Aizawl

Capital city of the Indian state Mizoram

This article is about The municipality in Mizoram, India. For its namesake district, see Aizawl district.

Capital of Mizoram in India

Aizawl

Aijal

Capital of Mizoram

Clockwise from top: aerial view of Aizawl, Solomon's Temple, AR Ground Stadium, terminal of Lengpui Airport, Aizawl Theological College, Falkawn heritage tourism village

Nickname(s):

Zofate Jerusalem[1]
"The Jerusalem of the Zo people"
Zawlkhawpui[2]
"The zawl capital"

Aizawl

Location of Aizawl in India

Show map of Mizoram

Aizawl

Aizawl (India)

Show map of India

Aizawl

Aizawl (Asia)

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Coordinates: 23°43′38″N 92°43′04″E﻿ / ﻿23.72722°N 92.71778°E﻿ / 23.72722; 92.71778
Country|  India
State| Mizoram
District| Aizawl
Government

• Body| Aizawl Municipal Corporation
• Mayor| Lalrinênga Sailo (MNF)
Area

• Total| 129.91 km2 (50.16 sq mi)
Elevation

| 1,132 m (3,714 ft)
Population

(2011)

• Total| 293,416[3]
• Rank| 1st in Mizoram
• Density| 2,253/km2 (5,840/sq mi)
Languages

• Official| Mizo and English
• Additional Spoken| other Kukish languages, Nepali, Bengali.
Time zone| UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN|

796001

Telephone code| 0389
Vehicle registration| MZ-01
Sex ratio| 1025 females per 1000 males ♂/♀[3]
Climate| Cwa
Literacy| 98.36%[3]

Aizawl (English: /aɪˈzɔːl/;[4] Mizo: [ˈaɪ̯.ˈzɔːl] ⓘ, formerly romanised as Aijal) is the capital of the state of Mizoram. It was officially established on 25 February 1890 as Fort Aijal during the British rule.[5] With a population of 293,416,[6] it is the largest city in the state. It is also the centre of administration containing all the important government offices, namely the state's Assembly House and civil secretariat.

## History[edit]

In 1871–72, the disorderly conduct of Khalkom, a Mizo Chief, compelled the British to establish an outpost that later became the Aizawl Village.[7] The post had been established by Suakpuilala, the Chief of Reiek and it was only 14 kilometres from Sairang from where one could travel by flat bottomed boat. In 1890, Officer Dally of the Assam Police and his 400 men arrived at Aizawl to support Colonel Skinner's troops during a British military operation against the Mizo tribals.[citation needed] On Dally's recommendation, Aizawl was selected as the site of a fortified post that Colonel Skinner had been ordered to construct. The troops constructed stockades and buildings at the site.[8] The Indian Air Force carried out air strikes on the town during the March 1966 Mizo National Front uprising, following which the MNF withdrew to Lunglei.[9]

## Geography[edit]

Aizawl is located in north of the Tropic of Cancer in the northern part of Mizoram. It is situated on a ridge 1,132 metres (3715 ft) above sea level, with the Tlawng river valley to its west and the Tuirial river valley to its east.[10]

## Civic Administration[edit]

Aizawl city

The Aizawl Municipal Corporation is the authority of civic administration of Aizawl city.[11] It was formed in 2010 with 19 Members when the Congress-ZNP party coalition was voted to power in the state legislative assembly. The AMC office is being administered by one council chairman, Vice-chairman and three executive members.[12] It consists of 19 elected members representing 19 wards of the city and others appointed by the Governor of Mizoram. One-third of the total membership is reserved for women, these six seats shall be rotated after every five years.[citation needed] The tenure of the council is five years. There is a Ward Committee in every ward that consists of a chairman, who is an elected councillor from that ward, and two members each from all the local council within the ward. There are 78 local councils having a term of five years.[13]

## Demographics[edit]

Religion in Aizawl City (2011)

Religion |  | Percentage
Christianity |

| 93.63%
Hinduism |

| 4.14%
Islam |

| 1.52%
Buddhism |

| 0.45%
Not Stated |

| 0.11%
Others |

| 0.09%
Sikhism |

| 0.03%
Jainism |

| 0.02%

As of 1910, there were 777 army personnel in Aizawl from different parts of North India as well as Nepal. The Gurkha's among the soldiers eventually settled in Aizawl.[14]

As of the 2011 Census of India,[15] Aizawl had a population of 293,416. Females constitute 50.61% of the population and males made up the remaining 49.39%. Mizos from various tribes make up the majority of the population. Christianity forms majority of the city population about 93.63%.[3] Other minority religions include Hinduism 4.14%, Islam 1.52%, Buddhism 0.45%, Others 0.09%, Sikhism 0.03% and Jainism 0.02%.[3] and 0.11% of peoples did not state their religion.[3] [needs update]

## Climate[edit]

Aizawl has a mild, sub-tropical climate due to its location and elevation. Under the Köppen climate classification, Aizawl features a humid subtropical climate (Cwa). In summer, temperatures are moderately warm, averaging around 20–30 °C (68–86 °F). In winter, daytime temperatures are cooler in comparison to the rest of the year, averaging around 11–21 °C (52–70 °F).[16]

Climate data for Aizawl (1981–2010, extremes 1973–2010)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °C (°F)  | 29.5
(85.1)  | 33.8
(92.8)  | 34.6
(94.3)  | 35.5
(95.9)  | 34.2
(93.6)  | 33.6
(92.5)  | 33.2
(91.8)  | 32.2
(90.0)  | 32.7
(90.9)  | 33.1
(91.6)  | 32.8
(91.0)  | 28.5
(83.3)  | 35.5
(95.9)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 23.4
(74.1)  | 24.4
(75.9)  | 27.6
(81.7)  | 28.7
(83.7)  | 28.0
(82.4)  | 27.1
(80.8)  | 26.8
(80.2)  | 27.5
(81.5)  | 27.2
(81.0)  | 27.2
(81.0)  | 26.9
(80.4)  | 23.5
(74.3)  | 26.4
(79.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 11.7
(53.1)  | 13.3
(55.9)  | 16.5
(61.7)  | 17.7
(63.9)  | 19.1
(66.4)  | 19.9
(67.8)  | 20.0
(68.0)  | 20.4
(68.7)  | 19.9
(67.8)  | 19.1
(66.4)  | 16.2
(61.2)  | 12.9
(55.2)  | 17.2
(63.0)
Record low °C (°F)  | 6.1
(43.0)  | 7.3
(45.1)  | 9.6
(49.3)  | 11.7
(53.1)  | 12.2
(54.0)  | 15.2
(59.4)  | 12.0
(53.6)  | 16.2
(61.2)  | 16.7
(62.1)  | 13.5
(56.3)  | 10.0
(50.0)  | 8.0
(46.4)  | 6.1
(43.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches)  | 9.2
(0.36)  | 24.6
(0.97)  | 81.3
(3.20)  | 150.6
(5.93)  | 306.1
(12.05)  | 284.7
(11.21)  | 329.1
(12.96)  | 338.7
(13.33)  | 321.1
(12.64)  | 176.8
(6.96)  | 52.1
(2.05)  | 15.9
(0.63)  | 2,092
(82.36)
Average rainy days  | 0.7  | 2.1  | 4.3  | 8.2  | 13.6  | 17.0  | 18.7  | 19.0  | 14.9  | 9.5  | 2.7  | 0.9  | 111.4
Source: India Meteorological Department[17][18]

Aizawl

Climate chart (explanation)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

168

289

406

320

321

305

184

█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
█ Precipitation totals in mm
Source: WMO
| Imperial conversion

J| F| M| A| M| J| J| A| S| O| N| D

0.5

0.9

2.9

6.6

7.2

1.7

0.6

█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
█ Precipitation totals in inches

## Transport[edit]

### Air[edit]

Lengpui Airport

Aizawl is connected by air transport through Lengpui Airport which it is situated near Aizawl.[19] The airport provides connectivity to Kolkata, Delhi, Guwahati, Agartala, Shillong and Imphal, operated by Air India, Go First and IndiGo. A helicopter service by Pawan Hans[20] was started in 2012 and connects the city with Lunglei, Lawngtlai, Saiha, Chawngte, Serchhip, Champhai, Kolasib, Khawzawl, Ngopa and Hnahthial.[21][22]

### Rail[edit]

Mizoram is connected to the national network by a railway up to Bairabi; the government has also begun constructing a broad gauge Bairabi Sairang Railway connection for better connectivity in the state.[23]

The Aizawl Monorail system was proposed in 2011, but as of 2024, it is still uncertain whether the project will proceed with implementation.[24][25][26]

## Media[edit]

Newspaper: The major media in Aizawl in the Mizo and English languages are:[27]

* Vanglaini,[28]
* The Zozam Times[29]
* The Aizawl Post.[30]
* India Today NE
* Khawpui Aw
* Virthli[31]
* The Mizoram Post[32]
* Zoram Tlangau
* Mizo Arsi
* Zalen
* Zawlaidi
* Zozam Weekly[33]
* Zoram Thlirtu
* Sakeibaknei
* Entlang

Radio: All India Radio also has a studio that host programmes at scheduled hours. FM Zoawi is a popular radio station in Aizawl.[34]

## Education[edit]

Mizoram University Entrance

### Tertiary[edit]

Pachhunga University College was among the earliest colleges founded in 1958. Aizawl College, the second oldest college in Aizawl City was established in the year 1975. Hrangbana College was established in 1980, located in Chanmari, Aizawl, it has 57 teaching staffs with 22 non-teaching staffs and more than 2,000 students in commerce and arts departments. Mizoram University established in 2001 provides affiliation to all the colleges in Mizoram. Mizoram University also provides post-graduate education as well as B.Tech. education and other departments. ICFAI University, Mizoram located in Durtlang, Aizawl West College, Government Aizawl North College, J. Thankima College also provides undergraduate courses. Mizoram Law College provides education to people who seek profession in Law.[35] Indian Institute of Mass Communication and National Institute of Technology Mizoram has already started operations. Zoram Medical College is inaugurated on 7 August 2018 in Falkawn.[36]

## Sports[edit]

Lammual Stadium

Football is the most popular sport in Mizoram with a number of footballers playing in national leagues in different parts of India. Some of the more important playing facilities in Aizawl are:

1. Rajiv Gandhi Stadium, with a seating capacity of 20,000, is located at Mualpui in Aizawl.[37]
2. Hawla Indoor Stadium is the largest indoor stadium with basketball, badminton and boxing facilities.
3. Lammual stadium is a single tier stadium. The stadium under construction will have a seating capacity of about 5,000 spectators.[38]

Team  | Sport  | League  | Venue

|
|
|

Mizoram football team | Football | Santosh Trophy | Rajiv Gandhi Stadium
Aizawl F.C. | Football | I-League | Rajiv Gandhi Stadium
Chanmari F.C. | Football | Mizoram Premier League | Lammual
Chawnpui F.C. | Football | Mizoram Premier League | Lammual/Vaivakawn field

Aizawl hosted the third edition of Xchange North East Youth NGO summit from October 3 to 5, 2018.[39]

## See also[edit]

* Aizawl FC
* Aizawl Monorail
* Advanced Research Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Aizawl, Mizoram
* Aizawl Theological College
* Tourism in North East India

## References[edit]

1. ^ "'Zofate Jerusalem': MNF hopes to ride Mizo nationalism wave post-Manipur, to another term". 27 October 2023.
2. ^ "Zawlkhawpui senmei chan ni".
3. ^ a b c d e f "Aizawl City Census 2011 data". census2011.co.in. Retrieved 17 May 2018.
4. ^ "Definition of Aizawl". The Free Online Dictionary. Retrieved 31 October 2013.
5. ^ "Mizoram Tourism". Retrieved 16 February 2024.
6. ^ "Aizawl City Population". census2011.co.in. Archived from the original on 28 October 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
7. ^ K. C. Kabra (2008). Economic Growth of Mizoram: Role of Business & Industry. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 9788180695186.
8. ^ "The Making of Aijal". Archived from the original on 12 November 2013.
9. ^ Hamlet Bareh (2001). Encyclopaedia of North-East India: Mizoram. Mittal Publications. pp. 206–216. ISBN 978-81-7099-787-0.
10. ^ "Aizawl - the State Capital: Mizoram". mizoram.nic.in. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
11. ^ "Home | Aizawl Municipal Corporation (AMC)". amcmizoram.com. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
12. ^ Chetri, Pratap. "Aizawl Gets Its First Municipal Council". Eastern Panorama. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
13. ^ Dr. L.H.Chhuanawma. "Aizawl Municipal Council". T Romana College. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
14. ^ Pachuau, Joy (13 April 2015). The Camera as a Witness. Cambridge. p. 139\. ISBN 9781107073395.
15. ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
16. ^ "Aizawl - the State Capital". Mizoram. Archived from the original on 7 October 2013. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
17. ^ "Station: Aizwal Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 17–18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
18. ^ "Aizwal Climatological Table 1971–2000". India Meteorological Department. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
19. ^ Shulevitz, Uri (2008). How I learned geography. Farrar Straus Giroux. ISBN 9780374334994. OCLC 123766698.
20. ^ "Mizorama Helicopter Service Tur Chief Minister in Hawng". Mizoram DIPR. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
21. ^ "Nilaini atangin 'Helicopter Service". The Zozam Times. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2012.
22. ^ "Mizoram Chhunga Helicopter Service Scheduled Thar". DIPR: Govt of Mizoram. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 23 September 2015.
23. ^ PTI. "Broad gauge track project in Mizoram to be over by March 2015". CNN IBN Live. Archived from the original on 26 January 2013. Retrieved 13 August 2012.
24. ^ "The Telegraph - Calcutta (Kolkata) | Northeast | Monorail project for Aizawl". 18 May 2018. Archived from the original on 18 May 2018. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
25. ^ "Mono Rail And Cable Car in Aizawl?". Retrieved 12 February 2024.
26. ^ "AIZAWL KHAWPUI TAWT LUTUK TIHZIAHAWM NGAIHTUAH". dipr.mizoram.gov.in. Retrieved 12 February 2024.
27. ^ "Accredited Journalists". DIPR Mizoram. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
28. ^ "Vanglaini - Mizo Daily Since 1978". vanglaini.org. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2010.
29. ^ "The Zozam Times". Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
30. ^ "The Aizawl Post". Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
31. ^ "Virthli". Archived from the original on 27 March 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
32. ^ "The Mizoram Post". Archived from the original on 11 November 2013. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
33. ^ "Zozam Weekly". Archived from the original on 18 May 2014. Retrieved 7 September 2012.
34. ^ "AIR buatsaih FM Zoawi chu le". Vanglaini. Archived from the original on 29 May 2014. Retrieved 27 August 2012.
35. ^ The Mizoram University Act of 25 April 2000 Archived 3 August 2012 at the Wayback Machine
36. ^ "Central Health Services Leh Aiims Doctor Ten Chief Minister HMU". DIPR. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014. Retrieved 15 August 2012.
37. ^ tirhkahthawla. "Mualpui Stadium Design". misual.com. Archived from the original on 27 May 2013. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
38. ^ "Lammual-ah Gallery sak hna tan dawn ta". The Zozam Times. Archived from the original on 15 April 2013. Retrieved 16 August 2012.
39. ^ "Aizawl will host the third edition of Xchange North East Youth NGO summit from October 3rd to 5th,2018". Archived from the original on 4 September 2018.

## External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aizawl.

* Aizawl travel guide from Wikivoyage
* Aizawl Official Website
* Aizawl Municipal Corporation

* v
* t
* e

Aizawl

Topics|

* History
* Economy
* Media
* Neighborhoods

Geography|

* River Tlawng
* River Tuirial

Government|

* Aizawl Municipal Corporation

Transport|

* Lengpui Airport
* Bairabi Sairang Railway
* National Highway 54

Healthcare|

* Civil Hospital, Aizawl
* Durtlang Hospital
* Ebenezer Hospital
* Greenwood Hospital

Education|

* Mizoram University
* Aizawl Theological College
* Aizawl College
* Aizawl North College
* Academy of Integrated Christian Studies
* Aizawl West College
* College of Teachers Education
* Hrangbana College
* J.Thankima College
* Johnson College
* Helen Lowry College of Arts & Commerce
* Mizoram College of Nursing
* Mizoram Law College
* National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Aizawl
* Pachhunga University College
* Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Aizawl
* T. Romana College
* Zirtiri Residential Science College
* National Institute of Technology Mizoram
* College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Selesih
* ICFAI University, Mizoram

Sports|

* Lammual
* Hawla Indoor Stadium
* Aizawl F.C.
* Rajiv Gandhi Stadium
* Dengthuama Indoor Stadium

* v
* t
* e

State of Mizoram

Capital: Aizawl

State symbols|

* Animal: Himalayan serow
* Bird: Mrs. Hume's pheasant
* Flower: Red Vanda
* Tree: Indian rose chestnut
* Fish: Burmese kingfish

History|

* Lushai dynasties
* British rule
* Mizo District
* Union Territory

Government|

* Governors
* Chief Ministers
* Legislative Assembly
* High Court
* Police

Districts|

* Aizawl
* Champhai
* Kolasib
* Lawngtlai
* Lunglei
* Mamit
* Saiha
* Serchhip
* Hnahthial
* Khawzawl
* Saitual

Urban Areas|

* Aizawl
* Bairabi
* Biate
* Champhai
* Darlawn
* Hnahthial
* Kolasib
* Khawhai
* Khawzawl
* Lawngtlai
* Lengpui
* Lunglei
* Mamit
* North Kawnpui
* North Vanlaiphai
* Saiha
* Sairang
* Saitual
* Serchhip
* Thenzawl
* Tlabung
* Vairengte
* Zawlnuam

Infrastructure|

* Aizawl Monorail
* Bairabi–Sairang Railway
* Federation Enclave
* Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project
* Lengpui Airport
* Serlui B Dam
* Tuirial Dam
* Vankal Solar Park
* Vuakmual Airport

Education|

* Mizoram University
* National Institute of Technology Mizoram
* Zoram Medical College
* Colleges
* Schools

Tourist attractions|

* Mt. Hmuifang
* Mt. Phawngpui
* Lalsavunga Park
* Mizo Poets' Square
* Palak Dil
* Reiek Peak
* Solomon's Temple
* Tam Dil
* Thenzawl Golf Course
* Tuirihiau Falls
* Vangchhia
* Vantawng Falls

Protected areas|

* Murlen National Park
* Phawngpui National Park
* Dampa Tiger Reserve

Culture|

* History
* Music
* Language
* Literature
* Cuisine
* People
* Sports

Topics|

* Geography
* Highest point
* Tourism
* Politics
* Elections
* Economy
* Education

* v
* t
* e

Northeast India

States|

* Arunachal Pradesh
* Assam
* Manipur
* Meghalaya
* Mizoram
* Nagaland
* Sikkim
* Tripura

Cities|

* Agartala
* Aizawl
* Dispur
* Dimapur
* Gangtok
* Guwahati
* Imphal
* Itanagar
* Kohima
* Shillong
* Silchar

Legislative Assemblies|

* Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
* Assam Legislative Assembly
* Manipur Legislative Assembly
* Meghalaya Legislative Assembly
* Mizoram Legislative Assembly
* Nagaland Legislative Assembly
* Sikkim Legislative Assembly
* Tripura Legislative Assembly

Protected Areas|

* Kaziranga National Park
* Namdapha National Park
* Orang National Park
* Manas National Park
* Dibru-Saikhowa National Park
* Nameri National Park
* Balphakram National Park
* Nokrek National Park
* Mouling National Park
* Keibul Lamjao National Park
* Sirohi National Park
* Murlen National Park
* Ntangki National Park
* Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary
* Sipahijola Wildlife Sanctuary
* Gorumara National Park
* Singalila National Park
* Neora Valley National Park
* Jaldapara National Park

Mountains|

* Kangchenjunga
* Naga Hills
* Patkai Hills
* Khasi Hills
* Lushai Hills
* Assam Himalaya
* Garo Hills
* Jongsong Peak
* Gimmigela Chuli
* Kabru
* Kirat Chuli
* Mount Pandim
* Paohanli Peak
* Pauhunri
* Siniolchu

Lakes|

* Khecheopalri Lake
* Gurudongmar Lake
* Lake Tsongmo
* Loktak Lake
* Chandubi Lake
* Dipor Bil
* Son Beel
* Rudrasagar Lake
* Bijoy sagar

Monasteries|

* Pemayangtse Monastery
* Tawang Monastery
* Zang Dhok Palri Phodang
* Rumtek Monastery
* Enchey Monastery
* Tashiding Monastery
* Dubdi Monastery
* Ralang Monastery

Others|

* Seven Sister States
* Tourism in North East India
* Tourism in Assam
* Tourism in Mizoram
* Border disputes

* v
* t
* e

State and Union Territory capitals of India

Administrative|

* Agartala
* Aizawl
* Amaravati
* Bangalore
* Bhopal
* Bhubaneswar
* Chandigarh
* Chennai
* Daman
* Dehradun
* Dispur
* Gandhinagar
* Gangtok
* Hyderabad
* Imphal
* Itanagar
* Jaipur
* Jammu (winter)
* Kargil (winter)
* Kavaratti
* Kohima
* Kolkata
* Leh (summer)
* Lucknow
* Mumbai
* New Delhi
* Panaji
* Patna
* Pondicherry
* Port Blair
* Ranchi
* Raipur
* Shillong
* Shimla
* Srinagar (summer)
* Thiruvananthapuram

Legislative|

* Agartala
* Aizawl
* Amaravati
* Bangalore (summer)
* Belgaum (winter)
* Bhararisain (summer)
* Bhopal
* Bhubaneswar
* Chandigarh
* Chennai
* Dharamshala (winter)
* Dehradun (winter)
* Gandhinagar
* Gangtok
* Guwahati
* Hyderabad
* Imphal
* Itanagar
* Jaipur
* Jammu (winter)
* Kohima
* Kolkata
* Lucknow
* Mumbai (summer)
* Nagpur (winter)
* New Delhi
* Patna
* Pondicherry
* Porvorim
* Raipur
* Ranchi
* Shillong
* Shimla (summer)
* Srinagar (summer)
* Thiruvananthapuram

Judicial|

* Agartala
* Ahmedabad
* Amaravati
* Bangalore
* Bilaspur
* Chandigarh
* Chennai
* Cuttack
* Gangtok
* Guwahati
* Hyderabad
* Imphal
* Jabalpur
* Jodhpur
* Jammu (winter)
* Kochi
* Kolkata
* Mumbai
* Nainital
* New Delhi
* Patna
* Prayagraj
* Ranchi
* Shillong
* Shimla
* Srinagar (summer)

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