Cecropis

Genus of birds

This article is about a bird. For Ancient Greek tribe, see Kekropis.

Cecropis

Red-rumped Swallow (Cecropis daurica)
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Clade:  | Dinosauria
Class:  | Aves
Order:  | Passeriformes
Family:  | Hirundinidae
Subfamily:  | Hirundininae
Genus:  | Cecropis
F. Boie, 1826
Type species
Hirundo capensis[1]

J.F. Gmelin, 1789

Species

See text

Synonyms

* Lillia

Cecropis is a genus of large swallows found in Africa and tropical Asia. The red-rumped swallow's range also extends into southern Europe, and (in small numbers) into Australia. This genus is frequently subsumed into the larger genus Hirundo.[2]

The swallow family consists of 74 bird species which typically hunt insects in flight. The two river martins have long been recognised as very distinctive, and are placed in a separate subfamily, Pseudochelidoninae, leaving all other swallows and martins in the Hirundininae. DNA studies suggest that there are three major groupings within the Hirundininae subfamily, broadly correlating with the type of nest built.[3] The groups are the "core martins" including burrowing species like the sand martin, the "nest-adopters", with birds like the tree swallow which use natural cavities, and the "mud nest builders". The Cecropsis species construct a closed mud nest and therefore belong to the latter group. It is believed that the evolutionary sequence is from species that make open cup nests (Hirundo and Ptyonoprogne), through Delichon house martins with closed nests, to Cecropis and Petrochelidon, which have retort-like closed nests with an entrance tunnel.[4]

The genus Cecropis was introduced by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1826.[5] The type species was subsequently designated as the greater striped swallow (Cecropis cucullata) by the Italian zoologist Tommaso Salvadori in 1881.[6][7] The name of the genus is from the Ancient Greek Kekropis "Athenian woman".[8]

## Species[edit]

The nine species in the genus are:[9]

Image | Scientific name | Common name | Distribution

|
|
|

| Cecropis semirufa | Red-breasted swallow | Sahara from the Eastern Cape north to northern Namibia and southern Angola in the west and Mozambique in the east, with a disjunct range from Senegal south to northern Angola east to Uganda, south western Kenya and north western Tanzania.
| Cecropis senegalensis | Mosque swallow | southern Mauritania and Senegal east to western South Sudan then south to Namibia, northern Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique and north eastern South Africa.
| Cecropis abyssinica | Lesser striped swallow | Sub-Saharan Africa from Sierra Leone and southern Sudan south into eastern South Africa.
| Cecropis cucullata | Greater striped swallow | southern Africa, mainly in South Africa, Namibia and southern Zimbabwe. It is migratory wintering further north in Angola, Tanzania and southern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
| Cecropis daurica | Red-rumped swallow | Portugal and Spain to Japan, India, Sri Lanka and tropical Africa
| Cecropis domicella | West African swallow | Senegal to eastern Sudan
| Cecropis hyperythra | Sri Lanka swallow | Sri Lanka
| Cecropis striolata | Striated swallow | South and Southeast Asia to northeastern India and Taiwan.
| Cecropis badia | Rufous-bellied swallow | Malay Peninsula.

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Hirundinidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-15.
2. ^ Angela K. Turner; Chris Rose (November 1989). Swallows & Martins: An Identification Guide and Handbook. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 978-0-395-51174-9. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
3. ^ Sheldon, Frederick H.; Whittingham, Linda A.; Moyle, Robert G.; Slikas, Beth; Winkler, David W. (April 2005). "Phylogeny of swallows (Aves: Hirundinidae) estimated from nuclear and mitochondrial DNA". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 35 (1): 254–270. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2004.11.008. PMID 15737595.
4. ^ Winkler, David W.; Sheldon, Frederick H. (June 1993). "Evolution of nest construction in swallows (Hirundinidae): a molecular phylogenetic perspective". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 90 (12): 5705–5707. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5705. PMC 46790. PMID 8516319.
5. ^ Boie, Friedrich (1826). "Generalübersicht". Isis von Oken (in German). 19. Col 971.
6. ^ Salvadori, Tommaso (1881). Ornitologia della Papuasia e delle Molucche (in Italian). Vol. Part 2. Torino: G.B. Paravia. p. 1.
7. ^ Mayr, Ernst; Greenway, James C. Jr, eds. (1960). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 9\. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 113.
8. ^ Jobling, J.A. (2018). del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.; Christie, D.A.; de Juana, E. (eds.). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. Retrieved 13 May 2018.
9. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2018). "Swallows". World Bird List Version 8.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 13 May 2018.

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Swallows (family: Hirundinidae)

River martins (subfamily: Pseudochelidoninae * genus: Pseudochelidon)

| Genus|

Species

Pseudochelidon|

* African river martin
* White-eyed river martin

All other swallows and martins (subfamily: Hirundininae)

| Genus|

Species

Psalidoprocne
(saw-wings)|

* Square-tailed saw-wing
* Mountain saw-wing
* White-headed saw-wing
* Black saw-wing
* Fanti saw-wing

Pseudhirundo|

* Grey-rumped swallow

Cheramoeca|

* White-backed swallow

Phedina|

* Mascarene martin

Phedinopsis|

* Brazza's martin

Riparia
(sand martins)|

* Brown-throated sand martin
* Congo sand martin
* Sand martin
* Pale martin

Neophedina|

* Banded martin

Tachycineta
(tree swallows)|

* Tree swallow
* Violet-green swallow
* Golden swallow
* Bahama swallow
* Tumbes swallow
* Mangrove swallow
* White-winged swallow
* White-rumped swallow
* Chilean swallow

Progne|

* Purple martin
* Caribbean martin
* Sinaloa martin
* Gray-breasted martin
* Galápagos martin
* Peruvian martin
* Southern martin
* Brown-chested martin

Orochelidon|

* Brown-bellied swallow
* Pale-footed swallow
* Andean swallow

Atticora|

* White-banded swallow
* Black-capped swallow
* White-thighed swallow

Pygochelidon|

* Blue-and-white swallow
* Black-collared swallow

Stelgidopteryx|

* Northern rough-winged swallow
* Southern rough-winged swallow

Alopochelidon|

* Tawny-headed swallow

Hirundo
(barn swallows)|

* Barn swallow
* Red-chested swallow
* Angola swallow
* Pacific swallow
* Welcome swallow
* White-throated swallow
* Ethiopian swallow
* Wire-tailed swallow
* White-throated blue swallow
* Pied-winged swallow
* White-tailed swallow
* Pearl-breasted swallow
* Blue swallow
* Black-and-rufous swallow

Ptyonoprogne
(crag martins)|

* Eurasian crag martin
* Rock martin
* Dusky crag martin
* Pale crag martin

Delichon
(house martins)|

* Common house martin
* Asian house martin
* Nepal house martin
* Siberian house martin

Cecropis|

* Greater striped swallow
* Lesser striped swallow
* Rufous-chested swallow
* Mosque swallow
* Red-rumped swallow
* Sri Lanka swallow
* West African swallow
* Striated swallow
* Striated swallow

Petrochelidon|

* Forest swallow
* Streak-throated swallow
* Fairy martin
* Tree martin
* American cliff swallow
* Red-throated cliff swallow
* Preuss's cliff swallow
* Red Sea cliff swallow
* South African cliff swallow
* Cave swallow
* Chestnut-collared swallow

Cheramoeca|

* White-backed swallow

Taxon identifiers|

* Wikidata: Q248398
* Wikispecies: Cecropis
* BOLD: 102763
* CoL: 3JWD
* Fossilworks: 369544
* GBIF: 6085729
* iNaturalist: 144349
* IRMNG: 1200236
* ITIS: 915803
* NBN: NHMSYS0001688290
* NCBI: 69504
* Plazi: 0AE6A98D-6588-CE83-E2C7-AE0F1FBDFC36
* WoRMS: 567866
* ZooBank: 88EA0123-B774-4D39-B1E3-CC0992B8C4F4

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