New Zealand electorates

Voting districts for election to the New Zealand Parliament

See also: List of New Zealand electorates

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An electorate or electoral district (Māori: rohe pōti[1]) is a geographic constituency used for electing a member (MP) to the New Zealand Parliament.[2] The size of electorates is determined such that all electorates have approximately the same electoral population.

Before 1996, all MPs were directly chosen for office by the voters of an electorate. Thereafter, New Zealand's electoral system provides that some (in practice, the majority) of the usually 120 seats in Parliament are filled by electorate representatives with the remainder being filled from party lists in order to achieve proportional representation among parties. The number of electorates changes periodically, in line with national population growth. Starting from the 2020 general election, there are 72 electorates including the Māori electorates.

## Terminology

[edit]

The Electoral Act 1993 refers to electorates as "electoral districts".[2] Electorates are informally referred to as "seats" (Māori: tūru), but technically the term seat refers to an elected member's place in Parliament.[3][n 1]

## Distribution

[edit]

### Under first-past-the-post (1853–1993)

[edit]

The electoral boundaries for the inaugural 1853 general election were drawn up by the governor, George Grey, with the authority for this coming from the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852.[4] After the initial election, there were eight redivisions carried out by members of the general assembly (as the lower house was known at the time). These revisions were a mixture of minor and major boundary adjustments. In 1887, the responsibility for reshaping electorates was given to a Representation Commission and that arrangement has remained to this day. Up until 1981, the boundaries of the Māori electorates were determined by the governor or governor-general, when that responsibility was also transferred to the Representation Commission.[5]

Since the Representation Act 1900 and 1902 electoral redistribution, the number of electorates had been fixed at 80. Slower growth in the population of the South Island compared to the North Island meant the number of South Island electorates, once near-equal to the North, was decreasing and the geographic size of those electorates was growing. The 80-electorate cap was removed in 1969 and instead the number of South Island electorates fixed at 25. Thereafter, the number of electorates steadily increased, peaking with 99 members elected in 1993, of whom 74 were elected from North Island electorates.[6]

Elections for the House of Representatives in the 1850s modelled the electoral procedures used for the British House of Commons, which at that time featured both single-member electorates (electorates returning just one MP) and multi-member electorates (electorates returning more than one MP).[7] Each electorate was allocated a different number of MPs (up to three) in order to balance electoral population differences. All electorates used a plurality voting system, except between 1908 and 1913 when a two-round voting system was employed.[8][9]

Electorate boundaries were not always drawn to provide for proportional representation between communities. From 1881, a special country quota meant that rural seats could contain fewer people than urban seats, preserving improportionality by over-representing the rural electoral population (mostly made up by farmers). The country quota inflated the number of the electoral population outside of cities and certain towns by some percentage. The quota was at first 33% (1881–1887), then briefly 18% (1887–1889), and 28% for the remaining period (1889–1945).[10][5] For the 1905 election, the multi-member electorates were abolished. The country quota persisted until 1945.[7] A system of Māori electorates providing indigenous representation was established in 1867 but these were not drawn in proportion to their general electorate counterparts until the election of the 45th New Zealand Parliament in 1996.

### Under mixed-member proportional representation (since 1996)

[edit]

Number of electorates since 1996 (South Island electorates = 16)  Election Year  | Parliament | North Island electorates | Māori electorates  | Total

|
|
|
|

1996  | 45th | 44 | 5  | 65
1999  | 46th | 45 | 6  | 67
2002  | 47th | 46 | 7  | 69
2005  | 48th | 46 | 7  | 69
2008  | 49th | 47 | 7  | 70
2011  | 50th | 47 | 7  | 70
2014  | 51st | 48 | 7  | 71
2017  | 52nd | 48 | 7  | 71
2020  | 53rd | 49 | 7  | 72
2023  | 54th | 49 | 7  | 72
2026  | 55th | 48 | 7  | 71

Since the introduction of the mixed-member proportional system at the 1996 election, there have been at least 120 MPs and the number of South Island electorates has been fixed at 16. Like under the previous system, the number of North Island electorates is calculated in proportion to the South Island and that number has risen from 44 to a peak of 49 in 2020 and 2023.[11][12][13] The new electoral system also provides for the number of Māori electorates to be calculated proportionally, and these have sat at 7 since 2002. In October 2024, Statistics New Zealand announced that population changes necessitated reducing the number of North Island general electorates by one, returning the number of North Island general electorates to 48.[14]

Because the number of MPs is fixed at a minimum of 120, adding additional electorates means there are fewer seats available for list MPs.[15] List MP seats are assigned proportionally to parties that win at least one electorate or receive at least 5% of the party vote. However, additional list MPs may be elected if overhang seats are required due to a party winning more electorates than its party vote share entitles it; the total number of members may therefore be more than 120.[16] In 2005 and 2011, 121 members were elected; 122 members were elected in 2008; 123 members were elected in 2023.[17][18]

### Representation Commission

[edit]

The Representation Commission has determined general electorate boundaries since 1881.[5][19] These days, the Commission consists of:

* Four government officials—the Government Statistician, the Surveyor-General, the Chief Electoral Officer, and the Chairperson of the Local Government Commission.
* A representative of the governing party or coalition, and a representative of the opposition bloc.
* A chairperson (often a judge) nominated by the other members (with the exception of Chairperson of the Local Government Commission).[19]

The Representation Commission reviews electorate boundaries after each New Zealand census, which normally occurs every five years.[2] The Electoral Act 1993 stipulates that the South Island is to have 16 general electorates, and dividing the number of persons in the South Island's general electoral population by 16 determines the South Island Quota.[n 2] This quota is then used to calculate the number of Māori electorates[n 3] and to determine the number of North Island electorates.[n 4]

The number of Māori electorates is calculated by dividing the Māori electoral population (MEP) of New Zealand by the South Island Quota. Māori voters may choose to either be represented in a Māori electorate or a general electorate, so the MEP is influenced by the number of Māori who opt for Māori electorate representation. Māori voters who choose to be represented in a general electorate are included in the General electoral population (GEP) of either the South Island or North Island. The number of North Island electorates is calculated by applying the South Island Quota to the North Island GEP.[20] In this way, all three types of electorates will represent similar populations. Electorates may vary by no more than 5% of the average electoral population size.[2]

In drawing new electorate boundaries, the Representation Commission must give due consideration to existing boundaries, communities of interest, facilities of communications, topographical features, and projected variation in population. Regard is often had for local authority boundaries. The Commission may abolish electorates and create new ones in their place. Except for Māori electorates, electorates must be wholly situated on either the North Island or South Island. Populations on other islands, such as Stewart Island / Rakiura and the Chatham Islands, are included by convention in electorates that provide access to the mainland, latterly Invercargill and Rongotai, respectively.

## Naming conventions

[edit]

The Representation Commission determines the names of each electorate following the most recent census.[19] An electorate may be named after a geographic region, landmark (e.g. a mountain) or main population area. The Commission adopts compass point names when there is not a more suitable name. The compass point reference usually follows the name of the main population centre, e.g. Hamilton East.

## Special electorates

[edit]

Further information on the historic qualifications required to vote: History of voting in New Zealand

Two types of special electorates have been used.

### Goldminers' electorates

[edit]

Goldminers' electorates were created for participants in the Otago gold rush. Goldminers did not usually meet the residency and property requirements in the electorate they were prospecting in, but were numerous enough to warrant political representation. Three goldminers' electorates existed, the first began in 1863 and both ended in 1870.

### Māori electorates

[edit]

Much more durable have been the Māori electorates, created in 1867 to give separate representation to Māori. Although originally intended to be temporary, they came to function as reserved positions for Māori until 1967, ensuring that there would always be a Māori voice in Parliament. In 1967 the reserved status of the Māori seats was removed, allowing non-Māori to stand in the Māori electorates. Until 1993 the number of Māori electorates was fixed at four, significantly under-representing Māori in Parliament. In 1975 the definition of who could opt to register on either the general or the Māori roll was expanded to include all persons of Māori descent.[21] Previously all persons of more than 50% Māori ancestry were on the Māori roll while persons of less than 50% Māori ancestry were required to enrol on the then European roll. Only persons presumed to have equal Māori and European ancestry (so-called half-castes) had a choice of roll.[22]

Since the introduction of MMP in 1996, the number of seats can change with the number of Māori voters who choose to go on the Māori roll rather than the general roll. In 1996, there were five Māori electorates. For the 1999 election, this increased to six electorates. Since the 2002 election, the number of Māori electorates has stayed constant at seven.[23]

## Electorates in the 54th Parliament

[edit]

New Zealand electorates used since 2023, showing 2023 election results

This table shows the electorates as they were represented during the 54th New Zealand Parliament. [NB "Port Waitako" on the map should read "Port Waikato".]

### General electorates

[edit]

Electorate  | Region  | Namesake  | MP  | Party

|
|
|
|

Auckland Central | Auckland | Auckland | Chlöe Swarbrick |  | Green
Banks Peninsula | Canterbury | Banks Peninsula | Vanessa Weenink |  | National
Bay of Plenty | Bay of Plenty | Bay of Plenty | Tom Rutherford |  | National
Botany | Auckland | Botany Downs | Christopher Luxon |  | National
Christchurch Central | Canterbury | Christchurch | Duncan Webb |  | Labour
Christchurch East | Canterbury | Christchurch | Reuben Davidson |  | Labour
Coromandel | Waikato | Coromandel Peninsula | Scott Simpson |  | National
Dunedin | Otago | Dunedin | Rachel Brooking |  | Labour
East Coast | Gisborne and Bay of Plenty | East Coast | Dana Kirkpatrick |  | National
East Coast Bays | Auckland | East Coast Bays | Erica Stanford |  | National
Epsom | Auckland | Epsom | David Seymour |  | ACT
Hamilton East | Waikato | Hamilton | Ryan Hamilton |  | National
Hamilton West | Waikato | Hamilton | Tama Potaka |  | National
Hutt South | Wellington | Hutt Valley | Chris Bishop |  | National
Ilam | Canterbury | Ilam | Hamish Campbell |  | National
Invercargill | Southland | Invercargill | Penny Simmonds |  | National
Kaikōura | Marlborough and Canterbury | Kaikōura | Stuart Smith |  | National
Kaipara ki Mahurangi | Auckland | Kaipara Harbour and Mahurangi Harbour | Chris Penk |  | National
Kelston | Auckland | Kelston | Carmel Sepuloni |  | Labour
Mana | Wellington | Mana Island | Barbara Edmonds |  | Labour
Māngere | Auckland | Māngere | Lemauga Lydia Sosene |  | Labour
Manurewa | Auckland | Manurewa | Arena Williams |  | Labour
Maungakiekie | Auckland | Maungakiekie / One Tree Hill | Greg Fleming |  | National
Mt Albert | Auckland | Mount Albert | Helen White |  | Labour
Mt Roskill | Auckland | Mount Roskill | Carlos Cheung |  | National
Napier | Hawke's Bay | Napier | Katie Nimon |  | National
Nelson | Nelson and Tasman | Nelson | Rachel Boyack |  | Labour
New Lynn | Auckland | New Lynn | Paulo Garcia |  | National
New Plymouth | Taranaki | New Plymouth | David MacLeod |  | National
North Shore | Auckland | North Shore | Simon Watts |  | National
Northcote | Auckland | Northcote | Dan Bidois |  | National
Northland | Northland | Northland Region | Grant McCallum |  | National
Ōhāriu | Wellington | Ohariu | Greg O'Connor |  | Labour
Ōtaki | Wellington and Manawatū-Whanganui | Ōtaki River | Tim Costley |  | National
Pakuranga | Auckland | Pakuranga | Simeon Brown |  | National
Palmerston North | Manawatū-Whanganui | Palmerston North | Tangi Utikere |  | Labour
Panmure-Ōtāhuhu | Auckland | Panmure and Ōtāhuhu | Jenny Salesa |  | Labour
Papakura | Auckland | Papakura | Judith Collins |  | National
Port Waikato | Auckland and Waikato | Port Waikato | Andrew Bayly |  | National
Rangitata | Canterbury | Rangitata River | James Meager |  | National
Rangitīkei | Manawatū-Whanganui | Rangitīkei River | Suze Redmayne |  | National
Remutaka | Wellington | Remutaka Range | Chris Hipkins |  | Labour
Rongotai | Wellington and the Chatham Islands | Rongotai | Julie Anne Genter |  | Green
Rotorua | Bay of Plenty | Rotorua | Todd McClay |  | National
Selwyn | Canterbury | Selwyn River | Nicola Grigg |  | National
Southland | Southland and Otago | Southland Region | Joseph Mooney |  | National
Taieri | Otago | Taieri River | Ingrid Leary |  | Labour
Takanini | Auckland | Takanini | Rima Nakhle |  | National
Tāmaki | Auckland | Tamaki River | Brooke van Velden |  | ACT
Taranaki-King Country | Taranaki and Waikato | Taranaki region and King Country | Barbara Kuriger |  | National
Taupō | Waikato | Lake Taupō | Louise Upston |  | National
Tauranga | Bay of Plenty | Tauranga | Sam Uffindell |  | National
Te Atatū | Auckland | Te Atatū Peninsula | Phil Twyford |  | Labour
Tukituki | Hawke's Bay | Tukituki River | Catherine Wedd |  | National
Upper Harbour | Auckland | Upper Waitematā Harbour | Cameron Brewer |  | National
Waikato | Waikato | Waikato River | Tim van de Molen |  | National
Waimakariri | Canterbury | Waimakariri River | Matt Doocey |  | National
Wairarapa | Wellington, Manawatū-Whanganui and Hawke's Bay | Lake Wairarapa | Mike Butterick |  | National
Waitaki | Otago and Canterbury | Waitaki River | Miles Anderson |  | National
Wellington Central | Wellington | Wellington | Tamatha Paul |  | Green
West Coast-Tasman | West Coast and Tasman | West Coast region and Tasman district | Maureen Pugh |  | National
Whanganui | Manawatū-Whanganui and Taranaki | Whanganui River | Carl Bates |  | National
Whangaparāoa | Auckland | Whangaparāoa Peninsula | Mark Mitchell |  | National
Whangārei | Northland | Whangārei | Shane Reti |  | National
Wigram | Canterbury | Wigram | Megan Woods |  | Labour

### Māori electorates

[edit]

Electorate  | Region  | Namesake/translation  | MP  | Party

|
|
|
|

Te Tai Tokerau | Northland and Auckland  | "northern district"  | Mariameno Kapa-Kingi |  | Māori
Tāmaki Makaurau | Auckland  | "Tāmaki desired by many" (the Māori name for Auckland)  | Takutai Tarsh Kemp |  | Māori
Hauraki-Waikato | Auckland and Waikato  | Hauraki Gulf and Waikato River | Hana-Rawhiti Maipi-Clarke |  | Māori
Waiariki | Bay of Plenty and Waikato  | "chiefly waters"  | Rawiri Waititi |  | Māori
Ikaroa-Rāwhiti | Hawke's Bay, Gisborne, Manawatū-Whanganui and Wellington  | long (roa) eastern (rāwhiti) electorate of the North Island / Te Ika-a-Māui | Cushla Tangaere-Manuel |  | Labour
Te Tai Hauāuru | Taranaki, Waikato, Manawatū-Whanganui and Wellington  | "western district"  | Debbie Ngarewa-Packer |  | Māori
Te Tai Tonga | The South Island, Wellington and the Chatham Islands | "southern district"  | Tākuta Ferris |  | Māori

## Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ Historically the only way to gain a seat in Parliament was to win an electorate, but under the present MMP system, MPs selected from party lists—called list MPs—are able to gain a seat without representing an electorate.
2. ^ Electoral Act 1993, s 35(3).
3. ^ Electoral Act 1993, s 45(3).
4. ^ Electoral Act 1993, s 35(3).

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ "Ngā MP, rohe pōti". www.parliament.nz (in Māori). New Zealand Parliament. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
2. ^ a b c d "Electoral Act 1993 No 87 (as at 1 July 2016), Public Act Contents". www.legislation.govt.nz. New Zealand Legislation. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
3. ^ See "Terminology". www.parliament.tas.gov.au. Retrieved 6 March 2022.
4. ^ Wilson 1985, p. 173.
5. ^ a b c Wilson 1985, p. 174.
6. ^ Cooke, Henry (17 January 2024). "Why we're eventually going to need more MPs". Stuff. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
7. ^ a b Roberts, Nigel S. (20 June 2012). "Electoral systems – Turning votes into seats". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
8. ^ Roberts, Nigel S. (17 February 2015). "Electoral systems – Turning votes into seats". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 16 October 2018. "Both the single-member and the multi-member districts were instances of plurality voting systems, because candidates did not need a majority of the votes (more than half) to be elected. They required only a plurality – more votes than any of the other candidates – to win."
9. ^ Foster, Bernard John (1966). A. H. McLintock (ed.). Second Ballot System (1908–13). Wellington: An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
10. ^ Atkinson 2003, p. 76.
11. ^ "Report of the Representation Commission, 2007" (PDF). elections.org.nz. Representation Commission. 2007. p. 4\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 January 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
12. ^ "2014 Electorate Boundaries – Key Changes". elections.org.nz. Electoral Commission. 17 April 2014. Archived from the original on 26 January 2019. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
13. ^ "What are electorates?". www.parliament.nz. New Zealand Parliament. 17 April 2020. Retrieved 6 March 2022. "In the 2020 general election, there will be seven Māori electorates and 65 general electorates—including one new electorate in Auckland."
14. ^ "General electorates down by one, number of Māori electorates stays at seven". Stats NZ. 23 October 2024.
15. ^ "Proportion of electorate seats to list seats" (PDF). elections.org.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
16. ^ Shugart & Wattenberg 2001, p. 24.
17. ^ "Overhang" (PDF). elections.org.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 May 2017. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
18. ^ "Official results for the 2023 General Election". Elections. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2025.
19. ^ a b c "Representation Commission". elections.org.nz. Electoral Commission (New Zealand). Archived from the original on 22 January 2019. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
20. ^ "Calculating future Māori and General Electorates". Electoral Commission (New Zealand). 1 October 2013. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 2 October 2013.
21. ^ "Electoral Amendment Act 1975". Retrieved 10 March 2014.
22. ^ "Electoral Act 1956". Retrieved 10 March 2014.
23. ^ "Māori and the vote – Change in the 20th century". nzhistory.govt.nz. New Zealand History Online. 21 November 2024. Retrieved 12 January 2025.

## References

[edit]

* Atkinson, Neill (2003). Adventures in democracy: a history of the vote in New Zealand. Dunedin: University of Otago Press. ISBN 9781877276583.
* Shugart, Matthew Søberg; Wattenberg, Martin, eds. (2001). Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: the best of both worlds?. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0191528978.
* Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

## External links

[edit]

* Electoral profiles, produced by the Parliamentary Library, New Zealand Parliament.
* Map of electorates with boundaries, produced by the Parliamentary Library, run by the Electoral Commission, the Electoral Enrolment Centre, the Representation Commission, and the Justice Sector.

* v
* t
* e

Current New Zealand electorates

North Island|

* Auckland Central
* Bay of Plenty
* Botany
* Coromandel
* East Coast
* East Coast Bays
* Epsom
* Hamilton East
* Hamilton West
* Hutt South
* Kaipara ki Mahurangi
* Kelston
* Mana
* Māngere
* Manurewa
* Maungakiekie
* Mount Albert
* Mount Roskill
* Napier
* New Lynn
* New Plymouth
* North Shore
* Northcote
* Northland
* Ōhāriu
* Ōtaki
* Pakuranga
* Palmerston North
* Panmure-Ōtāhuhu
* Papakura
* Port Waikato
* Rangitīkei
* Remutaka
* Rongotai
* Rotorua
* Takanini
* Tāmaki
* Taranaki-King Country
* Taupō
* Tauranga
* Te Atatū
* Tukituki
* Upper Harbour
* Waikato
* Wairarapa
* Wellington Central
* Whanganui
* Whangaparāoa
* Whangārei

South Island|

* Banks Peninsula
* Christchurch Central
* Christchurch East
* Dunedin
* Ilam
* Invercargill
* Kaikōura
* Nelson
* Rangitata
* Selwyn
* Southland
* Taieri
* Waimakariri
* Waitaki
* West Coast-Tasman
* Wigram

Māori|

* Hauraki-Waikato
* Ikaroa-Rāwhiti
* Tāmaki Makaurau
* Te Tai Hauāuru
* Te Tai Tokerau
* Te Tai Tonga
* Waiariki

* v
* t
* e

Historical electorates of New Zealand  « current electorates »

General
electorates|

* Akaroa
* Albany
* Aoraki
* Arch Hill
* Ashburton
* Ashley
* Auckland
* Auckland East
* Auckland North
* Auckland Suburbs
* Auckland West
* Avon
* Awarua
* Bay of Islands
* Birkenhead
* Brooklyn
* Bruce
* Buller
* Caversham
* Chalmers
* Cheviot
* Christchurch
* Christchurch Country
* Christchurch North
* Christchurch South
* Christchurch West
* City of Auckland
* City of Christchurch
* City of Dunedin
* City of Nelson
* City of Wellington
* Clevedon
* Clive
* Clutha
* Clutha-Southland
* Coleridge
* Collingwood
* County of Hawke
* Courtenay
* Dunedin Central
* Dunedin Country
* Dunedin East
* Dunedin North
* Dunedin South
* Dunedin and Suburbs North
* Dunedin and Suburbs South
* Dunedin Suburbs
* Dunedin West
* Dunstan
* East Cape
* Eastern Bay of Plenty
* Eastern Hutt
* Eden
* Egmont
* Ellesmere
* Fendalton
* Far North
* Foxton
* Franklin
* Franklin North
* Franklin South
* Geraldine
* Gisborne
* Glenfield
* Gladstone
* Grey
* Grey and Bell
* Grey Lynn
* Greymouth
* Grey Valley
* Halswell
* Hamilton
* Hampden
* Hastings
* Hauraki
* Hawera
* Hawkes Bay
* Heathcote
* Helensville
* Henderson
* Heretaunga
* Hobson
* Hokitika
* Hokonui
* Horowhenua
* Howick
* Hunua
* Hurunui
* Hutt
* Inangahua
* Island Bay
* Kaiapoi
* Kaimai
* Kaipara
* Kapiti
* Karapiro
* Karori
* King Country
* Kumara
* Lincoln
* Linwood
* Lyttelton
* Mahia
* Manawatu
* Manuherikia
* Manukau
* Manukau East
* Maramarua
* Marlborough
* Marsden
* Masterton
* Matakana
* Matamata
* Mataura
* Mid-Canterbury
* Miramar
* Moeraki
* Mongonui
* Mongonui and Bay of Islands
* Mornington
* Motueka
* Motueka and Massacre Bay
* Mount Herbert
* Mount Ida
* Mount Victoria
* Newton
* Newtown
* Northern Division
* Oamaru
* Ohariu-Belmont
* Ohinemuri
* Omata
* Onehunga
* Onslow
* Oroua
* Otago
* Otago Central
* Otahuhu
* Otara
* Owairaka
* Pahiatua
* Palmerston
* Panmure
* Papanui
* Papatoetoe
* Pareora
* Parnell
* Patea
* Pencarrow
* Peninsula
* Pensioner Settlements
* Petone
* Piako
* Picton
* Ponsonby
* Porirua
* Port Chalmers
* Port Hills
* Raglan
* Rakaia
* Rangiora
* Rangiriri
* Remuera
* Riccarton
* Riverton
* Rodney
* Roskill
* Roslyn
* Ruahine
* St Albans
* St Kilda
* South Canterbury
* Southern Division
* Stanmore
* Stratford
* Suburbs of Auckland
* Suburbs of Nelson
* Sydenham
* Taranaki
* Tarawera
* Tasman
* Taumarunui
* Te Aro
* Te Aroha
* Temuka
* Thames
* Thorndon
* Timaru
* Titirangi
* Tongariro
* Totara
* Tuapeka
* Waiapu
* Waihemo
* Waikaia
* Waikaremoana
* Waikouaiti
* Waimarino
* Waimate
* Waimea
* Waimea-Picton
* Waimea-Sounds
* Waipa
* Waipareira
* Waipawa
* Wairarapa and Hawke's Bay
* Wairarapa North
* Wairarapa South
* Wairau
* Waitemata
* Waitakere
* Waitomo
* Waitotara
* Wakanui
* Wakatipu
* Wallace
* Wanganui and Rangitikei
* Wellington
* Wellington Country
* Wellington East
* Wellington-Karori
* Wellington North
* Wellington South
* Wellington South and Suburbs
* Wellington Suburbs
* Wellington Suburbs and Country
* Wellington West
* West Auckland
* West Coast
* Western Hutt
* Westland
* Westland North
* Westland South
* Woodville
* Yaldhurst

Māori
electorates|

* Eastern Maori
* Hauraki Māori
* Northern Maori
* Southern Maori
* Tainui
* Te Puku O Te Whenua
* Te Tai Rawhiti
* Western Maori

Goldminers'
electorates|

* Gold Fields
* Gold Field Towns
* Westland Boroughs

* v
* t
* e

Parliament of New Zealand

Components|

* Monarch (represented by the Governor-General)
* Legislative Council (1841–1853)
* Legislative Council (1853–1950)
* House of Representatives

Parliamentary
officers|

| Legislative Council|

* Speaker of the Legislative Council (defunct)
* Chairman of Committees (defunct)
* Leader of the Legislative Council (defunct)

|

House of
Representatives|

* Speaker of the House of Representatives
* Chairman of Committees (defunct)
* Clerk
* Leader of the House
* Ministers
* Prime Minister
* Leader of the Opposition
* Shadow Ministry
* Shadow Leader of the House
* Whips

Members|

| Legislative Council|

* Abolition of the Legislative Council
* Members of the Legislative Council

|

House of
Representatives|

* Current (previous)
* 30+ years
* Father or Mother of the House
* Baby of the House

Procedure|

* Speech from the throne
* Question Time
* Readings of bills
* Members' bills
* Committees
* King's Consent
* Royal assent

Elections|

* Previous
* Next
* List
* Electoral system
* Mixed-member proportional (current)
* First-past-the-post (previously)
* Electorates
* By-elections
* Appointments
* Supplementary elections (defunct)
* Caretaker government

Locations|

* General Assembly House, Auckland (demolished)
* Parliament House, Wellington (current)
* Beehive (current executive wing)
* Parliamentary Library (current)
* Bowen House (current)

Miscellaneous|

* Commonwealth Parliamentary Association
* Legislature broadcasters in New Zealand
* Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)
* Waka-jumping

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*[MP]: member of parliament