Carcharhinus

Genus of sharks

Carcharhinus

Temporal range: Lutetian-recent
~42–0 Ma[1][2]

PreꞒ

Grey reef shark (C. amblyrhynchos)
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Chondrichthyes
Order:  | Carcharhiniformes
Family:  | Carcharhinidae
Genus:  | Carcharhinus
Blainville 1816
Type species
Carcharias melanopterus

Quoy & Gaimard 1824

Synonyms

* Aprionodon Gill 1861
* Eulamia Gill 1862
* Galeolamna Owen 1853
* Gillisqualus Whitley 1934
* Hypoprion Müller & Henle 1838
* Platypodon Gill 1862
* Pterolamiops Springer 1951
* Uranga Whitley 1943

Carcharhinus is the type genus of the family Carcharhinidae, the requiem sharks. One of 12 genera in its family, it contains over half of the species therein. It contains 35 extant and eight extinct species to date, with likely more species yet to be described.[3]

## Species[edit]

### Extant[edit]

Genus Carcharhinus Blainville 1816 \- 35 extant species

Common name  | Scientific name  | Geographic range  | Conservation status
IUCN Red List | Length  | Image
Blacknose shark | Carcharhinus acronotus
(Poey, 1860) |  | Endangered  | 1.3 m (4.3 ft)  |
Silvertip shark | Carcharhinus albimarginatus
(Rüppell, 1837) |  | Vulnerable  | 2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft)
maximum 3 m (9.8 ft)  |
Bignose shark | Carcharhinus altimus
(S. Springer, 1950) |  | Near threatened  | 2.7–2.8 m (8.9–9.2 ft)
possibly 3 m (9.8 ft)  |
Graceful shark | Carcharhinus amblyrhynchoides
(Whitley, 1934) |  | Vulnerable  | 1.7 m (5.6 ft)  |
Grey reef shark | Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos
(Bleeker, 1856) |  | Endangered  | Mostly less than 1.9 m (6.2 ft)
maximum 2.6 m (8.5 ft)  |
Pigeye shark | Carcharhinus amboinensis
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Vulnerable  | 1.9–2.5 m (6.2–8.2 ft)
max. 2.8 m (9.2 ft)  |
Borneo shark | Carcharhinus borneensis
(Bleeker, 1858) |  | Critically endangered  | 0.7 m (2.3 ft)  |
Copper shark | Carcharhinus brachyurus
(Günther, 1870) |  | Vulnerable  | 3.3 m (11 ft)  |
Spinner shark | Carcharhinus brevipinna
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Vulnerable  | 2 m (6.6 ft)
maximum 3 m (9.8 ft)  |
Nervous shark | Carcharhinus cautus
(Whitley, 1945) |  | Least concern  | 1.0–1.3 m (3.3–4.3 ft)
possibly 1.5 m (4.9 ft)  |
Pacific smalltail shark | Carcharhinus cerdale
(C. H. Gilbert, 1898) |  | Critically endangered  | 1.4 m (4.6 ft)  |
Australian blackspot shark | Carcharhinus coatesi
(Whitley, 1939) |  | Least concern  | 0.8 m (2.6 ft)  |
Whitecheek shark | Carcharhinus dussumieri
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Endangered  | 1 m (3.3 ft)  |
Silky shark | Carcharhinus falciformis
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Vulnerable  | 2.5 m (8.2 ft)
maximum 3.5 m (11 ft)  |
Creek whaler | Carcharhinus fitzroyensis
(Whitley, 1943) |  | Least concern  | 1.0–1.3 m (3.3–4.3 ft)
possibly 1.5 m (4.9 ft)  |
Galapagos shark | Carcharhinus galapagensis
(Snodgrass & Heller, 1905) |  | Least concern  | 3 m (9.8 ft)
maximum 3.3 m (11 ft)  |
Pondicherry shark | Carcharhinus hemiodon
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Critically endangered  | 1 m (3.3 ft)  |
Human's whaler shark | Carcharhinus humani
(W. T. White & Weigmann, 2014) |  | Data deficient  | 0.8 m (2.6 ft)  |
Finetooth shark | Carcharhinus isodon
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Near threatened  | 1.6–1.7 m (5.2–5.6 ft)
maximum 1.9 m (6.2 ft)  |
Smoothtooth blacktip shark | Carcharhinus leiodon
(Garrick, 1985) |  | Endangered  | 1.2 m (3.9 ft)  |
Bull shark | Carcharhinus leucas
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Vulnerable  | 2.3–2.4 m (7.5–7.9 ft)
maximum 3.5 m (11 ft)  |
Blacktip shark | Carcharhinus limbatus
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Vulnerable  | 1.5 m (4.9 ft)
maximum 2.8 m (9.2 ft)  |
Oceanic whitetip shark | Carcharhinus longimanus
(Poey, 1861) |  | Critically endangered  | 3 m (9.8 ft)  |
Hardnose shark | Carcharhinus macloti
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Near threatened  | 1.1 m (3.6 ft)  |
Blacktip reef shark | TCarcharhinus melanopterus
(Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) |  | Vulnerable  | 1.6 m (5.2 ft)
maximum 1.8 m (5.9 ft)  |
Dusky shark | Carcharhinus obscurus
(Lesueur, 1818) |  | Endangered  | 3.2 m (10 ft)
maximum 4.2 m (14 ft)  |
Lost shark[4] | Carcharhinus obsolerus
( White,  Kyne, & Harris, 2019) |  | Critically endangered (possibly extinct)  | 0.37–0.43 m (15–17 in)
(juvenile length only)  |
Caribbean reef shark | Carcharhinus perezi
(Poey, 1876) |  | Endangered  | 2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft)
maximum 3 m (9.8 ft)  |
Sandbar shark | Carcharhinus plumbeus
(Nardo, 1827) |  | Endangered  | 2–2.5 m (6.6–8.2 ft)  |
Smalltail shark | Carcharhinus porosus
(Ranzani, 1839) |  | Critically endangered  | 0.9–1.1 m (3.0–3.6 ft)
maximum 1.5 m (4.9 ft)  |
Blackspot shark | Carcharhinus sealei
(Pietschmann, 1913) |  | Vulnerable  | 1 m (3.3 ft)  |
Night shark | Carcharhinus signatus
(Poey, 1868) |  | Endangered  | 2 m (6.6 ft)
maximum 2.8 m (9.2 ft)  |
Spot-tail shark | Carcharhinus sorrah
(J. P. Müller & Henle, 1839) |  | Near threatened  | 1.6 m (5.2 ft)  |
Australian blacktip shark | Carcharhinus tilstoni
(Whitley, 1950) |  | Least concern  | 1.5–1.8 m (4.9–5.9 ft)
maximum 2 m (6.6 ft)  |
Indonesian whaler shark | Carcharhinus tjutjot
(Bleeker, 1852) |  | Vulnerable  | 0.9 m (3.0 ft)  |

T Type species

### Fossil[edit]

Age | Species | Authority | Formation | Location | Image | Notes

|
|
|
|
|
|

Montehermosan | †C. egertoni | Agassiz 1843 | Onzole | Ecuador |  | [5]
Pliocene | Luanda | Angola
Villamagna | Italy
Huayquerian | Camacho | Uruguay
Late Miocene | Penedo | Portugal
Middle Miocene | Sekinobana | Japan
Suso
Hannoura
Langhian | Higashi-innai
Colhuehuapian | Pirabas | Brazil | [6]
Burdigalian | Calvert | Maryland | [5]
Early Miocene | Baripada | India
Early Piacenzian | †C. priscus | Agassiz 1843 | Oosterhout | Netherlands |  | [7]
Montehermosan | Onzole | Ecuador
Pliocene | Luanda | Angola
Hemphillian | Curré | Costa Rica
Huayquerian | Pisco | Peru
Late Miocene | Penedo | Portugal
Uscari | Costa Rica
Fujina | Japan
Takakubo
Badenian | Hrušky | Czech Republic
Korytnica | Poland
Serravallian | Moulin de Débat | France
Kurahara | Japan
Wajimazaki
Horimatsu
Middle Miocene | Sekinobana
Suso
Hannoura
Maenami
Langhian | Higashi-innai
Florianer Schichten | Austria
Grund
Weissenegg
Middle Miocene | Punta Judas | Costa Rica
Burdigalian | Dera Bugti | Pakistan
Dam | Saudi Arabia
Colhuehuapian | Pirabas | Brazil | [6]
Aquitanian | Trent | North Carolina | [7]
Early Miocene | Filakovo | Slovakia
Chasicoan | †C. caquetius | Carrillo Briceño et al. 2015 | Urumaco | Venezuela |  | [8]
Santacrucian | †C. ackermani | Santos & Travasos 1960 | Cantaure | Venezuela |  | [9][10]
Colhuehuapian | Pirabas | Brazil | [6]
Burdigalian | †C. gibbesi | Woodward 1889 | Trent | North Carolina |  | [2][11]
Chattian | Chandler Bridge | South Carolina
Priabonian | Clinchfield | Georgia
Yazoo | Alabama
Louisiana
Jackson Gp. | Arkansas
Bartonian | Gosport Sand | Alabama
Moodys Branch | Louisiana
Mississippi
Lutetian | Crockett | Texas
Rupelian | †C. balochenisis | Adnet et al. 2007 | Chitarwata | Pakistan |  | [12][13]
Rupelian | †C. perseus | Adnet et al. 2007 | Chitarwata | Pakistan |  | [12][14]
Minqar Tabaghbagh | Egypt
Bartonian | †C. nigeriensis | White 1926 | Ameki | Nigeria |  | [15][16]

## See also[edit]

* Sharks portal

* List of prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera

## References[edit]

1. ^ Carrier, J.C.; J.A. Musick & M.R. Heithaus (2004). Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives. CRC Press. p. 52\. ISBN 0-8493-1514-X.
2. ^ a b Cicimurri & Knight, 2009
3. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2011). Species of Carcharhinus in FishBase. February 2011 version.
4. ^ Harris et al., 2019
5. ^ a b Carcharhinus egertoni at Fossilworks.org
6. ^ a b c De Aráujo Távora et al., 2010
7. ^ a b Carcharhinus priscus at Fossilworks.org
8. ^ Carrillo Briceño et al., 2015
9. ^ Aguilera & De Aguilera, 2001
10. ^ C. ackermani at Fossilworks.org
11. ^ C. gibbesi at Fossilworks.org
12. ^ a b Adnet et al., 2007
13. ^ C. balochenisis at Fossilworks.org
14. ^ C. perseus at Fossilworks.org
15. ^ C. nigeriensis at Fossilworks.org
16. ^ Halstead & Middleton, 1974

### Bibliography[edit]

* Adnet, S.; Antoine, P.-O.; Hassan Baqri, S.R.; Crochet, J.; Marivaux, L.; Welcomme, J.; Métais, G. (2007). "New tropical carcharhinids (chondrichthyes, Carcharhiniformes) from the late Eocene–early Oligocene of Balochistan, Pakistan: Paleoenvironmental and paleogeographic implications". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 30: 303–323. Retrieved 2019-03-05.
* Aguilera, Ó; De Aguilera, D. (2001). "An exceptional coastal upwelling fish assemblage in the Caribbean Neogene". Journal of Paleontology. 75: 732–742. Retrieved 2019-03-05.
* De Araújo Távora, Vladimir; Rodrigues dos Santos, André Augusto; Neto Araújo, Raphael (2010). "Localidades fossilíferas da Formação Pirabas (Mioceno Inferior)" (PDF). Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. 5: 207–224. Retrieved 2017-08-15.
* Carrillo Briceño, Jorge D.; Maxwell, Erin; Aguilera, Órangel A.; Sánchez, Rodolfo; Sánchez Villagra, Marcelo R. (2015). "Sawfishes and Other Elasmobranch Assemblages from the Mio-Pliocene of the South Caribbean (Urumaco Sequence, Northwestern Venezuela)". PLoS ONE. 10 (10): e0139230. Retrieved 2019-03-05.
* Cicimurri, D.J.; Knight, J.L. (2009). "Late Oligocene sharks and rays from the Chandler Bridge Formation, Dorchester County, South Carolina, USA" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 54: 627–647. Retrieved 2019-03-05.
* Halstead, L.B.; Middleton, J.A. (1974). "New material of the archaeocete whale Pappocetus lugardi Andrews, from the middle Eocene of Nigeria". Journal of Mining and Geology. 8: 81–85.
* Harris, Mark; Kyne, Peter M.; White, William T. (2019). "Lost before found: A new species of whaler shark Carcharhinus obsolerus from the Western Central Pacific known only from historic records". PLoS ONE. 14 (1): e0209387. Retrieved 2019-03-05.

* v
* t
* e

Extant requiem shark species

* Kingdom Animalia
* Phylum Chordata
* Class Chondrichthyes
* Subclass Elasmobranchii
* Subdivision Selachii
* Order Carcharhiniformes

Carcharhinus|

* Blacknose shark (C. acronotus)
* Silvertip shark (C. albimarginatus)
* Bignose shark (C. altimus)
* Graceful shark (C. amblyrhynchoides)
* Grey reef shark (C. amblyrhynchos)
* Pigeye shark (C. amboinensis)
* Borneo shark (C. borneensis)
* Copper shark (C. brachyurus)
* Spinner shark (C. brevipinna)
* Nervous shark (C. cautus)
* Pacific smalltail shark (C. cerdale)
* C. coatesi
* Whitecheek shark (C. dussumieri)
* Silky shark (C. falciformis)
* Creek whaler (C. fitzroyensis)
* Galapagos shark (C. galapagenisis)
* Pondicherry shark (C. hemiodon)
* Finetooth shark (C. isodon)
* Smoothtooth blacktip shark (C. leiodon)
* Bull shark (C. leucas)
* Blacktip shark (C. limbatus)
* Oceanic whitetip shark (C. longimanus)
* Hardnose shark (C. macloti)
* Blacktip reef shark (C. melanopterus)
* Dusky shark (C. obscurus)
* Caribbean reef shark (C. perezi)
* Sandbar shark (C. plumbeus)
* Smalltail shark (C. porosus)
* Blackspot shark (C. sealei)
* Night shark (C. signatus)
* Spot-tail shark (C. sorrah)
* Australian blacktip shark (C. tilstoni)
* C. tjutjot

Galeocerdo|

* Tiger shark (G. cuvier)

Glyphis|

* Borneo river shark (G. fowlerae)
* Ganges shark (G. gangeticus)
* Northern river shark (G. garricki)
* Speartooth shark (G. glyphis)
* Irrawaddy river shark (G. siamensis)

Isogomphodon|

* Daggernose shark (I. oxyrhynchus)

Lamiopsis|

* Broadfin shark (L. temminckii)
* Borneo broadfin shark (L. tephrodes)

Loxodon|

* Sliteye shark (L. macrorhinus)

Nasolamia|

* Whitenose shark (N. velox)

Negaprion|

* Sicklefin lemon shark (N. acutidens)
* Lemon shark (N. brevirostris)

Prionace|

* Blue shark (P. glauca)

Rhizoprionodon|

* Milk shark (R. acutus)
* Brazilian sharpnose shark (R. lalandii)
* Pacific sharpnose shark (R. longurio)
* Grey sharpnose shark (R. oligolinx)
* Caribbean sharpnose shark (R. porosus)
* Australian sharpnose shark (R. taylori)
* Atlantic sharpnose shark (R. terraenovae)

Scoliodon|

* Spadenose shark (S. laticaudus)
* Pacific spadenose shark (S. macrorhynchos)

Triaenodon|

* Whitetip reef shark (T. obesus)

Taxon identifiers|

* Wikidata: Q312359
* Wikispecies: Carcharhinus
* ADW: Carcharhinus
* AFD: Carcharhinus
* BOLD: 2960
* CoL: 3HC4
* EoL: 46559777
* Fossilworks: 34640
* GBIF: 2417963
* iNaturalist: 53585
* IRMNG: 1010465
* ITIS: 160267
* NCBI: 7806
* NZOR: 190ecdbf-da32-4be8-bd73-218a42be92f7
* Plazi: D8770A19-4D62-C183-691B-E23F42FA5B6E
* uBio: 4103547
* WoRMS: 105719
* ZooBank: 211571C9-9DED-4080-9A35-BB99ABCEB854

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