Cardinalis

Genus of birds

Cardinalis

Male pyrrhuloxia
Female pyrrhuloxia
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Aves
Order:  | Passeriformes
Family:  | Cardinalidae
Genus:  | Cardinalis
Bonaparte, 1838
Type species
Cardinalis virginianus = Loxia cardinalis

Bonaparte, 1838

Cardinalis is a genus of birds in the family Cardinalidae.[1][2] There are three species ranging across the Great Lakes region to northern South America.

## Description

[edit]

They are birds between 19 and 22 cm in length. Its most distinctive characteristics are the presence of a conspicuous crest and a thick and strong conical bill. There is sexual dimorphism;[3] males have a greater amount of red in their plumage, and females have only some tints, with a predominance of gray. Immature individuals are similar to females.

## Species

[edit]

Genus Cardinalis  – Bonaparte, 1838 – three species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

|
|
|
|

Northern cardinal

Male

Female

| Cardinalis cardinalis
(Linnaeus, 1758)

Nineteen subspecies[4]

* C. c. cardinalis (Linnaeus, 1758)
* C. c. affinis Nelson, 1899
* C. c. canicaudus Chapman, 1891
* C. c. carneus (Lesson, 1842)
* C. c. clintoni (Banks, 1963)
* C. c. coccineus Ridgway, 1873
* C. c. flammiger J.L. Peters, 1913
* C. c. floridanus Ridgway, 1896
* C. c. igneus S.F. Baird, 1860
* C. c. littoralis Nelson, 1897
* C. c. magnirostris Bangs, 1903
* C. c. mariae Nelson, 1898
* C. c. phillipsi Parkes, 1997
* C. c. saturatus Ridgway, 1885
* C. c. seftoni (Huey, 1940)
* C. c. sinaloensis Nelson, 1899
* C. c. superbus Ridgway, 1885
* C. c. townsendi (van Rossem, 1932)
* C. c. yucatanicus Ridgway, 1887

| United States from Maine to Texas and in Canada in the provinces of Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Its range extends west to the U.S.–Mexico border and south through Mexico to the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, northern Guatemala, and northern Belize
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Pyrrhuloxia (desert cardinal)

Male

Female

| Cardinalis sinuatus
Bonaparte, 1838 | U.S. states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas and woodland edges in Mexico
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Vermilion cardinal

Male

Female

| Cardinalis phoeniceus
Bonaparte, 1838 | Colombia and Venezuela
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

### Phylogeny

[edit]

Cladogram based on analysis by Tilston Smith and Klicka published in 2013.[5]

Cardinalis |

|  |

|  |

C. phoeniceus

|

|  |

C.sinuatus

|

C.cardinalis

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Taxonomy browser (Cardinalis)". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
2. ^ "Definition of CARDINALIS". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
3. ^ "Rare half-male, half-female cardinal spotted in Pennsylvania". Animals. 2019-01-31. Archived from the original on February 22, 2021. Retrieved 2021-05-01.
4. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Cardinals, grosbeaks and (tanager) allies". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 26 June 2019.
5. ^ https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Multilocus-species-tree-and-mtDNA-tree-for-Cardinalis-cardinalis-and-allies-Species-tree_fig2_235778391

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to Cardinalis at Wikimedia Commons
* Data related to Cardinalis at Wikispecies

* v
* t
* e

Genera of finches, sparrows and tanagers

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Aves
* Suborder: Passeri
* Infraorder: Passerida
* Superfamily: Passeroidea

Passeroidea

| Estrildidae|

| Amandavinae|

* Amadina
* Amandava
* Ortygospiza

|

Erythrurinae|

* Chloebia
* Erythrura

Estrildinae|

* Brunhilda
* Coccopygia
* Cryptospiza
* Delacourella
* Estrilda
* Glaucestrilda
* Mandingoa
* Nesocharis
* Nigrita
* Parmoptila

Lagonostictinae|

* Clytospiza
* Euschistospiza
* Granatina
* Hypargos
* Lagonosticta
* Pyrenestes
* Pytilia
* Spermophaga
* Uraeginthus

Lonchurinae|

* Euodice
* Lepidopygia
* Lonchura
* Mayrimunia
* Padda
* Spermestes

Poephilinae|

* Aidemosyne
* Bathilda
* Emblema
* Heteromunia
* Neochmia
* Oreostruthus
* Poephila
* Stagonopleura
* Stizoptera
* Taeniopygia

Passeridae|

* Carpospiza
* Gymnoris
* Hypocryptadius
* Montifringilla
* Onychostruthus
* Passer
* Petronia
* Pyrgilauda

Ploceidae|

* Amblyospiza
* Anaplectes
* Brachycope
* Bubalornis
* Dinemellia
* Euplectes
* Foudia
* Histurgops
* Malimbus
* Philetairus
* Plocepasser
* Ploceus
* Pseudonigrita
* Quelea
* Sporopipes

Prunellidae|

* Prunella

Urocynchramidae|

* Urocynchramus

Viduidae|

* Anomalospiza
* Vidua

Nine-primaried oscines|

*     * See below ↓

Nine-primaried oscines

| Fringillidae|

| Carduelinae|

* Acanthis
* Agraphospiza
* †Aidemedia
* †Akialoa
* Bucanetes
* Callacanthis
* Carduelis
* Carpodacus
* †Chloridops
* Chloris
* Chlorodrepanis
* Chrysocorythus
* †Ciridops
* Coccothraustes
* Crithagra
* Drepanis
* †Dysmorodrepanis
* Eophona
* Haemorhous
* Hemignathus
* Hesperiphona
* Himatione
* Leucosticte
* Linaria
* Linurgus
* Loxia
* Loxioides
* Loxops
* Magumma
* †Melamprosops
* Mycerobas
* Oreomystis
* †Orthiospiza
* Palmeria
* Paroreomyza
* Pinicola
* Procarduelis
* Pseudonestor
* †Psittirostra
* Pyrrhula
* Pyrrhoplectes
* †Rhodacanthis
* Rhodopechys
* Rhodospiza
* Rhynchostruthus
* Serinus
* Spinus
* Telespiza
* †Vangulifer
* †Viridonia
* †Xestospiza

|

Euphoniinae|

* Chlorophonia
* Euphonia

Fringillinae|

* Fringilla

Motacillidae|

* Anthus
* Dendronanthus
* Macronyx
* Motacilla
* Tmetothylacus

Peucedramidae|

* Peucedramus

Emberizoidea|

*     * See below ↓

Emberizoidea

| Calcariidae|

* Calcarius
* Plectrophenax
* Rhynchophanes

|

Calyptophilidae|

* Calyptophilus

Cardinalidae|

* Amaurospiza
* Cardinalis
* Caryothraustes
* Chlorothraupis
* Cyanocompsa
* Cyanoloxia
* Granatellus
* Habia
* Passerina
* Periporphyrus
* Pheucticus
* Piranga
* Spiza

Emberizidae|

* Emberiza

Icteridae|

*     * See below ↓

Icteriidae|

* Icteria

Mitrospingidae|

* Lamprospiza
* Mitrospingus
* Orthogonys

Nesospingidae|

* Nesospingus

Parulidae|

* Basileuterus
* Cardellina
* Catharopeza
* Geothlypis
* Helmitheros
* Leucopeza
* Leiothlypis
* Limnothlypis
* Mniotilta
* Myioborus
* Myiothlypis
* Oporornis
* Oreothlypis
* Parkesia
* Protonotaria
* Seiurus
* Setophaga
* Vermivora

Passerellidae|

* Aimophila
* Ammodramus
* Ammospiza
* Amphispiza
* Amphispizopsis
* Arremon
* Arremonops
* Artemisiospiza
* Atlapetes
* Calamospiza
* Centronyx
* Chlorospingus
* Chondestes
* Junco
* Melospiza
* Melozone
* Oreothraupis
* Oriturus
* Passerculus
* Passerella
* †Pedinorhis
* Peucaea
* Pezopetes
* Pipilo
* Pooecetes
* Rhynchospiza
* Spizella
* Spizelloides
* Torreornis
* Xenospiza
* Zonotrichia

Phaenicophilidae|

* Microligea
* Phaenicophilus
* Xenoligea

Rhodinocichlidae|

* Rhodinocichla

Spindalidae|

* Spindalis

Teretistridae|

* Teretistris

Thraupidae|

*     * See below ↓

Icteridae

| incertae sedis|

* †Cremaster
* †Pandanaris
* †Pyelorhamphus

|

Agelaiinae|

* Agelaioides
* Agelaius
* Agelasticus
* Amblyramphus
* Anumara
* Chrysomus
* Curaeus
* Dives
* Euphagus
* Gnorimopsar
* Gymnomystax
* Hypopyrrhus
* Lampropsar
* Macroagelaius
* Molothrus
* Nesopsar
* Oreopsar
* Pseudoleistes
* Ptiloxena
* Quiscalus
* Xanthopsar

Amblycercinae|

* Amblycercus

Cassicinae|

* Cacicus
* Cassiculus
* Psarocolius

Dolichonychinae|

* Dolichonyx

Icterinae|

* Icterus

Sturnellinae|

* Leistes
* Sturnella

Xanthocephalinae|

* Xanthocephalus

Thraupidae

| Catamblyrhynchinae|

* Catamblyrhynchus

|

Charitospizinae|

* Charitospiza
* Parkerthraustes

Coerebinae|

* Asemospiza
* Camarhynchus
* Certhidea
* Coereba
* Euneornis
* Geospiza
* Loxigilla
* Loxipasser
* Melanospiza
* Melopyrrha
* Phonipara
* Pinaroloxias
* Platyspiza
* Tiaris

Dacninae|

* Cyanerpes
* Dacnis
* Tersina

Diglossinae|

* Acanthidops
* Catamenia
* Conirostrum
* Diglossa
* Geospizopsis
* Haplospiza
* Idiopsar
* Melanodera
* Nesospiza
* Phrygilus
* Rowettia
* Sicalis
* Xenodacnis

Emberizoidinae|

* Coryphaspiza
* Emberizoides
* Embernagra

Hemithraupinae|

* Chrysothlypis
* Chlorophanes
* Hemithraupis
* Heterospingus
* Iridophanes

Nemosiinae|

* Compsothraupis
* Cyanicterus
* Nemosia
* Sericossypha

Orchesticinae|

* Orchesticus

Poospizinae|

* Castanozoster
* Cnemoscopus
* Cypsnagra
* Donacospiza
* Kleinothraupis
* Microspingus
* Nephelornis
* Piezorina
* Poospiza
* Poospizopsis
* Pseudospingus
* Sphenopsis
* Thlypopsis
* Urothraupis
* Xenospingus

Porphyrospizinae|

* Incaspiza
* Rhopospina

Saltatorinae|

* Saltator
* Saltatricula

Sporophilinae|

* Sporophila

Tachyphoninae|

* Conothraupis
* Coryphospingus
* Creurgops
* Eucometis
* Heliothraupis
* Lanio
* Loriotus
* Ramphocelus
* Rhodospingus
* Tachyphonus
* Trichothraupis
* Volatinia

Thraupinae|

* Anisognathus
* Bangsia
* Buthraupis
* Calochaetes
* Chalcothraupis
* Chlorochrysa
* Chlorornis
* Cissopis
* Cnemathraupis
* Diuca
* Dubusia
* Iridosornis
* Ixothraupis
* Lophospingus
* Neothraupis
* Paroaria
* Pipraeidea
* Poecilostreptus
* Pseudosaltator
* Rauenia
* Schistochlamys
* Sporathraupis
* Stephanophorus
* Stilpnia
* Tangara
* Tephrophilus
* Thraupis
* Wetmorethraupis

Taxon identifiers

Cardinalis|

* Wikidata: Q858444
* Wikispecies: Cardinalis
* ADW: Cardinalis
* BOLD: 4759
* CoL: 62KGQ
* EoL: 19590
* EPPO: 1CRDNG
* GBIF: 3241527
* iNaturalist: 9080
* ITIS: 179123
* NBN: NHMSYS0020930059
* NCBI: 56326
* Open Tree of Life: 489153
* Paleobiology Database: 289504

Authority control databases: National |

* Israel

|

This Passeroidea-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

|

* v
* t
* e

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[†]: Extinct