Kaiju

Japanese media genre

Poster for Godzilla (1954), widely considered the first official kaiju film

Kaiju (Japanese: 怪獣, Hepburn: Kaijū, lit. 'Strange Beast') is a Japanese term that is commonly associated with media involving giant monsters. A subgenre of science fiction, it was created by Eiji Tsuburaya and Ishirō Honda.[1] The term can also refer to the giant monsters themselves, which are usually depicted attacking major cities and battling either the military or other monsters.

Director Ishirō Honda and tokusatsu director Eiji Tsuburaya's 1954 film Godzilla is often regarded as the first kaiju film. Kaiju characters are often somewhat metaphorical in nature; Godzilla, for example, serves as a metaphor for nuclear weapons, reflecting the fears of post-war Japan following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the Lucky Dragon 5 incident. Other notable examples of kaiju characters include King Kong, Rodan, Mothra, King Ghidorah and Gamera. Directors Ishirō Honda and Eiji Tsuburaya drew inspiration from the character of King Kong, both in its influential 1933 film and in the conception of a giant monster, establishing it as a pivotal precursor in the evolution of the genre.[2]

## Origin[edit]

The Japanese word kaijū originally referred to monsters and creatures from ancient Japanese legends;[3] it earlier appeared in the Chinese Classic of Mountains and Seas.[4][5] There are no traditional depictions of kaijū or kaijū-like creatures among the yōkai of Japanese folklore,[6] although it is possible to find megafauna in their mythology (e.g., Japanese dragons). After sakoku ended and Japan was opened to foreign relations in the mid-19th century, the term kaijū came to be used to express concepts from paleontology and legendary creatures from around the world. For example, the extinct Ceratosaurus-like cryptid featured in The Monster of "Partridge Creek" (1908) by French writer Georges Dupuy[7] was referred to as kaijū.[8] It is worthy to note that in the Meiji era, Jules Verne’s works were introduced to the Japanese public, achieving great success around 1890.[9]

Genre elements were present at the end of Winsor McCay's 1921 animated short Dreams of the Rarebit Fiend: The Pet,[10] in which a mysterious giant animal starts destroying the city, until it is countered by a massive airstrike. It was based on a 1905 episode of McCay's comic strip series.[11]

The 1925 film The Lost World (adapted from Arthur Conan Doyle's 1912 novel of the same name), featured many dinosaurs, including a brontosaurus that breaks loose in London and destroys Tower Bridge. The dinosaurs of  The Lost World were animated by pioneering stop motion techniques by Willis H. O'Brien, who would some years later animate the giant gorilla-like creature breaking loose in New York City, for the 1933 film King Kong (1933). The enormous success of King Kong can be seen as the definitive breakthrough of monster movies. This influential achievement of King Kong paved the way for the emergence of the giant monster genre, serving as a blueprint for future kaiju productions. Its success reverberated in the film industry, leaving a lasting impact and solidifying the figure of the giant monster as an essential component in genre cinematography.[2] RKO Pictures later licensed the King Kong character to the Japanese studio Toho, resulting in the co-productions King Kong vs. Godzilla (1962) and King Kong Escapes (1967), both directed by Ishirō Honda.

Yoshirō Edamasa directed The Great Buddha Arrival in 1934. Although the original film is now lost, stills of the film have survived, and it is one of the earliest examples of a kaiju film in Japanese cinematic history.[12]

In 1942 Fleischer Studios released The Arctic Giant, the fourth of seventeen animated short films based upon the DC Comics character Superman, in which he has to stop a giant dinosaur from attacking the city of Metropolis.

Ray Bradbury's short story "The Fog Horn" (1951) served as the basis for The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953), featuring a fictional dinosaur (animated by Ray Harryhausen), which is released from its frozen, hibernating state by an atomic bomb test within the Arctic Circle. The American movie was released in Japan in 1954 under the title The Atomic Kaiju Appears, marking the first use of the genre's name in a film title.[13] However, Godzilla, released in 1954, is commonly regarded as the first Japanese kaiju film. Tomoyuki Tanaka, a producer for Toho Studios in Tokyo, needed a film to release after his previous project was halted. Seeing how well the Hollywood giant monster movie genre films King Kong (1933) and The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953) had done in Japanese box offices, and himself a fan of these films, he set out to make a new movie based on them and created Godzilla.[14] Tanaka aimed to combine Hollywood giant monster movies with the re-emerged Japanese fears of atomic weapons that arose from the Daigo Fukuryū Maru fishing boat incident; and so he put a team together and created the concept of a giant radioactive creature emerging from the depths of the ocean, a creature that would become the monster Godzilla.[15] Godzilla initially had commercial success in Japan, inspiring other kaiju movies.[16]

* King Kong (1933) was a major influence on the Japanese kaiju genre.

* The Arctic Giant (1942) is one of pioneering productions to depict Godzilla-esque characters to attack a modern civilization.[17]

* The Gamera franchise played a significant role in forming kaiju genre along with the Godzilla franchise.

## Terminology[edit]

Mothra attacking a city in the 1961 film Mothra

The term kaijū translates literally as "strange beast".[18] Kaiju can be antagonistic, protagonistic, or a neutral force of nature but are more specifically preternatural creatures of divine power. Succinctly, they are not merely, "big animals". Godzilla, for example, from its first appearance in the initial 1954 entry in the Godzilla franchise, has manifest all of these aspects. Other examples of kaiju include Rodan, Mothra, King Ghidorah, Anguirus, King Kong, Gamera, Daimajin, Gappa, Guilala, and Yonggary. There are also subcategories including Mecha Kaiju (Meka-Kaijū), featuring mechanical or cybernetic characters, including Moguera, Mechani-Kong, Mechagodzilla, and Gigan, which are an offshoot of kaiju. Likewise, the collective subcategory Ultra-Kaiju (Urutora-Kaijū) is a separate strata of kaijū that specifically originate in the long-running Ultra Series franchise but can also be referred to simply by kaijū. As a noun, kaijū is an invariant, as both the singular and the plural expressions are identical.[citation needed]

### Kaijin[edit]

"Kaijin" redirects here. For the humanoid sea creature, see Hairen.

(怪人 lit. "Strange person") refers to distorted human beings or humanoid-like creatures. The origin of kaijin goes back to the early 20th Century Japanese literature, starting with Edogawa Rampo's 1936 novel, The Fiend with Twenty Faces. The story introduced Edogawa's master detective, Kogoro Akechi's arch-nemesis, the eponymous "Fiend", a mysterious master of disguise, whose real face was unknown; the Moriarty to Akechi's Sherlock. Catching the public's imagination, many such literary and movie (and later television) villains took on the mantle of kaijin. To be clear, kaijin is not an offshoot of kaiju. The first-ever kaijin that appeared on film was The Great Buddha Arrival a lost film, made in 1934. After the Pacific War, the term was modernized when it was adopted to describe the bizarre, genetically engineered and cybernetically enhanced evil humanoid spawn conceived for the Kamen Rider Series in 1971. This created a new splinter of the term, which quickly propagated through the popularity of superhero programs produced from the 1970s, forward. These kaijin possess rational thought and the power of speech, as do human beings. A successive kaijin menagerie, in diverse iterations, appeared over numerous series, most notably the Super Sentai programs premiering in 1975 (later carried over into Super Sentai's English iteration as Power Rangers in the 1990s).

This created yet another splinter, as the kaijin of Super Sentai have since evolved to feature unique forms and attributes (e.g., gigantism), existing somewhere between kaijin and kaiju.[citation needed]

### Daikaiju[edit]

"Daikaiju" redirects here. For other uses, see Daikaiju (disambiguation).

Daikaijū (大怪獣) literally translates as "giant kaiju" or "great kaiju". This hyperbolic term was used to denote greatness of the subject kaiju, the prefix dai- emphasizing great size, power, and/or status. The first known appearance of the term daikaiju in the 20th Century was in the publicity materials for the original 1954 release of Godzilla. Specifically, in the subtitle on the original movie poster, Suibaku Daikaiju Eiga (水爆大怪獣映画), lit. "H-Bomb Giant Monster Movie" (in proper English, "The Giant H-Bomb Monster Movie").[citation needed] Gamera, the Giant Monster, the first film of the Gamera franchise in 1965, also utilized the term where the Japanese title of the film is Daikaijū Gamera (大怪獣ガメラ).

### Seijin[edit]

Seijin (星人 lit. "star people"), appears within Japanese words for extraterrestrial aliens, such as Kaseijin (火星人), which means "Martian". Aliens can also be called uchūjin (宇宙人) which means "spacemen". Among the best known Seijin in the genre can be found in the Ultra Series, such as Alien Baltan from Ultraman, a race of cicada-like aliens who have gone on to become one of the franchise's most enduring and recurring characters other than the Ultras themselves.[citation needed]

Toho has produced a variety of kaiju films over the years (many of which feature Godzilla, Rodan, and Mothra), but other Japanese studios contributed to the genre by producing films and shows of their own: Daiei Film (Kadokawa Pictures), Tsuburaya Productions, and Shochiku and Nikkatsu Studios.[citation needed]

## Monster techniques[edit]

An Anguirus suit used for the 1955 film Godzilla Raids Again

Eiji Tsuburaya, who was in charge of the special effects for Godzilla, developed a technique to animate the kaiju that became known colloquially as "suitmation".[19] Where Western monster movies often used stop motion to animate the monsters, Tsubaraya decided to attempt to create suits, called "creature suits", for a human (suit actor) to wear and act in.[20] This was combined with the use of miniature models and scaled-down city sets to create the illusion of a giant creature in a city.[21] Due to the extreme stiffness of the latex or rubber suits, filming would often be done at double speed, so that when the film was shown, the monster was smoother and slower than in the original shot.[14] Kaiju films also used a form of puppetry interwoven between suitmation scenes for shots that were physically impossible for the suit actor to perform. From the 1998 release of Godzilla, American-produced kaiju films strayed from suitmation to computer-generated imagery (CGI). In Japan, CGI and stop-motion have been increasingly used for certain special sequences and monsters, but suitmation has been used for an overwhelming majority of kaiju films produced in Japan of all eras.[21][22]

## Selected media[edit]

### Films[edit]

Main article: List of films featuring giant monsters

### Manga[edit]

* Cloverfield/Kishin (Kadokawa Shoten; 2008)
* Godzilla manga (Toho, Shogakukan, Kodansha; 1954–present)
* Go Nagai Creator of Kaijus
* Garla (ガルラ, garura)(June 1976 – March 1978 Published by Tomy Company, Ltd.)
* MachineSaur (マシンザウラー, マシンサウル, Machine Sauer, Mashinzaura)(December 1979 – March 1986 Published by Tomy Company, Ltd.)
* Attack on Titan (Kodansha; 2009–2021)
* Kaiju Girl Caramelise (2018)
* Neon Genesis Evangelion (Kadokawa Shoten; 1994 – 2013)
* ULTRAMAN (Shogakukan; 2011–present)
* Kaiju No. 8 (Shueisha; 2020–present)

### Novels[edit]

* Nemesis Saga by Jeremy Robinson (St Martins Press/Breakneck Media; 2013–2016). A series of six novels featuring Nemesis, Karkinos, Typhon, Scylla, Drakon, Scryon, Giger, Lovecraft, Ashtaroth and Hyperion (Mechakaiju)
* The Kaiju Preservation Society by John Scalzi (Tor; 2022).

### Comics[edit]

* Godzilla comics (Toho, Marvel Comics, Dark Horse Comics, IDW; 1976–present)
* Tokyo Storm Warning (Wildstorm; 2003)
* Enormous (Image Comics; 2012, 2014, 2021–present) as Future Released.
* The Kaiju Score (AfterShock; 2020–present)
* The Stone King (ComiXology Original; 2018–present)
* Dinosaurs Attack! (Topps Comics/IDW; 1988, 2013)
* The Nemesis Saga comics by Jeremy Robinson and Matt Frank (American Gothic Press/IDW Publishing; 2015–2016)

### Video games[edit]

* Godzilla video games (Toho, Pipeworks, Bandai; 1983–present)
* Ultraman video games (Tsuburaya; 1984–present)
* Gamera Video games (Kadokawa of Games; 1995–present as North American released)
* Time Gal (Taito; 1985)
* Shadow of the Colossus (developed by SCE Japan Studio and Team Ico, and published by Sony Computer Entertainment, 2005)
* Shadow of the Colossus remake (developed by Bluepoint Games, and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment, 2018)
* King of the Monsters (SNK; 1991)
* Rampage (1986) (formerly owned by Midway Games and now owned by its successor Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment; 2021)
* Rampage: Total Destruction (Midway Games, 2006)
* Dawn of the Monsters (Developed by 13AM Games and published by WayForward, 2022) as a spiritual successor to SNK's King of the Monsters
* Megaton Musashi (Developed by Level-5, 2021, 2022)
* Roarr! The Adventures of Rampage Rex – Jurassic Edition (Born Lucky Games, 2018)
* Terror of Hemasaurus (Developed by Loren Lemcke and published by Digerati Distribution, 2022, 2023)
* GigaBash (Passion Republic, 2022)
* Robot Alchemic Drive (Sandlot; 2002)
* DEMOLITION ROBOTS K.K. (, 2020, 2021) – Mechas A Former Dystopian Wars/Robot Killer.
* War of the Monsters (Sony, Incognito Entertainment; 2003)
* Peter Jackson's King Kong (2005)
* Pacific Rim video game (Yuke's/Reliance; 2013)
* City Shrouded in Shadow (Bandai Namco Entertainment; 2017)
* Colossal Kaiju Combat (Sunstone Games; Cancelled)
* 13 Sentinels: Aegis Rim (Sega, Atlus, Vanillaware, 2019)
* Fight Crab (2020–21, – stage City rampage)
* DAIKAIJU DAIKESSEN (2019, 2021, 2022 OneSecretPseudo)
* Attack of the Giant Crab (2022)

### Board games[edit]

* Godzilla Game
* Godzilla: Tokyo Clash
* Smash Up
* Monsterpocalypse
* King of Tokyo
* King of New York
* Monsters Menace America
* Smash City
* The Creature That Ate Sheboygan
* Campy Creatures

### Television[edit]

* Marine Kong (Nisan Productions; April 3 – September 25, 1960)
* Ultra Series (Tsuburaya Productions; January 2, 1966–present)
* Ambassador Magma (P Productions; July 4, 1966 – September 25, 1967)
* The King Kong Show (Toei Animation; September 10, 1966 – August 31, 1969)
* Kaiju Booska (Tsuburaya Productions; November 9, 1966 – September 27, 1967)
* Captain Ultra (Toei Company; April 16 – September 24, 1967)
* Kaiju ouji (P Productions; October 2, 1967 – March 25, 1968)
* Giant Robo (Toei Company; October 11, 1967 – April 1, 1968)
* Giant Phantom Monster Agon (Nippon Television; January 2–8, 1968)
* Mighty Jack (Tsuburaya Productions; April 6 – June 29, 1968)
* Spectreman (P Productions; January 2, 1971 – March 25, 1972)
* Kamen Rider (Toei Company; April 3, 1971–present)
* Silver Kamen (Senkosha Productions; November 28, 1971 – May 21, 1972)
* Mirrorman (Tsuburaya Productions; December 5, 1971 – November 26, 1972)
* Redman (Tsuburaya Productions; April 3 – September 8, 1972)
* Thunder Mask (Nippon Television; October 3, 1972 – March 27, 1973)
* Ike! Godman (Toho Company; October 5, 1972 – April 10, 1973)
* Assault! Human!! (Toho Company; October 7 – December 30, 1972)
* Iron King (Senkosha Productions; October 8, 1972 – April 8, 1973)
* Jumborg Ace (Tsuburaya Productions; January 17 – December 29, 1973)
* Fireman (Tsuburaya Productions; January 17 – July 31, 1973)
* Demon Hunter Mitsurugi (International Television Films and Fuji TV; January 8, 1973 – March 26, 1973)
* Zone Fighter (Toho Company; April 2 – September 24, 1973)
* Super Robot Red Baron (Nippon Television; July 4, 1973 – March 27, 1974)
* Kure Kure Takora (Toho Company; October 1, 1973 – September 27, 1974)
* Ike! Greenman (Toho Company; November 12, 1973 – September 27, 1974)
* Super Sentai (Toei Company and Marvel Comics (1979–1982); April 3, 1975–present)
* Daitetsujin 17 (Toei Company; March 18, 1977 - November 11, 1977)
* Super Robot Mach Baron (Nippon Television; October 7, 1974 – March 31, 1975)
* Dinosaur War Izenborg (Tsuburaya Productions; October 17, 1977 – June 30, 1978)
* Spider-Man (Toei Company and Marvel Comics; May 17, 1978 – March 14, 1979)
* Godzilla (Hanna-Barbera; September 9, 1978 – December 8, 1979)
* Megaloman (Toho Company; May 7 – December 24, 1979)
* Metal Hero Series (Toei Company; March 5, 1982 - January 24, 1999)
* Godzilland (Toho Company; 1992 – 1996)
* Gridman the Hyper Agent (Tsuburaya Productions; April 3, 1993 – January 8, 1994)
* Power Rangers (Saban Entertainment and Toei Company; August 28, 1993–present)
* Neon Genesis Evangelion (Gainax; October 4, 1995 – March 27, 1996)
* Godzilla Kingdom (Toho Company; October 1, 1996 – August 15, 1997)
* Godzilla Island (Toho Company; October 6, 1997 – September 30, 1998)
* Godzilla: The Series (Sony Pictures Television; September 12, 1998 – April 22, 2000)
* Godzilla TV (Toho Company; October 1999 – March 2000)
* Betterman (Sunrise; April 1, 1999 – September 30, 1999)
* Dai-Guard (Xebec; October 5, 1998 – March 28, 2000)
* Kong: The Animated Series (BKN; September 9, 2000 – March 26, 2001)
* Tekkōki Mikazuki (Media Factory; October 23, 2000 – March 24, 2001)
* SFX Giant Legend: Line (Independent; April 25 – May 26, 2003)
* Chouseishin Series (Toho Company; October 4, 2003 – June 24, 2006)
* Bio Planet WoO (Tsuburaya Productions; April 9 – August 13, 2006)
* Daimajin Kanon (Kadokawa Pictures; April 2 – October 1, 2010)
* SciFi Japan TV (ACTV Japan; August 10, 2012–present)
* Attack on Titan (Wit Studio and MAPPA; April 7, 2013 – scheduled)
* Kong: King of the Apes (Netflix; April 15, 2016 – May 4, 2018)
* Mech-X4 (Disney XD; November 11, 2016 – August 20, 2018)
* Darling in the Franxx (Studio Trigger; January 13, 2018 – July 7, 2018)
* SSSS.Gridman (Tsuburaya Productions and Studio Trigger; October 7, 2018 – December 23, 2018)
* Godziban (Toho Company; August 9, 2019–present)
* I'm Home, Chibi Godzilla (Toho Company; July 15, 2020–present)
* Pacific Rim: The Black (Polygon Pictures; March 4, 2021 – April 19, 2022)
* Godzilla Singular Point (Toho Company; April 1, 2021 – June 24, 2021)
* SSSS.Dynazenon (Tsuburaya Productions and Studio Trigger; April 2, 2021 – June 18, 2021)
* Super Giant Robot Brothers (Reel FX Creative Studios, Assemblage Entertainment; Netflix; August 4, 2022 – present)
* Monarch: Legacy of Monsters (Legendary Television; Apple TV; 2023–present)
* Skull Island (Legendary Television; Netflix; 2023–Present)
* Gamera Rebirth (Kadokawa Studio; Netflix; 2023–Present)

## Other appearances[edit]

This section may contain irrelevant references to popular culture. Please remove the content or add citations to reliable and independent sources. (August 2023)

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* Steven Spielberg cited Godzilla as an inspiration for Jurassic Park (1993), specifically Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (1956), which he saw in his youth.[23] During its production, Spielberg described Godzilla as "the most masterful of all the dinosaur movies because it made you believe it was really happening."[24] One scene in the second movie (The Lost World: Jurassic Park), the T-Rex is rampaging through San Diego. One scene shows Japanese businessmen fleeing. One of them states that they left Japan to get away from this, hinting that Godzilla shares the same universe as the Jurassic Park movies. Godzilla also influenced the Spielberg film Jaws (1975).[25][26]
* The popular Pokémon media franchise has been inspired by kaiju culture since its inception, and many of its monster designs are based on kaiju.[27]
* In the Japanese-language original of the Cardcaptor Sakura anime series, Sakura's brother Toya likes to tease her by regularly calling her "kaiju", relating to her noisily coming down from her room for breakfast every morning.[28]
* The Polish cartoon TV series Bolek and Lolek makes a reference to the kaiju film industry in the miniseries "Bolek and Lolek's Great Journey" by featuring a robot bird (similar to Rodan) and a saurian monster (in reference to Godzilla) as part of a Japanese director's monster star repertoire.[citation needed]
* The Inspector Gadget film had Robo-Gadget attacking San Francisco à la kaiju monsters. In addition, similar to The Lost World, it shows a Japanese man while fleeing from Robo-Gadget declaring in his native tongue that he left Tokyo specifically to get away from this.
* Alternate versions of several kaiju – Godzilla, Mothra, Gamera, King Ghidorah, and Daimajin – appear in the Usagi Yojimbo "Sumi-e" story arc.[29]
* In the second season of Star Wars: The Clone Wars, there is a story arc composed of two episodes entitled "The Zillo Beast" and "The Zillo Beast Strikes Back", mostly influenced by Godzilla films, in which a huge reptilian beast is transported from its homeworld Malastare to the city-covered planet Coruscant, where it breaks loose and goes on a rampage.[30][31]
* In Return of the Jedi, the rancor was originally to be played by an actor in a suit similar to how kaiju films like Godzilla were made. However, the rancor was eventually portrayed by a puppet filmed in high speed.[32]
* The South Park episode "Mecha-Streisand" features parodies of Mechagodzilla, Gamera, Ultraman, and Mothra.[33]
* Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters features the "Insanoflex", a giant robot exercise machine rampaging downtown.[34]
* In the 2009 film Crank: High Voltage, there is a sequence parodying kaiju films using the same practical effects techniques used for tokusatsu films such as miniatures and suitmation.[citation needed]
* The Japanese light novel series Gate makes use of the term kaiju as a term for giant monsters – specifically an ancient Fire Dragon – in the Special Region. Also, one of the Japanese protagonists refers to the JSDF's tradition to fight such monsters in the films, as well as comparing said dragon with King Ghidorah at one point.[35][36]
* Godzilla and Gamera had been referenced and appear many times throughout the Dr. Slump series.[citation needed]
* In Penn Zero: Part-Time Hero, there is a dimension that is filled with giant monsters that live on one island where they co-exist with humans that live on a city island.[citation needed]
* In the "Sorcerous Stabber Orphen" series kaiju are sent as a form of punishment for the breakage of everlasting laws of the world by the Goddesses of Fate.[37]
* Batholith the Summit Kaiju (Japanese: バソリス) is a mountain (kaiju) originating from "Summit Kaiju International", an American media company based in Denver, Colorado. Batholith was first introduced to Godzilla fan during G-Fest 2017, which is an annual convention devoted to the Godzilla film franchise. Batholith the Summit Kaiju has appeared in various print media, including Famous Monsters of Filmland "Ack-Ives: Godzilla Magazine, MyKaiju Godzilla Magazine MyKaiju Godzilla Magazine, Summit Kaiju online video series, and other online media related to the Godzilla and kaiju genre.
* In the Nemesis Saga series of novels, Kaiju, also known as "Gestorumque", are genetic weapons sent by an alien race.
* Naoki Urasawa's 2013 one-shot manga "Kaiju Kingdom" follows a "kaiju otaku" in a world where kaiju actually exist.[38]
* In the 2019 Vanillaware video game 13 Sentinels: Aegis Rim, protagonists battle large mechanized aliens called Kaiju.[39]
* In John Scalzi's 2022 book The Kaiju Preservation Society, kaiju are a species of gigantic monsters that exist in a parallel earth accessible through radiation sources.

## References[edit]

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2. ^ a b King Kong’s influence on the giant monster genre:
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28. ^ Cardcaptor Sakura, season 1 episode 1: "Sakura and the Mysterious Magic Book"; season 1 episode 15: "Sakura and Kero's Big Fight"
29. ^ Usagi Yojimbo Vol.3 #66–68: "Sumi-e, Parts 1–3"
30. ^ ""The Zillo Beast" Episode Guide". Archived from the original on July 4, 2015. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
31. ^ ""The Zillo Beast Strikes Back" Episode Guide". Archived from the original on June 28, 2015. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
32. ^ "The Cinema Behind Star Wars: Godzilla". September 29, 2014. Retrieved October 5, 2014.
33. ^ Stone, Matt (2003). South Park: The Complete First Season: "Mecha-Streisand" (Audio commentary) (CD). Comedy Central.
34. ^ "Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. American Film Institute. Retrieved February 21, 2021.
35. ^ Gate: Jieitai Kano Chi nite, Kaku Tatakaeri, book I: "Contact", chapters II and V
36. ^ Gate: Jieitai Kano Chi nite, Kaku Tatakaeri (anime series) episode 2: "Two Military Forces", episode 3: "Fire Dragon", and episode 4: "To Unknown Lands"
37. ^ Mizuno, Ryou (2019). Sorcerous Stabber Orphen Anthology. Commentary (in Japanese). TO Books. p. 236\. ISBN 9784864728799.
38. ^ Silverman, Rebecca (October 20, 2020). "Sneeze: Naoki Urasawa Story Collection – Review". Anime News Network. Retrieved November 29, 2020.
39. ^ 十三機兵防衛圏 – System. Atlus (in Japanese). Archived from the original on November 19, 2019. Retrieved November 19, 2019.

## External links[edit]

* Media related to Kaiju at Wikimedia Commons

Links to related articles

* v
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Film genres

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By movement
or period|

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By demographic|

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By format,
technique,
approach,
or production|

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* Vulgar auteurism
* Z movie

* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Lists of films by genre and themes

* Action
* Martial arts
* Mixed martial arts
* Ninja
* Vigilante
* Adventure
* Pirate
* Swashbuckler
* Animation
* Avant-garde
* Biographical
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* Melodrama
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* Monster
* Kaiju
* Giant-monster
* Musical
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* Prison
* Religious
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* Science fiction
* Apocalyptic
* Body swap
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* Extraterrestrials
* Sci-fi action
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* Time travel
* Spy
* Sports
* Teen
* Thriller
* Erotic
* Legal
* War
* Anti-war
* Submarine
* Western
* Euro
* Spaghetti

* v
* t
* e

Cloverfield

Films|

* Cloverfield (2008)
* 10 Cloverfield Lane (2016)
* The Cloverfield Paradox (2018)

Comics|

* Cloverfield/Kishin (2008)

Universe|

* Characters
* Clover

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Gamera

Films|

| Daiei Film|

| Shōwa|

* Gamera, the Giant Monster (1965)
* Gamera vs. Barugon (1966)
* Gamera vs. Gyaos (1967)
* Gamera vs. Viras (1968)
* Gamera vs. Guiron (1969)
* Gamera vs. Jiger (1970)
* Gamera vs. Zigra (1971)
* Gamera: Super Monster (1980)

|

Heisei|

* Gamera: Guardian of the Universe (1995)
* Gamera 2: Attack of Legion (1996)
* Gamera 3: Revenge of Iris (1999)

Kadokawa Daiei Studio|

| Heisei|

* Gamera the Brave (2006)

|

Television|

* Gamera Rebirth (2023)

Video games|

* Gamera 2000 (1997)
* City Shrouded in Shadow (2017)

Miscellaneous|

* Giant Horde Beast Nezura
* Daimajin
* SciFi Japan TV
* Gamerabaena

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Godzilla

Films

| Japanese|

| Shōwa era|

* Godzilla (1954)
* Godzilla Raids Again (1955)
* King Kong vs. Godzilla (1962)
* Mothra vs. Godzilla (1964)
* Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster (1964)
* Invasion of Astro-Monster (1965)
* Ebirah, Horror of the Deep (1966)
* Son of Godzilla (1967)
* Destroy All Monsters (1968)
* All Monsters Attack (1969)
* Godzilla vs. Hedorah (1971)
* Godzilla vs. Gigan (1972)
* Godzilla vs. Megalon (1973)
* Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla (1974)
* Terror of Mechagodzilla (1975)

|

Heisei era|

* The Return of Godzilla (1984)
* Godzilla vs. Biollante (1989)
* Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah (1991)
* Godzilla vs. Mothra (1992)
* Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II (1993)
* Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla (1994)
* Godzilla vs. Destoroyah (1995)

Millennium era|

* Godzilla 2000 (1999)
* Godzilla vs. Megaguirus (2000)
* Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack (2001)
* Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla (2002)
* Tokyo S.O.S. (2003)
* Final Wars (2004)

Reiwa era|

| Live-action|

* Shin Godzilla (2016)
* Godzilla Minus One (2023)

|

Animated|

* Planet of the Monsters (2017)
* City on the Edge of Battle (2018)
* The Planet Eater (2018)

American|

| Jewell Enterprises, Inc.|

* Godzilla, King of the Monsters! (1956)

|

New World Pictures|

* Godzilla 1985 (1985)

TriStar Pictures|

* Godzilla (1998)

Legendary Pictures|

* Godzilla (2014)
* King of the Monsters (2019)
* Godzilla vs. Kong (2021)
* Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire (2024)

Television

| Japanese|

* Zone Fighter (1973)
* Godzilland (1992–1996)
* Godzilla Island (1997–1998)
* episodes
* Godzilla Singular Point (2021)
* Chibi Godzilla Raids Again (2023)

|

American|

* Godzilla (1978–1979)
* Godzilla: The Series (1998–2000)
* Monarch: Legacy of Monsters (2023)

Music

| Soundtracks|

* "Godzilla (Main Theme)"
* Godzilla: The Album (1998)
* Final Wars
* Godzilla (2014)
* King of the Monsters
* Godzilla vs. Kong
* Godzilla Minus One
* Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire

|

Related|

* "Godzilla" (Blue Öyster Cult)
* "Godzilla" (Eminem)

Miscellaneous

| Films|

* The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms
* Bambi Meets Godzilla
* Godzilla: King of the Monsters in 3D
* Godzilla vs. Charles Barkley
* Monster Planet of Godzilla
* Always: Sunset on Third Street 2
* Ready Player One
* Shin Ultraman

|

Kaiju|

* Godzilla (MonsterVerse incarnation)
* Anguirus
* Rodan
* Varan
* Mothra
* King Kong
* King Ghidorah
* Baragon
* Minilla
* Hedorah
* Gigan
* Megalon
* Mechagodzilla
* Biollante
* Godzilla Junior
* SpaceGodzilla
* Megaguirus
* Zilla
* MUTO

Other|

* Godzilla in popular culture
* -zilla
* Comics
* Video games
* The Movie Monster Game
* Battle Soccer: Field no Hasha
* Godzilla Game
* Godzilla (Ciencin novel series)
* Godzilla (Cerasini novel series)
* Godzilla & Godzilla Raids Again
* G-Fest
* Rhedosaurus
* Jirahs
* Gotengo
* Miki Saegusa
* Super X
* Toho
* SciFi Japan TV
* MonsterVerse
* King Kong franchise
* Hibiya Godzilla Square
* Shin Japan Heroes Universe
* Kamen Rider franchise
* Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise
* Ultraman franchise

* Category

* v
* t
* e

King Kong

Characters|

* King Kong
* Carl Denham
* Jack Driscoll
* Godzilla
* Godzilla (MonsterVerse)
* Gorosaurus
* Mechani-Kong

American films|

| Live action|

* King Kong (1933)
* Son of Kong (1933)
* King Kong (1976)
* King Kong Lives (1986)
* King Kong (2005)
* Kong: Skull Island (2017)
* Godzilla vs. Kong (2021)
* Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire (2024)

|

Animated|

* The Mighty Kong (1998)

Japanese films|

| Toho Co., Ltd|

* King Kong vs. Godzilla (1962)
* King Kong Escapes (1967)

|

Unauthorized/lost|

* Wasei Kingu Kongu (1933)
* The King Kong That Appeared in Edo (1938)

Related films|

* The Lost World (1925)
* Ingagi (1930)
* Creation (1931, unfinished)
* Mighty Joe Young (1949)
* Konga (1961)
* The Mighty Gorga (1969)
* Mighty Joe Young (1998)
* Ready Player One (2018)
* Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019)

Television|

* The King Kong Show (1966–1969)
* Kong: The Animated Series (2000–2001)
* Kong: King of the Apes (2016–2018)
* Skull Island (2023)

Stage|

* King Kong (2013)

Attractions|

* Kong (1972; rebuilt 2015)
* King Kong Encounter (1986)
* Kongfrontation (1990)
* King Kong: 360 3-D (2010)
* Skull Island: Reign of Kong (2016)

Video games|

* King Kong (1982)
* King Kong 2: Ikari no Megaton Punch (1986)
* King Kong 2: Yomigaeru Densetsu (1986)
* Konami Wai Wai World (1988)
* Peter Jackson's King Kong: The Official Game of the Movie (2005)
* Skull Island: Rise of Kong (2023)

Related|

* King Kong in popular culture
* Comics
* Skull Island
* Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Nintendo Co., Ltd.
* King Kong vs. Tarzan
* MonsterVerse
* Godzilla (franchise)
* Tarzan and Jane, "Return of the King" (2018)

* Category

* v
* t
* e

MonsterVerse

Films|

* Godzilla (2014)
* Kong: Skull Island (2017)
* Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019)
* Godzilla vs. Kong (2021)
* Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire (2024)

Television|

* Skull Island (2023)
* Monarch: Legacy of Monsters (2023)

Soundtracks|

* Godzilla
* Kong: Skull Island
* Godzilla: King of the Monsters
* Godzilla vs. Kong
* Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire

Monsters|

* Godzilla
* King Ghidorah
* King Kong
* Mechagodzilla
* Mothra
* MUTO
* Rodan

Related|

* Godzilla (franchise)
* King Kong (franchise)

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Mothra

Films|

| Solo|

* Mothra (1961)
* Rebirth of Mothra (1996)
* Rebirth of Mothra II (1997)
* Rebirth of Mothra III (1998)

|

with Godzilla|

* Mothra vs. Godzilla (1964)
* Ghidorah, the Three-Headed Monster (1964)
* Ebirah, Horror of the Deep (1966)
* Destroy All Monsters (1968)
* Godzilla vs. Mothra (1992)
* Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack (2001)
* Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S. (2003)
* Godzilla: Final Wars (2004)
* Godzilla: King of the Monsters (2019)
* Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire (2024)

Related|

* Godzilla (franchise)
* Godzilla: The Planet Eater
* MonsterVerse

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Ultraman

TV/Web series

| Shōwa era|

* Ultra Q (1966)
* Ultraman (1966–1967)
* Ultraseven (1967–1968)
* Return of Ultraman (1971–1972)
* Ace (1972–1973)
* Taro (1973–1974)
* Leo (1974–1975)
* The Ultraman (1979–1980)
* 80 (1980–1981)

|

Heisei era|

* Tiga (1996–1997)
* Dyna (1997–1998)
* Gaia (1998–1999)
* Nice (1999–2000)
* Neos (2000–2001)
* Cosmos (2001–2002)
* Ultra Q: Dark Fantasy (2004)
* Nexus (2004–2005)
* Max (2005–2006)
* Mebius (2006–2007)
* Ultraseven X (2007)
* Ultra Galaxy Mega Monster Battle (2007–2008)
* Never Ending Odyssey (2008–2009)
* Neo Ultra Q (2013)
* Ginga (2013)
* Ginga S (2014)
* X (2015)
* Orb (2016)
* Geed (2017)
* R/B (2018)

Reiwa era|

* Taiga (2019)
* Z (2020)
* Trigger (2021–2022)
* Decker (2022–2023)
* Blazar (2023–2024)
* Arc (2024-2025)

Ultra Fight|

* Ultra Zero Fight (2012)
* Ultra Fight Victory (2015)
* Ultra Fight Orb (2017)
* Ultra Galaxy Fight (2019)
* Sevenger Fight (2021)
* Shin Ultra Fight (2022)

Other|

* Andro Melos (1983)
* Towards the Future (1992)
* Retsuden (2011–2016)
* Zero: The Chronicle (2017)
* The Prime (2017)
* Orb: The Origin Saga (2016–2017)
* episodes
* Orb: The Chronicle (2018)
* New Generation Chronicle (2019)
* Chronicle Zero & Geed (2020)
* Chronicle Z: Heroes' Odyssey (2021)
* Chronicle D (2022)
* New Generation Stars (2023)

Films

| Shōwa era|

* Ultraman: Monster Movie Feature (1967)
* The 6 Ultra Brothers vs. the Monster Army (1974)
* Great Monster Decisive Battle (1979)
* Zoffy: Ultra Warriors vs. the Giant Monster Army (1984)
* Story (1984)
* The Adventure Begins (1987)

|

Heisei era|

* Ultra Q the Movie: Legend of the Stars (1990)
* Neos (1995)
* Revive! (1996)
* Zearth (1996)
* Zearth 2: Superman Big Battle - Light and Shadow (1997)
* Warriors of the Star of Light (1998)
* Gaia: The Battle in Hyperspace (1999)
* Tiga: The Final Odyssey (2000)
* Cosmos: The First Contact (2001)
* Cosmos 2: The Blue Planet (2002)
* The Final Battle (2003)
* The Next (2004)
* Ultraman Mebius & Ultraman Brothers (2006)
* Superior Ultraman 8 Brothers (2008)
* Mega Monster Battle: Ultra Galaxy (2009)
* Zero: The Revenge of Belial (2010)
* Saga (2012)
* Ginga Theater Special (2013)
* Ginga Theater Special: Ultra Monster Hero Battle Royal! (2014)
* Ginga S (2015)
* X (2016)
* Orb (2017)
* Geed (2018)
* R/B (2019)

Reiwa era|

* Taiga (2020)
* Trigger (2022)
* Shin Ultraman (2022)
* Decker (2023)
* Blazar (2024)
* Ultraman: Rising (2024)

Original video
tokusatsu (OVT)

* Heisei Ultraseven (1994–2002)
* Ultraman Mebius Side Story: Hikari Saga (2006)
* Ultraman Mebius Side Story: Armored Darkness (2008)
* Ultraman Mebius Side Story: Ghost Reverse (2009)
* Ultra Galaxy Legend Side Story: Ultraman Zero vs. Darklops Zero (2010)
* Ultraman Zero Side Story: Killer the Beatstar (2011)

Video games

* Ultraman: Towards the Future
* Compati Hero series
* SD the Great Battle
* Battle Soccer: Field no Hasha
* Battle Racers
* Super Hero Operations: Diedal's Ambition
* Charinko Hero
* Great Battle Fullblast
* Super Hero Generation
* Ultraman Powered
* Ultra League
* Kyoei Toshi

Characters

| Lists|

* Return of Ultraman
* Leo
* The Ultraman
* 80
* Towards the Future
* Heisei Ultraseven
* Neos
* Tiga
* Gaia
* Cosmos
* Ultra N Project
* Max
* Mega Monster Battle
* Manga
* Ginga
* X
* Orb
* Geed
* R/B
* Taiga
* Z
* Trigger: New Generation Tiga
* Blazar

|

Individuals|

* Gomess
* Ultraman
* Jirahs
* Gomora
* Zetton
* Ultraseven
* Jack
* Seagorath
* Taro
* Tiga
* Nexus
* Mebius
* Belial
* Zero
* Tregear

Miscellaneous

* Kaiju Girls
* Kaiju Club
* Mighty Jack
* Mirrorman
* Redman
* Fireman
* Jumborg Ace
* Dinosaur War Izenborg
* Denkou Choujin Gridman
* Superhuman Samurai Syber-Squad
* Gridman Universe
* SSSS.Gridman
* SSSS.Dynazenon
* WoO
* Upin & Ipin
* Daicon Film's Return of Ultraman
* The Flying Monster
* Ultraman vs. Kamen Rider
* Manga
* "Hoshi no Yō ni..."
* Animetal Marathon III
* Dragon Force: So Long, Ultraman

* v
* t
* e

Fantasy fiction

* History
* Literature
* Magic
* Sources

Subgenres|

* Action-adventure
* Lost world
* Sword and sorcery
* Wuxia‎
* Alternate history
* Contemporary
* Children's fantasy
* Comedy
* Bangsian
* Dark fantasy
* Grimdark
* Fairy tale parodies‎
* Fairytale fantasy‎
* Fantastique
* Fantasy of manners
* Hard fantasy
* High fantasy
* Historical fantasy
* Isekai
* LitRPG
* Low fantasy
* Magical girl
* Mythic
* Mythpunk
* Mythopoeia‎
* Omegaverse
* Romantic
* Science fantasy‎
* Dying Earth
* Planetary romance
* Shenmo
* Urban fantasy
* Occult detective fiction‎
* Paranormal romance
* Weird fiction
* New weird
* Weird West
* West‎ern fantasy

Media|

| Film and television|

* Anime
* Films
* highest-grossing
* S&S
* Television programs

|

Literature|

* Authors
* Ballantine Adult Fantasy series
* Comics
* list
* The Encyclopedia of Fantasy
* Fantasy Masterworks
* Internet Speculative Fiction Database
* List of novels
* A–H
* I–R
* S–Z
* List of story collections
* Publishers

Magazines|

* Fantastic
* Fantastic Adventures
* Locus
* The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction
* Science Fantasy
* Unknown
* Weird Tales

Other|

* Féeries
* Podcasts

Awards|

* Balrog
* British Fantasy
* Crawford
* Dragon
* Gandalf
* Gemmell
* Hugo
* International Fantasy
* Japan Fantasy
* Locus
* Méliès d'Or
* Mythopoeic
* Nebula
* Saturn
* Tähtifantasia
* World Fantasy

Fandom|

* Art
* Fanspeak
* Filk music
* Harry Potter fandom
* The Inklings
* Lovecraft fandom
* Mythopoeic Society
* Tolkien fandom
* Tolkien's influence
* Works inspired by J. R. R. Tolkien
* World Fantasy Convention

Tropes|

| Creatures|

* Angels
* Demons
* Devils
* Ghouls
* Elementals
* Faeries
* Familiars
* Fire-breathing monsters
* Chimera
* Dragons
* Gargoyles
* Imps
* Jinn
* Nymphs
* Skin-walkers
* Spirits
* Talking animals
* Therianthropes
* Werecats
* Werewolves
* Undead
* Death
* Ghosts
* Liches
* Mummies
* Skeletons
* Vampires
* Zombies
* Unicorns
* Yōkai

|

Characters|

* Barbarian
* Caveman
* Damsel in distress
* Dark lord
* Donor
* Dragonslayer
* Fairy godmother
* Heroes
* Magicians
* Occult detective
* list
* Wild man
* Witches

Magic system|

* Hard and soft
* Elements
* Dark/neutral/light
* Ceremonial
* Love
* Moon
* Magic item
* Grimoire
* Magic ring
* Magical weapons
* Magic sword
* Runes
* Wand
* Schools
* Alchemy
* Demonology
* Divination
* Egregore
* Evocation
* Incantation
* Necromancy
* Runecraft
* Shamanism
* Shapeshifting
* Thaumaturgy
* Theurgy
* Witchcraft

Fantasy races|

* Centaurs
* Dwarves
* Elves
* Treants
* Giants
* Gnomes
* Goblins
* Gremlins
* Halflings
* Hobgoblins
* Kobolds
* Leprechauns
* Merfolk
* Mermaids
* Mermen
* Ogres
* Oni
* Orcs
* Trolls

Places and events|

* Quests
* Worlds
* list
* Maps
* Lost city
* Hollow Earth
* Astral plane
* Dreamworld
* Castle
* Enchanted forest
* Thieves' guild
* Magic school

Related|

* Allegory
* Dungeons & Dragons
* Epic poetry
* Fable
* Fairy tale
* Ghost stories‎
* Gothic fiction
* Horror fiction
* LGBT themes in speculative fiction
* Mecha
* Mythology
* Science fiction
* Supernatural fiction
* Superhero
* Tokusatsu‎
* Kaiju
* Urban legend

* Outline
* Category

* v
* t
* e

Horror fiction

* Speculative fiction

Media|

* Anime
* Comics
* Films
* History
* Magazines
* Podcasts
* Television programs
* Video games
* list

Types|

* Art
* Black
* Body
* Cannibal
* Christmas
* Comedy
* Zombie
* Creepypasta
* Cosmic
* Dark fantasy
* Dark Romanticism
* Faustian
* Grimdark
* Splatterpunk
* Erotic
* Guro
* Monster erotica
* Zombie pornography
* Folk
* Ghost
* Giallo
* Gothic
* American
* Southern
* Southern Ontario
* Suburban
* Tasmanian
* Urban
* Japanese
* Korean
* Lovecraftian
* Monsters
* Jiangshi
* Vampire
* Werewolf
* Occult detective
* Organ transplantation
* Penny dreadful
* Postmodern horror
* Psychological
* Survival
* Techno
* Weird fiction
* New weird
* Weird menace
* Weird West
* Zombie apocalypse

Monsters|

* Demons
* Devils
* Ghouls
* Evil clowns
* Extraterrestrials
* Fire-breathing monsters
* Chimera
* Dragons
* Gargoyles
* Kaiju
* Killer toy
* Mutants
* Ogres
* Sea monster
* Piranha
* Therianthropes
* Werecats
* Werewolves
* Undead
* Death
* Ghosts
* Mummies
* Skeletons
* Vampires
* Zombies
* Witches

Related genres|

* Black comedy
* Fantastique
* Fantasy fiction
* Mystery
* Paranormal
* Science fiction
* Shenmo
* Supernatural
* Thriller
* Tokusatsu
* Urban legend

Other|

* Grand Guignol
* Writers
* Conventions
* LGBT themes
* characters
* Macabre
* Horror host
* Horrorcore
* Vulgar auteurism

Related|

* Pulp magazine
* Monster erotica
* Internet Speculative Fiction Database
* Bram Stoker Award
* Video nasties

* Category
* Portal

* v
* t
* e

Science fiction

Outline|

* Authors
* Definitions
* Anthropological
* Hard
* Scientific romance
* Soft
* Golden Age
* History
* New Wave
* Timeline

Subgenres|

* Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic
* Comedy
* Sitcoms
* Feminist
* Grimdark
* Inner space
* Mecha
* Anime and manga
* Mundane
* Space warfare
* Military
* Space opera
* Space Western
* Parallel universes
* Isekai
* Science fantasy
* Dying Earth
* Planetary romance
* Superhero
* Sword and planet
* Social
* Climate fiction
* Christian
* Libertarian
* Utopian and dystopian
* Tech noir
* Spy-Fi
* Techno-thriller
* Tokusatsu
* Kaiju
* Underwater

Cyberpunk derivatives|

* Cyberpunk
* Japanese
* Biopunk
* Dieselpunk
* Nanopunk
* Solarpunk
* Steampunk

Culture|

* Conventions
* Fandom
* Fanzines
* Libraries and museums
* ISFDB
* Science Fiction Museum
* Studies
* Women in SF
* Worldcon

Region|

* Australian
* Bengali
* Brazilian
* Canadian
* Chilean
* Chinese
* Croatian
* Czech
* Estonian
* French
* Hungarian
* Japanese
* Norwegian
* Polish
* Romanian
* Russian
* Serbian
* Spanish
* Yugoslav

Awards|

| Cinematic|

* Jules Verne
* Saturn

|

Literary, art,
and audio|

* Astounding
* Aurealis
* BSFA
* Campbell Memorial
* Chesley
* Clarke
* Crook
* Deutscher
* Dick
* Ditmar
* Endeavor
* FantLab
* Galaxy
* Gaughan
* Geffen
* Golden Duck
* Grand Master
* Grand Prix
* Harland
* Heinlein
* Ignotus
* Kitschies
* Lambda
* Laßwitz
* Locus
* Nautilus
* Nebula
* Nommo
* Norton
* Parsec
* Prometheus
* Rhysling
* SFERA
* Sidewise
* Skylark
* Sturgeon
* Sunburst
* Tähtivaeltaja
* TBD
* Tiptree
* Tour-Apollo
* Translation
* Urania
* Vogel
* Writers and Illustrators of the Future
* Zajdel

Multimedia|

* Aurora
* Chandler
* Dragon
* Hugo
* Seiun
* Spectrum

Media|

| Film|

* Film history
* Films
* Indian
* Japanese
* Anime
* Tokusatsu

|

Literature|

* Comics
* Magazines
* Novels
* Publishers
* Short stories

Stage|

* Opera
* Theatre

Television|

* List of TV shows
* Australasian
* British
* Canadian
* European
* Japanese
* Anime
* Live-action
* U.S.

Themes|

| Architectural|

* Colonization
* Dyson sphere
* Matrioshka brain
* Space stations and habitats
* Stellar engine
* Terraforming

|

Biological|

* Biological warfare
* Energy being
* Evolution
* Extraterrestrials
* List
* Gender
* Genetic engineering
* Invisibility
* Nanotechnology
* Organ transplantation
* Parasites
* Prosthetics
* Sex and sexuality
* Symbiosis

Physical|

* Ansible
* Black holes
* Force field
* Hyperspace
* Inertialess
* Multiverse
* Parallel universes
* Planets
* Earth
* Portable hole
* Space travel
* Stargate
* Stars and planetary systems
* Teleportation
* Time travel (Viewer)
* Warp drive
* Wormhole

Psychological|

* Group mind
* Mind uploading
* Psionics
* Simulated consciousness

Social|

* Africanfuturism
* Afrofuturism
* Alien invasion
* Alien language
* Ancient astronauts
* Black
* Evil corporation
* First contact
* Frankenstein complex
* Galactic empire
* LGBT
* Message from space
* Transhumanism
* Uplift
* Xenoarchaeology

Technological|

* Artificial intelligence
* AI takeover
* Astroengineering
* Holography
* Robots and Cyborgs
* Self-replicating machines
* Simulated reality
* Spacecraft
* Tachyons
* Weapons

Related|

* Alternate history
* Fantasy
* Fictional astronauts
* Fictional technology
* Future history
* Horror
* Magic realism
* Museum of Science Fiction
* Rubber science
* Science and technology studies
* Sense of wonder
* Speculative fiction
* Supernatural
* Technology and society
* Weird

* Category
* Portal

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