Cadmium nitrate

Cadmium nitrate  Skeletal formula of cadmium chloride

Crystal of cadmium chloride
Names
IUPAC name

Cadmium(II) nitrate

Other names

Nitric acid, cadmium salt

Identifiers

CAS Number

* 10325-94-7 Y
* 10022-68-1 (tetrahydrate) Y

3D model (JSmol)

* Interactive image

ChEBI |

* CHEBI:77732 N

ChemSpider |

* 23498 Y

ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.633
EC Number |

* 233-710-6

PubChem CID

* 25154 (anhydrous)
* 56924536 (tetrahydrate)

UNII |

* VF9RQV8VXV Y
* 4VEL5V5LC0 (tetrahydrate) Y

UN number | 3087, 2570

CompTox Dashboard (EPA)

* DTXSID7044504

InChI

* InChI=1S/Cd.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1 Y

Key: XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

* InChI=1/Cd.2NO3/c;2*2-1(3)4/q+2;2*-1

Key: XIEPJMXMMWZAAV-UHFFFAOYAP

SMILES

* [Cd+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O

Properties

Chemical formula

| Cd(NO3)2
Molar mass | 236.42 g/mol (anhydrous)
308.48 g/mol (tetrahydrate)
Appearance  | White crystals, hygroscopic
Odor | Odorless
Density | 3.6 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.45 g/cm3 (tetrahdyrate)[1]
Melting point | 360 °C (680 °F; 633 K)
at 760 mmHg (anhydrous)
59.5 °C (139.1 °F; 332.6 K)
at 760 mmHg (tetrahydrate)[1]
Boiling point | 132 °C (270 °F; 405 K)
at 760 mmHg (tetrahydrate)[2]

Solubility in water

| 109.7 g/100 mL (0 °C)
126.6 g/100 mL (18 °C)
139.8 g/100 mL (30 °C)
320.9 g/100 mL (59.5 °C)[3]
Solubility | Soluble in acids, ammonia, alcohols, ether, acetone
5 g/L in methanol

Magnetic susceptibility (χ)

| −5.51·10−5 cm3/mol (anhydrous)
−1.4·10−4 cm3/mol (tetrahydrate)[1]
Structure

Crystal structure

| Cubic (anhydrous)
Orthorhombic (tetrahydrate)[1]

Space group

| Fdd2, No. 43 (tetrahydrate)[4]

Point group

| mm2 (tetrahydrate)[4]

Lattice constant

α = 90°, β = 90°, γ = 90°

Hazards
GHS labelling:

Pictograms

| [5]

Signal word

| Danger

Hazard statements

| H301, H330, H340, H350, H360, H372, H410[5]

Precautionary statements

| P201, P260, P273, P284, P301+P310, P310[5]
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)  |

[5]

Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):

LD50 (median dose)

| 300 mg/kg (rats, oral)[2]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):

PEL (Permissible)

| [1910.1027] TWA 0.005 mg/m3 (as Cd)[6]

REL (Recommended)

| Ca[6]

IDLH (Immediate danger)

| Ca [9 mg/m3 (as Cd)][6]
Related compounds

Other anions

| Cadmium acetate
Cadmium chloride
Cadmium sulfate

Other cations

| Zinc nitrate
Calcium nitrate
Magnesium nitrate

Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

N verify (what is YN ?)

Infobox references

Chemical compound

Cadmium nitrate describes any of the related members of a family of inorganic compounds with the general formula Cd(NO3)2*xH2O. The most commonly encountered form being the tetrahydrate.[7]The anhydrous form is volatile, but the others are colourless crystalline solids that are deliquescent, tending to absorb enough moisture from the air to form an aqueous solution. Like other cadmium compounds, cadmium nitrate is known to be carcinogenic. According to X-ray crystallography, the tetrahydrate features octahedral Cd2+ centers bound to six oxygen ligands.[8]

## Uses

[edit]

Cadmium nitrate is used for coloring glass and porcelain[7] and as a flash powder in photography.

## Preparation

[edit]

Cadmium nitrate is prepared by dissolving cadmium metal or its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate, in nitric acid followed by crystallization:

CdO + 2HNO3 → Cd(NO3)2 \+ H2O
CdCO3 \+ 2 HNO3 → Cd(NO3)2 \+ CO2 \+ H2O
Cd + 4HNO3 → 2NO2 \+ 2 H2O + Cd(NO3)2

## Reactions

[edit]

Thermal dissociation at elevated temperatures produces cadmium oxide and oxides of nitrogen. When hydrogen sulfide is passed through an acidified solution of cadmium nitrate, yellow cadmium sulfide is formed. A red modification of the sulfide is formed under boiling conditions.

When treated with sodium hydroxide, solutions of cadmium nitrate yield a solid precipitate of cadmium hydroxide. Many insoluble cadmium salts are obtained by such precipitation reactions.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d Lide, David R., ed. (2009). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (90th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-9084-0.
2. ^ a b "MSDS of Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate". www.fishersci.ca. Fisher Scientific. Retrieved 2014-06-25.
3. ^ Seidell, Atherton; Linke, William F. (1919). Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds (2nd ed.). New York: D. Van Nostrand Company. p. 178.
4. ^ a b James, D. W.; Carrick, M. T.; Leong, W. H. (1978). "Raman spectrum of cadmium nitrate". Australian Journal of Chemistry. 31 (6): 1189. doi:10.1071/CH9781189.
5. ^ a b c d Sigma-Aldrich Co., Cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate. Retrieved on 2014-06-25.
6. ^ a b c NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0087". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
7. ^ a b Karl-Heinz Schulte-Schrepping, Magnus Piscator "Cadmium and Cadmium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2007 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a04_499.
8. ^ Matković, B.; Ribar, B.; Zelenko, B.; Peterson, S. W. (1966). "Refinement of the Structure of Cd(NO3)2.4H2O". Acta Crystallographica. 21 (5): 719–725\. Bibcode:1966AcCry..21..719M. doi:10.1107/S0365110X66003773.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cadmium nitrate.

* v
* t
* e

Cadmium compounds

Cadmium(I)|

* Cd2(AlCl4)2

Cadmium(II)|

* Cd(BF4)2
* CdF2
* CdCl2
* CdBr2
* CdI2
* Cd(CN)2
* CdH2
* CdO
* CdS
* CdSe
* CdTe
* Cd(OH)2
* Cd3N2
* Cd(NO3)2
* CdSO4
* CdSeO4
* CdCrO4
* CdWO4
* CdTeO3
* Cd(C3H5O3)2
* Cd3As2
* Cd3P2
* Cd3(PO4)2
* CsCdCl3
* CsCdBr3
* Cd(CH3CO2)2
* Cd(O2CC17H35)2

* v
* t
* e

Salts and covalent derivatives of the nitrate ion

| HNO3 |  |  |  | He

|
|
|
|

LiNO3 | Be(NO3)2 | B(NO3)−4 | RONO2
+CO3
+C2O4 | NO3−
NH4NO3 | HOONO2 | FNO3
+F | Ne
NaNO3 | Mg(NO3)2 | Al(NO3)3
Al(NO3)−4 | Si  | P  | +SO4 | ClONO2
+Cl | Ar
KNO3 | Ca(NO3)2 |  | Sc(NO3)3 | Ti(NO3)4 | VO(NO3)3 | Cr(NO3)3 | Mn(NO3)2 | Fe(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)3 | Co(NO3)2
Co(NO3)3 | Ni(NO3)2 | CuNO3
Cu(NO3)2 | Zn(NO3)2 | Ga(NO3)3 | Ge  | As  | +SeO3 | BrNO3
+Br | Kr
RbNO3 | Sr(NO3)2 |  | Y(NO3)3 | Zr(NO3)4 | NbO(NO3)3 | MoO2(NO3)2 | Tc  | Ru  | Rh(NO3)3 | Pd(NO3)2 | AgNO3 | Cd(NO3)2 | In(NO3)3 | Sn(NO3)4 | Sb4O4(OH)2(NO3)2 | Te  | INO3
+IO3 | Xe(NO3)2
CsNO3 | Ba(NO3)2 | *  | Lu(NO3)3 | Hf(NO3)4 | TaO(NO3)3 | WO2(NO3)2 | ReO3NO3 | Os  | Ir3O(NO3)10 | Pt  | Au(NO3)−4 | Hg2(NO3)2
Hg(NO3)2 | TlNO3
Tl(NO3)3 | Pb(NO3)2 | Bi(NO3)3
BiO(NO3) | Po(NO3)4 | At  | Rn
FrNO3 | Ra(NO3)2 | **  | Lr  | Rf  | Db  | Sg  | Bh  | Hs  | Mt  | Ds  | Rg  | Cn  | Nh  | Fl  | Mc  | Lv  | Ts  | Og

*  | La(NO3)3 | Ce(NO3)3
Ce(NO3)4 | Pr(NO3)3 | Nd(NO3)3 | Pm(NO3)3 | Sm(NO3)3 | Eu(NO3)3 | Gd(NO3)3 | Tb(NO3)3 | Dy(NO3)3 | Ho(NO3)3 | Er(NO3)3 | Tm(NO3)3 | Yb(NO3)3
**  | Ac(NO3)3 | Th(NO3)4 | PaO(NO3)3 | UO2(NO3)2 | Np(NO3)4 | Pu(NO3)4 | Am(NO3)3 | Cm(NO3)3 | Bk(NO3)3 | Cf(NO3)3 | Es  | Fm  | Md  | No
*[CID]: Compound ID
*[EPA]: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
*[H301]: H301: Toxic if swallowed
*[H330]: H330: Fatal if inhaled
*[H340]: H340: May cause genetic defects
*[H350]: H350: May cause cancer
*[H360]: H360: May damage fertility or the unborn child
*[H372]: H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
*[H410]: H410: Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
*[P201]: P201: Obtain special instructions before use.
*[P260]: P260: Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
*[P273]: P273: Avoid release to the environment.
*[P284]: P284: Wear respiratory protection.
*[P301+P310]: P301+P310: IF SWALLOWED: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
*[P310]: P310: Immediately call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician.
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