Cartoon Network and LGBT representation

Rebecca Sugar gives an acceptance speech at the 78th annual Peabody Awards in July 2019

Cartoon Network, an American TV channel which launched in 1992, and Adult Swim, its adult-oriented nighttime programming block which launched in 2001, has regularly featured lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) characters in its programming.

## Representation[edit]

### Queer coding[edit]

Some Cartoon Network series have included coded characters. For instance, The Oblongs, which aired from 2001 to 2002, features Biff who is implied to be gay.[1] He was confirmed to be gay in a bonus feature from The Oblongs Complete Series DVD.[2] Additionally, in 2012, Mark Hamill, the voice actor of Larry 3000 in Time Squad implied that Larry could easily have been interpreted as gay,[3] due to his femininity and presentation as the "gay best friend" to Cleopatra in "Shop like an Egyptian", even though Larry has stated on multiple occasions he dislikes humans in general. Hamill also described Larry 3000 as "fierce" and "flamboyant."[4]

Also, Space Ghost Coast to Coast, included a gay character. On December 25, 1994, Lokar, a locust alien and member of the Council of Doom, was introduced in the Space Ghost Coast to Coast Christmas special A Space Ghost Christmas. Supplementary material for the series had Lokar referred to himself as a Confirmed bachelor while an article on the official Cartoon Network website featured a reference to a slang word for gay sex.[5][6] His sexuality was confirmed in audio commentaries for the Space Ghost Coast to Coast Volume 2 DVD and it was revealed that Lokar died at some point during the series.[7][8] However this was eventually contradicted when Lokar returned in Season 11 in where he is shown to be alive and well.

More recently, in March 2020, Peridot, a popular character in Steven Universe, was confirmed by storyboarder Maya Peterson as asexual and aromantic.[9] She said this despite her reservations that she is only a secondary creator on the show,[10] pleasing fans. However, before, and after this point, fans had shipped Peridot with various other characters, specifically Lapis Lazuli and Amethyst, with some reviewers seeing Peridot and Lapis in a "close, loving relationship."[11]

### Positive representation[edit]

Many Cartoon Network series have included LGBTQ+ representation. For instance, Superjail!, which aired from 2008 to 2014 on Adult Swim, had two gay characters: Jean Baptiste Le Ghei and Paul Guaye.. In an interview with the creators of the show, co-creator Christy Karacas called them well-rounded characters, who are a couple, with Paul as more feminine and intelligent than Jean who is "the bad boy."[12]

Summer Camp Island, which ran from September 2018 to August 2023, had various LGBTQ characters, such as Puddle, a non-binary alien who uses they/them pronouns and their husband, Alien King, is the king of their planet.[13][14] Craig of the Creek confirmed in December 2019 that the show had a non-binary character named Angel José. Their original voice actor, Angel Lorenzana, who also uses they/them pronouns, an agender storyboard artist for the show, confirmed this.[15]

In May 2020, DC Super Hero Girls series creator Lauren Faust said that everyone was "on board with this idea" of Jessica Cruz having two mothers, and that she was glad it was approved.[16] Later, in July 2020, Tony Cervone, a producer of Scooby Doo! Mystery Incorporated stated that Velma Dinkley was a lesbian. James Gunn, who wrote the screenplays of Scooby-Doo and Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, concurred, stating that Velma was "explicitly gay."[17] She has feelings for another woman, Marcie "Hot Dog Water" Fleach.[18]

In December 2020, Amy Friedman, head of programming for Cartoon Network and HBO Max Kids & Family, stated that they are looking "at ourselves across the inclusion and equity spectrum," including the LGBTQ+ community, to evaluate projects in production, development, and post-greenlighting.[19]

### Challenges faced by creators[edit]

Creators of Cartoon Network have occasionally talked faced challenges. On May 18, 1996, Silver Spooner, the sidekick to Barbequor, appeared in an episode of Dexter's Laboratory titled "Dial M for Monkey: Barbequor". Both characters are parodies of Silver Surfer and Galactus, with the episode banned. While some said this was because Silver Spooner was a stereotype of gay men, with complaints to that effect after it aired,[20][21][22] others said it had more to do with copyright infringement as the estate of Jack Kirby threatened to sue Cartoon Network over the parody character.[23][24] The episode was, in later broadcasts, and on its Season 1 DVD (Region 1), replaced with "Dexter's Lab: A Story", an episode from season two.[25]

Rebecca Sugar, creator of Steven Universe, was told by executives that the inclusion of a central queer romance could have ended her show.[26] At the time the iconic wedding episode of Steven Universe was first drafted, gay marriage was not yet legal in most of the United States. Previously, the series was said to be a "strong champion...for LGBT representation" as was Adventure Time.[27]

In October 2014, Spencer Rothbell, a writer, head of storywriting,[28] and voice actor of multiple characters, for the show Clarence, said that they had to change a scene in the episode "Neighborhood Grill", which showed two gay characters after pushback from Cartoon Network executives.[29][30] According to Rothbell, the original scene showed the two characters kissing on the lips, noting that "originally the guy had flowers and they kissed on the mouth." Later he lamented that the scene in the episode is "better than nothing," adding that "maybe one day the main character can be gay and it won't be a big deal." Despite this step back, there were some moves forward.

In the summer of 2018, Steven Universe would make headlines with a gay wedding between two characters: Ruby and Sapphire, challenging Cartoon Network's history of "not overtly depicting same-sex marriage"[31] as Sugar struggled to get any LGBTQ+ representation on the show, with the network ultimately accepting her reasoning.[32][33] When she originally pitched the Steven Universe episode with a lesbian wedding, "Reunited" she encountered challenges presenting it to the Cartoon Network. Sugar was able to convince network officers that the wedding was organic to the show's development and a natural progression of Ruby and Sapphire's relationship. When the wedding episodes—a double episode titled "Reunited"—aired in 2018, network policy progressed. Scorcher noted that it became standard policy for the network to treat homosexual relationships like heterosexual relationships.[31]

The episode, "Reunited," which aired on July 6, which she and the crew had worked on for years,[34] was praised as an example of the network's frank portrayal of "sexuality and gender identity in children's programming," and it was positively received by the LGBTQ+ community and fans.[35][36][37] This episode made Steven Universe the first kid's show on U.S. television to feature a lesbian wedding.[38] The creator of Gravity Falls, Alex Hirsch, believed that because of this episode, it meant that Sugar was moving everyone in kid's programming forward in terms of LGBTQ+ representation. ND Stevenson praised the episode as "bold and courageous," serving as a moment which "knocked down so many walls" for other storytellers.[39][36]

In September 2018, Bonnie and Marcy kissed in the Adventure Time finale, "Come Along With Me". However, the kiss was not scripted, as series creator Adam Muto admitted. It was only added after a storyboard artist, Hanna K. Nyström, advocated for it.[40][41] Previously, some of those behind the show played down the relationship. Some reviewers had hoped that "queer cartoon subtext" turns into "a queer cartoon subplot" or even a main plot in the future, and pointed to the Adventure Time Presents Marceline and the Scream Queens comic, created as part of the franchise, as fleshing out this relationship.[42][43]

In March 2020, Rob Sorcher, chief content officer at Cartoon Network, spoke about the factors that go into content decisions for storylines. One important factor to consider was that Steven Universe aired in nearly 200 countries that had culturally conservative audiences. A common challenge when designing kids animations and cartoons is considering conservative and religious audiences who will often vocalize backlash on non-traditional storylines. Scorcher explained, "On a personal level, as a gay executive, I was taking extra pains to be sure that inside my company, I'm being completely neutral - really listening to all the business issues going on around the world," Sorcher says. "And that there's not the optics of me coming in with an 'agenda' to drive through the content."[31]

## Censorship[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2023)

|

The now-banned Cow and Chicken episode "Buffalo Gals" aired on June 27, 1998. It only aired once, as frequent complaints prevented future airings. Complaints were made about its overt innuendos, frequent double entendres, and lesbian stereotypes. It no longer airs on television and has been replaced in future reruns with "Orthodontic Police."[44][45]

On June 18, 2015, the Steven Universe episode We Need To Talk was released and featured a dance between two female characters: Pearl and Rose Quartz. Cartoon Network UK has been allegedly found to omit scenes where the pair danced and appeared to be very intimate. This tweak in the episode diverted the symbolism of the scene from a romantic attraction to a friendly one. The UK network recognized the importance of a rating in the US broadcast system for shows like Steven Universe, which is PG (Parental Guidance Necessary). They further elucidate their defense in a statement: "In the UK, we have to ensure everything on air is suitable for kids of any age at any time. We do feel that the slightly edited version is more comfortable for local kids and their parents.”[46][47]

In the Adventure Time episode What Was Missing was posted and subsequently taken down from the Mathematical Youtube Channel, a channel that shows the behind the scenes of Adventure Time. In this episode, Adventure Time has been forced to maintain its depiction of Princess Bubblegum and Marceline’s relationship less than explicit. Fred Seibert, the producer, explained in a statement: "In trying to get the show’s audience involved we got wrapped up by both fan conjecture and spicy fanart and went a little too far. Neither Cartoon Network nor the Adventure Time crew had anything to do with putting up or taking down our latest re-cap. The episode ”What was Missing” remains a terrific short and will be shown again and again just like any other Adventure Time episode."[46][48]

Cartoon Network also censored the first gay kiss that would've appeared on the show Clarence. The show's writer and voice actor, Spencer Rothbell, confirmed the censorship on Twitter, claiming that one of the guys originally had flowers and kissed on the mouth. The Cartoon Network representative had no comment on the alteration of this episode.[49][50]

## Cancellations[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2023)

|

Mission Hill aired on The WB from 1999 to 2000 and Adult Swim in 2002. It featured Gus Duncz and Wally Langford, a gay elderly couple in their late 60s. As a result the series won an award from GLAAD for this representation, with some arguing that the series was "prematurely aed".[51]

In May 2021, in the Final Space episode, "Forgiveness," Ash Graven meets a genderless being named Evra, voiced by Jasmin Savoy Brown. Evra becomes Ash's friend and helps her "take her anger out," with both sitting and watching a formation of lights like the aurora borealis together.[52][53] Her relationship with Evra makes clear her sexual orientation as a lesbian woman,[54] In June 2021, Olan Rogers, in a podcast about the episode "Forgiveness" that David Sacks, who wrote the episode, came from a place of "two souls connecting to each other" and noted that if the show had a fourth season, they would have expanded on the relationship between Evra and Ash.[55] However, the series, which aired on Adult Swim, was cancelled on September 10, 2021, before it could ever happen.[56]

Tuca & Bertie included a pansexual character Tuca Toucan. In season 2, Tuca was in a same-sex relationship with Kara, a seagull, but they broke up.[57][58][59] The series was cancelled after two seasons.[60] Tuca and Bertie was originally released on Netflix and was cancelled after one season.

## Awards[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (December 2023)

|

Some Cartoon Network animated series, with LGBTQ representation, have been nominated for awards. In 2012,[61] 2013,[62] 2014,[63] and 2019,[citation needed] Adventure Time was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Animated Series. In 2021,[citation needed] Harley Quinn was nominated for the award and would be nominated again in 2023.[64]

From 2018 to 2024, five animated series were nominated for the GLAAD Media Award for Outstanding Kids and Family Programming: Steven Universe (2018, 2019, 2021),[65][66][67] Adventure Time (2019),[66] Craig of the Creek (2021, 2023, 2024),[67][68][69][70] Summer Camp Island (2021, 2022, 2024)[67][71][70] and Trick or Treat Scooby-Doo! (2023).[68] Also, Steven Universe: The Movie was nominated in 2020[72] and the Adventure Time: Distant Lands episode "Obsidian", centering on the relationship between Princess Bubblegum and Marceline the Vampire Queen,[73][74] was nominated for the same GLAAD award, in 2021.[75][76]

Of these nominees, only Steven Universe was given the award in 2019.[77] Additionally, the Adventure Time: Distant Lands episode "BMO" won a Kidscreen Award for Best One-Off, Special or TV Movie, in 2021.[78][79] Previously, BMO was confirmed as a genderfluid character.[80] The episode also featured Y5, an anthropomorphic rabbit and teenage scientist between age 11 and 13 who lives in The Drift,[81][82] who chooses her new name[83] Voice actress Glory Curda later argued that Y5's story has a lot of context and is representative of coming out into your own identity and defining yourself with whatever terms are comfortable for you.[84]

In 2023, at the 2nd Children's and Family Emmy Awards, for Craig of the Creek writers, Matt Burnett, Ben Levin, Jeff Trammell, Dashawn Mahone, Najja Porter, Deena Beck, and Ashleigh Hairston, were nominated for the "Outstanding Writing for an Animated Program" category.[citation needed]

## See also[edit]

* Disney and LGBT representation in animation
* Netflix and LGBT representation in animation
* Nickelodeon and LGBT representation
* LGBT representation in children's television
* Independent animation#Representations
* List of LGBT-related films by year
* Cross-dressing in film and television
* List of cross-dressing characters in animated series
* List of animated films with LGBT characters
* List of lesbian characters in animation
* List of gay characters in animation
* List of fictional trans characters
* List of fictional intersex characters
* List of fictional non-binary characters
* List of bisexual characters in animation
* List of fictional pansexual characters
* List of fictional asexual characters

## References[edit]

### Citations[edit]

1. ^ Howe, Nicholas (September 28, 2019). "10 Jokes From The Oblongs That Have Already Aged Poorly". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on September 22, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
2. ^ The Oblongs - The Complete Series (DVD) (DVD). US: Warner Brothers. October 4, 2005. B000ABKHZC. Retrieved February 4, 2022.
3. ^ "039 – Mark Hamill on Talkin Toons with Rob Paulsen – Weekly Voice Acting and Voice Over Tips". Tech Jives Network. Archived from the original on 2020-03-19. Retrieved 18 March 2020.
4. ^ Hamill, Mark. "Love Unique Deadpan No-Nonsense #Skips but #Larry3000 of #TimeSquad was Fierce-Flamboyant & more Crazy-Fun to play!". Twitter. Archived from the original on March 19, 2020. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
5. ^ "Lokar's Valentine Page". Cartoon Network. Archived from the original on March 4, 2001. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
6. ^ "Lokar's Sumptuous Salute to Summer Frolic". Cartoon Network. Archived from the original on April 7, 2001. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
7. ^ Space Ghost Coast to Coast - Volume Two ["Surprise" commentary track] (DVD) (DVD). US: Warner Brothers. November 16, 2004. B0002WZRTU. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
8. ^ Space Ghost Coast to Coast - Volume Two ["Jacksonville" commentary track] (DVD) (DVD). US: Warner Brothers. November 16, 2004. B0002WZRTU. Retrieved June 18, 2021.
9. ^ Peterson, Maya [@rrn_tweet] (March 11, 2020). "Word of Saint Paul, I know, but if it hasn't been said by now, Peridot's sendoff episode, it probably never will be said. Peridot's interest in shipping and romance is anthropological, and she's not about fusion. She's the ace and aro rep" (Tweet). Archived from the original on May 15, 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2020 - via Twitter.
10. ^ Peterson, Maya [@rrn_tweet] (March 11, 2020). "It means whatever I say is not Word of God, the ultimate authority. As a secondary creator involved in the show, what I say is true of conversations I was in the room for and took part in, but can be negated or clarified by a higher authority" (Tweet). Archived from the original on May 15, 2020. Retrieved April 5, 2020 - via Twitter.
11. ^ Alptraum, Lux (July 9, 2018). "Steven Universe's message of love is emphatically queer". Polygon. Archived from the original on July 31, 2018. Retrieved April 5, 2020.
12. ^ Burra, Kevin (February 2, 2016). "Christy Karacas, 'Superjail!' Co-Creator, And Janine DiTullio, Writing Director, Discuss Beloved Adult Swim Show". HuffPost. Archived from the original on July 23, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
13. ^ Pulliam-Moore, Charles (November 5, 2020). "Bliss Out to 10 Episodes of Summer Camp Island". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on November 6, 2020. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
14. ^ Mufson, Beckett (July 19, 2018). "The New Show 'Summer Camp Island' Will Fill the 'Adventure Time'-Shaped Hole in Your Life". Vice. Archived from the original on December 22, 2020. Retrieved January 29, 2021.
15. ^ Lorenzana, Angel [@glamdoodle] (December 16, 2019). "Wasn't sure whether to speak on this until it aired on TV but yeah! Hi, hello, that's me! I voiced..myself? I'm agender (they/them) and my creeksona is Literally Me so I want it to be clear that they are too, lol" (Tweet). Archived from the original on December 17, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2020 - via Twitter.
16. ^ Faust, Lauren [@Fyre_flye] (May 11, 2020). "Everyone was so immediately on board with this idea I don't even remember who suggested it - I just said to write it in and cross fingers that it gets approved. It did!" (Tweet). Archived from the original on May 11, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020 - via Twitter.
17. ^ Ankers, Adele (July 14, 2020). "Scooby-Doo's Velma Is a Lesbian, James Gunn and Mystery Incorporated Producer Confirm". IGN. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved July 10, 2021.
18. ^ Padgett, Donald (July 13, 2020). "Yes, Velma is a Lesbian in 'Scooby Doo: Mystery Incorporated'". Out. Archived from the original on February 11, 2021. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
19. ^ Idelson, Karen (December 30, 2020). "Diversity in TV Animation: Finally, Some Progress!". Animation Magazine. Archived from the original on December 31, 2020. Retrieved December 31, 2020.
20. ^ Anderson, Evans (August 14, 2010). "Dial M for Monkey – The Banned Episode". Gawker. Archived from the original on July 3, 2015. Retrieved August 10, 2013.
21. ^ Belonksy, Andrew (June 12, 2008). "Banned "Anti-Gay" Toon Exhumed!". Queerty. Archived from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved August 10, 2013.
22. ^ Jade, Tamara (June 9, 2017). "15 Banned TV Episodes That Only Ever Aired Once". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 4, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
23. ^ Henderson, Taylor (July 23, 2020). "An Ode to Silver Spooner, the Gayest Supervillian [sic] Ever Banned From TV". Pride.com. Archived from the original on June 13, 2021. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
24. ^ Burke, Carolyn (February 28, 2018). "15 Secrets You Didn't Know Behind Cartoon Network Shows". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on February 8, 2019. Retrieved June 30, 2021.
25. ^ Lacey, Gord (October 29, 2010). "Dexter's Laboratory — Season 1 Review". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
26. ^ Duffy, Nick (August 12, 2020). "The rise of queer representation in LGBT cartoons". PinkNews. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
27. ^ "The rise of queer representation in LGBT cartoons". Lesbian News. March 1, 2016. Archived from the original on March 9, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
28. ^ Milligan, Mercedes (September 22, 2014). "Cartoon Network Plans Surprise-Packed NYCC Panel". Animation Magazine. ISSN 1041-617X. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014.
29. ^ Yahr, Emily (October 29, 2014). "Cartoon Network voice actor says series 'Clarence' had to change a scene with two men kissing". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 27, 2018. Retrieved August 17, 2020.
30. ^ Manzella, Sam (February 27, 2018). "9 Cartoons That Were Censored For Being Too Gay". NewNowNext. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
31. ^ a b c Cavna, Michael (March 27, 2020). "'Steven Universe' creator says farewell, knowing her show made young LGBTQ+ viewers feel seen". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
32. ^ Romano, Nick (September 6, 2019). "How The Bravest Knight is turning the tide for LGBTQ kids programming". EW. Archived from the original on June 5, 2020. Retrieved February 15, 2020.
33. ^ Holloway, Daniel (March 18, 2020). "'Steven Universe' Creator Looks Back on Her Groundbreaking Series as It Comes to a Close". Variety. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved April 12, 2020.
34. ^ Cavna, Michael (September 18, 2018). "'Steven Universe' creator illuminates the power of personal work — including LGBTQ representation". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
35. ^ O'Rourke, Jill (October 11, 2018). "The Erasure Of LGBTQ Characters In Children's Media Goes Beyond Bert And Ernie". A Plus. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
36. ^ a b Romano, Nick (August 13, 2018). "Steven Universe creator has done more for LGBTQ visibility than you might know". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
37. ^ Cao, Caroline (July 13, 2018). "'Steven Universe': 5 Ways This Kids Show Was Queer Before Its Lesbian Kiss". IndieWire. Archived from the original on December 31, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
38. ^ Henderson, Taylor (July 11, 2018). "Steven Universe Makes LGBT History with Same-Sex Wedding". Pride.com. Archived from the original on November 3, 2019. Retrieved April 21, 2020.
39. ^ Romano, Nick (August 22, 2018). "From Steven Universe to Voltron: The fight to bring LGBTQ characters to kids' shows". EW. Archived from the original on July 7, 2019. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
40. ^ Pulliam-Moore, Charles (September 4, 2018). "Adventure Time's Producer Was Concerned Queer Representation Might Draw 'Too Much Attention'". Gizmodo. Archived from the original on November 2, 2019. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
41. ^ Swift, Andy (September 3, 2018). "Adventure Time Finale: EP Breaks Down Multiple Endings, Talks Future of Ooo". TVLine. Archived from the original on March 30, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2020.
42. ^ Johnson, Kjerstin (October 4, 2011). "Adventure Time Gay Subtext: "Spicy" or Adorbz?". Bitch. Archived from the original on March 27, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
43. ^ Rude, Mey Valdivia (March 11, 2014). ""Marceline and The Scream Queens" is Punk Rock and Precious". Autostraddle. Archived from the original on February 1, 2020. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
44. ^ "Cow and Chicken: Why Cartoon Network Banned and Replaced One Episode". CBR. May 25, 2021. Archived from the original on June 4, 2021. Retrieved November 15, 2021.
45. ^ "Cow and Chicken Was Cartoon Network's Answer to The Ren & Stimpy Show". CBR. May 31, 2021. Archived from the original on November 5, 2021. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
46. ^ a b Thurm, Eric (2016-01-12). "Steven Universe censorship undermines Cartoon Network's LGBTQ progress". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
47. ^ Duffy, Nick (2016-01-05). "Cartoon Network 'censored' intimate lesbian dance from Steven Universe UK broadcast". PinkNews | Latest lesbian, gay, bi and trans news | LGBTQ+ news. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
48. ^ Brittani (2011-09-30). ""Adventure Time"'s Animated Lesbian Subtext Is Too Hot for TV". Autostraddle. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
49. ^ Yahr, Emily (2021-12-03). "Cartoon Network voice actor says series 'Clarence' had to change a scene with two men kissing". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
50. ^ "'Clarence' Almost Featured Cartoon Network's First Gay Kiss". MTV. Retrieved 2024-05-11.
51. ^ Neill, Chris (November 27, 2018). "The prematurely axed Mission Hill was a '90s cartoon ahead of its years". thebrag.com. Archived from the original on April 27, 2020. Retrieved April 26, 2020.
52. ^ Abughazaleh, Zeid (May 11, 2021). "Final Space: Ash Struggles With [SPOILER]'s Death". CBR. Archived from the original on June 19, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
53. ^ Kaldor, David (May 9, 2021). "Review: Final Space "Forgiveness"". BubbleBlabber. Archived from the original on June 19, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
54. ^ "Final Space Season 3 Episode 8 Review". Toonami Squad. 10 May 2021. Archived from the original on May 11, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
55. ^ Gabe Jones (May 11, 2021). "Into Final Thoughts with Olan Rogers - Episode Eight". Into Final Space (Podcast). Apple Podcasts. Archived from the original on June 19, 2021. Retrieved June 19, 2021.
56. ^ Perine, Aaron (September 10, 2021). "Final Space Third And Final Season Coming To Netflix". Comicbook. Archived from the original on September 10, 2021.
57. ^ Sharma, Avneet (August 2, 2019). "'Tuca & Bertie' was here and queer". Xtra Magazine. Retrieved May 17, 2021.
58. ^ Hurwitz, Amanda (July 10, 2022). "Must-See LGBTQ TV: 'Tuca and Bertie' season three premieres tonight, final season of 'Better Call Saul' returns on Monday, and 'What We Do in the Shadows' season four airs on Tuesday!". GLAAD. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
59. ^ "Tiffany Haddish & Ali Wong On 'Tuca & Bertie' & Representation In Animation". Nylon. 2021-08-19. Retrieved 2024-04-06.
60. ^ Hanawalt, Lisa [@lisadraws] (November 2, 2022). "Goodbye to Tuca & Bertie, for now :(" (Tweet). Retrieved November 2, 2022 - via Twitter.
61. ^ Kate Goodacre (June 19, 2012). "Critics Choice Television Awards 2012: The winners in full". Digital Spy. Retrieved July 15, 2012.
62. ^ "Critics' Choice Television Awards". Critics' Choice Awards. May 22, 2013. Archived from the original on June 2, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2013.
63. ^ "Critics' Choice TV Awards 2014: And the nominees are..." Entertainment Weekly. May 28, 2014. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
64. ^ Milligan, Mercedes (December 5, 2023). "Six Animated Series Contend for Critics Choice TV Award". Animation Magazine. Archived from the original on December 7, 2023. Retrieved December 22, 2023.
65. ^ Chuba, Kirsten (January 19, 2018). "GLAAD Media Awards Nominees: Full List". Variety. ISSN 0042-2738. Archived from the original on April 21, 2018. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
66. ^ a b Ramos, Dino-Ray (January 25, 2019). "GLAAD Media Awards Nominations: Love, Simon, Crazy Rich Asians, And Pose Recognized For LGBTQ Inclusion". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on January 25, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2019.
67. ^ a b c Raymos, Dino-Ray (January 28, 2021). "GLAAD Unveils Nominees For 32nd Annual GLAAD Media Awards; Deadline's New Hollywood Podcast Honored With Special Recognition Award". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on January 28, 2021. Retrieved March 3, 2022.
68. ^ a b Complex, Valerie (January 18, 2023). "GLAAD Announces Nominees For The 34th Annual GLAAD Media Awards". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on January 18, 2023. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
69. ^ Complex, Valerie (January 18, 2023). "GLAAD Announces Nominees For The 34th Annual GLAAD Media Awards". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 18, 2023.
70. ^ a b Swift, Andy. "GLAAD Media Award Nominations: Heartstopper, The Last of Us, RuPaul's Drag Race and More — See Full List". TVLine. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
71. ^ "Judith Light, Wilson Cruz Honored at GLAAD Media Awards 2022". May 7, 2022. Archived from the original on May 7, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2022.
72. ^ Gardner, Chris; Howard, Annie (January 8, 2020). "GLAAD Media Awards: Booksmart, Bombshell, Rocketman Among Nominees". The Hollywood Reporter. Eldridge Industries. ISSN 0018-3660. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
73. ^ Henderson, Taylor (July 24, 2020). "Our Fave Adventure Time Couple Returns for Distant Lands Obsidian". Pride.com. Archived from the original on July 27, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
74. ^ Bodden, Alejandra (July 24, 2020). "Adventure Time: Distant Lands SDCC Panel Previews Next Ep Obsidian". Bleeding Cool. Archived from the original on July 25, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
75. ^ "Nominees for the 32nd Annual GLAAD Media Awards, English-Language Categories". GLAAD. 28 January 2021. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
76. ^ Mitovich, Matt Webb (2021-04-09). "GLAAD Media Awards 2021: Star Trek: Discovery, I May Destroy You and Schitt's Creek Among TV's Winners". TVLine. Retrieved 9 April 2021.
77. ^ Ramos, Dino-Ray (March 28, 2019). "GLAAD Media Awards: Love, Simon, Vida And Queer Eye Among Honorees At LA Ceremony". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on March 29, 2019. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
78. ^ "Kidscreen Awards 2021 Nominees Announced". License Global. November 25, 2020. Archived from the original on February 3, 2021. Retrieved November 25, 2020.
79. ^ "Kidscreen Awards 2021 winners". Kidscreen. February 9, 2021. Archived from the original on February 10, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
80. ^ "Character Facts of the Week: BMO from Adventure Time". Cartoon Network (UK and Ireland). November 22, 2012. Archived from the original on July 29, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2020.
81. ^ Curda, Glory (June 26, 2020). "Sup! Somewhere between 11-13. -G". Reddit. Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2020. This was part of a Reddit discussion titled "Adam, Glory and Niki here – ask us anything!" G stands for Glory Curda.
82. ^ "Watch Adventure Time: Distant Lands". HBO Max. May 26, 2020. Archived from the original on May 29, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2020.
83. ^ In a Reddit Q&A, Curda considered this one of her favorite moments in the episode.
84. ^ Curda, Glory [@GloryCurda] (June 26, 2020). "yes!! this!! this is something that really stuck out to me in playing Y5. i think Y5's story has a lot of subtext and is very representative of that bigger act of coming out into your own + defining yourself in your own terms WHATEVER they may be. i really hope viewers feel that" (Tweet). Archived from the original on June 27, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2020 - via Twitter.

### Sources[edit]

* Where We Are on TV Report: 2012–2013 (PDF) (Report). GLAAD. 2012. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-03-26. Retrieved March 11, 2020.
* Where We Are on TV Report: 2015-2016 (PDF) (Report). GLAAD. June 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-02-15. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
* Where We Are on TV Report: 2019-2020 (PDF) (Report). GLAAD. 2019. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-04-08. Retrieved April 21, 2020.

* v
* t
* e

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender fiction

LGBT writers

Awards|

* Triangle Awards
* Lambda Literary Award
* Stonewall Book Award
* Bisexual Book Awards
* Blue Metropolis Violet Prize
* Dayne Ogilvie Prize
* Gaylactic Spectrum Awards

Festivals|

* Gaylaxicon SF convention
* Film festivals
* Naked Heart
* Saints and Sinners
* Violet Metropolis

By Country|

* Ecuador
* El Salvador
* Iceland

By media|

| Gay literature and media|

* Bara
* Early gay novels
* Pulp fiction
* Slash fiction
* Omegaverse
* Teen fiction
* Yaoi
* Danmei
* Pornography
* Media portrayals

|

Lesbian literature and media|

* List of lesbian fiction
* Class S
* Erotica
* Femslash
* Pulp fiction
* Pornography
* Yuri
* Media portrayals

Transgender literature and media|

* List of transgender publications
* Media portrayals
* Pornography

Other literature and media|

* Bisexual
* Intersex
* Bisexual pornography
* Media portrayals of bisexuality

LGBT themes|

* Homoeroticism
* Comics
* Horror
* Mythology
* Speculative fiction
* list
* Video games
* Anime and manga

LGBT characters|

| By medium|

* Modern written fiction
* Animated films
* Animation
* 1960s–1980s
* 1990s
* 1990–94
* 1995–99
* 2000s
* 2000–04
* 2005–09
* 2010s
* 2010–14
* 2015–19
* 2020s
* 2020–present
* Graphic art
* Soap operas
* Webcomics
* Video games
* 2010s
* 2020s

|

By identity|

* Asexual
* Aromantic
* Bisexual
* in animation
* Gay
* in animation
* Intersex
* Lesbian
* in animation
* Non-binary
* Pansexual
* Transgender

Television
and radio|

| By genre|

* Comedy
* TV film
* Children's TV programming
* Radio and podcast
* Drama
* 1960s–2000s
* 2010–2015
* 2016–2019
* 2020s
* Horror

|

* Shows
* Episodes
* Characters
* lesbian
* gay
* bisexual
* transgender
* intersex

Animation on|

* Cartoon Network
* Disney
* Netflix
* Nickelodeon

Film|

* LGBT films
* directed by women
* by storyline
* by year
* LGBT characters
* Intersex

History|

* Animated series
* Western animation
* 1990s
* 2000s
* 2010s
* 2020s
* History of homosexuality in American film

Other|

* Media portrayal of asexuality
* Media portrayal of pansexuality
* Non-binary characters in fiction
* Intersex characters in fiction
* Gay characters in fiction
* cross-dressing characters

* LGBT portal
* Category

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template