1998 in spaceflight

A Proton-K launches Zarya, the first module of the International Space Station

Orbital launches
First| 7 January
Last| 30 December
Total| 82
Successes| 75
Failures| 5
Partial failures| 2
Catalogued| 77
National firsts
Satellite|  Egypt
Chile
Space traveller|  Spain
Rockets
Maiden flights| Athena II
Delta II 7326
Delta II 7420
Delta II 7425
Delta III
Shtil'
Retirements| Atlas II
Titan IVA
Crewed flights
Orbital| 7
Total travellers| 39

* v
* t
* e

This article outlines notable events occurring in 1998 in spaceflight, including major launches and EVAs.

## Zarya launch

[edit]

This paragraph is an excerpt from Zarya (ISS module) § Launch and flight.[edit]

Zarya was launched on 20 November 1998 on a Russian Proton rocket from Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81 in Kazakhstan to a 400 km (250 mi) high orbit with a designed lifetime of at least 15 years. After Zarya reached orbit, STS-88 launched on 4 December 1998 to attach the Unity module.

Although only designed to fly autonomously for six to eight months, Zarya was required to do so for almost two years due to delays to the Russian Service Module, Zvezda. Zvezda was finally launched on 12 July 2000, docking with Zarya on 26 July 2000.

* v
* t
* e

Timeline of spaceflight

* Spaceflight before 1951

1950s|

* 1950
* 1951
* 1952
* 1953
* 1954
* 1955
* 1956
* 1957
* 1958
* 1959

1960s|

* 1960
* 1961
* 1962
* 1963
* 1964
* 1965
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969

1970s|

* 1970
* 1971
* 1972
* 1973
* 1974
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979

1980s|

* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
* 1983
* 1984
* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989

1990s|

* 1990
* 1991
* 1992
* 1993
* 1994
* 1995
* 1996
* 1997
* 1998
* 1999

2000s|

* 2000
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

2010s|

* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018
* 2019

2020s|

* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024
* 2025
* 2026
* 2027
* 2028
* 2029

* Future

## Orbital launches

[edit]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks

### January

[edit]

7 January
02:28  | Athena II |  | Spaceport Florida LC-46 | Lockheed Martin
Lunar Prospector | NASA | Selenocentric | Lunar orbiter | 31 July 1999 | Successful
Maiden flight of Athena II, first orbital launch from Spaceport Florida
10 January
00:32  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B | Boeing IDS
Skynet 4D | MoD | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational
22 January
12:56  | Shavit |  | Palmachim | ISA
Ofeq-4 |  | Intended: Low Earth (retrograde)  | Reconnaissance | 22 January | Launch Failure
Second stage failure
23 January
02:48  | Space Shuttle Endeavour |  | Kennedy LC-39A | United Space Alliance
STS-89 | NASA  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Shuttle-Mir Program | 31 January
16:57 | Successful
SpaceHab Logistics Double Module | NASA/SpaceHab | Low Earth (Endeavour)  | Logistics
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
29 January
16:33  | Soyuz-U |  | Baikonur Site 1/5 | Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-27 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Mir EO-25 | 25 August
05:24 | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
29 January
18:37  | Atlas IIA |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-36A |
USA-137 (SDS-3-1)  | NRO | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Operational
NRO Launch 5

### February

[edit]

4 February
23:29  | Ariane 4 44LP  |  | Kourou ELA-2 | Arianespace
Brazilsat B3 | Embratel | Geostationary | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Inmarsat 3F5 | Inmarsat | Geostationary  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
10 February
13:20  | Taurus 2210  |  | Vandenberg LC-576E | Orbital Sciences
GFO | US Navy  | Low Earth  | Radar altimetry | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm G1 | Orbcomm | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm G2 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Celestis-02 | Celestis | Low Earth  | Space burial | In orbit | Successful
14 February
14:34  | Delta II 7420-10C  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17A | Boeing IDS
Globalstar 1 | Globalstar | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Globalstar 4 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Globalstar 2 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Globalstar 3 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Maiden flight of Delta II 7420
17 February
10:34  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 31/6 |
Kosmos 2349 (Yantar)  |  | Low Earth  | Cartography | 2 April | Successful
18 February
13:58  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W | Boeing IDS
Iridium 52 | Iridium | Low Earth  | Communications | 5 November 2018[1] | Successful
Iridium 56 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 October 2018[2] | Successful
Iridium 54 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 May 2019[3] | Successful
Iridium 50 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 23 September 2018[4] | Successful
Iridium 53 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 30 September 2018[5] | Successful
21 February
07:55  | H-II |  | Tanegashima LA-Y | NASDA
Kakehashi (COMETS)  | NASDA  | Intended: Geosynchronous
Actual: Medium Earth | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Upper stage failure led to lower orbit than planned
26 February
07:07  | Pegasus-XL |  | Stargazer, Vandenberg  | Orbital Sciences
SNOE | NASA/UC Boulder | Low Earth  | Nitric Oxide research | 13 December 2003 | Successful
Teledesic 1 | Teledesic | Low Earth  | Communications | 9 October 2000 | Successful
27 February
22:38  | Ariane 4 42P  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Hot Bird 4 | Eutelsat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
28 February
00:21  | Atlas IIAS |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-36B | International Launch Services
Intelsat 806 | Intelsat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### March

[edit]

14 March
22:45  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-38 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 15 May | Successful
VDU 2 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Mir attitude control unit | 23 March 2001
05:50 | Successful
16 March
21:32  | Atlas II |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-36A  |
USA-138 (UHF F/O F8)  | US Navy  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Final flight of baseline Atlas II
24 March
01:46  | Ariane 4 40  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
SPOT 4 | CNES | Sun-synchronous | Earth Imaging | In orbit | Operational
25 March
17:01  | Long March 2C |  | Taiyuan LC-1  |
Iridium 51 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 61 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 23 July 2019[6] | Successful
30 March
06:02  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 55 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 31 March 2019[7] | Successful
Iridium 57 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 58 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 7 April 2019[8] | Successful
Iridium 59 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 11 March 2019[9] | Successful
Iridium 60 | Iridium | Low Earth | Communications | 17 March 2019[10] | Successful

### April

[edit]

2 April
02:42  | Pegasus-XL |  | Stargazer, Vandenberg  | Orbital Sciences
TRACE | NASA  | Low Earth  | Solar research | In orbit | Operational
7 April
02:13  | Proton-K/DM2 |  | Baikonur Site 81/23 | International Launch Services
Iridium 62 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 7 November 2018[11] | Successful
Iridium 63 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 64 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 1 April 2019[12] | Successful
Iridium 65 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 19 July 2018[13] | Successful
Iridium 66 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 23 August 2018[14] | Successful
Iridium 67 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 2 July 2018[15] | Successful
Iridium 68 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 6 June 2018[16] | Successful
17 April
18:19  | Space Shuttle  Columbia |  | Kennedy LC-39B | United Space Alliance
STS-90 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Microgravity research | 3 May
16:09 | Successful
Spacelab LM-2 (Neurolab)  | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Life science research
EDO Pallet | NASA  | Low Earth (Columbia)  | Cryogenic mission duration extension pallet
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts
Final flight of Spacelab Long Module No. 2
24 April
22:38  | Delta II 7420-10C  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17A  | Boeing IDS
Globalstar 14 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Globalstar 6 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Globalstar 15 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Globalstar 8 | Globalstar  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
28 April
22:53  | Ariane 4 44P  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Nilesat 101 | Nilesat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
BSAT-1B | BSAT | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Nilesat is the first Egyptian satellite
29 April
04:36  | Proton-K/DM-2 |  | Baikonur Site 200/39 | RVSN
Kosmos 2350 (Prognoz SPRN)  | RVSN  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### May

[edit]

2 May
09:16  | Long March 2C  |  | Taiyuan LC-1  |
Iridium 69 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 71 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
7 May
08:53  | Molniya-M |  | Plesetsk Site 16/2 |
Kosmos 2351 (Oko)  | MO RF | Molniya  | Early Warning | In orbit | Operational
7 May
23:45  | Proton-K/DM-2M |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | International Launch Services
EchoStar 4 | EchoStar | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
9 May
01:38  | Titan IVB 401/Centaur |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-40 | Lockheed Martin
USA-139 / Orion 4 | NRO  | Geosynchronous  | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational
NROL-6 mission.
13 May
15:52  | Titan 23G |  | Vandenberg SLC-4W | Lockheed Martin
NOAA-15 (NOAA-K)  | NOAA | Sun-synchronous  | Weather satellite | In orbit | Operational
14 May
22:12  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-39 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 29 October
04:14 | Successful
17 May
21:16  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 70 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 October 2018[17] | Successful
Iridium 72 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 14 May 2018[18] | Successful
Iridium 73 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 74 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 11 June 2017[19] | Successful
Iridium 75 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 10 July 2018[20] | Successful
30 May
10:00  | Long March 3B |  | Xichang LC-2  |
Zhongwei 1 (ChinaStar 1)  | COTSC | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### June

[edit]

2 June
22:06  | Space Shuttle  Discovery |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-91 | NASA  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Shuttle-Mir flight | 12 June
18:00 | Successful
SpaceHab Logistics Double Module  | NASA/SpaceHab  | Low Earth (Discovery)  | Logistics
AMS-01 | ESA | Low Earth (Discovery)  | Particle physics
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts, landing with seven
Final Shuttle-Mir flight and first shuttle flight with Super-lightweight Aluminium/Lithium ET
10 June
00:35  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17A  | Boeing IDS
Thor 3 | Telenor | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
15 June
22:58  | Tsyklon-3 |  | Plesetsk Site 32 |
Kosmos 2352 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Kosmos 2353 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Kosmos 2354 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Kosmos 2355 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Kosmos 2356 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Kosmos 2357 (Strela-3)  | MO RF  | Intended: Medium Earth
Actual: Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Partial Failure
Third stage failure left satellites in lower orbit than planned
18 June
22:48  | Atlas IIAS  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-36A  | International Launch Services
Intelsat 805 | Intelsat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 June
18:29  | Soyuz-U  |  | Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
Kosmos 2358 (Yantar)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | 22 October | Successful
25 June
14:00  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 31/6 |
Kosmos 2359 (Yantar)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Reconnaissance | 12 July 1999 | Successful

### July

[edit]

1 July
00:48  | Molniya-M  |  | Plesetsk Site 43/3  |
Molniya 3–49 | MOM | Molniya  | Communications | 2 February 2011 | Successful
3 July
18:12  | M-V |  | Uchinoura  | ISAS
Nozomi (PLANET-B)  | ISAS  | Intended: Areocentric
Actual: Heliocentric | Mars orbiter | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
Gravity assist produced less velocity than expected, spacecraft ran out of fuel trying to compensate
7 July
03:15  | Shtil' |  | Novomoskovsk (K-407), Barents Sea  |
Tubsat-N | TUB | Low Earth  | Communications | 23 April 2002 | Successful
Tubsat-N1 | TUB  | Low Earth  | Communications | 21 October 2000 | Successful
Shtil 1 | Makeev | Low Earth  | Measure carrier rocket performance | 8 May 2014 | Successful
Maiden flight of Shtil' and first orbital launch from a submarine
10 July
06:30  | Zenit-2 |  | Baikonur Site 45/1 |
Resurs-O1 4 |  | Low Earth  | Remote sensing | In orbit | Operational
Fasat-Bravo | FACh | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
TMSAT |  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Gurwin Techsat 1B | Technion | Low Earth  | Technology development | In orbit | Operational
WESTPAC | WPLTN | Low Earth  | Laser tracking | In orbit | Operational
SAFIR-2 | DLR  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Fasat-Bravo is the first successful Chilean satellite
18 July
09:20  | Long March 3B |  | Xichang LC-2  |
Sinosat-1 | SinoSat | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
28 July
09:15  | Zenit-2  |  | Baikonur Site 45/1  |
Kosmos 2360 (Tselina-2)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | SIGINT | In orbit | Operational

### August

[edit]

2 August
16:24  | Pegasus-XL/HAPS |  | Stargazer, Wallops Flight Facility | Orbital Sciences
Orbcomm B5 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm B6 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm B7 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm B8 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm B4 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | 22 December 2018
07:12 | Successful
Orbcomm B3 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm B2 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm B1 | Orbcomm | Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Operational
The decommissioned Orbcomm B4 satellite disintegrated into 34 pieces in 2018; the cause is under investigation as of January 2019[21]
12 August
11:30  | Titan IVA 401/Centaur  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 | Lockheed Martin
Mercury-3 |  | Intended: Geosynchronous  | ELINT | 12 August
T+40 seconds | Launch Failure
Final flight of Titan IVA
Control lost after guidance system malfunction; Range Safety self-destruct
13 August
09:43  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Soyuz TM-28 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Mir EO-26 | 28 February 1999
02:14 | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with three cosmonauts
19 August
23:01  | Long March 2C  |  | Taiyuan LC-1  |
Iridium 3 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 8 February 2018[22] | Successful
Iridium 76 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 28 August 2018[23] | Successful
25 August
23:07  | Ariane 4 44P  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
ST-1 | Singapore Telecom/Chunghwa Telecom | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
27 August
01:17  | Delta III 8930  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B  | Boeing IDS
Galaxy 10 | PanAmSat | Intended: Geosynchronous  | Communications | 27 August
T+75 seconds | Launch Failure
Maiden flight of Delta III
Hydraulic failure in thrust vectoring system led to range safety self-destruct
30 August
00:31  | Proton-K/DM-2M  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | International Launch Services
Astra 2A | SES | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
31 August
03:07  | Taepodong-1 |  | Musudan-ri |
Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 | Chongon | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications | 31 August | Launch Failure
First North Korean orbital launch attempt; Never achieved orbit due to a suspected third stage failure

### September

[edit]

8 September
21:13  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 82 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Iridium 81 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 17 July 2018[24] | Successful
Iridium 80 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 12 August 2018[25] | Successful
Iridium 79 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 29 November 2000 | Spacecraft Failure
Iridium 77  | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 22 September 2017[26] | Spacecraft Failure
9 September
20:29  | Zenit-2  |  | Baikonur Site 45/1  |
Globalstar 5 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications | 9 September | Launch Failure
Globalstar 7 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 9 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 10 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 11 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 12 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 13 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 16 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 17 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 18 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 20 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Globalstar 21 | Globalstar  | Intended: Low Earth  | Communications
Computer error caused premature second stage cutout
16 September
06:31  | Ariane 4 44LP  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
PanAmSat 7 | PanAmSat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
23 September
05:06  | Pegasus-XL/HAPS  |  | Stargazer, Wallops Island  | Orbital Sciences
Orbcomm C1 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C2 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C3 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C4 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C5 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C6 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C7 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Orbcomm C8 | Orbcomm  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
28 September
23:41  | Molniya-M  |  | Plesetsk Site 43/3  |
Molniya-1T | MOM  | Molniya  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### October

[edit]

3 October
10:04  | Taurus 1110  |  | Vandenberg LC-576E  | Orbital Sciences
STEX | NRO  | Low Earth  | Technology research | In orbit | Partial satellite failure
USA-141 (ATeX)  | NRO  | Low Earth  | Technology research | In orbit | Satellite failure
ATeX failed to deploy fully and was jettisoned from STEX on 16 January 1999 to protect the main spacecraft
5 October
22:51  | Ariane 4 44L  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Eutelsat W2 | Eutelsat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
Sirius 3 | NSAB | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
9 October
22:50  | Atlas IIA  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-36B  | International Launch Services
Hot Bird 5 | Eutelsat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
20 October
07:19  | Atlas IIA  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-36A  |
USA-140 (UHF F/O F9)  | US Navy  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
21 October
16:37  | Ariane 5G |  | Kourou ELA-3 | Arianespace
Maqsat 3 | ESA  | Geosynchronous transfer | Monitor rocket performance | In orbit | Successful
ARD | ESA  | Suborbital  | Spacecraft recovery demonstration | 21 October | Successful
ARD recovered in Pacific Ocean by French Navy
23 October
00:02  | Pegasus-H |  | Stargazer, Cape Canaveral  | Orbital Sciences
SCD-2 | INPE  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 October
21:13  | Delta II 7326-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17A  | Boeing IDS
Deep Space 1 | NASA  | Heliocentric  | Asteroid/Comet probe | In orbit | Successful
SEDSAT-1 | Alabama | Low Earth  | Amateur radio | In orbit | Operational
Maiden flight of Delta II 7326
Deep Space 1 performed flybys of 1992 KD and 19P/Borrelly
25 October
04:14  | Soyuz-U  |  | Baikonur Site 1/5  | Roskosmos
Progress M-40 | Roskosmos  | Low Earth (Mir)  | Logistics | 5 February 1999
11:10 | Successful
Sputnik-41 | ACF/AMSAT/RuAF | Low Earth  | Amateur radio | 11 January 1999 | Successful
Sputnik-41 deployed from Mir during an EVA on 10 November
28 October
22:15  | Ariane 4 44L  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
AfriStar | 1worldspace | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
GE 5 | GE Americom | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
29 October
19:19  | Space Shuttle Discovery |  | Kennedy LC-39B  | United Space Alliance
STS-95 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Microgravity research | 7 November
17:03 | Successful
SpaceHab Single Module | NASA/SpaceHab  | Low Earth (Discovery)  | Scientific research
SPARTAN-201 | NASA  | Low Earth  | Solar observation
PANSAT (PO-34)  | US Navy  | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | In orbit | Operational
Crewed orbital flight with seven astronauts including the first Spanish space traveller (Pedro Duque) and the oldest person to fly in space (John Glenn)
PANSAT deployed on 30 October; SPARTAN deployed on 1 November and retrieved on 3 November

### November

[edit]

4 November
05:12  | Proton-K/DM-2M  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | International Launch services
PanAmSat 8 | PanAmSat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
6 November
13:37  | Delta II 7920-10C  |  | Vandenberg SLC-2W  | Boeing IDS
Iridium 2 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | In orbit | Spacecraft failure
Iridium 86 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 5 October 2018[27] | Successful
Iridium 85 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 30 December 2000 | Spacecraft failure
Iridium 84 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 4 November 2018[28] | Successful
Iridium 83 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 5 November 2018[29] | Successful
20 November
05:12  | Proton-K  |  | Baikonur Site 81/23  | Roskosmos
Zarya | NASA/Roskosmos  | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS module | In orbit | Operational
First launch of the International Space Station programme
22 November
23:54  | Delta II 7925-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17B  | Boeing IDS
BONUM-1 | Telenor | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational

### December

[edit]

4 December
08:35  | Space Shuttle Endeavour |  | Kennedy LC-39A  | United Space Alliance
STS-88 | NASA  | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS assembly | 16 December
04:53 | Successful
Unity (Node 1)  | NASA  | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS module | In orbit | Operational
PMA-1 | NASA  | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS component | In orbit | Operational
PMA-2 | NASA  | Low Earth (ISS)  | ISS component | In orbit | Operational
SAC-A | CONAE | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 25 October 1999 | Successful
MightySat 1 | US Air Force  | Low Earth  | Technology demonstration | 21 November 1999 | Successful
Crewed orbital flight with six astronauts
First crewed flight to the International Space Station
SAC-A deployed on 14 December and MightySat on 15 December
6 December
00:43  | Ariane 4 42L  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
Satmex 5 | Satmex | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
6 December
00:57  | Pegasus-XL  |  | Stargazer, Vandenberg  | Orbital Sciences
SWAS | NASA  | Low Earth  | Astronomy | In orbit | Operational
10 December
11:57  | Kosmos-3M |  | Plesetsk Site 132/1 |
Nadezhda 5 | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Astrid-2 | SSC  | Low Earth  | Aurora research | In orbit | Operational
11 December
18:45  | Delta II 7425-9.5  |  | Cape Canaveral SLC-17A  | Boeing IDS
Mars Climate Orbiter | NASA  | Intended: Areocentric
Actual: Heliocentric  | Mars orbiter | 23 September 1999 | Spacecraft failure
Maiden flight of Delta II 7425
MCO crashed into Mars during orbital inserition due to error in unit conversions between Metric and Imperial
19 December
11:39  | Long March 2C  |  | Taiyuan LC-1  |
Iridium 20 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 22 October 2018[30] | Successful
Iridium 11 | Iridium  | Low Earth  | Communications | 22 October 2018[31] | Successful
22 December
01:08  | Ariane 4 42L  |  | Kourou ELA-2  | Arianespace
PAS-6B | PanAmSat  | Geosynchronous  | Communications | In orbit | Operational
24 December
20:02  | Kosmos-3M  |  | Plesetsk Site 132/1  |
Kosmos 2361 (Parus)  | MO RF  | Low Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
30 December
18:35  | Proton-K/DM-2  |  | Baikonur Site 200/39  |
Kosmos 2362 (GLONASS)  | MOM  | Medium Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2363 (GLONASS)  | MOM  | Medium Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational
Kosmos 2364 (GLONASS)  | MOM  | Medium Earth  | Navigation | In orbit | Operational

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Suborbital launches

[edit]

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

Date and time (UTC)  | Rocket | Flight number  | Launch site | LSP

|
|
|
|

| Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)  | Operator  | Orbit | Function  | Decay (UTC)  | Outcome
Remarks

### January

[edit]

16 January
03:25  | Minuteman II |  | Vandenberg LF-03  | US Air Force
MSLS IFT-2 | US Air Force  | Suborbital | ABM target | 16 January | Successful
16 January
03:46  | Payload Launch Vehicle |  | Meck Island | US Air Force/Orbital Sciences
EKV | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM interceptor | 16 January | Successful
25 January
08:35  | S-310 |  | Uchinoura Pad K  | ISAS
SEEK | ISAS  | Suborbital  | Ozone/Aeronomy research | 25 January | Successful
26 January
12:26  | Nike Orion |  | Esrange | SSC
MERMAID | SSC/DLR | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 26 January | Successful
31 January
04:30  | S-520 |  | Uchinoura Pad K  | ISAS
XUV Doppler Telescope | ISAS  | Suborbital  | Solar observation | 31 January | Successful
31 January
23:43  | VS-30 |  | Andøya | INPE
AL-VS30-229 | DLR  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 31 January | Successful

### February

[edit]

5 February
08:30  | S-520  |  | Uchinoura Pad K  | ISAS
| ISAS  | Suborbital  | Plasma research | 5 February | Successful
7 February
07:40  | Skylark VII |  | Esrange Pad S  | SSC
TEXUS 36 | SSC  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 7 February | Successful
10 February | Trident C-4 |  | Submarine, Eastern Range | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 February | Successful
10 February | Trident C-4  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 February | Successful
10 February | Trident C-4  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 February | Successful
10 February | Trident C-4  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 February | Successful
11 February
09:42  | Nike-Orion  |  | Esrange  | DLR
Texus-5 | DLR  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 11 February | Successful
19 February | R-29 |  | Submarine, Barents Sea | Russian Navy
| Russian Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 19 February | Successful
19 February | R-29  |  | Submarine, Barents Sea  | Russian Navy
| Russian Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 19 February | Successful
20 February
00:09  | Black Brant VC |  | Arecibo | NASA
Coqui Dos SAL | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 20 February | Successful
20 February
00:37  | Black Brant VC  |  | Arecibo  | NASA
Coqui Dos | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 20 February | Successful
20 February
08:23  | Minuteman III |  | Vandenberg LF-04  | US Air Force
FOT GT166GM | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 20 February | Failure
25 February
03:17  | Black Brant VC  |  | Arecibo  | NASA
Coqui Dos  | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 25 February | Successful
25 February
07:43  | Taurus-Orion  |  | Arecibo  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 25 February | Successful
25 February
07:50  | Terrier-Orion |  | Arecibo  | NASA
EDDY | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 25 February | Successful

### March

[edit]

3 March
22:33  | Nike-Orion  |  | Esrange  | SSC
NLTE-1 Atomic 2A | SSC  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 3 March | Successful
6 March
21:26  | Nike-Orion  |  | Esrange  | SSC
NLTE-2 Atomic 2B | SSC  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 3 March | Successful
7 March
01:33  | Black Brant VC  |  | Arecibo  | NASA
Coqui Dos  | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 7 March | Successful
7 March | Trident D-5 |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 7 March | Successful
7 March | Trident D-5  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 7 March | Successful
10 March | Trident D-5  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 March | Successful
10 March | Trident D-5  |  | Submarine, Eastern Range  | US Navy
| US Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 March | Successful
11 March
23:39  | Black Brant IX |  | Arecibo  | NASA
Coqui Dos LaTuR | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 11 March | Successful
21 March | VS-40 |  | Alcântara | INPE
| INPE  | Suborbital  | Test sounding rocket | 21 March | Successful
25 March
01:45  | Black Brant VC  |  | Arecibo  | NASA
Coqui Dos  | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 25 March | Successful

### April

[edit]

6 April | Ghauri |  | Tilla | PAF
| PAF  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 6 April | Successful
Maiden flight of Ghauri
6 April | RH-560/200 MK II |  | Sriharikota | ISRO
| ISRO  | Suborbital  | Aeronomy research | 6 April | Successful
15 April | R-36M2 |  | Baikonur  | RVSN
| RVSN/ISC Kosmotras | Suborbital  | Missile test | 15 April | Successful
Part of Dnepr development programme
17 April
18:05  | Strypi |  | Pacific Missile Range | Sandia
Red Crow | BMDO | Suborbital  | Technology development | 17 April | Successful
18 April
04:00  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 18 April | Successful
18 April
07:30  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet astronomy | 18 April | Successful
28 April
12:10  | Black Brant IXB |  | SpacePort Canada | Akjuit Aerospace
ACTIVE | CSA | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 28 April | Successful
First and only launch conducted by Akjuit Aerospace. Final launch from the SpacePort Canada (Churchill Rocket Research Range) site.

### May

[edit]

7 May
10:30  | Peacekeeper |  | Vandenberg LF-05  | US Air Force
| US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 7 May | Successful
12 May
11:22  | Hera |  | White Sands LC-94  | US Air Force
| US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM Target | 12 May | Successful
12 May
11:25  | THAAD |  | White Sands  | US Air Force
| US Air Force  | Suborbital  | ABM Interceptor | 12 May | Failure
22 May
06:22  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
NITE  | NASA  | Suborbital  | Infrared astronomy | 22 May | Successful

### June

[edit]

3 June
19:57  | Minuteman III  |  | Vandenberg LF-26  | US Air Force
FOT GT167GB | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 3 June | Successful
11 June
01:00  | KSR-II |  | Anhueng | KARI
| KARI  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research
X-ray astronomy | 11 June | Successful
16 June
14:19  | Nike-Orion  |  | Wallops Island | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Test sounding rocket | 16 June | Successful
24 June
08:01  | Minuteman III  |  | Vandenberg LF-09  | US Air Force
GRP-IDF-1 | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 24 June | Successful
24 June
12:46  | Minuteman III  |  | Vandenberg LF-10  | US Air Force
FOT GT168GM | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 24 June | Successful

### July

[edit]

22 July | Shahab-3 |  | Emamshahr |
|  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 22 July | Failure
Maiden flight of Shahab-3

### August

[edit]

15 August
05:30  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
EEV CCD | NASA  | Suborbital  | X-ray astronomy | 15 August | Successful
21 August | R-29  |  | Submarine, Barents Sea  | Russian Navy
| Russian Navy  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 21 August | Successful

### September

[edit]

16 September
11:10  | Topol |  | Plesetsk Site 158 | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 16 September | Successful
18 September
08:01  | Minuteman III  |  | Vandenberg LF-26  | US Air Force
GRP-IDF-2 | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 18 September | Successful
18 September
15:00  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
SOAREX-1 | NASA  | Suborbital  | Hypersonic dynamics test | 18 September | Successful
21 September
14:51  | RH-560/300 MK II |  | Sriharikota  | ISRO
DEOS F06 | ISRO/DLR  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 21 September | Successful
24 September
12:50  | Storm-2 |  | White Sands LC-32  | Orbital Sciences
MTTV | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Target | 24 September | Successful
MTD-3 | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Weapons test | 24 September | Successful
28 September
15:11  | RH-560/300 MK II  |  | Sriharikota  | ISRO
DEOS F07 | ISRO/DLR  | Suborbital  | Ionosphere research | 28 September | Successful

### October

[edit]

7 October
12:00  | UR-100NU  |  | Baikonur  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 7 October | Successful
22 October
12:53  | Topol  |  | Plesetsk Site 158  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 22 October | Failure
Self-destruct activated after rocket went off course

### November

[edit]

2 November
18:20  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
SOPHIE (NCAR/CU-7)  | NASA  | Suborbital  | Ultraviolet solar observation | 2 November | Successful
6 November
01:32  | AIT-1 |  | Kodiak Island | Orbital Sciences
| US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Rocket test | 6 November | Successful
First launch from Kodiak Island
18 November
15:40  | Black Brant IX  |  | White Sands  | NASA
| NASA  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 18 November | Successful
18 November
23:00  | TR-1 |  | Tanegashima LA-T  | NASDA
| NASDA  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 18 November | Successful
20 November | Aries |  | Pacific Missile Range  | US Air Force
TTV-1 | US Air Force  | Suborbital  | Target vehicle | 20 November | Successful
24 November
09:53  | Maxus |  | Esrange  | SSC
| ESA  | Suborbital  | Scientific research | 24 November | Successful

### December

[edit]

3 December
11:04  | Nike-Orion  |  | Esrange  | DLR
Mini-Texus 6 | DLR  | Suborbital  | Microgravity research | 3 December | Successful
8 December
11:25  | Topol  |  | Plesetsk Site 158  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 8 December | Successful
9 December
10:20  | RT-23 |  | Plesetsk  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Test flight | 9 December | Successful
10 December | UR-100NU  |  | Baikonur  | RVSN
| RVSN  | Suborbital  | Missile test | 10 December | Successful
15 December | Sounding Rocket I |  | Jiu Peng Air Base | NSPO
| NSPO  | Suborbital  | Ionospheric research | 15 December | Successful
Apogee: ~280 km (174 mi)

* ← Jan
* Feb
* Mar
* Apr
* May
* Jun
* Jul
* Aug
* Sep
* Oct
* Nov
* Dec →

## Deep-space rendezvous

[edit]

Date (GMT)  | Spacecraft  | Event  | Remarks

|
|
|

11 January | Lunar Prospector | Selenocentric orbit injection
23 January | NEAR | Flyby of the Earth | Closest approach: 540 kilometres (340 mi)
10 February | Galileo | 5th flyby of Europa
29 March | Galileo | 6th flyby of Europa
26 April | Cassini | 1st flyby of Venus | Gravity assist
13 May | AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 comsat | 1st flyby of the Moon | First use of moon's gravity for a recovery mission; Closest approach: 6,200 kilometres (3,900 mi)
31 May | Galileo | 7th flyby of Europa
1 June | AsiaSat 3/HGS 1 | 2nd flyby of the Moon | Closest approach: 34,300 kilometres (21,300 mi)
21 July | Galileo | 8th flyby of Europa
26 September | Galileo | 9th flyby of Europa
22 November | Galileo | 10th flyby of Europa
20 December | Nozomi | 1st flyby of the Earth
23 December | NEAR | Flyby of 433 Eros | Closest approach: 3,827 kilometres (2,378 mi)

## EVAs

[edit]

Start Date/Time  | Duration  | End Time  | Spacecraft  | Crew  | Function  | Remarks

|
|
|
|
|
|

8 January
23:08  | 3 hours
6 minutes  | 9 January
02:14  | Mir EO-24 | Anatoly Solovyev
Pavel Vinogradov | Repaired the damaged airlock sealing system, used the Strela boom to move across Mir and recover an American optical monitoring experiment. Checked the integrity of cable connects to several antennas.[32] |
14 January
21:12  | 3 hours
52 minutes | 15 January
01:04  | Mir EO-24  | Anatoly Solovyev
David Wolf | Continued to make more repairs to the airlock hatch on Kvant-2 and used a handheld photo-reflectometer to inspect the exterior surface of the station.[33] |
1 April
13:35  | 6 hours
40 minutes  | 20:15  | Mir EO-25 | Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin | Installed a set of handrails and one of two-foot restraints on the outside of the Spektr module in preparation for the repair of the damaged solar array.[34] |
6 April
13:35  | 4 hours
15 minutes  | 17:50  | Mir EO-25  | Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin  | Begin repair of the damaged Spektr solar panel. After installing a splint on the frayed panel, the spacewalkers had to quickly return to the airlock to handle a problem with station attitude control.[35] |
11 April
09:55  | 6 Hours
25 minutes  | 16:20  | Mir EO-25  | Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin  | Jettisoned the external thruster engine (VDU) that had been located at the top of the Sofora boom and recover an experiment from the Rapana structure.[36] | Dismantling of the Rapana structure was not completed.[37]
17 April
07:40  | 6 Hours
33 minutes  | 14:13  | Mir EO-25  | Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin  | Removed two structures and secured them to exterior surfaces and repositioned the new thrust engine (VDU) for future use.[37] |
22 April
05:34  | 6 Hours
21 minutes  | 11:55  | Mir EO-25  | Talgat Musabayev
Nikolai Budarin  | Completed installation of the new VDU thruster unit on top of the Sofora boom.[38] |
15 September
20:00  | 30 minutes  | 20:30  | Mir EO-26 | Gennady Padalka
Sergei Avdeyev | Internal spacewalk in the depressurised Spektr module to connect electrical and control cables to the solar array servo motor.[39] |
10 November
19:24  | 5 hours
54 minutes  | 11 November
01:18  | Mir EO-26  | Gennady Padalka
Sergei Avdeyev  | Deployed Sputnik-41, deployed a French "meteorite trap" intended to catch some dust from the upcoming Leonids meteor shower.[40] |
7 December
22:10  | 7 hours
21 minutes  | 8 December
05:31  | STS-88
ISS Endeavour | Jerry L. Ross
James H. Newman | Connected computer and electrical cables between the Unity node, the two mating adapters attached to either end of Unity, and the Zarya Functional Cargo Block (FGB).[41] | First ISS assembly EVA
9 December
20:33  | 7 hours
2 minutes  | 10 December
03:35  | STS-88
ISS Endeavour | Jerry L. Ross
James H. Newman  | Installed two box-like antennas on the outside of the Unity module that are part of the S-band early communications system.[42] |
12 December
20:33  | 6 hours
59 minutes  | 13 December
03:32  | STS-88
ISS Endeavour | Jerry L. Ross
James H. Newman  | Checked on an insulation cover on a cable connection on the lower Pressurized Mating Adapter (PMA-2) to make sure it was fully installed, attached EVA tools on the side of Unity's upper mating adapter (PMA-1) in preparation for future EVAs, and inspected Orbiter Space Vision System targets on Unity.[43] |

## References

[edit]

* Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
* Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
* Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.[dead link]
* Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
* Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report". Archived from the original on 5 October 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
* McDowell, Jonathan. "GCAT Orbital Launch Log".
* Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
* Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
* Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
* Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
* "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
* "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
* "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.[dead link]
* "Space Information Center". JAXA.[dead link]
* "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).

Generic references:

* view
* talk
* edit

Spaceflight portal

### Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ "IRIDIUM 52". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
2. ^ "IRIDIUM 56". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
3. ^ "IRIDIUM 54". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
4. ^ "IRIDIUM 50". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
5. ^ "IRIDIUM 53". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
6. ^ "IRIDIUM 61". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 12 August 2019.
7. ^ "IRIDIUM 55". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
8. ^ "IRIDIUM 58". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
9. ^ "IRIDIUM 59". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 10 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
10. ^ "IRIDIUM 60". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 9 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
11. ^ "IRIDIUM 62". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
12. ^ "IRIDIUM 64". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 31 May 2019.
13. ^ "IRIDIUM 65". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
14. ^ "IRIDIUM 66". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
15. ^ "IRIDIUM 67". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
16. ^ "IRIDIUM 68". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
17. ^ "IRIDIUM 70". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
18. ^ "IRIDIUM 72". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
19. ^ "IRIDIUM 74". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
20. ^ "IRIDIUM 75". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
21. ^ Henry, Caleb (2 January 2019). "FIRST UP Satcom | Orbcomm satellite breaks up • OneWeb denies Russian investment talks". SpaceNews. Archived from the original on 3 February 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2019.
22. ^ "IRIDIUM 03". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
23. ^ "IRIDIUM 76". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
24. ^ "IRIDIUM 81". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
25. ^ "IRIDIUM 80". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
26. ^ "IRIDIUM 77". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
27. ^ "IRIDIUM 86". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
28. ^ "IRIDIUM 84". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
29. ^ "IRIDIUM 83". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
30. ^ "IRIDIUM 20". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
31. ^ "IRIDIUM 11". N2YO.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2019. Retrieved 24 February 2019.
32. ^ van der Berg, Chris (9 January 1998). "MIRNEWS 9 JANUARY 1998 (402)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
33. ^ van der Berg, Chris (16 January 1998). "MIRNEWS 16 JANUARY 1998 (403)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 10 March 2009.
34. ^ van der Berg, Chris (2 April 1998). "MIRNEWS 2 APRIL 1998 (415)". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
35. ^ van der Berg, Chris (7 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.416 7 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
36. ^ van der Berg, Chris (12 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.417 12 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
37. ^ a b van der Berg, Chris (17 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.418 17 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 11 March 2009.
38. ^ van der Berg, Chris (22 April 1998). "MIRNEWS.419 22 APRIL 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
39. ^ van der Berg, Chris (16 September 1998). "MIRNEWS.439 16 SEPTEMBER 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 September 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
40. ^ van der Berg, Chris. "MIRNEWS.446 11 NOVEMBER 1998". MirNews. SpaceOnLine. Archived from the original on 8 October 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
41. ^ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 5 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
42. ^ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 7 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
43. ^ NASA (1998). "STS-88 Day 8 Highlights". NASA. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 6 October 2008.

* v
* t
* e

Timeline of spaceflight

* Spaceflight before 1951

1950s|

* 1950
* 1951
* 1952
* 1953
* 1954
* 1955
* 1956
* 1957
* 1958
* 1959

1960s|

* 1960
* 1961
* 1962
* 1963
* 1964
* 1965
* 1966
* 1967
* 1968
* 1969

1970s|

* 1970
* 1971
* 1972
* 1973
* 1974
* 1975
* 1976
* 1977
* 1978
* 1979

1980s|

* 1980
* 1981
* 1982
* 1983
* 1984
* 1985
* 1986
* 1987
* 1988
* 1989

1990s|

* 1990
* 1991
* 1992
* 1993
* 1994
* 1995
* 1996
* 1997
* 1998
* 1999

2000s|

* 2000
* 2001
* 2002
* 2003
* 2004
* 2005
* 2006
* 2007
* 2008
* 2009

2010s|

* 2010
* 2011
* 2012
* 2013
* 2014
* 2015
* 2016
* 2017
* 2018
* 2019

2020s|

* 2020
* 2021
* 2022
* 2023
* 2024
* 2025
* 2026
* 2027
* 2028
* 2029

* Future

* v
* t
* e

← 1997

Orbital launches in 1998

1999 →

* Lunar Prospector
* Skynet 4D
* Ofek-4
* STS-89
* Soyuz TM-27
* USA-137
* Brasilsat B3
* Inmarsat-3 F5
* Orbcomm FM3
* Orbcomm FM4
* GFO
* Ad Astra
* Globalstar 1
* Globalstar 2
* Globalstar 3
* Globalstar 4
* Kosmos 2349
* Iridium 50
* Iridium 52
* Iridium 53
* Iridium 54
* Iridium 56
* Kakehashi
* SNOE
* Teledesic 1
* Hot Bird 4
* Intelsat 806
* Progress M-38 (VDU-2)
* USA-138
* SPOT 4
* Iridium 51
* Iridium 61
* Iridium 55
* Iridium 57
* Iridium 58
* Iridium 59
* Iridium 60
* TRACE
* Iridium 62
* Iridium 63
* Iridium 64
* Iridium 65
* Iridium 66
* Iridium 67
* Iridium 68
* STS-90
* Globalstar 6
* Globalstar 8
* Globalstar 14
* Globalstar 15
* Nilesat 101
* BSat-1B
* Kosmos 2350
* Iridium 69
* Iridium 71
* Kosmos 2351
* EchoStar IV
* USA-139
* NOAA-15
* Progress M-39
* Iridium 70
* Iridium 72
* Iridium 73
* Iridium 74
* Iridium 75
* Zhongwei 1
* STS-91
* Thor 3
* Kosmos 2352
* Kosmos 2353
* Kosmos 2354
* Kosmos 2355
* Kosmos 2356
* Kosmos 2357
* Intelsat 805
* Kosmos 2358
* Kosmos 2359
* Molniya 3-49
* Nozomi
* Shtil-1
* Tubsat-N
* Tubsat-N1
* Resurs-O1 #4
* Fasat-Bravo
* TMSAT
* Gurwin Techsat 1B
* WESTPAC
* SAFIR-2
* Sinosat-1
* Kosmos 2360
* Orbcomm FM13
* Orbcomm FM14
* Orbcomm FM15
* Orbcomm FM16
* Orbcomm FM17
* Orbcomm FM18
* Orbcomm FM19
* Orbcomm FM20
* Mercury 3
* Soyuz TM-28
* Iridium 3
* Iridium 76
* ST-1
* Galaxy 10
* Astra 2A
* Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1
* Iridium 79
* Iridium 80
* Iridium 81
* Iridium 82
* Globalstar 5
* Globalstar 7
* Globalstar 9
* Globalstar 10
* Globalstar 11
* Globalstar 12
* Globalstar 13
* Globalstar 16
* Globalstar 17
* Globalstar 18
* Globalstar 20
* Globalstar 21
* PAS-7
* Orbcomm FM21
* Orbcomm FM22
* Orbcomm FM23
* Orbcomm FM24
* Orbcomm FM25
* Orbcomm FM26
* Orbcomm FM27
* Orbcomm FM28
* Molniya-1T #99
* STEX (USA-141)
* Eutelsat W2
* Sirius 3
* Hot Bird 5
* USA-140
* Maqsat 3
* Deep Space 1
* SEDSAT-1
* Progress M-40 (Sputnik 41)
* AfriStar
* GE-5
* STS-95 (SPARTAN-201, PANSAT)
* PAS-8
* Iridium 2
* Iridium 83
* Iridium 84
* Iridium 85
* Iridium 86
* Zarya / ISS
* Bonum 1
* STS-88 (Unity, PMA-1
* PMA-2
* SAC-A
* MightySat-1
* Satmex 5
* SWAS
* Nadezhda 5
* Astrid 2
* Mars Climate Orbiter
* Iridium 11
* Iridium 20
* PAS-6B
* Kosmos 2361
* Kosmos 2362
* Kosmos 2363
* Kosmos 2364

Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in underline. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template