FedEx

American freight and package delivery company

"Federal Express" redirects here. For the former train line, see Federal Express (train).

FedEx Corporation

Trade name

| FDX
Formerly|

* Federal Express Corporation​ (1971–1997)
* FDX Corporation​ (1997–2000)

Type| Public company

Traded as

* NYSE: FDX
* DJTA component
* S&P 100 component
* S&P 500 component

ISIN| US31428X1063
Industry|

* E-commerce
* Services
* Transportation

Founded| May 5, 1971; 51 years ago (1971-05-05) in Little Rock, Arkansas
Founder| Frederick W. Smith
Headquarters| 942 S Shady Grove Rd,

Memphis, Tennessee

Number of locations

| 1,950 FedEx locations (2020)

Area served

| Worldwide

Key people

| Frederick W.Smith
(Executive Chairman)
Raj Subramaniam
(President and CEO)
Services|

* Business services
* Express delivery
* Freight transportation
* Logistics services

Revenue|  US$93.512 billion (2022)

Operating income

|  US$6.245 billion (2022)

Net income

|  US$3.826 billion (2022)
Total assets|  US$85.994 billion (2022)
Total equity|  US$24.939 billion (2022)

Number of employees

| 547,000 (May 2022)
Subsidiaries|

* FedEx Custom Critical
* FedEx Express
* FedEx Freight
* FedEx Ground
* FedEx Logistics
* FedEx Office
* FedEx Services
* FedEx Supply Chain
* FedEx Trade Networks

Website| www.fedex.com
Footnotes / references
[1][2][3][4]

FedEx Corporation, formerly Federal Express Corporation and later FDX Corporation, is an American multinational conglomerate holding company focused on transportation, e-commerce and business services based in Memphis, Tennessee.[5][6] The name "FedEx" is a syllabic abbreviation of the name of the company's original air division, Federal Express, which was used from 1973 until 2000. FedEx today is best known for its air delivery service, FedEx Express, which was one of the first major shipping companies to offer overnight delivery as a flagship service. Since then, FedEx also started FedEx Ground, FedEx Office (originally known as Kinko's), FedEx Supply Chain, FedEx Freight, and various other services across multiple subsidiaries, often meant to respond to its main competitor, UPS. The company is the fifth largest American-headquartered employer globally with 547,000 employees, and FedEx is also one of the top contractors of the US government and assists in the transport of some United States Postal Service packages through their Air Cargo Network contract.[7]

FedEx's prominence in both the United States and the world have made it a common topic in popular culture, with examples including the film Cast Away as well as some of its marketing slogans (most famously "when it absolutely positively has to be there overnight"). In addition, FedEx has purchased the naming rights to FedExField of the NFL's Washington Commanders and FedExForum of the NBA's Memphis Grizzlies. FedEx's air shipping services have made its "Superhub" at Memphis International Airport the busiest cargo airport in the world by 2020.

## History[edit]

### Foundation and early history[edit]

FedEx's first van displayed at the FedEx World Headquarters

For history prior to its 1997 reorganization, see FedEx Express.

The company was founded in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1971 as Federal Express Corporation by Frederick W. Smith, a graduate of Yale University. He drew up the company's concept in a term paper at Yale, in which he called for a system specifically designed for urgent deliveries. While his professor didn't think much of the idea, Smith pressed on. He began formal operations in 1973, when he moved operations to Memphis. Smith said he chose Memphis International Airport for being near the mean population center of the country and for its placid weather.[8]

The company grew rapidly, and by 1983 had a billion dollars in revenues, a rarity for a startup company that had never taken part in mergers or acquisitions in its first decade. It expanded to Europe and Asia in 1984. In 1988, it acquired one of its major competitors, Flying Tiger Line, creating the largest full-service cargo airline in the world. In 1994, Federal Express shortened its name to "FedEx" for marketing purposes, officially adopting a nickname that had been used for years.[8]

### Reorganization and Caliber acquisition[edit]

A Federal Express McDonnell Douglas MD-11 in 1995

On October 2, 1997, FedEx reorganized as a holding company, FDX Corporation, a Delaware corporation.[9] The new holding company began operations in January 1998, with the acquisition of Caliber System Inc. by Federal Express. With the purchase of Caliber, FedEx started offering other services besides express shipping. Caliber subsidiaries included RPS, a small-package ground service; Roberts Express, an expedited shipping provider; Viking Freight, a regional, less-than-truckload freight carrier serving the Western United States; Caribbean Transportation Services, a provider of airfreight forwarding between the United States and the Caribbean; and Caliber Logistics and Caliber Technology, providers of logistics and technology services. FDX Corporation was founded to oversee all of the operations of those companies and its original air division, Federal Express.[8]

In January 2000, FDX Corporation changed its name to FedEx Corporation and re-branded all of its subsidiaries. Federal Express became FedEx Express, RPS became FedEx Ground, Roberts Express became FedEx Custom Critical, and Caliber Logistics and Caliber Technology were combined to comprise FedEx Global Logistics. A new subsidiary, called FedEx Corporate Services, was formed to centralize the sales, marketing, and customer service for all of the subsidiaries. In February 2000, FedEx acquired Tower Group International, an international logistics company. FedEx also acquired WorldTariff, a customs duty and tax information company; TowerGroup and WorldTariff were re-branded to form FedEx Trade Networks.[8]

### 21st century[edit]

FedEx Express delivery van in Miami

FedEx Corp. acquired privately held Kinko's, Inc. in February 2004 and re-branded it FedEx Kinko's. The acquisition was made to expand FedEx's retail access to the general public. After the acquisition, all FedEx Kinko's locations offered only FedEx shipping.[8] In June 2008, FedEx announced that they would be dropping the Kinko's name from their ship centers; FedEx Kinko's would now be called FedEx Office.[10][11] In September 2004, FedEx acquired Parcel Direct, a parcel consolidator, and re-branded it FedEx SmartPost.[8]

In April 2015, FedEx acquired their rival firm TNT Express for €4.4 billion ($4.8 billion; £3.2 billion) as it looked to expand their operations in Europe.[12][13]

In February 2016, FedEx announced the launch of FedEx Cares, a global giving platform, and committed to invest $200 million to strengthen more than 200 communities by 2020.[14][15]

In March 2018, FedEx announced the acquisition of P2P Mailing Limited, a last-mile delivery service, for £92 million to expand their portfolio.[16]

In June 2019, FedEx announced they would not be renewing their $850 million contract with Amazon for the company's U.S. domestic express delivery business. Amazon accounted for 1.3 percent of 2018 revenues.[17] In August 2019, FedEx announced the termination of ground deliveries for Amazon as well.[18]

In December 2020, FedEx acquired ShopRunner, an e-commerce platform.[19]

On March 29, 2022, founder Frederick W. Smith announced he would be retiring as CEO and become executive chairman effective June 1, 2022. The company named Raj Subramaniam, FedEx's current president and COO, as Smith's successor.[20][21]

## Operating units[edit]

FedEx Corporation divides its business into the following main operating units:

### FedEx Express[edit]

FedEx Express Boeing 777F

TNT Express electric van in Europe

Main article: FedEx Express

FedEx Express is the company's original overnight courier services, providing next day air service within the US and time-definite international service. It operates one of the largest civil aircraft fleets in the world, has the largest fleet of wide bodied civil aircraft, and carries more freight than any other airline.[22] Included in this unit are:

* Caribbean Transport Services: Until 2008, part of FedEx Freight. Provides airfreight forwarding services between the US mainland, Puerto Rico, and other Caribbean destinations.
* TNT Express: Formerly an independent international courier delivery company headquartered in Hoofddorp, Netherlands, now a subsidiary of FedEx. It has fully owned operations in 61 countries, and delivers documents, parcels and freight to over two hundred countries.
* FedEx Custom Critical: Delivers urgent, valuable, or hazardous items using trucks and chartered aircraft.[23] Drivers are independent owner/operators and services in Mexico use interline carriers. Formerly Roberts Express, a subsidiary of Caliber System.
* FedEx Cross Border: Provides information services, compliance management, and currency conversion services for cross-border retailers. Formerly Bongo International.

### FedEx Ground[edit]

FedEx Ground delivery truck

Main article: FedEx Ground

FedEx Ground provides day-definite mail and package delivery to commercial locations in the US and Canada and residential locations in Canada. Its services are cheaper than the time-definite services offered by FedEx Express. The company was formerly Roadway Package System (RPS), a division of Caliber System.[8] The unit also includes:

* FedEx Home Delivery: Provides domestic residential delivery services on an expanded schedule better suited to personal deliveries. Operates only in the US, residential deliveries in Canada are provided by FedEx Ground. The service's logo includes a drawing of a dog carrying a package.[24]
* FedEx Ground Economy (formerly FedEx SmartPost): Consolidates parcels from merchants such as e-commerce and catalog companies, transports them in bulk between its hubs, and uses FedEx Ground or Home Delivery for final mile delivery. Formerly Parcel Direct, a subsidiary of catalog publisher Quad Graphics, acquired by FedEx in 2004.[25]

### FedEx Freight[edit]

FedEx Freight truck in Las Vegas

FedEx Freight is the largest less-than-truckload (LTL) freight carrier in the US, reporting US$8.9 billion in revenue for 2021,[26] and operates LTL and other freight services in the US and Canada. The unit was formed in 2002 when FedEx bought regional US LTL carrier American Freightways (AF) and established FedEx Freight as a parent company for AF, renamed FedEx Freight East, and FedEx's existing regional LTL subsidiary, Viking Freight, renamed FedEx Freight West. Viking had been a Caliber subsidiary when Caliber was acquired by FedEx in 1998. FedEx bought Lakeland, Florida-based national LTL carrier Watkins Motor Lines in 2006 and renamed it FedEx National LTL. All three operated as an independent subsidiaries of FedEx Freight[27] until January 2010 when they were merged with their parent to form a single entity, FedEx Freight Inc.[28] The unit is the parent of:

* FedEx Freight Canada: Formerly Watkins Canada Express, the Canadian services of Watkins Motor Lines.

### FedEx Logistics[edit]

FedEx Logistics provides supply chain, specialty transportation, cross border e-commerce, customs brokerage, and trade management technology and services. The division was known as FedEx Trade Networks until January 2019[29] and is composed of a number of FedEx acquisitions as well as the operations of former Caliber subsidiaries Caliber Logistics and Caliber Technology. Divisions include:

* FedEx Air and Ocean Cargo Networks: International air and ocean freight forwarding. Formerly C.J. Tower & Sons, TowerGroup International Inc. (acquired by FedEx in 2000), and FedEx Trade Networks Transport & Brokerage, Inc.
* FedEx Customs Brokerage: Customs and international trade compliance services. Formerly World Tariff, Ltd. (acquired by FedEx in 2000) and FedEx Trade Networks Trade Services, Inc.
* FedEx Forward Depots: Critical inventory and service parts logistics. Also includes the TechConnect business equipment repair and refurbishment facilities, 3-D printing services, and the FedEx Packaging Lab.
* FedEx Supply Chain: Third-party logistics including transportation management, warehousing, fulfillment, and returns. Formerly GENCO.

### FedEx Services[edit]

FedEx Services provides corporate services to other FedEx operating companies. Specifically, all marketing, sales, pricing, data analytics, forecasting, finance, customer service, information technology, and their respective organizations (and cost centers) reside inside FedEx Services. Customer facing transportation services and support managed by teams within FedEx Services include:

* FedEx Customer Relations: Operates customer service and customer support operations for other FedEx units including Express, Ground, Freight, and Office. Also manages customer operations at staffed locations, manages FedEx drop boxes, and provides internal corporate services. Formerly FedEx Customer Information Services (FCIS).
* FedEx Delivery Manager: Desktop and web software used by FedEx clients to create, track, and manage shipments.
* FedEx Express package services: Overnight and deferred small package transportation services (time definite services).
* FedEx Express Freight services: Overnight and deferred palletized freight transportation services (time definite services).
* FedEx Ground package services: Day definite ground based small package transportation services.
* FedEx Freight transportation services: Day definite ground based freight transportation services.
* FedEx Express International package services: Day definite air based small package transportation services.
* FedEx Express International freight services: Day definite air based palletized freight transportation services.
* FedEx.com online website support: Maintenance and development of all online assets owned by FedEx.

### FedEx Dataworks[edit]

A spin-off of FedEx Services, FedEx Dataworks is the youngest of FedEx's Operating Companies. FDW is focused on harnessing the power of the rich FedEx data ecosystem to transform the digital and physical customer experience creating solutions that build the network for what’s next by collaborating across the enterprise to integrate technology and services using Data Science and Machine Learning to help make shipping more efficient.[30] Their first product was Surround,[31] a software solution based on proactive monitoring and intervention controls across a delivery network whose first use was used in tracking critical shipments of COVID-19 vaccines.

### FedEx Office[edit]

Main article: FedEx Office

FedEx Office is the retail arm of the corporation offering print and photocopy services, business services including signage and marketing, and retail sales of FedEx shipping services. The unit also includes FedEx SameDay City, a same-day delivery service. FedEx Office was formerly an independent company, Kinko's, until it was acquired by FedEx in 2004 and rebranded FedEx Kinko's. It was again rebranded in June 2008 becoming FedEx Office.[32] Its divisions include:

* FedEx Office Print and Ship Centers: Successor to the original Kinko's operations. Also provide FedEx Hold at Location services, where a package can be delivered to and held at a FedEx Office location for later pickup by the receiver. FedEx Office also operates its own courier network for location to location and local delivery. Includes some locations previously called FedEx World Service Centers which predated FedEx's Kinko's acquisition.
* FedEx SameDay City: Same-day delivery courier providing Standard, pickup by noon and delivered by end of day, and Priority, delivery within two hours, services.

## Competitors[edit]

FedEx's primary competitor in the United States and most of its international destinations is United Parcel Service (UPS). Both companies employ generally similar strategies; both companies' largest hubs for its air delivery are in the southern United States (Memphis for FedEx and Louisville for UPS), both offer overnight, 2-day, and ground delivery as default options, both frequently use Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport for trans-pacific shipments,[33] and both of their main hubs are some of the world's busiest airports by cargo traffic. FedEx's other main competitor is the United States Postal Service (USPS), as USPS offers an overnight service (Priority Mail Express), a 2-5 day service (Priority Mail), and an economy/ground service (First Class, Parcel Select Ground). To a lesser extent in the US, FedEx competes with SF Express and DHL, and while DHL's market share in the United States is rising, the shipping industry (not including USPS) in the United States is primarily dominated by UPS and FedEx; DHL is only a strong competitor to FedEx outside of the United States.[34]

Amazon, with its airline Amazon Air, its fleet of trucks, vans and ships and its worldwide staff of more than 1.4 million, plans to become the largest delivery service in the U.S.A.[35][36]

## Corporate identity[edit]

FedEx Ground logo

### Logo[edit]

The FedEx logo is a wordmark designed in 1994 by Lindon Leader of Landor Associates, of San Francisco.[37] It consists of Fed in purple and Ex in orange. The FedEx wordmark is notable for containing a subliminal right-pointing arrow in the negative space between the "E" and the "X", which was achieved by designing a proprietary font, based on Univers and Futura, to emphasize the arrow shape.[37] Leader believed the logo promoted FedEx as "getting from point A to point B reliably with speed and precision".[38]

Former logo Ex color by operating unit  Unit  | Color

|

FedEx Express  | Orange
FedEx Custom Critical  | Blue then Red
FedEx Ground  | Green
FedEx Freight  | Red
FedEx Logistics  | Platinum
FedEx Services  | Platinum
FedEx Office  | Blue
FedEx SameDay City  | Platinum

In the early 2000s, the Ex was in a different color for each division and platinum for the overall corporation use. However, in August 2016, FedEx announced that all operating units would adopt the purple and orange color logo over the next five years (the same as the original FedEx logo, and later used by FedEx Express).[39]

### Advertising[edit]

FedEx advertising slogans have included:[40][41]

* "When it Absolutely, Positively has to be there overnight" – 1978–1983
* "It's not Just a Package, It's Your Business" – 1987–1988
* "Our Most Important Package is Yours" – 1991–1994
* "Absolutely, Positively Anytime" – 1995
* "The Way the World Works," 1996–1998
* "Be Absolutely Sure," 1998–2000
* "This is a Job for FedEx," 2001–2002
* "Don’t worry, there's a FedEx for that,” 2002–2003
* "Relax, it’s FedEx," 2004–2008
* "The World On Time" 2001–present
* "We Understand," 2009–present
* "We Live To Deliver" 2009–present
* "Where now meets next" 2021–present

A FedEx Express Boeing 727 parked at Fairbanks International Airport. It was donated to the University of Alaska Fairbanks

In 1981, FedEx's advertising firm Ally & Gargano hired performer John Moschitta, Jr., known for his fast speech delivery, to do an ad for Federal Express titled "Fast Paced World". This single commercial was cited years later by New York as one of the most memorable ads ever.[42]

### Sponsorships[edit]

#### Motorsports[edit]

The FedEx-sponsored No. 11 car at the 2012 Kobalt Tools 400, driven by Denny Hamlin

* From 1997 to 2002, FedEx was the title sponsor of Champ Car World Series when it was known as CART. The series was known as the "CART FedEx Championship Series", which led to the official "Champ Car" designation in reference to the fact they were the FedEx Championship.
* FedEx is the sponsor of the No. 11 NASCAR Cup Series Toyota, owned by Joe Gibbs Racing since 2005. The car has been driven by Denny Hamlin since 2006.
* FedEx previously sponsored the Formula One teams Benetton (1996–1999), Ferrari (1999–2001), Williams F1 (2002–2006), and McLaren (2007–2008).

#### Football[edit]

* From 1989 to 2010, FedEx was the title sponsor of the Orange Bowl, played in Miami, Florida.[43]
* FedEx Field, home of the National Football League's Washington Commanders in Landover, Maryland[44]

#### Other sports[edit]

FedExForum in Memphis, Tennessee

* FedEx sponsors FedExForum, home of the NBA's Memphis Grizzlies and the University of Memphis men's basketball team.[45]
* FedEx sponsors the Heineken Cup in rugby for the European markets only.[46]
* Beginning in 2007, FedEx became the title sponsor of the FedEx Cup, a championship trophy for the PGA Tour.[47]
* The WGC-Fedex St. Jude Invitational, a PGA Tour golf tournament and one of the four World Golf Championships held in Memphis, has been sponsored by FedEx from 1986 to 2006, in 2009, and currently since 2011.[citation needed]
* FedEx was the main sponsor of the UEFA Europa League since the 2015–21 cycle outside of the U.S. and Canadian markets.
* FedEx becomes the main global sponsors of the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Super Cup, UEFA Youth League and the UEFA Futsal Champions League starting in the 2021–24 cycle.[48]

### Reputation[edit]

The firm was named by Fortune magazine as one of the top 100 companies to work for in 2013, citing the company's choice to downsize with voluntary buyouts rather than involuntary layoffs.[49]

## Corporate affairs[edit]

### Board of directors[edit]

As of April 2022[update], the FedEx Corporation board of directors is:[50]

* Marvin Ellison: Chairman, president and CEO, Lowe’s Companies, Inc.
* Tricia Griffith: President and CEO, The Progressive Corporation
* Kimberly A. Jabal: Former CFO, Unity Technologies
* Shirley Ann Jackson: President, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
* R. Brad Martin: Chairman, RBM Ventures
* Fred Perpall: CEO, The Beck Group
* Joshua Cooper Ramo: Chairman and CEO, Sornay LLC
* Susan Schwab: Professor Emerita, University of Maryland School of Public Policy
* Frederick W. Smith: Founder and Executive Chairman, FedEx Corporation
* David P. Steiner: Former CEO, Waste Management, Inc.
* Raj Subramaniam: President and CEO, FedEx Corporation
* Paul S. Walsh: Executive chairman, McLaren Group Limited

### Finance[edit]

For the fiscal year 2020, FedEx reported earnings of US$1.286 billion, with an annual revenue of US$69.217 billion, a decline of 0.7% over the previous fiscal cycle. FedEx's shares traded at over $273 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$2,459 billion in December 2020.[51] FedEx ranked No. 50 in the 2018 Fortune 500 list of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.[52]

Year  | Revenue
in mil. USD$  | Net income
in mil. USD$  | Total Assets
in mil. USD$  | Price per Share
in USD$  | Employees

|
|
|
|
|

2005  | 29,363  | 1,449  | 20,404  | 90.25  | 138,100
2006  | 32,294  | 1,806  | 22,690  | 109.67  | 138,400
2007  | 35,214  | 2,016  | 24,000  | 107.61  | 143,000
2008  | 37,953  | 1,125  | 25,633  | 81.50  | 145,000
2009  | 35,497  | 98  | 24,244  | 63.18  | 140,000
2010  | 34,734  | 1,184  | 24,902  | 85.15  | 141,000
2011  | 39,304  | 1,452  | 27,385  | 86.29  | 143,000
2012  | 42,680  | 2,032  | 29,903  | 89.74  | 149,000
2013  | 44,287  | 2,716  | 33,567  | 110.13  | 160,700
2014  | 45,567  | 2,324  | 33,070  | 149.32  | 162,000
2015  | 47,453  | 1,050  | 36,531  | 165.33  | 166,000
2016  | 50,365  | 1,820  | 45,959  | 162.31  | 168,000
2017  | 60,319  | 2,997  | 48,552  | 207.57  | 169,000
2018  | 65,450  | 4,572  | 52,330  | 238.46  | 227,000
2019  | 69,693  | 540  | 54,403  | 166.65  | 239,000
2020  | 69,217  | 1,286  | 73,537  | 184.60  | 245,000

### Environmental practices and initiatives[edit]

In early March 2021, FedEx announced plans to make its operations carbon-neutral by 2040.[53] It's investing $2 billion in sustainable energy initiatives, including $100M for a new Yale Center for Natural Carbon Capture and upgrading its aircraft and ground transportation fleets.[54] It will be the first customer to take delivery of GM's electric Zevo delivery vans, as part of the goal of an all-electric ground fleet by 2040.[55]

FedEx's initiatives to be carbon-neutral by 2040 will allow them to reduce their negative contributions to climate change drastically, however they may fall short of this goal. As mentioned in their 2021 10-K filling,[56] they are at risk of being unable to achieve being carbon neutral by 2040 due to potential inability to execute the business operations as planned. Such risks are the costs associated with vehicle electrification and renewable energies. Additionally, the pace at which research and technological developments occur at pose a threat to FedEx's goal.

### Success of Current Environmental Practices[edit]

FedEx's current practices have allowed them to avoid several amounts of emissions. Their current fleet of electric vehicles and more efficient delivery routes have avoided roughly 950,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions. Additionally, through the FedEx Fuel Sense program, FedEx was able to save about 221 million gallons of fuel and avoided nearly 2 million metric tons of carbon dioxide.[57]

### Political donations and lobbying[edit]

According to OpenSecrets, FedEx Corp is the 174th largest campaign contributor in the United States, having donated over $35.96 million to federal candidates and committees since 1990, 37% of which went to Democrats and 63% to Republicans.[58] Strong ties to the White House and members of Congress allow access to international trade and tax cut rebates as well as the rules of the business practices of the United States Postal Service. In 2001, FedEx sealed a $9 billion deal with the USPS to transport all of the post office's overnight and express deliveries.

In 2005, FedEx was among 53 entities that contributed the maximum of $250,000 to sponsor the second inauguration of President George W. Bush.[59][60][61]

During the 2018 calendar year, FedEx spent nearly $10.2 million lobbying the federal government,[62] its lowest total since 2008 but more than any other company in the air transport industry.[63]

### SCAC codes[edit]

The Standard Carrier Alpha Code (SCAC) is a unique code used to identify transportation companies. It is typically two to four alphabetic letters long. It was developed by the National Motor Freight Traffic Association in the 1960s to help the transportation industry for computerizing data and records. FedEx's codes include:

* FXE – FedEx Express
* FXSP – FedEx SmartPost
* FXG – FedEx Ground
* FXFE – FedEx Freight
* FDCC – FedEx Custom Critical
* FXO – FedEx Office
* FSDC – FedEx Same Day City

## Controversies and incidents[edit]

See also: Federal Express Flight 705, FedEx Express Flight 14, and FedEx Express Flight 80

### Labor relations[edit]

In December 2007, the U.S. Internal Revenue Service "tentatively decided" the FedEx Ground Division might be facing a tax liability of $319 million for 2002, due to misclassification of its operatives as independent contractors. Reversing a 1994 decision which allowed FedEx to classify its operatives that own their own vehicles as independent contractors, the IRS audited the years 2003 to 2006, with a view to assessing whether similar misclassification of operatives had taken place. FedEx denied that any irregularities in classification had occurred, but faced legal action from operatives claiming benefits that would have accrued had they been classified as employees.[64]

In June 2009, FedEx began a campaign against UPS and the Teamsters union, accusing its competitor of receiving a bailout in an advertising campaign called "Brown Bailout". FedEx claimed that signing the Federal Aviation Administration re-authorization bill, which would let some of its workers unionize more easily (and, according to the Memphis-based company, "could expose [its] customers at any time to local work stoppages that interrupted the flow of their time-sensitive, high-value shipments"),[65] was equivalent to giving UPS a "bailout". Independent observers heavily criticized FedEx's wording,[65] claiming that it was "an abuse of the term".[65] FedEx Express employees are regulated under the Railway Labor Act.[66]

In July 2020, the Air Line Pilots Association International (ALPA), the union that represents FedEx Corp pilots, called for a suspension on the company's Hong Kong operations. According to the union, some members were subject to "extremely difficult conditions" at hospitals urged by government mandates due to the COVID-19 pandemic.[67] FedEx was criticized more broadly for providing inadequate protections and sick leave during the pandemic.[68]

### Allegations of controlled substances distribution[edit]

On July 17, 2014, FedEx was indicted for conspiracy to distribute controlled substances in cooperation with the Chhabra-Smoley Organization and Superior Drugs.[69] According to the U.S. Department of Justice, "FedEx is alleged to have knowingly and intentionally conspired to distribute controlled substances and prescription drugs, including Phendimetrazine (Schedule III); Ambien, Phentermine, Diazepam, and Alprazolam (Schedule IV), to customers who had no legitimate medical need for them based on invalid prescriptions issued by doctors who were acting outside the usual course of professional practice."[70] A representative for the company contested these claims, stating that it would violate personal rights of customers to deny service and that "We are a transportation company — we are not law enforcement".[71] On July 17, 2016 the Department of Justice U.S. Attorney's Office confirmed in a statement that it had asked U.S. District Court Judge Charles Breyer to dismiss the indictment but also did not say why.[72][73][74]

### Illegal parking criticism[edit]

FedEx vehicle illegally parked in a Washington, DC bike lane in January 2020

Safe streets activists have criticized FedEx, along with other parcel delivery services, for frequently illegally parking their vehicles in bike lanes while making deliveries, a practice that endangers cyclists.[75][76][77] They were criticized alongside peers in a letter from Washington, D.C.'s transportation agency in 2018.[78]

### Criticism of NRA partnership[edit]

FedEx was criticized for its partnership with the National Rifle Association, which it terminated in 2018 under pressure from activists.[79]

### Huawei package delivery dispute[edit]

On June 1, 2019, China filed a case against FedEx for allegedly undermining the rights of Chinese clients.[80] The investigation stemmed from allegations by Huawei that FedEx attempted to divert the shipping route of its packages without the company's prior authorization.[81][82][83] which in turn have been denied by FedEx.[81][82] It has been reported that FedEx refused to deliver a used Huawei phone into the US. Writers at PC Magazine tried to ship a Huawei P30 from a UK office to a US one to find it sent back a few days later.[84][85]

In July 2019, China accused FedEx of holding back more than 100 packages that Huawei was trying to deliver to China. Chinese regulators said that the company committed "violations" when it diverted Huawei parcels.[86]

### Allegations of tax avoidance[edit]

In December 2019, CNBC listed FedEx along with 378 additional Fortune 500 companies that "paid an effective federal tax rate of 0% or less" as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.[87] The New York Times reported that FedEx paid $1.5 billion in taxes after the 2017 fiscal year (effective tax rate of 34%) and then $0 after the 2018 fiscal year (effective tax rate of 0%) as a result of lobbying done by the company.[88]

### Mass shooting at Indianapolis facility[edit]

Main article: Indianapolis FedEx shooting

A FedEx Ground facility was the site of a mass shooting in Indianapolis on April 15, 2021, causing nine deaths (including the perpetrator) and at least 6 injuries. FedEx released a statement early the next morning, saying they were "deeply saddened" by the loss of their team members.[89]

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6. ^ "FedEx (FDX)". Forbes. Retrieved September 13, 2021.
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12. ^ "FedEx to buy rival TNT Express for €4.4bn". BBC News. April 7, 2015.
13. ^ "FedEx to buy Dutch Delivery Company TNT for 4.4 billion euros". news.biharprabha.com. Reuters. April 8, 2015. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
14. ^ "Timeline". About FedEx. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
15. ^ Candid. "FedEx Launches $200 Million Giving Initiative". Philanthropy News Digest (PND). Retrieved May 30, 2019.
16. ^ "FedEx Expanding E-Commerce Capabilities with Acquisition of P2P". investors.fedex.com. Retrieved May 30, 2019.
17. ^ Albert-Deitch, Cameron (June 10, 2019). "Amazon's Vendor Purge and FedEx Cancellation Prove 1 Thing: Startups Need to Watch Out". Inc. Retrieved June 10, 2019.
18. ^ "FedEx to end ground delivery business with Amazon". news.yahoo.com. Retrieved August 8, 2019.
19. ^ "FedEx completes acquisition of ShopRunner to bolster e-commerce". Bizjournal. December 28, 2020.
20. ^ Watts, Micaela A. (March 28, 2022). "FedEx founder Fred Smith to step down as CEO; Raj Subramaniam to succeed him". The Commercial Appeal. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
21. ^ "FedEx names Raj Subramaniam as CEO, replacing founder Fred Smith". CNBC. March 28, 2022. Retrieved March 29, 2022.
22. ^ "WATS Scheduled Freight Tonne – Kilometres". International Air Transport Association. 2006. Archived from the original on January 30, 2010.
23. ^ "FedEx Custom Critical Solutions". Retrieved September 18, 2013.
24. ^ fedex service info – u.s. – home delivery. Fedex.com. Retrieved on July 11, 2011.
25. ^ "Current Report Sept 2004, Inc 2004 Current Report, Form 8-K, Filing Date Sept 22, 2004". secdatabase.com. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
26. ^ Cassidy, William B (March 8, 2022). "JOC Rankings: Higher rates lead to unprecedented US LTL revenue gains". Journal of Commerce. Retrieved April 13, 2022.
27. ^ "FedEx buys Watkins Motor Lines". FreightWaves. American Shipper. May 29, 2006. Archived from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2022.
28. ^ Malone, Scott (September 17, 2010). "Market falls as FedEx fails to deliver". Ottawa Citizen. p. E2. Archived from the original on August 27, 2021. Retrieved April 13, 2022 - via Newspapers.com.
29. ^ "FedEx Trade Networks Rebrands as FedEx Logistics". FedEx (Press release). Retrieved May 30, 2019.
30. ^ "FedEx Works to Monetize Their Big Data". Forbes.
31. ^ "FedEx and Microsoft join forces to transform commerce".
32. ^ FedEx Office | About FedEx. About.fedex.designcdt.com. Retrieved on July 11, 2011.
33. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: How Overnight Shipping Works, retrieved March 13, 2021
34. ^ Batabyal, Mithu (July 21, 2014). "Despite Optimism, FedEx Corporation Faces Challenges". The Motley Fool. Retrieved March 13, 2021.
35. ^ Archived at [1]: Amazon to Take Top Package Delivery Spot From Rivals FedEx, USPS, UPS, November 29, 2021, retrieved January 29, 2022
36. ^ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: How Amazon's Super-Complex Shipping System Works, retrieved March 13, 2021
37. ^ a b The Sneeze: The Man Behind the FedEx Logo, November 16, 2004
38. ^ Jacopo Prisco. "Follow the arrow: Hidden designs in famous logos". CNN. Retrieved February 14, 2021.
39. ^ Birkner, Christine (August 24, 2016). "FedEx Is Making All of Its Logos Purple and Orange, Its Most Recognized Color Scheme". ADWEEK. Archived from the original on February 16, 2017.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
40. ^ "Federal Express Corporation". trademarkia.com. Trademarkia. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
41. ^ Gyanin, Noah (January 22, 2015). "Infographic: Evolution of Slogans". Noah Gyanin. Retrieved March 4, 2021.
42. ^ "TV Acres Advertising Mascots". Archived from the original on November 19, 2012. Retrieved September 18, 2008.
43. ^ Ourand, John; Smith, Michael; Lefton, Terry (May 3, 2010). "FedEx Name will Come off Orange Bowl". Sports Business Journal. Retrieved January 6, 2020.
44. ^ Marketing and Advertising | About FedEx. About.fedex.designcdt.com. Retrieved on July 11, 2011.
45. ^ "FedEx Forum". athleticbusiness.com. Athletic Business. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
46. ^ "and Rugby – The Heineken Cup – FedEx | United Kingdom". FedEx.com. May 24, 2014. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
47. ^ "Prepare thoroughly. Commit totally. Deliver". FedEx. FedEx. Retrieved February 22, 2016.
48. ^ "FedEx Becomes Official Sponsor of the UEFA Champions League" (Press release). FedEx.
49. ^ "100 Best Companies to Work For 2013 – FedEx Corporation – Fortune". CNN.
50. ^ "Board of directors". investors.fedex.com. Retrieved April 6, 2022.
51. ^ "FedEx – FedEx – Annual Reports". investors.fedex.com. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
52. ^ "Fortune 500 Companies 2018: Who Made the List". Fortune. Archived from the original on November 10, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
53. ^ "FedEx pledges $2 billion toward carbon-neutral operations by 2040, aims for all-electric fleet". www.msn.com. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
54. ^ Szymkowski, Sean. "FedEx pledges to go carbon-neutral by 2040 with EV delivery vans and more". Roadshow. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
55. ^ Gitlin, Jonathan M. (January 12, 2021). "FedEx will be the first customer for GM's new electric delivery van". Ars Technica. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
56. ^ "SEC filings | FedEx". investors.fedex.com. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
57. ^ importer (July 11, 2014). "FedEx Fuel Sense: Every Drop Counts". U.S. Chamber of Commerce Foundation. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
58. ^ "Top Organization Contributors". OpenSecrets.org. United States: OpenSecrets. 2020. Archived from the original on December 30, 2019. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
59. ^ Drinkard, Jim (January 17, 2005). "Donors get good seats, great access this week". USA Today. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
60. ^ "Financing the inauguration". USA Today. January 16, 2005. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
61. ^ "Some question inaugural's multi-million price tag". USA Today. January 14, 2005. Retrieved May 25, 2008.
62. ^ "FedEx Corp Lobbying Profile". OpenSecrets.org. United States: OpenSecrets. 2020. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
63. ^ "Air Transport Lobbying Profile". OpenSecrets.org. United States: OpenSecrets. 2020. Archived from the original on March 8, 2021. Retrieved January 2, 2020.
64. ^ Ron Da Parma (December 27, 2007). "IRS says FedEx may owe $319 million". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. Archived from the original on December 26, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
65. ^ a b c 'Brown Bailout?' Hardly, FactCheck.org
66. ^ "UPS, FedEx "Brown Bailout" battle rages on". Fleetowner.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2010. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
67. ^ Reuters Staff (July 29, 2020). "FedEx pilots, union call on company to suspend Hong Kong operations". Reuters. Retrieved September 15, 2020. `{{cite news}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
68. ^ Abrams, Rachel; Silver-Greenberg, Jessica (March 21, 2020). "'Terrified' Package Delivery Employees Are Going to Work Sick". The New York Times.
69. ^ Moyer, Justin (July 18, 2014). "FedEx indicted for drug dealing. Not a delivery guy — the whole company". The Washington Post.
70. ^ "FedEx Indicted For Its Role In Distributing Controlled Substances And Prescription Drugs". U.S. Department of Justice. July 17, 2014.
71. ^ Elias, Paul. "FedEx charges raise online pharmacy issues". Yahoo. Retrieved August 2, 2014.
72. ^ "A trial accusing FedEx of knowingly shipping illegal prescription drugs just ended suddenly". Business Insider. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
73. ^ Beckerman, Josh (June 20, 2016). "FedEx: Justice Department Dismisses Charges Over Online Pharmacy Shipments". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
74. ^ "Feds Drop Charges Claiming FedEx Knowingly Trafficked Illegal Prescription Drugs". Fortune. June 20, 2016. Retrieved August 24, 2016.
75. ^ Haag, Matthew; Hu, Winnie (October 27, 2019). "1.5 Million Packages a Day: The Internet Brings Chaos to N.Y. Streets (Published 2019)". The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
76. ^ Sachs, David (March 5, 2018). "FedEx, UPS Don't Seem to Care About Blocking Denver Bike Lanes. What Can Be Done?". Streetsblog Denver. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
77. ^ Meyer, David (August 1, 2018). "Just Another Day in New York City's Perpetually Blocked Bike Lanes". Streetsblog New York City. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
78. ^ Giambrone, Andrew (November 5, 2018). "Don't park in bike lanes, D.C. officials tell major mail carriers". Curbed DC. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
79. ^ Hsu, Tiffany (October 30, 2018). "FedEx Ends Deal for N.R.A. but Says It's Not Because of Pittsburgh Shooting (Published 2018)". The New York Times. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
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## External links[edit]

* United States portal
* Companies portal

* Media related to FedEx at Wikimedia Commons
* Official website
* Business data for FedEx:

* Google
* SEC filings
* Yahoo!

* v
* t
* e

FedEx Corporation

Established 1971

People|

| Executives|

* Frederick W. Smith (founder, chairman and CEO)
* Raj Subramaniam (president and COO)
* Robert B. Carter (CIO)

|

Board of
directors|

* Tricia Griffith
* Kimberly A. Jabal
* Shirley Ann Jackson
* R. Brad Martin
* Fred Perpall
* Joshua Cooper Ramo
* Susan Schwab
* David P. Steiner
* Paul S. Walsh

Operating
units|

| Express|

* Caribbean Transport Services
* TNT Express
* Custom Critical
* Cross Border

|

Ground|

* Home Delivery
* Ground Economy

Freight|

Freight Canada

Logistics|

* Air & Ocean Cargo Networks
* Customs Brokerage
* Forward Depots
* Supply Chain

Services|

* Customer Relations
* Delivery Manager

Office|

* Print and Ship Centers
* SameDay City

Air hubs|

* Memphis
* Indianapolis
* Anchorage
* Oakland
* Newark
* Fort Worth
* Miami
* Paris
* Kansai
* Guangzhou
* Cologne
* Toronto

Flight
accidents|

* Flight 14
* Flight 80
* Flight 630
* Flight 647
* Flight 705
* Flight 910
* Flight 1406
* Flight 1478

Related|

* American Freightways
* Asia Airfreight
* Caliber System
* Cast Away
* FedEx Field
* FedEx Forum
* FedEx Institute of Technology
* FedEx Racing
* Flying Tiger Line
* Indianapolis FedEx shooting
* KIAC
* Zapmail

* v
* t
* e

Trucking industry in the United States

Regulated by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
Economy of the United States

Regulations|

* Commercial driver's license
* Electronic on-board recorder
* Federal Bridge Gross Weight Formula
* Hours of service
* International Registration Plan
* Motor Carrier Act of 1980
* Motor carrier safety rating
* National Network

Manufacturers|

| Truck manufacturers|

* AM General
* American LaFrance
* Autocar
* Bering
* Bremach
* Brockway
* BYD Auto
* Caterpillar
* Chase
* Chevrolet
* CCC
* CNH Industrial
* Dart
* Diamond Reo
* Diamond T
* REO
* Dina
* F650 Supertruck
* Freightliner
* Ford
* GMC
* Hayes
* Fuso
* Hino
* Hyundai Motor America
* Hyzon
* Isuzu
* Marmon-Herrington
* Mercedes-Benz
* Moreland
* International
* Kenworth
* Mack
* Nissan
* Oshkosh
* Peterbilt
* Ram Trucks
* Selden
* Schacht
* Shyft Group
* Smith
* Spartan
* Sterling
* Tesla
* Tiger Truck
* Toyota
* Traffic
* UD Trucks
* VIA
* Volvo
* Ward LaFrance
* Western Star
* White
* Workhorse Group

|

Engine manufacturers|

* Caterpillar
* Cummins
* Detroit Diesel
* Mack
* MaxxForce
* Mercedes-Benz
* Paccar
* Volvo

Trailer manufacturers|

* Daseke
* Fontaine
* Fruehauf
* Great Dane
* Hyundai Translead
* Lufkin Trailers
* Utility Trailer Manufacturing Company
* Vanguard
* Wabash National
* Wilson

Motor carriers|

| Truckload carriers|

* Averitt Express
* Celadon
* CFI
* Covenant
* CRST
* FFE Transportation
* J. B. Hunt
* Knight-Swift
* Landstar System
* PAM Transport
* Patriot Transportation
* Roehl Transport
* Schneider
* Swift
* Werner
* WTI Transport

|

Less than truckload (LTL)|

* ABF
* Averitt Express
* Con-way Freight
* Consolidated Freightways
* Estes Express Lines
* FedEx Freight
* New England Motor Freight
* Old Dominion Freight Line
* R+L Carriers
* Saia
* Southeastern
* TForce Freight
* XPO Logistics
* Yellow Corporation

Third-party logistics providers|

* Access America Transport
* American Lamprecht Transport
* C. H. Robinson
* Freightquote
* CaseStack
* Ryder
* Total Quality Logistics
* Trailer Bridge
* XPO Logistics

National parcel carriers|

* DHL
* FedEx
* Greyhound
* UPS
* United States Postal Service

Regional parcel carriers|

* GLS
* LaserShip
* LSO
* OnTrac

Moving companies|

* Allied
* Atlas
* Bekins
* Gentle Giant Moving Company
* Global
* Interstate
* Mayflower
* National
* North American
* PODS
* Two Men and a Truck
* United
* Wheaton

Truck stops|

* Bowlin Travel Centers
* Dixie Travel Plaza
* Iowa 80
* Love's
* Pilot Flying J
* Road Ranger
* Roady's
* T/A & Petro
* Town Pump

People|

* Frederick W. Smith
* Iyman Faris
* J. Harwood Cochrane
* Jimmy Hoffa
* John Hunt
* Keith Jesperson
* Kelly Reno
* Reginald Denny

Organizations|

* American Moving & Storage Association
* American Trucking Associations
* DAT Solutions (Dial-A-Truck)
* International Brotherhood of Teamsters
* National Motor Freight Classification
* National Motor Freight Traffic Association
* National Private Truck Council
* SmartWay Transport Partnership

* Glossary of the American trucking industry

Popular culture|

| Film|

* Black Dog
* Breakdown
* Breaker! Breaker!
* Convoy
* Duel
* F.I.S.T.
* High-Ballin'
* Joy Ride
* Maximum Overdrive
* Over The Top
* Smokey & the Bandit
* They Drive by Night
* The Gang's All Here
* The Great Smokey Roadblock
* Trucker
* White Line Fever

|

Television|

* American Loggers
* American Trucker
* B. J. and the Bear
* Ice Road Truckers
* Movin' On
* Trick My Truck

Music|

* A Tombstone Every Mile
* Big Wheels in the Moonlight
* Bonnie Jean (Little Sister)
* Convoy
* Drivin' My Life Away
* East Bound and Down
* Eighteen Wheels and a Dozen Roses
* Giddyup Go
* Girl on the Billboard
* Movin' On
* Papa Loved Mama
* Phantom 309
* Roll On Big Mama
* Roll On (Eighteen Wheeler)
* Six Days on the Road
* Teddy Bear
* The White Knight

Radio|

* Dale Sommers
* Red Eye (Bill Mack)
* Road Dog Trucking (Dave Nemo)

Video games|

* 18 Wheeler: American Pro Trucker
* 18 Wheels of Steel
* American Truck Simulator
* Rig 'n' Roll
* Big Rigs: Over the Road Racing

Other|

* Citizens band radio
* The Rolling Memorial

* Note: Defunct companies are shown in italics

* v
* t
* e

Dow Jones Transportation Average components

* Alaska Air Group
* American Airlines Group
* Avis Budget Group
* C. H. Robinson
* CSX
* Delta Air Lines
* Expeditors International
* FedEx
* J. B. Hunt
* JetBlue
* Kirby
* Landstar System
* Matson
* Norfolk Southern
* Old Dominion Freight Line
* Ryder
* Southwest Airlines
* Union Pacific
* United Airlines Holdings
* United Parcel Service

* v
* t
* e

Logistics companies of the United States

* A-1 Express Delivery Service
* Access America Transport
* Air Cargo Inc
* American Lamprecht Transport
* American Letter Mail Company
* Amtrak Express
* Associated Global Systems
* BAX Global
* BlueGrace Logistics
* Braun's Express
* C. H. Robinson
* Caliber System
* CaseStack
* Cokem International
* Crowley Maritime
* CTSI-Global
* Deliv
* Dematic
* Doorman (company)
* Expeditors International
* EM6 Worldwide
* Farrow (customs brokerage)
* FedEx
* Flagler Global Logistics
* Flexport
* FreightCenter
* Freightquote
* Fresno Air Attack Base
* Gensteam
* Haven Inc.
* Kenco Group
* Landstar System
* LaserShip
* Lineage Logistics
* Liquidity Services
* Livingston International
* Logistics Management Institute
* Luggage Express
* MIQ Logistics
* Murphy Warehouse Company
* Naparex
* Navis Logistics Network
* Ozburn-Hessey Logistics
* PeriShip
* PLS Logistics
* Postmates
* Purolator International
* R+L Carriers
* Railway Express Agency
* Ryder
* Saltchuk
* Shyp
* Sierra National Forest Fire & Aviation Management
* Total Quality Logistics
* United Parcel Service
* UShip
* XPO Logistics
* Zipline International

Authority control

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* Israel
* United States

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