murat Dilmener Emergency Hospital (Turkey)
* COVID-19 hospitals in the United Kingdom
* NHS Nightingale Hospitals (England)
* Birmingham
* London
* North East
* North West
* Yorkshire and the Humber
* NHS Louisa Jordan (Scotland)
* Dragon's Heart Hospital (Wales)

Organizations|

* National Cabinet (Australia)
* ScienceUpFirst (Canada)
* Wuhan Institute of Virology (China)
* Independent SAGE (United Kingdom)

Health
institutes|

* Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (African Union)
* Ghana Infectious Disease Centre (Ghana)
* Department of Health (Hong Kong)
* Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (South Korea)
* National Institute for Communicable Diseases (South Africa)
* Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (Taiwan)

Pandemic
institutes|

* National COVID-19 Commission Advisory Board (Australia)
* COVID-19 Immunity Task Force (Canada)
* COVID-19 Supply Council (Canada)
* PREPARE (European Union)
* National Expert Group on Vaccine Administration for COVID-19 (India)
* COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force (Indonesia)
* National Public Health Emergency Team (Ireland)
* Novel Coronavirus Expert Meeting (Japan)
* Crisis Preparedness and Response Centre (Malaysia)
* Defeat COVID-19 Ad Hoc Committee (Philippines)
* Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (Philippines)
* Central Epidemic Command Center (Taiwan)
* Coronavirus Scientific Advisory Board (Turkey)
* COVID-19 Genomics UK Consortium (United Kingdom)
* Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team (United Kingdom)
* Joint Biosecurity Centre (United Kingdom)
* Vaccine Taskforce (United Kingdom)
* COVID-19 Advisory Board (United States)
* Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups (United States)
* White House Coronavirus Task Force (United States)
* White House COVID-19 Response Team (United States)
* GACH (Uruguay)

Relief funds|

* PM CARES Fund (India)
* SAARC COVID-19 Emergency Fund (India)
* Artist Relief (United States)

People

| Medical
professionals|

* Ai Fen
* Corona Rintawan
* Li Wenliang
* Liu Wen
* Xie Linka
* Zhang Wenhong

|

Researchers|

* Awang Bulgiba Awang Mahmud
* Roberto Burioni
* Chen Wei
* Kizzmekia Corbett
* Andrea Crisanti
* Peter Daszak
* Christian Drosten
* Neil Ferguson
* Dale Fisher
* George F. Gao
* Azra Ghani
* Sarah Gilbert
* Guan Yi
* Kentaro Iwata
* Katalin Karikó
* Matt Keeling
* Trudie Lang
* Li Lanjuan
* W. Ian Lipkin
* Ma Xiaowei
* Shabir Madhi
* Allison McGeer
* Camilla Rothe
* Shi Zhengli
* Moncef Slaoui
* Mike Tildesley
* John Todd
* Wang Chen
* Wang Guangfa
* Drew Weissman
* Yuen Kwok-yung
* Zeng Guang
* Zhang Jixian
* Zhang Yongzhen
* Zhong Nanshan

Officials|

| WHO|

* Tedros Adhanom (Director-General of the WHO)
* Bruce Aylward (Team lead of WHO-China COVID-19 mission)
* Maria Van Kerkhove (Technical Lead for COVID-19 response)
* Michael J. Ryan (Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergencies Programme)

|

By location|

* Frank Atherton (Wales)
* Ashley Bloomfield (New Zealand)
* Catherine Calderwood (Scotland)
* Chang Shan-chwen (Taiwan)
* Anutin Charnvirakul (Thailand)
* Chen Shih-chung (Taiwan)
* Kenneth Chuang Yin-ching (Taiwan)
* Victor Costache (Romania)
* Fabrizio Curcio (Italy)
* Carmen Deseda (Puerto Rico)
* Jaap van Dissel (the Netherlands)
* Christian Drosten (Germany)
* Francisco Duque III (Philippines)
* Anthony Fauci (United States)
* Francesco Paolo Figliuolo (Italy)
* Graça Freitas (Portugal)
* Henrique Gouveia e Melo (Portugal)
* Matt Hancock (United Kingdom)
* Hamad Hasan (Lebanon)
* Greg Hunt (Australia)
* Tony Holohan (Ireland)
* Jeong Eun-kyeong (South Korea)
* Fahrettin Koca (Turkey)
* Li Keqiang (China)
* Hugo López-Gatell Ramírez (Mexico)
* Michael McBride (Northern Ireland)
* Oriol Mitjà (Andorra)
* Zweli Mkhize (South Africa)
* Doni Monardo (Indonesia)
* Alma Möller (Iceland)
* Saeed Namaki (Iran)
* Ala Nemerenco (Moldova)
* Nguyễn Thanh Long (Vietnam)
* Noor Hisham Abdullah (Malaysia)
* Ali Pilli (Northern Cyprus)
* Daniel Salinas (Uruguay)
* Jérôme Salomon (France)
* Fernando Simón (Spain)
* Gregor Smith (Scotland)
* Su Ih-jen (Taiwan)
* Łukasz Szumowski (Poland)
* Theresa Tam (Canada)
* Anders Tegnell (Sweden)
* Þórólfur Guðnason (Iceland)
* Sotiris Tsiodras (Greece)
* Harsh Vardhan (India)
* Víðir Reynisson (Iceland)
* Carla Vizzotti (Argentina)
* Vlad Voiculescu (Romania)
* Chris Whitty (United Kingdom)
* Lawrence Wong (Singapore)
* Jeff Zients (United States)

Others|

* Chen Qiushi
* Brett Crozier
* Fang Bin
* Fang Fang
* Joseph Ashitey Hammond
* Li Zehua
* Captain Tom Moore
* Qiu Menghuang
* Ren Zhiqiang

List of deaths due to COVID-19

Data (templates)

| Global|

* Cases, deaths, recoveries by country
* Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country
* Tests, cases, tests per capita, cases per capita by country subdivision
* WHO situation reports
* cases
* January 2020
* February 2020
* March 2020
* April 2020
* May 2020
* June 2020
* July 2020
* August 2020
* September 2020
* October 2020
* November 2020
* December 2020
* January 2021
* February 2021
* March 2021
* April 2021
* May 2021
* June 2021
* July 2021
* August 2021
* deaths
* World map by countries: confirmed per capita
* China
* Hospital beds by country
* Lockdowns

|

Africa|

* Algeria
* Angola
* Benin
* Botswana
* Burkina Faso
* Burundi
* Cameroon
* Comoros
* Egypt
* Eswatini
* Ethiopia
* Ghana
* cases chart
* Ivory Coast
* Kenya
* Libya
* Malawi
* Mali
* Mauritania
* Mauritius
* Morocco (including occupied Western Sahara)
* Mozambique
* Nigera
* cases chart
* São Tomé and Príncipe
* Senegal
* Seychelles
* Sierra Leone
* South Africa
* cases chart
* South Sudan
* Sudan
* Tanzania
* Togo
* Tunisia
* Uganda
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe
* cases chart

Americas|

* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Canada
* by province
* vaccinations by province
* Chile
* by commune
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* cases chart
* Cuba
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Guatemala
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Mexico
* cases chart
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay
* Peru
* United States
* by state
* Uruguay
* Venezuela

Asia|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Artsakh
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* by division
* Bhutan
* cases chart
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* cases chart
* summary
* China
* cases chart
* confirmed per capita
* lockdowns
* by province
* Hong Kong
* Macau
* Cyprus
* East Timor
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* cases chart
* Iran
* cases chart
* Iraq
* Israel
* cases chart
* Japan
* cases chart
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* Kuwait cases chart
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* cases chart
* charts
* Myanmar
* cases chart
* summary
* Nepal
* cases chart
* Oman
* cases chart
* Pakistan
* cases chart
* Philippines
* cases chart
* areas of quarantine
* vaccinations chart
* Qatar
* Russia
* cases chart
* by federal subject
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* South Korea
* cases chart
* vaccinations charts
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Taiwan
* vaccination charts
* Tajikistan
* Thailand cases chart
* Turkey
* cases chart
* United Arab Emirates
* cases chart
* Uzbekistan
* cases chart
* Vietnam
* statistics charts
* Yemen

Europe|

* Albania
* Austria
* cases chart
* Belarus
* Belgium
* cases chart
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* cases chart
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* cases chart
* Faroe Islands
* Estonia cases chart
* Finland
* France
* cases chart
* Germany cases chart
* Greece
* Hungary
* Iceland
* cases chart
* Ireland
* cases chart
* Italy
* cases chart
* statistics charts
* vaccinations chart
* Kosovo
* Latvia cases chart
* Lithuania cases chart
* Luxembourg
* Malta
* Moldova
* Monaco
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* North Macedonia
* Norway
* cases chart
* Poland
* cases chart
* by voivodeship
* Portugal
* cases chart
* Romania
* cases chart
* Russia
* cases chart
* by federal subject
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* cases chart
* by region
* Slovenia cases chart
* Spain cases chart
* Sweden
* cases chart
* Switzerland cases chart
* Turkey
* cases chart
* Ukraine
* United Kingdom
* Gibraltar
* vaccinations chart
* daily
* by nation
* Vatican City

Oceania|

* Australia by state/territory
* Fiji
* French Polynesia
* New Caledonia
* New Zealand
* Papua New Guinea
* Solomon Islands

Others|

* Antarctica
* Diamond Princess

* v
* t
* e

COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China

* Statistics
* data
* aggregate
* chart
* confirmed per capita

Timeline|

2019–2020 outbreak

Locations|

* Anhui
* Beijing
* 2021
* Fujian
* Guangdong
* Hebei
* Heilongjiang
* Henan
* Hubei
* Wuhan
* Huanan Seafood Market
* Hunan
* Inner Mongolia
* Jiangxi
* Jilin
* Liaoning
* Ningxia
* Shandong
* Shanghai
* 2022 outbreak
* Shaanxi
* Shanxi
* Sichuan
* Tianjin
* Tibet
* Xinjiang
* Zhejiang

Responses|

* Government response
* Health Code
* Lockdowns
* Shanghai 2022
* Details
* Misinformation
* Vaccination
* Protests

Organizations
(people)|

| Hospitals
(doctors)|

* Central Hospital of Wuhan
* Ai Fen
* Li Wenliang
* Wuhan Red Cross Hospital
* Liu Wen
* Wuhan Union Hospital
* Xie Linka
* Hubei Hospital of Integrated C&W Med.
* Zhang Jixian
* Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital
* Huoshenshan Hospital
* Leishenshan Hospital
* Fangcang hospitals
* Dabie Mountain Regional Medical Centre

|

Authorities
(officials)|

* State Council
* Sun Chunlan
* National Health Commission
* Ma Xiaowei
* CCDC
* National Administration of Disease Control and Prevention
* Wang Hesheng
* Wuhan government
* Zhou Xianwang

Institutions
(researchers)|

* Wuhan Institute of Virology
* Shi Zhengli
* CCDC
* George F. Gao
* Zhang Yongzhen
* Zeng Guang
* Wu Zunyou
* Tsinghua University
* Liang Wannian
* Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
* Wang Chen
* Academy of Military Medical Sciences
* Chen Wei
* Guangzhou Med. Uni.
* Zhong Nanshan
* Zhejiang Uni.
* Li Lanjuan
* PKU 1st Hospital
* Wang Guangfa
* Tianjin Uni. of TCM
* Zhang Boli
* Huashan Hospital
* Zhang Wenhong
* HKU
* Guan Yi

Others|

* Chen Qiushi
* Fang Bin
* Fang Fang
* Li Zehua
* Qiu Menghuang
* Ren Zhiqiang

Media depictions|

* 76 Days
* Chinese Doctors
* Coronation
* Embrace Again
* In the Same Breath
* Wuhan Diary

Related events|

* Outbreak at Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market
* Collapse of Xinjia Express Hotel
* Outbreak at Xinfadi Market
* 2022 Guizhou bus crash
* 2022 Ürümqi fire

COVID-19 portal

* v
* t
* e

COVID-19 vaccination in Asia

Sovereign states|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Cyprus
* East Timor (Timor-Leste)
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* North Korea
* South Korea
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russia
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

States with
limited recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Northern Cyprus
* Palestine
* South Ossetia
* Taiwan

Dependencies and
other territories|

* British Indian Ocean Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* Hong Kong
* Macau

* Category
* Asia portal

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