Government of Bangladesh

Legislative, Executive and Judiciary of Bangladesh

This article is about the collective executive of Bangladesh. For the entire governing system of Bangladesh, see Politics of Bangladesh.

Government of Bangladesh

Bengali: বাংলাদেশ সরকার

Central government

National Emblem · Government Seal

Overview
Established| 10 April 1971; 53 years ago (1971-04-10)
State| People's Republic of Bangladesh
Leader| Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina
Appointed by| President Mohammed Shahabuddin
Main organ| Cabinet of Bangladesh
Ministries| 43 ministries, 353 departments and directorates
Responsible to| Jatiya Sangsad
Annual budget| ৳ 6,78,064 crore
Headquarters| Bangladesh Secretariat, Dhaka
Website| bangladesh.gov.bd
This article is part of a series on the

Politics of the
People's Republic of Bangladesh

Constitution

* Amendments
* Law of Bangladesh
* Bangladesh Code
* Penal Code
* Human rights
* Article 70
* Judicial review

Government

* President: Mohammed Shahabuddin

* Prime Minister: Sheikh Hasina

* Cabinet: Hasina V

* Taxation
* Agencies
* Civil Service
* Local governments

Parliament

* Speaker: Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury
* Leader of the House: Sheikh Hasina
* Leader of the Opposition: GM Quader

Judiciary

* Supreme Court:
* Appellate Division
* High Court Division

* District courts

* Metropolitan courts

* Chief Justice: Obaidul Hassan

* Attorney General: AM Amin Uddin
* Bangladesh Bar Council

Administrative divisions

* Divisions

* Districts

* Subdistricts

* Local Councils

Elections

* Parliamentary constituencies
* Election commission
*     * General: 2018
* 2024
* 2029

*     * Presidential: 2018
* 2023
* 2028

* Political parties

Foreign relations

* Ministry of Foreign Affairs

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of / in Bangladesh

* * *

* Nationality law
* Passport
* Visa requirements
* Visa policy

* * *

* Foreign relations
* Bangladeshi diaspora

Bangladesh portal

* Other countries

* v
* t
* e

The Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ সরকার — Gôṇôprôjātôntrī bānglādēsh shôrkār) is the central executive government of Bangladesh. The government was constituted by the Constitution of Bangladesh consisting the executive represented by the president, prime minister and cabinet. The legislature represented by the Jatiya Sangsad and the judiciary, represented by the Supreme Court. Bangladesh is a unitary state[1] and the central government has the authority to govern over the entirety of the nation. The seat of the government is located in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.[2][3][4]

The executive government is led by the prime minister, who selects all the remaining ministers. The prime minister and the other most senior ministers belong to the supreme decision-making committee, known as the Cabinet. The current prime minister is Sheikh Hasina, leader of the Bangladesh Awami League, who was sworn in by the president on 6 January 2009 following the general election on 29 December 2008. The Awami League led by her, and its Grand Alliance (a total of 14 parties) won two-thirds majority in the elections. Numerically, the party controls 230 seats out of 299.[5]

## Head of state[edit]

The President is the Head of State, a largely ceremonial post. The real power is held by the Prime Minister, who is the head of government. The president is elected by the legislature every five years and has normally limited powers that are substantially expanded during the tenure of a caretaker government, mainly in controlling the transition to a new government. Bangladesh has instituted a unique system of transfer of power; at the end of the tenure of the government, power is handed over to members of a civil society for three months, who run the general elections and transfer the power to elected representatives. This system was first practiced in 1991 and adopted to the constitution in 1996.[6]

As head of the state, the president can grant pardon to a man sentenced to death penalty or lessen the punishment. In some cases, it also performs some legislative and judicial functions.

## Prime Minister[edit]

The Prime Minister is ceremonially appointed by the President, commanding the confidence of the majority of the MPs. The cabinet is composed of selected ministers. The Prime Minister exercises supreme power in Bangladesh.

## Cabinet[edit]

Main article: Cabinet of Bangladesh

The executive administrates the country and executes the laws, passed by the legislature. It maintains the internal law and order in the country. It also maintains relationship with foreign countries. It works for defence, liberty and sovereignty of the country.

## Agencies[edit]

Main article: Government agencies in Bangladesh

The executive calculates the income and expenditure of the government. It also performs various public welfare services such as; education, agriculture, establishment of industry, trade & commerce, land reform, tax and revenue collection. Beside this, it also accepts and implements various development projects.

## Government in Parliament[edit]

See also: Jatiya Sangsad

The legislature of Bangladesh is unicameral. Called the Jatiya Sangsad in Bengali, it is the parliament of Bangladesh. The Speaker presides over meetings of the Jatiya Sangsad and conducts its business in an orderly fashion. The current Jatiya Sangsad contains 350 seats, including 50 seats reserved exclusively for women and 300 seats for elected members, which are apportioned on elected party position in the parliament. The eleventh national parliamentary election was held on 30 December 2018.[7] The current speaker is Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury, who is presiding over the eleventh Parliament. She is the first woman to have held this office.

## Local Government[edit]

Main article: Local government in Bangladesh

At the local government level, the country is divided into divisions, districts, subdistricts (Upazila), unions, and villages. The lowest level of local government representative are Local officials of union council those who are elected at the union level election. All larger administrative units are run by members of the civil service.

## Finance[edit]

See also: Economy of Bangladesh

### Taxation[edit]

Main article: Taxation in Bangladesh

### Annual budget[edit]

See also: 2022 National budget of Bangladesh

## Issues[edit]

### Corruption[edit]

Main article: Corruption in Bangladesh

### Separation of powers[edit]

See also: Secretary, Ministry of Finance v Masdar Hossain

## See also[edit]

* Politics of Bangladesh
* List of office-holders in the Government of Bangladesh

## References[edit]

1. ^ "Article 1". Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. 4 November 1972. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
2. ^ "Part VI: The Executive". Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. 4 November 1972. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
3. ^ "Part V: The Legislature". Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. 4 November 1972. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
4. ^ "Part VI: The Judiciary". Legislative and Parliamentary Affairs Division, Ministry of Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs. 4 November 1972. Retrieved 23 July 2021.
5. ^ "Hasina wins Bangladesh landslide" Archived 16 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine, BBC
6. ^ 14th Amendment, Constitution of Bangladesh, 1996.
7. ^ "New MPs take oath". The Daily Star. 9 January 2014. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 4 February 2018.

* v
* t
* e

Bangladesh articles

History|

* Timeline
* Outline
* Topics:
* Bengal
* Aviation
* Literature
* Military
* Postal
* Rulers
* Cyclones
* Years

| Ancient|

* Vedic period
* Anga
* Vanga
* Pundra
* Suhma Kingdom
* Magadha
* Pradyota
* Shaishunaga
* Nanda
* Gangaridai
* Maurya Empire
* Shunga Empire
* Kanva dynasty
* Gupta Empire

|

Classical and Medieval|

* Founding Kingdom:
* Gauda Kingdom
* Classical Empires:
* Pala
* Kamboja
* Sena
* Sultanates:
* Islamic rulers
* Delhi Sultanate
* Khalji dynasty
* Bengal Sultanate
* Sur Empire
* Baro-Bhuyan
* Mughal period:
* Bengal Subah
* Nawabs of Bengal
* Battle of Plassey

Colonial and Pakistan era|

* Portuguese Bengala
* British Bengal:
* Famine of 1770
* Sepoy Rebellion
* Bengal Renaissance
* Partition of Bengal (1905)
* Prime Minister of Bengal
* Lahore Resolution
* Famine of 1943
* Direct Action Day
* Partition of Bengal (1947)
* East Pakistan:
* Language Movement
* Legislative election in 1954
* Six point movement
* 1969 Uprising
* General election in 1970
* Proclamation of Independence
* Bangladesh Liberation War:
* Provisional Government
* Genocide
* Rape
* Timeline

Republic of Bangladesh|

* Famine of 1974
* Military coups
* 1975
* 1981
* 1982
* 1990 Uprising
* Political crisis in 2006–08
* Bangladesh Rifles revolt
* Battle of Begums
* Protests in 2013

Regional|

* Chittagong
* Dhaka
* Jessore
* Noakhali
* Rangpur
* Sylhet

Geography|

* Administrative:
* Divisions
* Districts
* Sub-districts
* Cities and towns
* Borders
* Nature:
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* National parks
* Rivers
* Places:
* Bay of Bengal
* Bengal Fan
* Chittagong Hill Tracts
* Cox's Bazar
* Ganges Basin
* Ganges Delta
* Hatirjheel
* Sundarbans
* World Heritage Sites

Politics|

| Government|

* Executive:
* President
* List
* Prime Minister
* List
* Cabinet
* Elections:
* Election Commission
* General elections
* Presidential elections
* Political parties
* Foreign relations
* Foreign policies
* Jatiya Sangsad (parliament):
* Constituencies
* Speaker
* Local government:
* City corporations
* Municipalities
* Upazila Parishads
* Union councils
* Law:
* Constitution
* Supreme Court
* High Court Division
* International Crimes Tribunal
* Chief Justice
* Attorney General
* Human rights:
* Forced disappearance
* Freedom of religion
* LGBT rights
* Women

|

Military and enforcement|

* Armed Forces:
* Army
* Navy
* Air Force
* Paramilitary:
* Border Guard
* Coast Guard
* Ansar
* Village Defence Party
* President Guard Regiment
* Special Security Force

* Intelligence:
* NSI
* DGFI
* CTIB
* Special Branch
* Police:
* APBn
* CID
* CTTC
* PBI
* RAB
* SPBn

Economy|

* Bangladesh Planning Commission
* Industries:
* Automotive
* Ceramics
* Electronics
* Food
* Pharmaceutical
* Textile
* Shipbuilding
* Steel
* Tea production
* Finance sectors:
* Banking
* Bangladesh Bank (central bank)
* Bangladeshi taka (currency)
* Financial system
* Stock Exchange:
* Chittagong
* Dhaka
* 2011 scam
* Energy and resources:
* Energy policy
* Electricity
* Natural gas and petroleum
* Nuclear energy
* Renewable energy
* Export Processing Zones
* Agriculture:
* Rice
* Poultry
* Fishing
* Forestry
* Tourism
* Poverty
* Infrastructure:
* Post
* Telecommunications
* Real estate
* Water supply and sanitation
* Transport:
* Airports
* Airlines
* Railway
* Roads
* Ports

Society|

| Demographics|

* Ethnic groups
* Bangladeshis
* Bengalis
* Names
* Crime
* Corruption
* Human trafficking
* Terrorism
* Education
* Schools
* Universities
* Health
* Hunger
* Religion
* Society

|

Culture|

* Architecture
* Bangaliana
* Baul
* Bangladeshi nationalism
* Bengalization
* Calendars
* Cinema
* Cuisine
* Language
* Bengal studies
* Literature
* Music
* Public holidays
* Sports
* Theatre
* Radio stations
* Sexuality
* Marriage

Symbols|

* Amar Shonar Bangla
* Bangamata
* Bengal fire
* Bengal tiger
* Bungalow
* Flag
* Government Seal
* Ilish
* Jackfruit
* Kabaddi
* Bengal cat
* Mango tree
* National Emblem
* National Martyrs' Memorial
* Notuner Gaan
* Oriental magpie-robin
* Water lily
* Inventions and discoveries

* Outline
* Index

* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Government of Asia

Sovereign states|

* Afghanistan
* Armenia
* Azerbaijan
* Bahrain
* Bangladesh
* Bhutan
* Brunei
* Cambodia
* China
* Cyprus
* East Timor (Timor-Leste)
* Egypt
* Georgia
* India
* Indonesia
* Iran
* Iraq
* Israel
* Japan
* Jordan
* Kazakhstan
* North Korea
* South Korea
* Kuwait
* Kyrgyzstan
* Laos
* Lebanon
* Malaysia
* Maldives
* Mongolia
* Myanmar
* Nepal
* Oman
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Qatar
* Russia
* Saudi Arabia
* Singapore
* Sri Lanka
* Syria
* Tajikistan
* Thailand
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* United Arab Emirates
* Uzbekistan
* Vietnam
* Yemen

States with
limited recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Northern Cyprus
* Palestine
* South Ossetia
* Taiwan

Dependencies and
other territories|

* British Indian Ocean Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* Hong Kong
* Macau

* Category
* Asia portal

* v
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* e

Politics of Bangladesh

Government

* Prime Minister: Sheikh Hasina

Government Agencies

*     * Cabinet
* Secretariat

* President (Bangabhaban)
* Prime Minister (Prime Minister's Office − Armed Forces Division − Cabinet Division)
* Public Administration (Local Government − Chittagong Hill Tracts Affairs)
* Defence (Liberation War Affairs)
* Foreign Affairs (Expatriates' Welfare and Overseas Employment)
* Commerce (Industries \- Textiles and Jute)
* Communications (Information)
* Finance (Planning)
* Land (Housing and Public Works)
* Science and Technology
* Transport: (Road and Bridges − Railways − Shipping − Civil Aviation)
* Agriculture (Food − Fisheries and Livestock)
* Energy
* Environment, Forest and Climate Change (Water Resources \- Disaster Management and Relief)
* Education (Primary and Mass Education)
* Culture (Tourism -Sports)
* Health and Family Welfare
* Home Affairs
* Justice
* Labour and Employment (Social Welfare)
* Religious Affairs
* Women and Children Affairs

List of Cabinets|

* Mujib I (1971–72)
* Mujib II (1972–73)
* Mujib III (1973–75)
* Mujib IV (1975)
* Mostaq (1975)
* Sayem (1975–77)
* Aziz (1977–82)
* Sattar (1981–82)
* Ershad (1982–90)
* Shahabuddin (1990–91)
* Khaleda I (1991–96)
* Habibur (1996)
* Hasina I (1996–01)
* Latif (2001)
* Khaleda II (2001–06)
* Iajuddin (2006–07)
* Fakhruddin (2007–08)
* Hasina II (2009–14)
* Hasina III (2014–19)
* Hasina IV (2019-24)
* Hasina V (since 2024)

Parliament

* Speaker: Shirin Sharmin Chaudhury

Parliament|

* Jatiya Sangsad
* Jatiya Sangsad Bhaban
* Sangsad Television
* Constituencies
* Elections
* Committees
* Secretariat
* Library

Leaders|

* Speaker
* Deputy Speaker
* Leader of the House
* Deputy Leader of the House
* Leader of the Opposition
* Chief Whips

Judiciary

* Chief Justice: Hasan Foez Siddique

Law|

* Constitution
* Amendments
* Fundamental rights
* Human rights
* Article 70
* Judicial review
* Legitimate expectation

Ordinary courts|

* Supreme Court:
* Appellate Division
* High Court Division
* Chief Justice
* Attorney General

* District Courts:
* Judge Court
* Session Court
* Magistrate Court

* Metropolitan Courts:
* Session Court
* Magistrate Court

Specialized Courts & Tribunals|

| Constitutional Court|

* None

|

Administrative Court|

* Administrative Tribunals

Finance Court|

* Money Loan Courts
* Insolvency Courts
* Income Tax Appellate Tribunals
* Special Tribunal for Share Market Scam

Labour Court|

* Labour Courts

Court of Justice|

* Family court
* Women and Child Repression Crime Prevention Tribunal
* International Crimes Tribunal

Social Court|

* Druto Bichar Tribunal
* Bangladesh Cyber Tribunal

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF

National|

* Germany

Academics|

* CiNii

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