Idiopidae

Family of spiders

Armored trapdoor spiders

Idiops constructor, male
Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Arthropoda
Subphylum:  | Chelicerata
Class:  | Arachnida
Order:  | Araneae
Infraorder:  | Mygalomorphae
Clade:  | Avicularioidea
Family:  | Idiopidae
Simon, 1889
Diversity
22 genera, 426 species

Gorgyrella sp.

Idiopidae, also known as armored trapdoor spiders,[1] is a family of mygalomorph[2] spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1889.[3] They have a large body similar to tarantulas.

## Description[edit]

In some species the males have a spur on their legs, which they will show if provoked.[4] Idiopidae build burrows, and some species close these with a door. The about 2 cm long Prothemenops siamensis from Thailand builds its retreat in a streamside vertical earth bank in lower montane rain forest. Each burrow had two or three entrances that lead into a main tube. Its lateral posterior spinnerets are elongated.[5]

The oldest known idiopid, Number 16, died at the age of 43 years.[6]

## Genera[edit]

Main article: List of Idiopidae species

As of 2019, the World Spider Catalog accepts the following genera:[7]

* Arbanitis L. Koch, 1874 — Australia
* Blakistonia Hogg, 1902 — Australia
* Bungulla Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017 — Australia
* Cantuaria Hogg, 1902 — New Zealand, Australia
* Cataxia Rainbow, 1914 — Australia
* Ctenolophus Purcell, 1904 — South Africa
* Eucanippe Rix, Main, Raven & Harvey, 2017
* Eucyrtops Pocock, 1897 — Australia
* Euoplos Rainbow, 1914 — Australia
* Gaius Rainbow, 1914 — Australia
* Galeosoma Purcell, 1903 — South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana
* Genysa Simon, 1889 — Madagascar
* Gorgyrella Purcell, 1902 — Zimbabwe, Tanzania, South Africa
* Heligmomerus Simon, 1892 — Africa, Asia
* Hiboka Fage, 1922 — Madagascar
* Idiops Perty, 1833 — South America, Africa, Asia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Idiosoma Ausserer, 1871 — Australia
* Neocteniza Pocock, 1895 — Central America, South America
* Prothemenops Schwendinger, 1991 — Thailand
* Scalidognathus Karsch, 1892 — India, Sri Lanka
* Segregara Tucker, 1917 — South Africa
* Titanidiops Simon, 1903 — Morocco

## See also[edit]

* List of Idiopidae species

## References[edit]

1. ^ American Arachnological Society Committee on Common Names of Arachnids (2003). Common Names of Arachnids (PDF) (Report) (Fifth ed.).
2. ^ Raven, R.J. (1985). "The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 182.
3. ^ Simon, E. (1889). Arachnides.
4. ^ Find-a-spider Guide
5. ^ Murphy, Frances; Murphy, John (2000). "An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia". Malaysian Nature Society Kuala Lumpur.
6. ^ Leanda Denise Mason; Grant Wardell-Johnson; Barbara York Main (2018). "The longest-lived spider: mygalomorphs dig deep, and persevere". Pacific Conservation Biology. 24 (2): 203. doi:10.1071/PC18015.
7. ^ "Family: Idiopidae Simon, 1889". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2019-04-22.

## External links[edit]

Wikispecies has information related to Idiopidae.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Idiopidae.

* Find-a-spider Guide: Images of several species

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Extant Araneae families

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Arthropoda
* Subphylum: Chelicerata
* Class: Arachnida

Suborder Mesothelae

* Liphistiidae (segmented spiders)

Suborder Opisthothelae

| Mygalomorphae|

* Actinopodidae (mouse spiders and relatives)
* Antrodiaetidae (folding trapdoor spiders)
* Atracidae (Australian funnel-web spiders)
* Atypidae (atypical tarantulas or purseweb spiders)
* Barychelidae (brushed trapdoor spiders)
* Ctenizidae (cork-lid trapdoor spiders)
* Cyrtaucheniidae (wafer trapdoor spiders)
* Dipluridae (funnel-web tarantulas)
* Euctenizidae
* Halonoproctidae
* Hexathelidae (funnel-webs or venomous funnel-web tarantulas)
* Idiopidae
* Macrothelidae
* Mecicobothriidae (dwarf tarantulas)
* Microstigmatidae
* Migidae (tree trapdoor spiders)
* Nemesiidae (funnel-web tarantulas)
* Paratropididae (bald-legged spiders)
* Porrhothelidae
* Theraphosidae (true tarantulas)

Araneomorphae|

| Non-entelegynes|

* Archaeidae (pelican spiders)
* Austrochilidae
* Caponiidae
* Diguetidae (coneweb spiders)
* Drymusidae (false violin spiders)
* Dysderidae (woodlouse hunters)
* Filistatidae (crevice weaver spiders)
* Gradungulidae (large-clawed spiders)
* Huttoniidae
* Hypochilidae (lampshade spiders)
* Leptonetidae
* Mecysmaucheniidae
* Ochyroceratidae (midget ground weavers)
* Oonopidae (goblin spiders)
* Orsolobidae
* Pacullidae
* Palpimanidae (palp-footed spiders)
* Periegopidae
* Pholcidae (cellar spiders)
* Plectreuridae
* Scytodidae (spitting spiders)
* Segestriidae (tube-dwelling spiders)
* Sicariidae (violin spiders, assassin spiders)
* Stenochilidae
* Telemidae (long-legged cave spiders)
* Tetrablemmidae (armored spiders)
* Trogloraptoridae (Trogloraptor marchingtoni)

Entelegynae|

* Agelenidae (araneomorph funnel weavers)
* Amaurobiidae (tangled nest spiders)
* Ammoxenidae (termite hunters)
* Anapidae
* Anyphaenidae (anyphaenid sac spiders)
* Araneidae (orb-weaver spiders)
* Arkyidae
* Cheiracanthiidae
* Cithaeronidae
* Clubionidae (sac spiders)
* Corinnidae (dark sac spiders)
* Ctenidae (wandering spiders or tropical wolf spiders)
* Cyatholipidae
* Cybaeidae
* Cycloctenidae
* Deinopidae (net-casting spiders)
* Desidae (intertidal spiders)
* Dictynidae
* Eresidae (velvet spiders)
* Gallieniellidae
* Gnaphosidae (flat-bellied ground spiders)
* Hahniidae (dwarf sheet spiders)
* Hersiliidae (tree trunk spiders)
* Homalonychidae
* Lamponidae (white-tailed spiders)
* Linyphiidae (sheet weavers or money spiders)
* Liocranidae (liocranid sac spiders)
* Lycosidae (wolf spiders)
* Malkaridae (shield spiders)
* Megadictynidae
* Mimetidae (pirate spiders)
* Miturgidae
* Mysmenidae (spurred orb-weavers)
* Nesticidae (cave cobweb spiders)
* Nicodamidae (red and black spiders)
* Oecobiidae (disc web spiders)
* Oxyopidae (lynx spiders)
* Penestomidae
* Philodromidae (running crab spiders)
* Phrurolithidae
* Physoglenidae
* Phyxelididae
* Pimoidae
* Pisauridae (nursery web spiders) (including Halidae)
* Psechridae
* Salticidae (jumping spiders)
* Selenopidae
* Senoculidae (bark hunters)
* Sparassidae (huntsman spiders)
* Stiphidiidae
* Symphytognathidae (dwarf orb-weavers)
* Synaphridae
* Synotaxidae
* Tetragnathidae (long jawed orb-weavers)
* Theridiidae (tangle-web spiders)
* Theridiosomatidae (ray spiders)
* Thomisidae (crab spiders)
* Titanoecidae
* Toxopidae
* Trachelidae
* Trechaleidae
* Trochanteriidae
* Udubidae
* Uloboridae (cribellate orb weavers)
* Viridasiidae
* Xenoctenidae
* Zodariidae (ant spiders)
* Zoropsidae

* Spider taxonomy
* Bold are families with more than 1000 species

Taxon identifiers|

* Wikidata: Q10579
* Wikispecies: Idiopidae
* ADW: Idiopidae
* AFD: Idiopidae
* BioLib: 231737
* BOLD: 289495
* CoL: BD8
* EoL: 8784
* Fauna Europaea: 10632
* Fauna Europaea (new): 32c84f98-3f4e-4213-8ab1-834fd9f98990
* GBIF: 7376
* iNaturalist: 143554
* IRMNG: 108384
* ITIS: 847729
* NCBI: 196121
* NZOR: 3999b882-5803-4f58-9e6b-704bfdcf0c40
* uBio: 4933972
* WSC: urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spiderfam:0012

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